1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
|
gitrepository-layout(5)
=======================
NAME
----
gitrepository-layout - Git Repository Layout
SYNOPSIS
--------
$GIT_DIR/*
DESCRIPTION
-----------
You may find these things in your git repository (`.git`
directory for a repository associated with your working tree, or
`<project>.git` directory for a public 'bare' repository. It is
also possible to have a working tree where `.git` is a plain
ascii file containing `gitdir: <path>`, i.e. the path to the
real git repository).
objects::
Object store associated with this repository. Usually
an object store is self sufficient (i.e. all the objects
that are referred to by an object found in it are also
found in it), but there are couple of ways to violate
it.
+
. You could populate the repository by running a commit walker
without `-a` option. Depending on which options are given, you
could have only commit objects without associated blobs and
trees this way, for example. A repository with this kind of
incomplete object store is not suitable to be published to the
outside world but sometimes useful for private repository.
. You also could have an incomplete but locally usable repository
by cloning shallowly. See linkgit:git-clone[1].
. You can be using `objects/info/alternates` mechanism, or
`$GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES` mechanism to 'borrow'
objects from other object stores. A repository with this kind
of incomplete object store is not suitable to be published for
use with dumb transports but otherwise is OK as long as
`objects/info/alternates` points at the right object stores
it borrows from.
objects/[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]::
Traditionally, each object is stored in its own file.
They are split into 256 subdirectories using the first
two letters from its object name to keep the number of
directory entries `objects` directory itself needs to
hold. Objects found here are often called 'unpacked'
(or 'loose') objects.
objects/pack::
Packs (files that store many object in compressed form,
along with index files to allow them to be randomly
accessed) are found in this directory.
objects/info::
Additional information about the object store is
recorded in this directory.
objects/info/packs::
This file is to help dumb transports discover what packs
are available in this object store. Whenever a pack is
added or removed, `git update-server-info` should be run
to keep this file up-to-date if the repository is
published for dumb transports. `git-repack` does this
by default.
objects/info/alternates::
This file records paths to alternate object stores that
this object store borrows objects from, one pathname per
line. Note that not only native Git tools use it locally,
but the HTTP fetcher also tries to use it remotely; this
will usually work if you have relative paths (relative
to the object database, not to the repository!) in your
alternates file, but it will not work if you use absolute
paths unless the absolute path in filesystem and web URL
is the same. See also 'objects/info/http-alternates'.
objects/info/http-alternates::
This file records URLs to alternate object stores that
this object store borrows objects from, to be used when
the repository is fetched over HTTP.
refs::
References are stored in subdirectories of this
directory. The `git-prune` command knows to keep
objects reachable from refs found in this directory and
its subdirectories.
refs/heads/`name`::
records tip-of-the-tree commit objects of branch `name`
refs/tags/`name`::
records any object name (not necessarily a commit
object, or a tag object that points at a commit object).
refs/remotes/`name`::
records tip-of-the-tree commit objects of branches copied
from a remote repository.
packed-refs::
records the same information as refs/heads/, refs/tags/,
and friends record in a more efficient way. See
linkgit:git-pack-refs[1].
HEAD::
A symref (see glossary) to the `refs/heads/` namespace
describing the currently active branch. It does not mean
much if the repository is not associated with any working tree
(i.e. a 'bare' repository), but a valid git repository
*must* have the HEAD file; some porcelains may use it to
guess the designated "default" branch of the repository
(usually 'master'). It is legal if the named branch
'name' does not (yet) exist. In some legacy setups, it is
a symbolic link instead of a symref that points at the current
branch.
+
HEAD can also record a specific commit directly, instead of
being a symref to point at the current branch. Such a state
is often called 'detached HEAD', and almost all commands work
identically as normal. See linkgit:git-checkout[1] for
details.
branches::
A slightly deprecated way to store shorthands to be used
to specify URL to `git-fetch`, `git-pull` and `git-push`
commands is to store a file in `branches/<name>` and
give 'name' to these commands in place of 'repository'
argument.
hooks::
Hooks are customization scripts used by various git
commands. A handful of sample hooks are installed when
`git-init` is run, but all of them are disabled by
default. To enable, they need to be made executable.
Read linkgit:githooks[5] for more details about
each hook.
index::
The current index file for the repository. It is
usually not found in a bare repository.
info::
Additional information about the repository is recorded
in this directory.
info/refs::
This file helps dumb transports discover what refs are
available in this repository. If the repository is
published for dumb transports, this file should be
regenerated by `git-update-server-info` every time a tag
or branch is created or modified. This is normally done
from the `hooks/update` hook, which is run by the
`git-receive-pack` command when you `git-push` into the
repository.
info/grafts::
This file records fake commit ancestry information, to
pretend the set of parents a commit has is different
from how the commit was actually created. One record
per line describes a commit and its fake parents by
listing their 40-byte hexadecimal object names separated
by a space and terminated by a newline.
info/exclude::
This file, by convention among Porcelains, stores the
exclude pattern list. `.gitignore` is the per-directory
ignore file. `git-status`, `git-add`, `git-rm` and
`git-clean` look at it but the core git commands do not look
at it. See also: linkgit:gitignore[5].
remotes::
Stores shorthands to be used to give URL and default
refnames to interact with remote repository to
`git-fetch`, `git-pull` and `git-push` commands.
logs::
Records of changes made to refs are stored in this
directory. See linkgit:git-update-ref[1]
for more information.
logs/refs/heads/`name`::
Records all changes made to the branch tip named `name`.
logs/refs/tags/`name`::
Records all changes made to the tag named `name`.
shallow::
This is similar to `info/grafts` but is internally used
and maintained by shallow clone mechanism. See `--depth`
option to linkgit:git-clone[1] and linkgit:git-fetch[1].
SEE ALSO
--------
linkgit:git-init[1],
linkgit:git-clone[1],
linkgit:git-fetch[1],
linkgit:git-pack-refs[1],
linkgit:git-gc[1],
linkgit:git-checkout[1],
linkgit:gitglossary[7],
link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
|
