1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
|
git-ls-files(1)
===============
v0.1, May 2005
NAME
----
git-ls-files - Information about files in the cache/working directory
SYNOPSIS
--------
'git-ls-files' [-z] [-t]
(--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed])\*
(-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k])\*
[-x <pattern>|--exclude=<pattern>]
[-X <file>|--exclude-from=<file>]
[--exclude-per-directory=<file>]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
This merges the file listing in the directory cache index with the
actual working directory list, and shows different combinations of the
two.
One or more of the options below may be used to determine the files
shown:
OPTIONS
-------
-c|--cached::
Show cached files in the output (default)
-d|--deleted::
Show deleted files in the output
-o|--others::
Show other files in the output
-i|--ignored::
Show ignored files in the output
Note the this also reverses any exclude list present.
-s|--stage::
Show stage files in the output
-u|--unmerged::
Show unmerged files in the output (forces --stage)
-k|--killed::
Show files on the filesystem that need to be removed due
to file/directory conflicts for checkout-cache to
succeed.
-z::
\0 line termination on output
-x|--exclude=<pattern>::
Skips files matching pattern.
Note that pattern is a shell wildcard pattern.
-X|--exclude-from=<file>::
exclude patterns are read from <file>; 1 per line.
--exclude-per-directory=<file>::
read additional exclude patterns that apply only to the
directory and its subdirectories in <file>.
-t::
Identify the file status with the following tags (followed by
a space) at the start of each line:
H cached
M unmerged
R removed/deleted
K to be killed
? other
Output
------
show files just outputs the filename unless '--stage' is specified in
which case it outputs:
[<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
"git-ls-files --unmerged" and "git-ls-files --stage" can be used to examine
detailed information on unmerged paths.
For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA1 pair,
the dircache records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
1, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3. This information can be used by
the user (or Cogito) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
path. (see read-cache for more information on state)
Exclude Patterns
----------------
'git-ls-files' can use a list of "exclude patterns" when
traversing the directory tree and finding files to show when the
flags --others or --ignored are specified.
These exclude patterns come from these places:
(1) command line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a single
pattern.
(2) command line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a list of
patterns stored in a file.
(3) command line flag --exclude-per-directory=<name> specifies
a name of the file in each directory 'git-ls-files'
examines, and if exists, its contents are used as an
additional list of patterns.
An exclude pattern file used by (2) and (3) contains one pattern
per line. A line that starts with a '#' can be used as comment
for readability.
The list of patterns that is in effect at a given time is
built and ordered in the following way:
* --exclude=<pattern> and lines read from --exclude-from=<file>
come at the beginning of the list of patterns, in the order
given on the command line. Patterns that come from the file
specified with --exclude-from are ordered in the same order
as they appear in the file.
* When --exclude-per-directory=<name> is specified, upon
entering a directory that has such a file, its contents are
appended at the end of the current "list of patterns". They
are popped off when leaving the directory.
Each pattern in the pattern list specifies "a match pattern" and
optionally the fate --- either a file that matches the pattern
is considered excluded or included. By default, this being
"exclude" mechanism, the fate is "excluded". A filename is
examined against the patterns in the list, and the first match
determines its fate.
A pattern specified on the command line with --exclude or read
from the file specified with --exclude-from is relative to the
top of the directory tree. A pattern read from a file specified
by --exclude-per-directory is relative to the directory that the
pattern file appears in.
An exclude pattern is of the following format:
- an optional prefix '!' which means that the fate this pattern
specifies is "include", not the usual "exclude"; the
remainder of the pattern string is interpreted according to
the following rules.
- if it does not contain a slash '/', it is a shell glob
pattern and used to match against the filename without
leading directories (i.e. the same way as the current
implementation).
- otherwise, it is a shell glob pattern, suitable for
consumption by fnmatch(3) with FNM_PATHNAME flag. I.e. a
slash in the pattern must match a slash in the pathname.
"Documentation/*.html" matches "Documentation/git.html" but
not "ppc/ppc.html". As a natural exception, "/*.c" matches
"cat-file.c" but not "mozilla-sha1/sha1.c".
An example:
$ cat .git/ignore
# ignore objects and archives, anywhere in the tree.
*.[oa]
$ cat Documentation/.gitignore
# ignore generated html files,
# except foo.html which is maintained by hand
!foo.html
*.html
$ git-ls-files --ignored \
--exclude='Documentation/*.[0-9]' \
--exclude-from=.git/ignore \
--exclude-per-directory=.gitignore
See Also
--------
link:read-cache.html[read-cache]
Author
------
Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Documentation
--------------
Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
GIT
---
Part of the link:git.html[git] suite
|
