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-# Package Documentation for github.com/ugorji/go/codec
-
-Package codec provides a High Performance, Feature-Rich Idiomatic Go 1.4+
-codec/encoding library for binc, msgpack, cbor, json.
-
-Supported Serialization formats are:
-
- - msgpack: https://github.com/msgpack/msgpack
- - binc: http://github.com/ugorji/binc
- - cbor: http://cbor.io http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7049
- - json: http://json.org http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7159
- - simple:
-
-This package will carefully use 'package unsafe' for performance reasons
-in specific places. You can build without unsafe use by passing the safe or
-appengine tag i.e. 'go install -tags=codec.safe ...'.
-
-This library works with both the standard `gc` and the `gccgo` compilers.
-
-For detailed usage information, read the primer at
-http://ugorji.net/blog/go-codec-primer .
-
-The idiomatic Go support is as seen in other encoding packages in the standard
-library (ie json, xml, gob, etc).
-
-Rich Feature Set includes:
-
- - Simple but extremely powerful and feature-rich API
- - Support for go 1.4 and above, while selectively using newer APIs for later
- releases
- - Excellent code coverage ( > 90% )
- - Very High Performance. Our extensive benchmarks show us outperforming Gob,
- Json, Bson, etc by 2-4X.
- - Careful selected use of 'unsafe' for targeted performance gains.
- - 100% safe mode supported, where 'unsafe' is not used at all.
- - Lock-free (sans mutex) concurrency for scaling to 100's of cores
- - In-place updates during decode, with option to zero value in maps and slices
- prior to decode
- - Coerce types where appropriate e.g. decode an int in the stream into a
- float, decode numbers from formatted strings, etc
- - Corner Cases: Overflows, nil maps/slices, nil values in streams are handled
- correctly
- - Standard field renaming via tags
- - Support for omitting empty fields during an encoding
- - Encoding from any value and decoding into pointer to any value (struct,
- slice, map, primitives, pointers, interface{}, etc)
- - Extensions to support efficient encoding/decoding of any named types
- - Support encoding.(Binary|Text)(M|Unm)arshaler interfaces
- - Support using existence of `IsZero() bool` to determine if a value is a zero
- value. Analogous to time.Time.IsZero() bool.
- - Decoding without a schema (into a interface{}). Includes Options to
- configure what specific map or slice type to use when decoding an encoded
- list or map into a nil interface{}
- - Mapping a non-interface type to an interface, so we can decode appropriately
- into any interface type with a correctly configured non-interface value.
- - Encode a struct as an array, and decode struct from an array in the data
- stream
- - Option to encode struct keys as numbers (instead of strings) (to support
- structured streams with fields encoded as numeric codes)
- - Comprehensive support for anonymous fields
- - Fast (no-reflection) encoding/decoding of common maps and slices
- - Code-generation for faster performance, supported in go 1.6+
- - Support binary (e.g. messagepack, cbor) and text (e.g. json) formats
- - Support indefinite-length formats to enable true streaming (for formats
- which support it e.g. json, cbor)
- - Support canonical encoding, where a value is ALWAYS encoded as same
- sequence of bytes. This mostly applies to maps, where iteration order is
- non-deterministic.
- - NIL in data stream decoded as zero value
- - Never silently skip data when decoding. User decides whether to return an
- error or silently skip data when keys or indexes in the data stream do not
- map to fields in the struct.
- - Detect and error when encoding a cyclic reference (instead of stack overflow
- shutdown)
- - Encode/Decode from/to chan types (for iterative streaming support)
- - Drop-in replacement for encoding/json. `json:` key in struct tag supported.
- - Provides a RPC Server and Client Codec for net/rpc communication protocol.
- - Handle unique idiosyncrasies of codecs e.g. For messagepack,
- configure how ambiguities in handling raw bytes are resolved and provide
- rpc server/client codec to support msgpack-rpc protocol defined at:
- https://github.com/msgpack-rpc/msgpack-rpc/blob/master/spec.md
-
-# Extension Support
-
-Users can register a function to handle the encoding or decoding of their custom
-types.
-
-There are no restrictions on what the custom type can be. Some examples:
-
-```go
- type BisSet []int
- type BitSet64 uint64
- type UUID string
- type MyStructWithUnexportedFields struct { a int; b bool; c []int; }
- type GifImage struct { ... }
-```
-
-As an illustration, MyStructWithUnexportedFields would normally be encoded as
-an empty map because it has no exported fields, while UUID would be encoded as a
-string. However, with extension support, you can encode any of these however you
-like.
-
-There is also seamless support provided for registering an extension (with a
-tag) but letting the encoding mechanism default to the standard way.
-
-# Custom Encoding and Decoding
-
-This package maintains symmetry in the encoding and decoding halfs. We determine
-how to encode or decode by walking this decision tree
-
- - is there an extension registered for the type?
- - is type a codec.Selfer?
- - is format binary, and is type a encoding.BinaryMarshaler and
- BinaryUnmarshaler?
- - is format specifically json, and is type a encoding/json.Marshaler and
- Unmarshaler?
- - is format text-based, and type an encoding.TextMarshaler and
- TextUnmarshaler?
- - else we use a pair of functions based on the "kind" of the type e.g. map,
- slice, int64, etc
-
-This symmetry is important to reduce chances of issues happening because the
-encoding and decoding sides are out of sync e.g. decoded via very specific
-encoding.TextUnmarshaler but encoded via kind-specific generalized mode.
-
-Consequently, if a type only defines one-half of the symmetry (e.g.
-it implements UnmarshalJSON() but not MarshalJSON() ), then that type doesn't
-satisfy the check and we will continue walking down the decision tree.
-
-# RPC
-
-RPC Client and Server Codecs are implemented, so the codecs can be used with the
-standard net/rpc package.
-
-# Usage
-
-The Handle is SAFE for concurrent READ, but NOT SAFE for concurrent
-modification.
-
-The Encoder and Decoder are NOT safe for concurrent use.
-
-Consequently, the usage model is basically:
-
- - Create and initialize the Handle before any use. Once created, DO NOT modify
- it.
- - Multiple Encoders or Decoders can now use the Handle concurrently. They only
- read information off the Handle (never write).
- - However, each Encoder or Decoder MUST not be used concurrently
- - To re-use an Encoder/Decoder, call Reset(...) on it first. This allows you
- use state maintained on the Encoder/Decoder.
-
-Sample usage model:
-
-```go
- // create and configure Handle
- var (
- bh codec.BincHandle
- mh codec.MsgpackHandle
- ch codec.CborHandle
- )
-
- mh.MapType = reflect.TypeOf(map[string]interface{}(nil))
-
- // configure extensions
- // e.g. for msgpack, define functions and enable Time support for tag 1
- // mh.SetExt(reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{}), 1, myExt)
-
- // create and use decoder/encoder
- var (
- r io.Reader
- w io.Writer
- b []byte
- h = &bh // or mh to use msgpack
- )
-
- dec = codec.NewDecoder(r, h)
- dec = codec.NewDecoderBytes(b, h)
- err = dec.Decode(&v)
-
- enc = codec.NewEncoder(w, h)
- enc = codec.NewEncoderBytes(&b, h)
- err = enc.Encode(v)
-
- //RPC Server
- go func() {
- for {
- conn, err := listener.Accept()
- rpcCodec := codec.GoRpc.ServerCodec(conn, h)
- //OR rpcCodec := codec.MsgpackSpecRpc.ServerCodec(conn, h)
- rpc.ServeCodec(rpcCodec)
- }
- }()
-
- //RPC Communication (client side)
- conn, err = net.Dial("tcp", "localhost:5555")
- rpcCodec := codec.GoRpc.ClientCodec(conn, h)
- //OR rpcCodec := codec.MsgpackSpecRpc.ClientCodec(conn, h)
- client := rpc.NewClientWithCodec(rpcCodec)
-```
-
-# Running Tests
-
-To run tests, use the following:
-
-```
- go test
-```
-
-To run the full suite of tests, use the following:
-
-```
- go test -tags alltests -run Suite
-```
-
-You can run the tag 'codec.safe' to run tests or build in safe mode. e.g.
-
-```
- go test -tags codec.safe -run Json
- go test -tags "alltests codec.safe" -run Suite
-```
-
-# Running Benchmarks
-
-```
- cd bench
- go test -bench . -benchmem -benchtime 1s
-```
-
-Please see http://github.com/ugorji/go-codec-bench .
-
-# Caveats
-
-Struct fields matching the following are ignored during encoding and decoding
-
- - struct tag value set to -
- - func, complex numbers, unsafe pointers
- - unexported and not embedded
- - unexported and embedded and not struct kind
- - unexported and embedded pointers (from go1.10)
-
-Every other field in a struct will be encoded/decoded.
-
-Embedded fields are encoded as if they exist in the top-level struct, with some
-caveats. See Encode documentation.
-
-## Exported Package API
-
-```go
-const CborStreamBytes byte = 0x5f ...
-const GenVersion = 28
-var SelfExt = &extFailWrapper{}
-var GoRpc goRpc
-var MsgpackSpecRpc msgpackSpecRpc
-func GenHelper() (g genHelper)
-type BasicHandle struct{ ... }
-type BincHandle struct{ ... }
-type BytesExt interface{ ... }
-type CborHandle struct{ ... }
-type DecodeOptions struct{ ... }
-type Decoder struct{ ... }
- func NewDecoder(r io.Reader, h Handle) *Decoder
- func NewDecoderBytes(in []byte, h Handle) *Decoder
- func NewDecoderString(s string, h Handle) *Decoder
-type EncodeOptions struct{ ... }
-type Encoder struct{ ... }
- func NewEncoder(w io.Writer, h Handle) *Encoder
- func NewEncoderBytes(out *[]byte, h Handle) *Encoder
-type Ext interface{ ... }
-type Handle interface{ ... }
-type InterfaceExt interface{ ... }
-type JsonHandle struct{ ... }
-type MapBySlice interface{ ... }
-type MissingFielder interface{ ... }
-type MsgpackHandle struct{ ... }
-type MsgpackSpecRpcMultiArgs []interface{}
-type RPCOptions struct{ ... }
-type Raw []byte
-type RawExt struct{ ... }
-type Rpc interface{ ... }
-type Selfer interface{ ... }
-type SimpleHandle struct{ ... }
-type TypeInfos struct{ ... }
- func NewTypeInfos(tags []string) *TypeInfos
-```