[chore] use our own logging implementation (#716)

* first commit

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* replace logging with our own log library

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* fix imports

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* fix log imports

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* add license text

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* fix package import cycle between config and log package

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* fix empty kv.Fields{} being passed to WithFields()

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* fix uses of log.WithFields() with whitespace issues and empty slices

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* *linter related grumbling*

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* gofmt the codebase! also fix more log.WithFields() formatting issues

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* update testrig code to match new changes

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* fix error wrapping in non fmt.Errorf function

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* add benchmarking of log.Caller() vs non-cached

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* fix syslog tests, add standard build tags to test runner to ensure consistency

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* make syslog tests more robust

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* fix caller depth arithmatic (is that how you spell it?)

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* update to use unkeyed fields in kv.Field{} instances

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* update go-kv library

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* update libraries list

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

* fuck you linter get nerfed

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: tobi <31960611+tsmethurst@users.noreply.github.com>

1 files changed, 922 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/vendor/codeberg.org/gruf/go-kv/format/format.go b/vendor/codeberg.org/gruf/go-kv/format/format.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..df5a94b7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vendor/codeberg.org/gruf/go-kv/format/format.go
@@ -0,0 +1,922 @@
+package format
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+
+	"codeberg.org/gruf/go-byteutil"
+)
+
+const (
+	// Flag bit constants, note they are prioritised in this order.
+	IsKeyBit = uint8(1) << 0 // set to indicate key formatting
+	VboseBit = uint8(1) << 1 // set to indicate verbose formatting
+	IsValBit = uint8(1) << 2 // set to indicate value formatting
+	PanicBit = uint8(1) << 3 // set after panic to prevent recursion
+)
+
+// format provides formatting of values into a Buffer.
+type format struct {
+	// Flags are the currently set value flags.
+	Flags uint8
+
+	// Derefs is the current value dereference count.
+	Derefs uint8
+
+	// CurDepth is the current Format iterator depth.
+	CurDepth uint8
+
+	// VType is the current value type.
+	VType string
+
+	// Config is the set Formatter config (MUST NOT be nil).
+	Config *Formatter
+
+	// Buffer is the currently set output buffer.
+	Buffer *byteutil.Buffer
+}
+
+// AtMaxDepth returns whether format is currently at max depth.
+func (f format) AtMaxDepth() bool {
+	return f.CurDepth > f.Config.MaxDepth
+}
+
+// Key returns whether the isKey flag is set.
+func (f format) Key() bool {
+	return (f.Flags & IsKeyBit) != 0
+}
+
+// Value returns whether the isVal flag is set.
+func (f format) Value() bool {
+	return (f.Flags & IsValBit) != 0
+}
+
+// Verbose returns whether the verbose flag is set.
+func (f format) Verbose() bool {
+	return (f.Flags & VboseBit) != 0
+}
+
+// Panic returns whether the panic flag is set.
+func (f format) Panic() bool {
+	return (f.Flags & PanicBit) != 0
+}
+
+// SetKey returns format instance with the IsKey bit set to true,
+// note this resets the dereference count.
+func (f format) SetKey() format {
+	flags := f.Flags | IsKeyBit
+	flags &= ^IsValBit
+	return format{
+		Flags:    flags,
+		CurDepth: f.CurDepth,
+		Config:   f.Config,
+		Buffer:   f.Buffer,
+	}
+}
+
+// SetValue returns format instance with the IsVal bit set to true,
+// note this resets the dereference count.
+func (f format) SetValue() format {
+	flags := f.Flags | IsValBit
+	flags &= ^IsKeyBit
+	return format{
+		Flags:    flags,
+		CurDepth: f.CurDepth,
+		Config:   f.Config,
+		Buffer:   f.Buffer,
+	}
+}
+
+// SetVerbose returns format instance with the Vbose bit set to true,
+// note this resets the dereference count.
+func (f format) SetVerbose() format {
+	return format{
+		Flags:    f.Flags | VboseBit,
+		CurDepth: f.CurDepth,
+		Config:   f.Config,
+		Buffer:   f.Buffer,
+	}
+}
+
+// SetPanic returns format instance with the panic bit set to true,
+// note this resets the dereference count and sets IsVal (unsetting IsKey) bit.
+func (f format) SetPanic() format {
+	flags := f.Flags | PanicBit
+	flags |= IsValBit
+	flags &= ^IsKeyBit
+	return format{
+		Flags:    flags,
+		CurDepth: f.CurDepth,
+		Config:   f.Config,
+		Buffer:   f.Buffer,
+	}
+}
+
+// IncrDepth returns format instance with depth incremented and derefs reset.
+func (f format) IncrDepth() format {
+	return format{
+		Flags:    f.Flags,
+		Derefs:   f.Derefs,
+		CurDepth: f.CurDepth + 1,
+		Config:   f.Config,
+		Buffer:   f.Buffer,
+	}
+}
+
+// IncrDerefs returns format instance with dereference count incremented.
+func (f format) IncrDerefs() format {
+	return format{
+		Flags:    f.Flags,
+		Derefs:   f.Derefs + 1,
+		CurDepth: f.CurDepth,
+		Config:   f.Config,
+		Buffer:   f.Buffer,
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendType() {
+	const derefs = `********************************` +
+		`********************************` +
+		`********************************` +
+		`********************************` +
+		`********************************` +
+		`********************************` +
+		`********************************` +
+		`********************************`
+	f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, derefs[:f.Derefs]...)
+	f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, f.VType...)
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendNil() {
+	if !f.Verbose() {
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, `nil`...)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Append nil with type
+	f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '(')
+	f.AppendType()
+	f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, `)(nil`...)
+	f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, ')')
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendByte(b byte) {
+	switch {
+	// Always quoted
+	case f.Key():
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '\'')
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, byte2str(b)...)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '\'')
+
+	// Always quoted ASCII with type
+	case f.Verbose():
+		f._AppendPrimitiveTyped(func(f format) {
+			f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '\'')
+			f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, byte2str(b)...)
+			f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '\'')
+		})
+
+	// Always quoted
+	case f.Value():
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '\'')
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, byte2str(b)...)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '\'')
+
+	// Append as raw byte
+	default:
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, b)
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendBytes(b []byte) {
+	switch {
+	// Bytes CAN be nil formatted
+	case b == nil:
+		f.AppendNil()
+
+	// Handle bytes as string key
+	case f.Key():
+		f.AppendStringKey(b2s(b))
+
+	// Append as separate ASCII quoted bytes in slice
+	case f.Verbose():
+		f._AppendArrayTyped(func(f format) {
+			for i := 0; i < len(b); i++ {
+				f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '\'')
+				f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, byte2str(b[i])...)
+				f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, `',`...)
+			}
+			if len(b) > 0 {
+				f.Buffer.Truncate(1)
+			}
+		})
+
+	// Append as quoted string
+	case f.Value():
+		f.AppendStringQuoted(b2s(b))
+
+	// Append as raw bytes
+	default:
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, b...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendRune(r rune) {
+	switch {
+	// Quoted only if spaces/requires escaping
+	case f.Key():
+		f.AppendRuneKey(r)
+
+	// Always quoted ASCII with type
+	case f.Verbose():
+		f._AppendPrimitiveTyped(func(f format) {
+			f.Buffer.B = strconv.AppendQuoteRuneToASCII(f.Buffer.B, r)
+		})
+
+	// Always quoted value
+	case f.Value():
+		f.Buffer.B = strconv.AppendQuoteRune(f.Buffer.B, r)
+
+	// Append as raw rune
+	default:
+		f.Buffer.WriteRune(r)
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendRuneKey(r rune) {
+	if utf8.RuneLen(r) > 1 && (r < ' ' && r != '\t') || r == '`' || r == '\u007F' {
+		// Quote and escape this rune
+		f.Buffer.B = strconv.AppendQuoteRuneToASCII(f.Buffer.B, r)
+	} else {
+		// Simply append rune
+		f.Buffer.WriteRune(r)
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendRunes(r []rune) {
+	switch {
+	// Runes CAN be nil formatted
+	case r == nil:
+		f.AppendNil()
+
+	// Handle bytes as string key
+	case f.Key():
+		f.AppendStringKey(string(r))
+
+	// Append as separate ASCII quoted bytes in slice
+	case f.Verbose():
+		f._AppendArrayTyped(func(f format) {
+			for i := 0; i < len(r); i++ {
+				f.Buffer.B = strconv.AppendQuoteRuneToASCII(f.Buffer.B, r[i])
+				f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, ',')
+			}
+			if len(r) > 0 {
+				f.Buffer.Truncate(1)
+			}
+		})
+
+	// Append as quoted string
+	case f.Value():
+		f.AppendStringQuoted(string(r))
+
+	// Append as raw bytes
+	default:
+		for i := 0; i < len(r); i++ {
+			f.Buffer.WriteRune(r[i])
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendString(s string) {
+	switch {
+	// Quoted only if spaces/requires escaping
+	case f.Key():
+		f.AppendStringKey(s)
+
+	// Always quoted with type
+	case f.Verbose():
+		f._AppendPrimitiveTyped(func(f format) {
+			f.AppendStringQuoted(s)
+		})
+
+	// Always quoted string
+	case f.Value():
+		f.AppendStringQuoted(s)
+
+	// All else
+	default:
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, s...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendStringKey(s string) {
+	if !strconv.CanBackquote(s) {
+		// Requires quoting AND escaping
+		f.Buffer.B = strconv.AppendQuote(f.Buffer.B, s)
+	} else if ContainsDoubleQuote(s) {
+		// Contains double quotes, needs escaping
+		f.Buffer.B = AppendEscape(f.Buffer.B, s)
+	} else if len(s) < 1 || ContainsSpaceOrTab(s) {
+		// Contains space, needs quotes
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '"')
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, s...)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '"')
+	} else {
+		// All else write as-is
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, s...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendStringQuoted(s string) {
+	if !strconv.CanBackquote(s) {
+		// Requires quoting AND escaping
+		f.Buffer.B = strconv.AppendQuote(f.Buffer.B, s)
+	} else if ContainsDoubleQuote(s) {
+		// Contains double quotes, needs escaping
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '"')
+		f.Buffer.B = AppendEscape(f.Buffer.B, s)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '"')
+	} else {
+		// Simply append with quotes
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '"')
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, s...)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '"')
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendBool(b bool) {
+	if f.Verbose() {
+		// Append as bool with type information
+		f._AppendPrimitiveTyped(func(f format) {
+			f.Buffer.B = strconv.AppendBool(f.Buffer.B, b)
+		})
+	} else {
+		// Simply append as bool
+		f.Buffer.B = strconv.AppendBool(f.Buffer.B, b)
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendInt(i int64) {
+	f._AppendPrimitiveType(func(f format) {
+		f.Buffer.B = strconv.AppendInt(f.Buffer.B, i, 10)
+	})
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendUint(u uint64) {
+	f._AppendPrimitiveType(func(f format) {
+		f.Buffer.B = strconv.AppendUint(f.Buffer.B, u, 10)
+	})
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendFloat(l float64) {
+	f._AppendPrimitiveType(func(f format) {
+		f.AppendFloatValue(l)
+	})
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendFloatValue(l float64) {
+	f.Buffer.B = strconv.AppendFloat(f.Buffer.B, l, 'f', -1, 64)
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendComplex(c complex128) {
+	f._AppendPrimitiveType(func(f format) {
+		f.AppendFloatValue(real(c))
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '+')
+		f.AppendFloatValue(imag(c))
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, 'i')
+	})
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendPtr(u uint64) {
+	f._AppendPtrType(func(f format) {
+		if u == 0 {
+			// Append as nil
+			f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, `nil`...)
+		} else {
+			// Append as hex number
+			f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, `0x`...)
+			f.Buffer.B = strconv.AppendUint(f.Buffer.B, u, 16)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendInterfaceOrReflect(i interface{}) {
+	if !f.AppendInterface(i) {
+		// Interface append failed, used reflected value + type
+		f.AppendReflectValue(reflect.ValueOf(i), reflect.TypeOf(i))
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendInterfaceOrReflectNext(v reflect.Value, t reflect.Type) {
+	// Check we haven't hit max
+	if f.AtMaxDepth() {
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, `...`...)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Incr the depth
+	f = f.IncrDepth()
+
+	// Make actual call
+	f.AppendReflectOrInterface(v, t)
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendReflectOrInterface(v reflect.Value, t reflect.Type) {
+	if !v.CanInterface() ||
+		!f.AppendInterface(v.Interface()) {
+		// Interface append failed, use reflect
+		f.AppendReflectValue(v, t)
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendInterface(i interface{}) bool {
+	switch i := i.(type) {
+	// Reflect types
+	case reflect.Type:
+		f.AppendReflectType(i)
+	case reflect.Value:
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, `reflect.Value`...)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '(')
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, i.String()...)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, ')')
+
+	// Bytes, runes and string types
+	case rune:
+		f.VType = `int32`
+		f.AppendRune(i)
+	case []rune:
+		f.VType = `[]int32`
+		f.AppendRunes(i)
+	case byte:
+		f.VType = `uint8`
+		f.AppendByte(i)
+	case []byte:
+		f.VType = `[]uint8`
+		f.AppendBytes(i)
+	case string:
+		f.VType = `string`
+		f.AppendString(i)
+
+	// Int types
+	case int:
+		f.VType = `int`
+		f.AppendInt(int64(i))
+	case int8:
+		f.VType = `int8`
+		f.AppendInt(int64(i))
+	case int16:
+		f.VType = `int16`
+		f.AppendInt(int64(i))
+	case int64:
+		f.VType = `int64`
+		f.AppendInt(int64(i))
+
+	// Uint types
+	case uint:
+		f.VType = `uint`
+		f.AppendUint(uint64(i))
+	case uint16:
+		f.VType = `uint16`
+		f.AppendUint(uint64(i))
+	case uint32:
+		f.VType = `uint32`
+		f.AppendUint(uint64(i))
+	case uint64:
+		f.VType = `uint64`
+		f.AppendUint(uint64(i))
+
+	// Float types
+	case float32:
+		f.VType = `float32`
+		f.AppendFloat(float64(i))
+	case float64:
+		f.VType = `float64`
+		f.AppendFloat(float64(i))
+
+	// Bool type
+	case bool:
+		f.VType = `bool`
+		f.AppendBool(i)
+
+	// Complex types
+	case complex64:
+		f.VType = `complex64`
+		f.AppendComplex(complex128(i))
+	case complex128:
+		f.VType = `complex128`
+		f.AppendComplex(complex128(i))
+
+	// Method types
+	case error:
+		return f._AppendMethodType(func() string {
+			return i.Error()
+		}, i)
+	case interface{ String() string }:
+		return f._AppendMethodType(func() string {
+			return i.String()
+		}, i)
+
+	// No quick handler
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendReflectType(t reflect.Type) {
+	switch f.VType = `reflect.Type`; {
+	case isNil(t) /* safer nil check */ :
+		f.AppendNil()
+	case f.Verbose():
+		f.AppendType()
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '(')
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, t.String()...)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, ')')
+	default:
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, t.String()...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendReflectValue(v reflect.Value, t reflect.Type) {
+	switch v.Kind() {
+	// String/byte types
+	case reflect.String:
+		f.VType = t.String()
+		f.AppendString(v.String())
+	case reflect.Uint8:
+		f.VType = t.String()
+		f.AppendByte(byte(v.Uint()))
+	case reflect.Int32:
+		f.VType = t.String()
+		f.AppendRune(rune(v.Int()))
+
+	// Float tpyes
+	case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
+		f.VType = t.String()
+		f.AppendFloat(v.Float())
+
+	// Int types
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int64:
+		f.VType = t.String()
+		f.AppendInt(v.Int())
+
+	// Uint types
+	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
+		f.VType = t.String()
+		f.AppendUint(v.Uint())
+
+	// Complex types
+	case reflect.Complex64, reflect.Complex128:
+		f.VType = t.String()
+		f.AppendComplex(v.Complex())
+
+	// Bool type
+	case reflect.Bool:
+		f.VType = t.String()
+		f.AppendBool(v.Bool())
+
+	// Slice and array types
+	case reflect.Array:
+		f.AppendArray(v, t)
+	case reflect.Slice:
+		f.AppendSlice(v, t)
+
+	// Map types
+	case reflect.Map:
+		f.AppendMap(v, t)
+
+	// Struct types
+	case reflect.Struct:
+		f.AppendStruct(v, t)
+
+	// Interface type
+	case reflect.Interface:
+		if v.IsNil() {
+			// Append nil ptr type
+			f.VType = t.String()
+			f.AppendNil()
+		} else {
+			// Append interface
+			v = v.Elem()
+			t = v.Type()
+			f.AppendReflectOrInterface(v, t)
+		}
+
+	// Deref'able ptr type
+	case reflect.Ptr:
+		if v.IsNil() {
+			// Append nil ptr type
+			f.VType = t.String()
+			f.AppendNil()
+		} else {
+			// Deref to next level
+			f = f.IncrDerefs()
+			v, t = v.Elem(), t.Elem()
+			f.AppendReflectOrInterface(v, t)
+		}
+
+	// 'raw' pointer types
+	case reflect.UnsafePointer, reflect.Func, reflect.Chan:
+		f.VType = t.String()
+		f.AppendPtr(uint64(v.Pointer()))
+	case reflect.Uintptr:
+		f.VType = t.String()
+		f.AppendPtr(v.Uint())
+
+	// Zero reflect value
+	case reflect.Invalid:
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, `nil`...)
+
+	// All others
+	default:
+		f.VType = t.String()
+		f.AppendType()
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendSlice(v reflect.Value, t reflect.Type) {
+	// Get slice value type
+	f.VType = t.String()
+
+	if t.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Uint8 {
+		// This is a byte slice
+		f.AppendBytes(v.Bytes())
+		return
+	}
+
+	if v.IsNil() {
+		// Nil slice
+		f.AppendNil()
+		return
+	}
+
+	if f.Verbose() {
+		// Append array with type information
+		f._AppendArrayTyped(func(f format) {
+			f.AppendArrayElems(v, t)
+		})
+	} else {
+		// Simply append array as elems
+		f._AppendArray(func(f format) {
+			f.AppendArrayElems(v, t)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendArray(v reflect.Value, t reflect.Type) {
+	// Get array value type
+	f.VType = t.String()
+
+	if f.Verbose() {
+		// Append array with type information
+		f._AppendArrayTyped(func(f format) {
+			f.AppendArrayElems(v, t)
+		})
+	} else {
+		// Simply append array as elems
+		f._AppendArray(func(f format) {
+			f.AppendArrayElems(v, t)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendArrayElems(v reflect.Value, t reflect.Type) {
+	// Get no. elems
+	n := v.Len()
+
+	// Get elem type
+	et := t.Elem()
+
+	// Append values
+	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
+		f.SetValue().AppendInterfaceOrReflectNext(v.Index(i), et)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, ',')
+	}
+
+	// Drop last comma
+	if n > 0 {
+		f.Buffer.Truncate(1)
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendMap(v reflect.Value, t reflect.Type) {
+	// Get value type
+	f.VType = t.String()
+
+	if v.IsNil() {
+		// Nil map -- no fields
+		f.AppendNil()
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Append field formatted map fields
+	f._AppendFieldType(func(f format) {
+		f.AppendMapFields(v, t)
+	})
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendMapFields(v reflect.Value, t reflect.Type) {
+	// Get a map iterator
+	r := v.MapRange()
+	n := v.Len()
+
+	// Get key/val types
+	kt := t.Key()
+	kv := t.Elem()
+
+	// Iterate pairs
+	for r.Next() {
+		f.SetKey().AppendInterfaceOrReflectNext(r.Key(), kt)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '=')
+		f.SetValue().AppendInterfaceOrReflectNext(r.Value(), kv)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, ' ')
+	}
+
+	// Drop last space
+	if n > 0 {
+		f.Buffer.Truncate(1)
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendStruct(v reflect.Value, t reflect.Type) {
+	// Get value type
+	f.VType = t.String()
+
+	// Append field formatted struct fields
+	f._AppendFieldType(func(f format) {
+		f.AppendStructFields(v, t)
+	})
+}
+
+func (f format) AppendStructFields(v reflect.Value, t reflect.Type) {
+	// Get field no.
+	n := v.NumField()
+
+	// Iterate struct fields
+	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
+		vfield := v.Field(i)
+		tfield := t.Field(i)
+
+		// Append field name
+		f.AppendStringKey(tfield.Name)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '=')
+		f.SetValue().AppendInterfaceOrReflectNext(vfield, tfield.Type)
+
+		// Append separator
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, ' ')
+	}
+
+	// Drop last space
+	if n > 0 {
+		f.Buffer.Truncate(1)
+	}
+}
+
+func (f format) _AppendMethodType(method func() string, i interface{}) (ok bool) {
+	// Verbose -- no methods
+	if f.Verbose() {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Catch nil type
+	if isNil(i) {
+		f.AppendNil()
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// Catch any panics
+	defer func() {
+		if r := recover(); r != nil {
+			// DON'T recurse catchPanic()
+			if f.Panic() {
+				panic(r)
+			}
+
+			// Attempt to decode panic into buf
+			f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, `!{PANIC=`...)
+			f.SetPanic().AppendInterfaceOrReflect(r)
+			f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '}')
+
+			// Ensure no further attempts
+			// to format after return
+			ok = true
+		}
+	}()
+
+	// Get method result
+	result := method()
+
+	switch {
+	// Append as key formatted
+	case f.Key():
+		f.AppendStringKey(result)
+
+	// Append as always quoted
+	case f.Value():
+		f.AppendStringQuoted(result)
+
+	// Append as-is
+	default:
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, result...)
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+// _AppendPrimitiveType is a helper to append prefix/suffix for primitives (numbers/bools/bytes/runes).
+func (f format) _AppendPrimitiveType(appendPrimitive func(format)) {
+	if f.Verbose() {
+		// Append value with type information
+		f._AppendPrimitiveTyped(appendPrimitive)
+	} else {
+		// Append simply as-is
+		appendPrimitive(f)
+	}
+}
+
+// _AppendPrimitiveTyped is a helper to append prefix/suffix for primitives (numbers/bools/bytes/runes) with their types (if deref'd).
+func (f format) _AppendPrimitiveTyped(appendPrimitive func(format)) {
+	if f.Derefs > 0 {
+		// Is deref'd, append type info
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '(')
+		f.AppendType()
+		f.Buffer.WriteString(`)(`)
+		appendPrimitive(f)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, ')')
+	} else {
+		// Simply append value
+		appendPrimitive(f)
+	}
+}
+
+// _AppendPtrType is a helper to append prefix/suffix for ptr types (with type if necessary).
+func (f format) _AppendPtrType(appendPtr func(format)) {
+	if f.Verbose() {
+		// Append value with type information
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '(')
+		f.AppendType()
+		f.Buffer.WriteString(`)(`)
+		appendPtr(f)
+		f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, ')')
+	} else {
+		// Append simply as-is
+		appendPtr(f)
+	}
+}
+
+// _AppendArray is a helper to append prefix/suffix for array-types.
+func (f format) _AppendArray(appendArray func(format)) {
+	f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '[')
+	appendArray(f)
+	f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, ']')
+}
+
+// _AppendArrayTyped is a helper to append prefix/suffix for array-types with their types.
+func (f format) _AppendArrayTyped(appendArray func(format)) {
+	f.AppendType()
+	f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '{')
+	appendArray(f)
+	f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '}')
+}
+
+// _AppendFields is a helper to append prefix/suffix for field-types (with type if necessary).
+func (f format) _AppendFieldType(appendFields func(format)) {
+	if f.Verbose() {
+		f.AppendType()
+	}
+	f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '{')
+	appendFields(f)
+	f.Buffer.B = append(f.Buffer.B, '}')
+}
+
+// byte2str returns 'c' as a string, escaping if necessary.
+func byte2str(c byte) string {
+	switch c {
+	case '\a':
+		return `\a`
+	case '\b':
+		return `\b`
+	case '\f':
+		return `\f`
+	case '\n':
+		return `\n`
+	case '\r':
+		return `\r`
+	case '\t':
+		return `\t`
+	case '\v':
+		return `\v`
+	case '\'':
+		return `\\`
+	default:
+		if c < ' ' {
+			const hex = "0123456789abcdef"
+			return `\x` +
+				string(hex[c>>4]) +
+				string(hex[c&0xF])
+		}
+		return string(c)
+	}
+}