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+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package attribute // import "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
+
+import (
+ "bytes"
+ "sync"
+ "sync/atomic"
+)
+
+type (
+ // Encoder is a mechanism for serializing an attribute set into a specific
+ // string representation that supports caching, to avoid repeated
+ // serialization. An example could be an exporter encoding the attribute
+ // set into a wire representation.
+ Encoder interface {
+ // Encode returns the serialized encoding of the attribute set using
+ // its Iterator. This result may be cached by a attribute.Set.
+ Encode(iterator Iterator) string
+
+ // ID returns a value that is unique for each class of attribute
+ // encoder. Attribute encoders allocate these using `NewEncoderID`.
+ ID() EncoderID
+ }
+
+ // EncoderID is used to identify distinct Encoder
+ // implementations, for caching encoded results.
+ EncoderID struct {
+ value uint64
+ }
+
+ // defaultAttrEncoder uses a sync.Pool of buffers to reduce the number of
+ // allocations used in encoding attributes. This implementation encodes a
+ // comma-separated list of key=value, with '/'-escaping of '=', ',', and
+ // '\'.
+ defaultAttrEncoder struct {
+ // pool is a pool of attribute set builders. The buffers in this pool
+ // grow to a size that most attribute encodings will not allocate new
+ // memory.
+ pool sync.Pool // *bytes.Buffer
+ }
+)
+
+// escapeChar is used to ensure uniqueness of the attribute encoding where
+// keys or values contain either '=' or ','. Since there is no parser needed
+// for this encoding and its only requirement is to be unique, this choice is
+// arbitrary. Users will see these in some exporters (e.g., stdout), so the
+// backslash ('\') is used as a conventional choice.
+const escapeChar = '\\'
+
+var (
+ _ Encoder = &defaultAttrEncoder{}
+
+ // encoderIDCounter is for generating IDs for other attribute encoders.
+ encoderIDCounter uint64
+
+ defaultEncoderOnce sync.Once
+ defaultEncoderID = NewEncoderID()
+ defaultEncoderInstance *defaultAttrEncoder
+)
+
+// NewEncoderID returns a unique attribute encoder ID. It should be called
+// once per each type of attribute encoder. Preferably in init() or in var
+// definition.
+func NewEncoderID() EncoderID {
+ return EncoderID{value: atomic.AddUint64(&encoderIDCounter, 1)}
+}
+
+// DefaultEncoder returns an attribute encoder that encodes attributes in such
+// a way that each escaped attribute's key is followed by an equal sign and
+// then by an escaped attribute's value. All key-value pairs are separated by
+// a comma.
+//
+// Escaping is done by prepending a backslash before either a backslash, equal
+// sign or a comma.
+func DefaultEncoder() Encoder {
+ defaultEncoderOnce.Do(func() {
+ defaultEncoderInstance = &defaultAttrEncoder{
+ pool: sync.Pool{
+ New: func() interface{} {
+ return &bytes.Buffer{}
+ },
+ },
+ }
+ })
+ return defaultEncoderInstance
+}
+
+// Encode is a part of an implementation of the AttributeEncoder interface.
+func (d *defaultAttrEncoder) Encode(iter Iterator) string {
+ buf := d.pool.Get().(*bytes.Buffer)
+ defer d.pool.Put(buf)
+ buf.Reset()
+
+ for iter.Next() {
+ i, keyValue := iter.IndexedAttribute()
+ if i > 0 {
+ _, _ = buf.WriteRune(',')
+ }
+ copyAndEscape(buf, string(keyValue.Key))
+
+ _, _ = buf.WriteRune('=')
+
+ if keyValue.Value.Type() == STRING {
+ copyAndEscape(buf, keyValue.Value.AsString())
+ } else {
+ _, _ = buf.WriteString(keyValue.Value.Emit())
+ }
+ }
+ return buf.String()
+}
+
+// ID is a part of an implementation of the AttributeEncoder interface.
+func (*defaultAttrEncoder) ID() EncoderID {
+ return defaultEncoderID
+}
+
+// copyAndEscape escapes `=`, `,` and its own escape character (`\`),
+// making the default encoding unique.
+func copyAndEscape(buf *bytes.Buffer, val string) {
+ for _, ch := range val {
+ switch ch {
+ case '=', ',', escapeChar:
+ _, _ = buf.WriteRune(escapeChar)
+ }
+ _, _ = buf.WriteRune(ch)
+ }
+}
+
+// Valid returns true if this encoder ID was allocated by
+// `NewEncoderID`. Invalid encoder IDs will not be cached.
+func (id EncoderID) Valid() bool {
+ return id.value != 0
+}