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git-checkout(1)
===============
NAME
----
git-checkout - Checkout and switch to a branch.
SYNOPSIS
--------
'git-checkout' [-f] [-b <new_branch>] [-m] [<branch>] [<paths>...]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
When <paths> are not given, this command switches branches, by
updating the index and working tree to reflect the specified
branch, <branch>, and updating HEAD to be <branch> or, if
specified, <new_branch>.
When <paths> are given, this command does *not* switch
branches. It updates the named paths in the working tree from
the index file (i.e. it runs `git-checkout-index -f -u`). In
this case, `-f` and `-b` options are meaningless and giving
either of them results in an error. <branch> argument can be
used to specify a specific tree-ish to update the index for the
given paths before updating the working tree.
OPTIONS
-------
-f::
Force an re-read of everything.
-b::
Create a new branch and start it at <branch>.
-m::
If you have local modifications to a file that is
different between the current branch and the branch you
are switching to, the command refuses to switch
branches, to preserve your modifications in context.
With this option, a three-way merge between the current
branch, your working tree contents, and the new branch
is done, and you will be on the new branch.
+
When a merge conflict happens, the index entries for conflicting
paths are left unmerged, and you need to resolve the conflicts
and mark the resolved paths with `git update-index`.
<new_branch>::
Name for the new branch.
<branch>::
Branch to checkout; may be any object ID that resolves to a
commit. Defaults to HEAD.
EXAMPLES
--------
. The following sequence checks out the `master` branch, reverts
the `Makefile` to two revisions back, deletes hello.c by
mistake, and gets it back from the index.
+
------------
$ git checkout master <1>
$ git checkout master~2 Makefile <2>
$ rm -f hello.c
$ git checkout hello.c <3>
<1> switch branch
<2> take out a file out of other commit
<3> or "git checkout -- hello.c", as in the next example.
------------
+
If you have an unfortunate branch that is named `hello.c`, the
last step above would be confused as an instruction to switch to
that branch. You should instead write:
+
------------
$ git checkout -- hello.c
------------
. After working in a wrong branch, switching to the correct
branch you would want to is done with:
+
------------
$ git checkout mytopic
------------
+
However, your "wrong" branch and correct "mytopic" branch may
differ in files that you have locally modified, in which case,
the above checkout would fail like this:
+
------------
$ git checkout mytopic
fatal: Entry 'frotz' not uptodate. Cannot merge.
------------
+
You can give the `-m` flag to the command, which would try a
three-way merge:
+
------------
$ git checkout -m mytopic
Auto-merging frotz
------------
+
After this three-way merge, the local modifications are _not_
registered in your index file, so `git diff` would show you what
changes you made since the tip of the new branch.
. When a merge conflict happens during switching branches with
the `-m` option, you would see something like this:
+
------------
$ git checkout -m mytopic
Auto-merging frotz
merge: warning: conflicts during merge
ERROR: Merge conflict in frotz
fatal: merge program failed
------------
+
At this point, `git diff` shows the changes cleanly merged as in
the previous example, as well as the changes in the conflicted
files. Edit and resolve the conflict and mark it resolved with
`git update-index` as usual:
+
------------
$ edit frotz
$ git update-index frotz
------------
Author
------
Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Documentation
--------------
Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
GIT
---
Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
|
