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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The credential protocol can't handle values with newlines. We already
detect and block any such URLs from being used with credential helpers,
but let's also add an fsck check to detect and block gitmodules files
with such URLs. That will let us notice the problem earlier when
transfer.fsckObjects is turned on. And in particular it will prevent bad
objects from spreading, which may protect downstream users running older
versions of Git.
We'll file this under the existing gitmodulesUrl flag, which covers URLs
with option injection. There's really no need to distinguish the exact
flaw in the URL in this context. Likewise, I've expanded the description
of t7416 to cover all types of bogus URLs.
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The credential protocol can't represent newlines in values, but URLs can
embed percent-encoded newlines in various components. A previous commit
taught the low-level writing routines to die() when encountering this,
but we can be a little friendlier to the user by detecting them earlier
and handling them gracefully.
This patch teaches credential_from_url() to notice such components,
issue a warning, and blank the credential (which will generally result
in prompting the user for a username and password). We blank the whole
credential in this case. Another option would be to blank only the
invalid component. However, we're probably better off not feeding a
partially-parsed URL result to a credential helper. We don't know how a
given helper would handle it, so we're better off to err on the side of
matching nothing rather than something unexpected.
The die() call in credential_write() is _probably_ impossible to reach
after this patch. Values should end up in credential structs only by URL
parsing (which is covered here), or by reading credential protocol input
(which by definition cannot read a newline into a value). But we should
definitely keep the low-level check, as it's our final and most accurate
line of defense against protocol injection attacks. Arguably it could
become a BUG(), but it probably doesn't matter much either way.
Note that the public interface of credential_from_url() grows a little
more than we need here. We'll use the extra flexibility in a future
patch to help fsck catch these cases.
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The credential tests have a "check" function which feeds some input to
git-credential and checks the stdout and stderr. We look for exact
matches in the output. For stdout, this makes sense; the output is
the credential protocol. But for stderr, we may be showing various
diagnostic messages, or the prompts fed to the askpass program, which
could be translated. Let's mark them as such.
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The credential protocol that we use to speak to helpers can't represent
values with newlines in them. This was an intentional design choice to
keep the protocol simple, since none of the values we pass should
generally have newlines.
However, if we _do_ encounter a newline in a value, we blindly transmit
it in credential_write(). Such values may break the protocol syntax, or
worse, inject new valid lines into the protocol stream.
The most likely way for a newline to end up in a credential struct is by
decoding a URL with a percent-encoded newline. However, since the bug
occurs at the moment we write the value to the protocol, we'll catch it
there. That should leave no possibility of accidentally missing a code
path that can trigger the problem.
At this level of the code we have little choice but to die(). However,
since we'd not ever expect to see this case outside of a malicious URL,
that's an acceptable outcome.
Reported-by: Felix Wilhelm <fwilhelm@google.com>
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* maint-2.21: (42 commits)
Git 2.21.1
mingw: sh arguments need quoting in more circumstances
mingw: fix quoting of empty arguments for `sh`
mingw: use MSYS2 quoting even when spawning shell scripts
mingw: detect when MSYS2's sh is to be spawned more robustly
t7415: drop v2.20.x-specific work-around
Git 2.20.2
t7415: adjust test for dubiously-nested submodule gitdirs for v2.20.x
Git 2.19.3
Git 2.18.2
Git 2.17.3
Git 2.16.6
test-drop-caches: use `has_dos_drive_prefix()`
Git 2.15.4
Git 2.14.6
mingw: handle `subst`-ed "DOS drives"
mingw: refuse to access paths with trailing spaces or periods
mingw: refuse to access paths with illegal characters
unpack-trees: let merged_entry() pass through do_add_entry()'s errors
quote-stress-test: offer to test quoting arguments for MSYS2 sh
...
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This reverts the work-around that was introduced just for the v2.20.x
release train in "t7415: adjust test for dubiously-nested submodule
gitdirs for v2.20.x"; It is not necessary for v2.21.x.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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* maint-2.20: (36 commits)
Git 2.20.2
t7415: adjust test for dubiously-nested submodule gitdirs for v2.20.x
Git 2.19.3
Git 2.18.2
Git 2.17.3
Git 2.16.6
test-drop-caches: use `has_dos_drive_prefix()`
Git 2.15.4
Git 2.14.6
mingw: handle `subst`-ed "DOS drives"
mingw: refuse to access paths with trailing spaces or periods
mingw: refuse to access paths with illegal characters
unpack-trees: let merged_entry() pass through do_add_entry()'s errors
quote-stress-test: offer to test quoting arguments for MSYS2 sh
t6130/t9350: prepare for stringent Win32 path validation
quote-stress-test: allow skipping some trials
quote-stress-test: accept arguments to test via the command-line
tests: add a helper to stress test argument quoting
mingw: fix quoting of arguments
Disallow dubiously-nested submodule git directories
...
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In v2.20.x, Git clones submodules recursively by first creating the
submodules' gitdirs and _then_ "updating" the submodules. This can lead
to the situation where the clone path is taken because the directory
(while it exists already) is not a git directory, but then the clone
fails because that gitdir is unexpectedly already a directory.
This _also_ works around the vulnerability that was fixed in "Disallow
dubiously-nested submodule git directories", but it produces a different
error message than the one expected by the test case, therefore we
adjust the test case accordingly.
Note: as the two submodules "race each other", there are actually two
possible error messages, therefore we have to teach the test case to
expect _two_ possible (and good) outcomes in addition to the one it
expected before.
Note: this workaround is only necessary for the v2.20.x release train;
The behavior changed again in v2.21.x so that the original test case's
expectations are met again.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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* maint-2.19: (34 commits)
Git 2.19.3
Git 2.18.2
Git 2.17.3
Git 2.16.6
test-drop-caches: use `has_dos_drive_prefix()`
Git 2.15.4
Git 2.14.6
mingw: handle `subst`-ed "DOS drives"
mingw: refuse to access paths with trailing spaces or periods
mingw: refuse to access paths with illegal characters
unpack-trees: let merged_entry() pass through do_add_entry()'s errors
quote-stress-test: offer to test quoting arguments for MSYS2 sh
t6130/t9350: prepare for stringent Win32 path validation
quote-stress-test: allow skipping some trials
quote-stress-test: accept arguments to test via the command-line
tests: add a helper to stress test argument quoting
mingw: fix quoting of arguments
Disallow dubiously-nested submodule git directories
protect_ntfs: turn on NTFS protection by default
path: also guard `.gitmodules` against NTFS Alternate Data Streams
...
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* maint-2.18: (33 commits)
Git 2.18.2
Git 2.17.3
Git 2.16.6
test-drop-caches: use `has_dos_drive_prefix()`
Git 2.15.4
Git 2.14.6
mingw: handle `subst`-ed "DOS drives"
mingw: refuse to access paths with trailing spaces or periods
mingw: refuse to access paths with illegal characters
unpack-trees: let merged_entry() pass through do_add_entry()'s errors
quote-stress-test: offer to test quoting arguments for MSYS2 sh
t6130/t9350: prepare for stringent Win32 path validation
quote-stress-test: allow skipping some trials
quote-stress-test: accept arguments to test via the command-line
tests: add a helper to stress test argument quoting
mingw: fix quoting of arguments
Disallow dubiously-nested submodule git directories
protect_ntfs: turn on NTFS protection by default
path: also guard `.gitmodules` against NTFS Alternate Data Streams
is_ntfs_dotgit(): speed it up
...
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* maint-2.17: (32 commits)
Git 2.17.3
Git 2.16.6
test-drop-caches: use `has_dos_drive_prefix()`
Git 2.15.4
Git 2.14.6
mingw: handle `subst`-ed "DOS drives"
mingw: refuse to access paths with trailing spaces or periods
mingw: refuse to access paths with illegal characters
unpack-trees: let merged_entry() pass through do_add_entry()'s errors
quote-stress-test: offer to test quoting arguments for MSYS2 sh
t6130/t9350: prepare for stringent Win32 path validation
quote-stress-test: allow skipping some trials
quote-stress-test: accept arguments to test via the command-line
tests: add a helper to stress test argument quoting
mingw: fix quoting of arguments
Disallow dubiously-nested submodule git directories
protect_ntfs: turn on NTFS protection by default
path: also guard `.gitmodules` against NTFS Alternate Data Streams
is_ntfs_dotgit(): speed it up
mingw: disallow backslash characters in tree objects' file names
...
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This allows hosting providers to detect whether they are being used
to attack users using malicious 'update = !command' settings in
.gitmodules.
Since ac1fbbda2013 (submodule: do not copy unknown update mode from
.gitmodules, 2013-12-02), in normal cases such settings have been
treated as 'update = none', so forbidding them should not produce any
collateral damage to legitimate uses. A quick search does not reveal
any repositories making use of this construct, either.
Reported-by: Joern Schneeweisz <jschneeweisz@gitlab.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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* maint-2.16: (31 commits)
Git 2.16.6
test-drop-caches: use `has_dos_drive_prefix()`
Git 2.15.4
Git 2.14.6
mingw: handle `subst`-ed "DOS drives"
mingw: refuse to access paths with trailing spaces or periods
mingw: refuse to access paths with illegal characters
unpack-trees: let merged_entry() pass through do_add_entry()'s errors
quote-stress-test: offer to test quoting arguments for MSYS2 sh
t6130/t9350: prepare for stringent Win32 path validation
quote-stress-test: allow skipping some trials
quote-stress-test: accept arguments to test via the command-line
tests: add a helper to stress test argument quoting
mingw: fix quoting of arguments
Disallow dubiously-nested submodule git directories
protect_ntfs: turn on NTFS protection by default
path: also guard `.gitmodules` against NTFS Alternate Data Streams
is_ntfs_dotgit(): speed it up
mingw: disallow backslash characters in tree objects' file names
path: safeguard `.git` against NTFS Alternate Streams Accesses
...
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This is a companion patch to 'mingw: handle `subst`-ed "DOS drives"':
use the DOS drive prefix handling that is already provided by
`compat/mingw.c` (and which just learned to handle non-alphabetical
"drive letters").
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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* maint-2.15: (29 commits)
Git 2.15.4
Git 2.14.6
mingw: handle `subst`-ed "DOS drives"
mingw: refuse to access paths with trailing spaces or periods
mingw: refuse to access paths with illegal characters
unpack-trees: let merged_entry() pass through do_add_entry()'s errors
quote-stress-test: offer to test quoting arguments for MSYS2 sh
t6130/t9350: prepare for stringent Win32 path validation
quote-stress-test: allow skipping some trials
quote-stress-test: accept arguments to test via the command-line
tests: add a helper to stress test argument quoting
mingw: fix quoting of arguments
Disallow dubiously-nested submodule git directories
protect_ntfs: turn on NTFS protection by default
path: also guard `.gitmodules` against NTFS Alternate Data Streams
is_ntfs_dotgit(): speed it up
mingw: disallow backslash characters in tree objects' file names
path: safeguard `.git` against NTFS Alternate Streams Accesses
clone --recurse-submodules: prevent name squatting on Windows
is_ntfs_dotgit(): only verify the leading segment
...
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Since ac1fbbda2013 (submodule: do not copy unknown update mode from
.gitmodules, 2013-12-02), Git has been careful to avoid copying
[submodule "foo"]
update = !run an arbitrary scary command
from .gitmodules to a repository's local config, copying in the
setting 'update = none' instead. The gitmodules(5) manpage documents
the intention:
The !command form is intentionally ignored here for security
reasons
Unfortunately, starting with v2.20.0-rc0 (which integrated ee69b2a9
(submodule--helper: introduce new update-module-mode helper,
2018-08-13, first released in v2.20.0-rc0)), there are scenarios where
we *don't* ignore it: if the config store contains no
submodule.foo.update setting, the submodule-config API falls back to
reading .gitmodules and the repository-supplied !command gets run
after all.
This was part of a general change over time in submodule support to
read more directly from .gitmodules, since unlike .git/config it
allows a project to change values between branches and over time
(while still allowing .git/config to override things). But it was
never intended to apply to this kind of dangerous configuration.
The behavior change was not advertised in ee69b2a9's commit message
and was missed in review.
Let's take the opportunity to make the protection more robust, even in
Git versions that are technically not affected: instead of quietly
converting 'update = !command' to 'update = none', noisily treat it as
an error. Allowing the setting but treating it as meaning something
else was just confusing; users are better served by seeing the error
sooner. Forbidding the construct makes the semantics simpler and
means we can check for it in fsck (in a separate patch).
As a result, the submodule-config API cannot read this value from
.gitmodules under any circumstance, and we can declare with confidence
For security reasons, the '!command' form is not accepted
here.
Reported-by: Joern Schneeweisz <jschneeweisz@gitlab.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
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* maint-2.14: (28 commits)
Git 2.14.6
mingw: handle `subst`-ed "DOS drives"
mingw: refuse to access paths with trailing spaces or periods
mingw: refuse to access paths with illegal characters
unpack-trees: let merged_entry() pass through do_add_entry()'s errors
quote-stress-test: offer to test quoting arguments for MSYS2 sh
t6130/t9350: prepare for stringent Win32 path validation
quote-stress-test: allow skipping some trials
quote-stress-test: accept arguments to test via the command-line
tests: add a helper to stress test argument quoting
mingw: fix quoting of arguments
Disallow dubiously-nested submodule git directories
protect_ntfs: turn on NTFS protection by default
path: also guard `.gitmodules` against NTFS Alternate Data Streams
is_ntfs_dotgit(): speed it up
mingw: disallow backslash characters in tree objects' file names
path: safeguard `.git` against NTFS Alternate Streams Accesses
clone --recurse-submodules: prevent name squatting on Windows
is_ntfs_dotgit(): only verify the leading segment
test-path-utils: offer to run a protectNTFS/protectHFS benchmark
...
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While the only permitted drive letters for physical drives on Windows
are letters of the US-English alphabet, this restriction does not apply
to virtual drives assigned via `subst <letter>: <path>`.
To prevent targeted attacks against systems where "funny" drive letters
such as `1` or `!` are assigned, let's handle them as regular drive
letters on Windows.
This fixes CVE-2019-1351.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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On Windows, filenames cannot have trailing spaces or periods, when
opening such paths, they are stripped automatically. Read: you can open
the file `README` via the file name `README . . .`. This ambiguity can
be used in combination with other security bugs to cause e.g. remote
code execution during recursive clones. This patch series fixes that.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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Over a decade ago, in 25fe217b86c (Windows: Treat Windows style path
names., 2008-03-05), Git was taught to handle absolute Windows paths,
i.e. paths that start with a drive letter and a colon.
Unbeknownst to us, while drive letters of physical drives are limited to
letters of the English alphabet, there is a way to assign virtual drive
letters to arbitrary directories, via the `subst` command, which is
_not_ limited to English letters.
It is therefore possible to have absolute Windows paths of the form
`1:\what\the\hex.txt`. Even "better": pretty much arbitrary Unicode
letters can also be used, e.g. `ä:\tschibät.sch`.
While it can be sensibly argued that users who set up such funny drive
letters really seek adverse consequences, the Windows Operating System
is known to be a platform where many users are at the mercy of
administrators who have their very own idea of what constitutes a
reasonable setup.
Therefore, let's just make sure that such funny paths are still
considered absolute paths by Git, on Windows.
In addition to Unicode characters, pretty much any character is a valid
drive letter, as far as `subst` is concerned, even `:` and `"` or even a
space character. While it is probably the opposite of smart to use them,
let's safeguard `is_dos_drive_prefix()` against all of them.
Note: `[::1]:repo` is a valid URL, but not a valid path on Windows.
As `[` is now considered a valid drive letter, we need to be very
careful to avoid misinterpreting such a string as valid local path in
`url_is_local_not_ssh()`. To do that, we use the just-introduced
function `is_valid_path()` (which will label the string as invalid file
name because of the colon characters).
This fixes CVE-2019-1351.
Reported-by: Nicolas Joly <Nicolas.Joly@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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When creating a directory on Windows whose path ends in a space or a
period (or chains thereof), the Win32 API "helpfully" trims those. For
example, `mkdir("abc ");` will return success, but actually create a
directory called `abc` instead.
This stems back to the DOS days, when all file names had exactly 8
characters plus exactly 3 characters for the file extension, and the
only way to have shorter names was by padding with spaces.
Sadly, this "helpful" behavior is a bit inconsistent: after a successful
`mkdir("abc ");`, a `mkdir("abc /def")` will actually _fail_ (because
the directory `abc ` does not actually exist).
Even if it would work, we now have a serious problem because a Git
repository could contain directories `abc` and `abc `, and on Windows,
they would be "merged" unintentionally.
As these paths are illegal on Windows, anyway, let's disallow any
accesses to such paths on that Operating System.
For practical reasons, this behavior is still guarded by the
config setting `core.protectNTFS`: it is possible (and at least two
regression tests make use of it) to create commits without involving the
worktree. In such a scenario, it is of course possible -- even on
Windows -- to create such file names.
Among other consequences, this patch disallows submodules' paths to end
in spaces on Windows (which would formerly have confused Git enough to
try to write into incorrect paths, anyway).
While this patch does not fix a vulnerability on its own, it prevents an
attack vector that was exploited in demonstrations of a number of
recently-fixed security bugs.
The regression test added to `t/t7417-submodule-path-url.sh` reflects
that attack vector.
Note that we have to adjust the test case "prevent git~1 squatting on
Windows" in `t/t7415-submodule-names.sh` because of a very subtle issue.
It tries to clone two submodules whose names differ only in a trailing
period character, and as a consequence their git directories differ in
the same way. Previously, when Git tried to clone the second submodule,
it thought that the git directory already existed (because on Windows,
when you create a directory with the name `b.` it actually creates `b`),
but with this patch, the first submodule's clone will fail because of
the illegal name of the git directory. Therefore, when cloning the
second submodule, Git will take a different code path: a fresh clone
(without an existing git directory). Both code paths fail to clone the
second submodule, both because the the corresponding worktree directory
exists and is not empty, but the error messages are worded differently.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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It is unfortunate that we need to quote arguments differently on
Windows, depending whether we build a command-line for MSYS2's `sh` or
for other Windows executables.
We already have a test helper to verify the latter, with this patch we
can also verify the former.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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Certain characters are not admissible in file names on Windows, even if
Cygwin/MSYS2 (and therefore, Git for Windows' Bash) pretend that they
are, e.g. `:`, `<`, `>`, etc
Let's disallow those characters explicitly in Windows builds of Git.
Note: just like trailing spaces or periods, it _is_ possible on Windows
to create commits adding files with such illegal characters, as long as
the operation leaves the worktree untouched. To allow for that, we
continue to guard `is_valid_win32_path()` behind the config setting
`core.protectNTFS`, so that users _can_ continue to do that, as long as
they turn the protections off via that config setting.
Among other problems, this prevents Git from trying to write to an "NTFS
Alternate Data Stream" (which refers to metadata stored alongside a
file, under a special name: "<filename>:<stream-name>"). This fix
therefore also prevents an attack vector that was exploited in
demonstrations of a number of recently-fixed security bugs.
Further reading on illegal characters in Win32 filenames:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/fileio/naming-a-file
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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When the, say, 93rd trial run fails, it is a good idea to have a way to
skip the first 92 trials and dig directly into the 93rd in a debugger.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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On Windows, file names cannot contain asterisks nor newline characters.
In an upcoming commit, we will make this limitation explicit,
disallowing even the creation of commits that introduce such file names.
However, in the test scripts touched by this patch, we _know_ that those
paths won't be checked out, so we _want_ to allow such file names.
Happily, the stringent path validation will be guarded via the
`core.protectNTFS` flag, so all we need to do is to force that flag off
temporarily.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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When the stress test reported a problem with quoting certain arguments,
it is helpful to have a facility to play with those arguments in order
to find out whether variations of those arguments are affected, too.
Let's allow `test-run-command quote-stress-test -- <args>` to be used
for that purpose.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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On Windows, we have to do all the command-line argument quoting
ourselves. Worse: we have to have two versions of said quoting, one for
MSYS2 programs (which have their own dequoting rules) and the rest.
We care mostly about the rest, and to make sure that that works, let's
have a stress test that comes up with all kinds of awkward arguments,
verifying that a spawned sub-process receives those unharmed.
Signed-off-by: Garima Singh <garima.singh@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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We need to be careful to follow proper quoting rules. For example, if an
argument contains spaces, we have to quote them. Double-quotes need to
be escaped. Backslashes need to be escaped, but only if they are
followed by a double-quote character.
We need to be _extra_ careful to consider the case where an argument
ends in a backslash _and_ needs to be quoted: in this case, we append a
double-quote character, i.e. the backslash now has to be escaped!
The current code, however, fails to recognize that, and therefore can
turn an argument that ends in a single backslash into a quoted argument
that now ends in an escaped double-quote character. This allows
subsequent command-line parameters to be split and part of them being
mistaken for command-line options, e.g. through a maliciously-crafted
submodule URL during a recursive clone.
Technically, we would not need to quote _all_ arguments which end in a
backslash _unless_ the argument needs to be quoted anyway. For example,
`test\` would not need to be quoted, while `test \` would need to be.
To keep the code simple, however, and therefore easier to reason about
and ensure its correctness, we now _always_ quote an argument that ends
in a backslash.
This addresses CVE-2019-1350.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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Currently it is technically possible to let a submodule's git
directory point right into the git dir of a sibling submodule.
Example: the git directories of two submodules with the names `hippo`
and `hippo/hooks` would be `.git/modules/hippo/` and
`.git/modules/hippo/hooks/`, respectively, but the latter is already
intended to house the former's hooks.
In most cases, this is just confusing, but there is also a (quite
contrived) attack vector where Git can be fooled into mistaking remote
content for file contents it wrote itself during a recursive clone.
Let's plug this bug.
To do so, we introduce the new function `validate_submodule_git_dir()`
which simply verifies that no git dir exists for any leading directories
of the submodule name (if there are any).
Note: this patch specifically continues to allow sibling modules names
of the form `core/lib`, `core/doc`, etc, as long as `core` is not a
submodule name.
This fixes CVE-2019-1387.
Reported-by: Nicolas Joly <Nicolas.Joly@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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We just safe-guarded `.git` against NTFS Alternate Data Stream-related
attack vectors, and now it is time to do the same for `.gitmodules`.
Note: In the added regression test, we refrain from verifying all kinds
of variations between short names and NTFS Alternate Data Streams: as
the new code disallows _all_ Alternate Data Streams of `.gitmodules`, it
is enough to test one in order to know that all of them are guarded
against.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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Probably inspired by HFS' resource streams, NTFS supports "Alternate
Data Streams": by appending `:<stream-name>` to the file name,
information in addition to the file contents can be written and read,
information that is copied together with the file (unless copied to a
non-NTFS location).
These Alternate Data Streams are typically used for things like marking
an executable as having just been downloaded from the internet (and
hence not necessarily being trustworthy).
In addition to a stream name, a stream type can be appended, like so:
`:<stream-name>:<stream-type>`. Unless specified, the default stream
type is `$DATA` for files and `$INDEX_ALLOCATION` for directories. In
other words, `.git::$INDEX_ALLOCATION` is a valid way to reference the
`.git` directory!
In our work in Git v2.2.1 to protect Git on NTFS drives under
`core.protectNTFS`, we focused exclusively on NTFS short names, unaware
of the fact that NTFS Alternate Data Streams offer a similar attack
vector.
Let's fix this.
Seeing as it is better to be safe than sorry, we simply disallow paths
referring to *any* NTFS Alternate Data Stream of `.git`, not just
`::$INDEX_ALLOCATION`. This also simplifies the implementation.
This closes CVE-2019-1352.
Further reading about NTFS Alternate Data Streams:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-fscc/c54dec26-1551-4d3a-a0ea-4fa40f848eb3
Reported-by: Nicolas Joly <Nicolas.Joly@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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In preparation to flipping the default on `core.protectNTFS`, let's have
some way to measure the speed impact of this config setting reliably
(and for comparison, the `core.protectHFS` config setting).
For now, this is a manual performance benchmark:
./t/helper/test-path-utils protect_ntfs_hfs [arguments...]
where the arguments are an optional number of file names to test with,
optionally followed by minimum and maximum length of the random file
names. The default values are one million, 3 and 20, respectively.
Just like `sqrti()` in `bisect.c`, we introduce a very simple function
to approximation the square root of a given value, in order to avoid
having to introduce the first user of `<math.h>` in Git's source code.
Note: this is _not_ implemented as a Unix shell script in t/perf/
because we really care about _very_ precise timings here, and Unix shell
scripts are simply unsuited for precise and consistent benchmarking.
Signed-off-by: Garima Singh <garima.singh@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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The backslash character is not a valid part of a file name on Windows.
Hence it is dangerous to allow writing files that were unpacked from
tree objects, when the stored file name contains a backslash character:
it will be misinterpreted as directory separator.
This not only causes ambiguity when a tree contains a blob `a\b` and a
tree `a` that contains a blob `b`, but it also can be used as part of an
attack vector to side-step the careful protections against writing into
the `.git/` directory during a clone of a maliciously-crafted
repository.
Let's prevent that, addressing CVE-2019-1354.
Note: we guard against backslash characters in tree objects' file names
_only_ on Windows (because on other platforms, even on those where NTFS
volumes can be mounted, the backslash character is _not_ a directory
separator), and _only_ when `core.protectNTFS = true` (because users
might need to generate tree objects for other platforms, of course
without touching the worktree, e.g. using `git update-index
--cacheinfo`).
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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In addition to preventing `.git` from being tracked by Git, on Windows
we also have to prevent `git~1` from being tracked, as the default NTFS
short name (also known as the "8.3 filename") for the file name `.git`
is `git~1`, otherwise it would be possible for malicious repositories to
write directly into the `.git/` directory, e.g. a `post-checkout` hook
that would then be executed _during_ a recursive clone.
When we implemented appropriate protections in 2b4c6efc821 (read-cache:
optionally disallow NTFS .git variants, 2014-12-16), we had analyzed
carefully that the `.git` directory or file would be guaranteed to be
the first directory entry to be written. Otherwise it would be possible
e.g. for a file named `..git` to be assigned the short name `git~1` and
subsequently, the short name generated for `.git` would be `git~2`. Or
`git~3`. Or even `~9999999` (for a detailed explanation of the lengths
we have to go to protect `.gitmodules`, see the commit message of
e7cb0b4455c (is_ntfs_dotgit: match other .git files, 2018-05-11)).
However, by exploiting two issues (that will be addressed in a related
patch series close by), it is currently possible to clone a submodule
into a non-empty directory:
- On Windows, file names cannot end in a space or a period (for
historical reasons: the period separating the base name from the file
extension was not actually written to disk, and the base name/file
extension was space-padded to the full 8/3 characters, respectively).
Helpfully, when creating a directory under the name, say, `sub.`, that
trailing period is trimmed automatically and the actual name on disk
is `sub`.
This means that while Git thinks that the submodule names `sub` and
`sub.` are different, they both access `.git/modules/sub/`.
- While the backslash character is a valid file name character on Linux,
it is not so on Windows. As Git tries to be cross-platform, it
therefore allows backslash characters in the file names stored in tree
objects.
Which means that it is totally possible that a submodule `c` sits next
to a file `c\..git`, and on Windows, during recursive clone a file
called `..git` will be written into `c/`, of course _before_ the
submodule is cloned.
Note that the actual exploit is not quite as simple as having a
submodule `c` next to a file `c\..git`, as we have to make sure that the
directory `.git/modules/b` already exists when the submodule is checked
out, otherwise a different code path is taken in `module_clone()` that
does _not_ allow a non-empty submodule directory to exist already.
Even if we will address both issues nearby (the next commit will
disallow backslash characters in tree entries' file names on Windows,
and another patch will disallow creating directories/files with trailing
spaces or periods), it is a wise idea to defend in depth against this
sort of attack vector: when submodules are cloned recursively, we now
_require_ the directory to be empty, addressing CVE-2019-1349.
Note: the code path we patch is shared with the code path of `git
submodule update --init`, which must not expect, in general, that the
directory is empty. Hence we have to introduce the new option
`--force-init` and hand it all the way down from `git submodule` to the
actual `git submodule--helper` process that performs the initial clone.
Reported-by: Nicolas Joly <Nicolas.Joly@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
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As with export-marks in the previous commit, import-marks can access the
filesystem. This is significantly less dangerous than export-marks
because it only involves reading from arbitrary paths, rather than
writing them. However, it could still be surprising and have security
implications (e.g., exfiltrating data from a service that accepts
fast-import streams).
Let's lump it (and its "if-exists" counterpart) in with export-marks,
and enable the in-stream version only if --allow-unsafe-features is set.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
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The fast-import stream command "feature export-marks=<path>" lets the
stream write marks to an arbitrary path. This may be surprising if you
are running fast-import against an untrusted input (which otherwise
cannot do anything except update Git objects and refs).
Let's disallow the use of this feature by default, and provide a
command-line option to re-enable it (you can always just use the
command-line --export-marks as well, but the in-stream version provides
an easy way for exporters to control the process).
This is a backwards-incompatible change, since the default is flipping
to the new, safer behavior. However, since the main users of the
in-stream versions would be import/export-based remote helpers, and
since we trust remote helpers already (which are already running
arbitrary code), we'll pass the new option by default when reading a
remote helper's stream. This should minimize the impact.
Note that the implementation isn't totally simple, as we have to work
around the fact that fast-import doesn't parse its command-line options
until after it has read any "feature" lines from the stream. This is how
it lets command-line options override in-stream. But in our case, it's
important to parse the new --allow-unsafe-features first.
There are three options for resolving this:
1. Do a separate "early" pass over the options. This is easy for us to
do because there are no command-line options that allow the
"unstuck" form (so there's no chance of us mistaking an argument
for an option), though it does introduce a risk of incorrect
parsing later (e.g,. if we convert to parse-options).
2. Move the option parsing phase back to the start of the program, but
teach the stream-reading code never to override an existing value.
This is tricky, because stream "feature" lines override each other
(meaning we'd have to start tracking the source for every option).
3. Accept that we might parse a "feature export-marks" line that is
forbidden, as long we don't _act_ on it until after we've parsed
the command line options.
This would, in fact, work with the current code, but only because
the previous patch fixed the export-marks parser to avoid touching
the filesystem.
So while it works, it does carry risk of somebody getting it wrong
in the future in a rather subtle and unsafe way.
I've gone with option (1) here as simple, safe, and unlikely to cause
regressions.
This fixes CVE-2019-1348.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
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When we parse the --export-marks option, we don't immediately open the
file, but we do create any leading directories. This can be especially
confusing when a command-line option overrides an in-stream one, in
which case we'd create the leading directory for the in-stream file,
even though we never actually write the file.
Let's instead create the directories just before opening the file, which
means we'll create only useful directories. Note that this could change
the handling of relative paths if we chdir() in between, but we don't
actually do so; the only permanent chdir is from setup_git_directory()
which runs before either code path (potentially we should take the
pre-setup dir into account to avoid surprising the user, but that's an
orthogonal change).
The test just adapts the existing "override" test to use paths with
leading directories. This checks both that the correct directory is
created (which worked before but was not tested), and that the
overridden one is not (our new fix here).
While we're here, let's also check the error result of
safe_create_leading_directories(). We'd presumably notice any failure
immediately after when we try to open the file itself, but we can give a
more specific error message in this case.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
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Our tests confirm that providing two "import-marks" options in a
fast-import stream is an error. However, the invoked command would fail
even without covering this case, because the marks files themselves do
not actually exist. Let's create the files to make sure we fail for the
right reason (we actually do, because the option parsing happens before
we open anything, but this future-proofs our test).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
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These waste a process, and make the line longer than it needs to be.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
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The internal diff machinery can be made to read out of bounds while
looking for --funcion-context line in a corner case, which has been
corrected.
* jk/xdiff-clamp-funcname-context-index:
xdiff: clamp function context indices in post-image
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Code restructuring during 2.20 period broke fetching tags via
"import" based transports.
* fc/fetch-with-import-fix:
fetch: fix regression with transport helpers
fetch: make the code more understandable
fetch: trivial cleanup
t5801 (remote-helpers): add test to fetch tags
t5801 (remote-helpers): cleanup refspec stuff
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The commit-graph file is now part of the "files that the runtime
may keep open file descriptors on, all of which would need to be
closed when done with the object store", and the file descriptor to
an existing commit-graph file now is closed before "gc" finalizes a
new instance to replace it.
* ds/close-object-store:
packfile: rename close_all_packs to close_object_store
packfile: close commit-graph in close_all_packs
commit-graph: use raw_object_store when closing
commit-graph: extract write_commit_graph_file()
commit-graph: extract copy_oids_to_commits()
commit-graph: extract count_distinct_commits()
commit-graph: extract fill_oids_from_all_packs()
commit-graph: extract fill_oids_from_commit_hex()
commit-graph: extract fill_oids_from_packs()
commit-graph: create write_commit_graph_context
commit-graph: remove Future Work section
commit-graph: collapse parameters into flags
commit-graph: return with errors during write
commit-graph: fix the_repository reference
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"git checkout -p" needs to selectively apply a patch in reverse,
which did not work well.
* pw/add-p-recount:
add -p: fix checkout -p with pathological context
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"git interpret-trailers" always treated '#' as the comment
character, regardless of core.commentChar setting, which has been
corrected.
* jk/trailers-use-config:
interpret-trailers: load default config
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"git stash show 23" used to work, but no more after getting
rewritten in C; this regression has been corrected.
* tg/stash-ref-by-index-fix:
stash: fix show referencing stash index
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Junio C Hamano
Jeff King
Johannes Schindelin
Jonathan Nieder
Garima Singh