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When a remote server uses git-shell, the client side will
connect to it like:
ssh server "git-upload-pack 'foo.git'"
and we literally exec ("git-upload-pack", "foo.git"). In
early versions of upload-pack and receive-pack, we took a
repository argument and nothing else. But over time they
learned to accept dashed options. If the user passes a
repository name that starts with a dash, the results are
confusing at best (we complain of a bogus option instead of
a non-existent repository) and malicious at worst (the user
can start an interactive pager via "--help").
We could pass "--" to the sub-process to make sure the
user's argument is interpreted as a branch name. I.e.:
git-upload-pack -- -foo.git
But adding "--" automatically would make us inconsistent
with a normal shell (i.e., when git-shell is not in use),
where "-foo.git" would still be an error. For that case, the
client would have to specify the "--", but they can't do so
reliably, as existing versions of git-shell do not allow
more than a single argument.
The simplest thing is to simply disallow "-" at the start of
the repo name argument. This hasn't worked either with or
without git-shell since version 1.0.0, and nobody has
complained.
Note that this patch just applies to do_generic_cmd(), which
runs upload-pack, receive-pack, and upload-archive. There
are two other types of commands that git-shell runs:
- do_cvs_cmd(), but this already restricts the argument to
be the literal string "server"
- admin-provided commands in the git-shell-commands
directory. We'll pass along arbitrary arguments there,
so these commands could have similar problems. But these
commands might actually understand dashed arguments, so
we cannot just block them here. It's up to the writer of
the commands to make sure they are safe. With great
power comes great responsibility.
Reported-by: Timo Schmid <tschmid@ernw.de>
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This should be part of every program, as otherwise users do
not get translated error messages. However, some external
commands forgot to do so (e.g., git-credential-store). This
fixes them, and eliminates the repeated code in programs
that did remember to use it.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This is setup that should be done in every program for
safety, but we never got around to adding it everywhere (so
builtins benefited from the call in git.c, but any external
commands did not). Putting it in the common main() gives us
this safety everywhere.
Note that the case in daemon.c is a little funny. We wait
until we know whether we want to daemonize, and then either:
- call daemonize(), which will close stdio and reopen it to
/dev/null under the hood
- sanitize_stdfds(), to fix up any odd cases
But that is way too late; the point of sanitizing is to give
us reliable descriptors on 0/1/2, and we will already have
executed code, possibly called die(), etc. The sanitizing
should be the very first thing that happens.
With this patch, git-daemon will sanitize first, and can
remove the call in the non-daemonize case. It does mean that
daemonize() may just end up closing the descriptors we
opened, but that's not a big deal (it's not wrong to do so,
nor is it really less optimal than the case where our parent
process redirected us from /dev/null ahead of time).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Every program which links against libgit.a must call this
function, or risk hitting an assert() in system_path() that
checks whether we have configured argv0_path (though only
when RUNTIME_PREFIX is defined, so essentially only on
Windows).
Looking at the diff, you can see that putting it into the
common main() saves us having to do it individually in each
of the external commands. But what you can't see are the
cases where we _should_ have been doing so, but weren't
(e.g., git-credential-store, and all of the t/helper test
programs).
This has been an accident-waiting-to-happen for a long time,
but wasn't triggered until recently because it involves one
of those programs actually calling system_path(). That
happened with git-credential-store in v2.8.0 with ae5f677
(lazily load core.sharedrepository, 2016-03-11). The
program:
- takes a lock file, which...
- opens a tempfile, which...
- calls adjust_shared_perm to fix permissions, which...
- lazy-loads the config (as of ae5f677), which...
- calls system_path() to find the location of
/etc/gitconfig
On systems with RUNTIME_PREFIX, this means credential-store
reliably hits that assert() and cannot be used.
We never noticed in the test suite, because we set
GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM there, which skips the system_path()
lookup entirely. But if we were to tweak git_config() to
find /etc/gitconfig even when we aren't going to open it,
then the test suite shows multiple failures (for
credential-store, and for some other test helpers). I didn't
include that tweak here because it's way too specific to
this particular call to be worth carrying around what is
essentially dead code.
The implementation is fairly straightforward, with one
exception: there is exactly one caller (git.c) that actually
cares about the result of the function, and not the
side-effect of setting up argv0_path. We can accommodate
that by simply replacing the value of argv[0] in the array
we hand down to cmd_main().
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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There are certain startup tasks that we expect every git
process to do. In some cases this is just to improve the
quality of the program (e.g., setting up gettext()). In
others it is a requirement for using certain functions in
libgit.a (e.g., system_path() expects that you have called
git_extract_argv0_path()).
Most commands are builtins and are covered by the git.c
version of main(). However, there are still a few external
commands that use their own main(). Each of these has to
remember to include the correct startup sequence, and we are
not always consistent.
Rather than just fix the inconsistencies, let's make this
harder to get wrong by providing a common main() that can
run this standard startup.
We basically have two options to do this:
- the compat/mingw.h file already does something like this by
adding a #define that replaces the definition of main with a
wrapper that calls mingw_startup().
The upside is that the code in each program doesn't need
to be changed at all; it's rewritten on the fly by the
preprocessor.
The downside is that it may make debugging of the startup
sequence a bit more confusing, as the preprocessor is
quietly inserting new code.
- the builtin functions are all of the form cmd_foo(),
and git.c's main() calls them.
This is much more explicit, which may make things more
obvious to somebody reading the code. It's also more
flexible (because of course we have to figure out _which_
cmd_foo() to call).
The downside is that each of the builtins must define
cmd_foo(), instead of just main().
This patch chooses the latter option, preferring the more
explicit approach, even though it is more invasive. We
introduce a new file common-main.c, with the "real" main. It
expects to call cmd_main() from whatever other objects it is
linked against.
We link common-main.o against anything that links against
libgit.a, since we know that such programs will need to do
this setup. Note that common-main.o can't actually go inside
libgit.a, as the linker would not pick up its main()
function automatically (it has no callers).
The rest of the patch is just adjusting all of the various
external programs (mostly in t/helper) to use cmd_main().
I've provided a global declaration for cmd_main(), which
means that all of the programs also need to match its
signature. In particular, many functions need to switch to
"const char **" instead of "char **" for argv. This effect
ripples out to a few other variables and functions, as well.
This makes the patch even more invasive, but the end result
is much better. We should be treating argv strings as const
anyway, and now all programs conform to the same signature
(which also matches the way builtins are defined).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The strbuf_getline() interface allows a byte other than LF or NUL as
the line terminator, but this is only because I wrote these
codepaths anticipating that there might be a value other than NUL
and LF that could be useful when I introduced line_termination long
time ago. No useful caller that uses other value has emerged.
By now, it is clear that the interface is overly broad without a
good reason. Many codepaths have hardcoded preference to read
either LF terminated or NUL terminated records from their input, and
then call strbuf_getline() with LF or NUL as the third parameter.
This step introduces two thin wrappers around strbuf_getline(),
namely, strbuf_getline_lf() and strbuf_getline_nul(), and
mechanically rewrites these call sites to call either one of
them. The changes contained in this patch are:
* introduction of these two functions in strbuf.[ch]
* mechanical conversion of all callers to strbuf_getline() with
either '\n' or '\0' as the third parameter to instead call the
respective thin wrapper.
After this step, output from "git grep 'strbuf_getline('" would
become a lot smaller. An interim goal of this series is to make
this an empty set, so that we can have strbuf_getline_crlf() take
over the shorter name strbuf_getline().
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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It's easy to get manual allocation calculations wrong, and
the use of strcpy/strcat raise red flags for people looking
for buffer overflows (though in this case each site was
fine).
It's also shorter to use xstrfmt, and the printf-format
tends to be easier for a reader to see what the final string
will look like.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Leaving only the function definitions and declarations so that any
new topic in flight can still make use of the old functions, replace
existing uses of the prefixcmp() and suffixcmp() with new API
functions.
The change can be recreated by mechanically applying this:
$ git grep -l -e prefixcmp -e suffixcmp -- \*.c |
grep -v strbuf\\.c |
xargs perl -pi -e '
s|!prefixcmp\(|starts_with\(|g;
s|prefixcmp\(|!starts_with\(|g;
s|!suffixcmp\(|ends_with\(|g;
s|suffixcmp\(|!ends_with\(|g;
'
on the result of preparatory changes in this series.
Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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When "git" is spawned in such a way that any of the low 3 file
descriptors is closed, our first open() may yield file descriptor 2,
and writing error message to it would screw things up in a big way.
* tr/protect-low-3-fds:
git: ensure 0/1/2 are open in main()
daemon/shell: refactor redirection of 0/1/2 from /dev/null
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Both daemon.c and shell.c contain logic to open FDs 0/1/2 from
/dev/null if they are not already open. Move the function in daemon.c
to setup.c and use it in shell.c, too.
While there, remove a 'not' that inverted the meaning of the comment.
The point is indeed to *avoid* messing up.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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If I disable git-shell's interactive mode by removing the
~/git-shell-commands directory, attempts to ssh in to the service
produce a message intended for the administrator:
$ ssh git@myserver
fatal: Interactive git shell is not enabled.
hint: ~/git-shell-commands should exist and have read and execute access.
$
That is helpful for the new admin who is wondering "What? Why isn't
the git-shell I just set up working?", but once the site setup is
complete, it would be better to give the user a friendly hint that she
is on the right track, like GitHub does.
Hi <username>! You've successfully authenticated, but
GitHub does not provide shell access.
An appropriate greeting might even include more complex dynamic
information, like gitolite's list of repositories the user has access
to. Add support for a ~/git-shell-commands/no-interactive-login
command that generates an arbitrary greeting. When the user tries to
log in:
* If the file ~/git-shell-commands/no-interactive-login exists,
run no-interactive-login to let the server say what it likes,
then hang up.
* Otherwise, if ~/git-shell-commands/ is present, start an
interactive read-eval-print loop.
* Otherwise, print the usual configuration hint and hang up.
Reported-by: Ethan Reesor <firelizzard@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Improved-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Change the skeleton implementation of i18n in Git to one that can show
localized strings to users for our C, Shell and Perl programs using
either GNU libintl or the Solaris gettext implementation.
This new internationalization support is enabled by default. If
gettext isn't available, or if Git is compiled with
NO_GETTEXT=YesPlease, Git falls back on its current behavior of
showing interface messages in English. When using the autoconf script
we'll auto-detect if the gettext libraries are installed and act
appropriately.
This change is somewhat large because as well as adding a C, Shell and
Perl i18n interface we're adding a lot of tests for them, and for
those tests to work we need a skeleton PO file to actually test
translations. A minimal Icelandic translation is included for this
purpose. Icelandic includes multi-byte characters which makes it easy
to test various edge cases, and it's a language I happen to
understand.
The rest of the commit message goes into detail about various
sub-parts of this commit.
= Installation
Gettext .mo files will be installed and looked for in the standard
$(prefix)/share/locale path. GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR can also be set to
override that, but that's only intended to be used to test Git itself.
= Perl
Perl code that's to be localized should use the new Git::I18n
module. It imports a __ function into the caller's package by default.
Instead of using the high level Locale::TextDomain interface I've
opted to use the low-level (equivalent to the C interface)
Locale::Messages module, which Locale::TextDomain itself uses.
Locale::TextDomain does a lot of redundant work we don't need, and
some of it would potentially introduce bugs. It tries to set the
$TEXTDOMAIN based on package of the caller, and has its own
hardcoded paths where it'll search for messages.
I found it easier just to completely avoid it rather than try to
circumvent its behavior. In any case, this is an issue wholly
internal Git::I18N. Its guts can be changed later if that's deemed
necessary.
See <AANLkTilYD_NyIZMyj9dHtVk-ylVBfvyxpCC7982LWnVd@mail.gmail.com> for
a further elaboration on this topic.
= Shell
Shell code that's to be localized should use the git-sh-i18n
library. It's basically just a wrapper for the system's gettext.sh.
If gettext.sh isn't available we'll fall back on gettext(1) if it's
available. The latter is available without the former on Solaris,
which has its own non-GNU gettext implementation. We also need to
emulate eval_gettext() there.
If neither are present we'll use a dumb printf(1) fall-through
wrapper.
= About libcharset.h and langinfo.h
We use libcharset to query the character set of the current locale if
it's available. I.e. we'll use it instead of nl_langinfo if
HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H is set.
The GNU gettext manual recommends using langinfo.h's
nl_langinfo(CODESET) to acquire the current character set, but on
systems that have libcharset.h's locale_charset() using the latter is
either saner, or the only option on those systems.
GNU and Solaris have a nl_langinfo(CODESET), FreeBSD can use either,
but MinGW and some others need to use libcharset.h's locale_charset()
instead.
=Credits
This patch is based on work by Jeff Epler <jepler@unpythonic.net> who
did the initial Makefile / C work, and a lot of comments from the Git
mailing list, including Jonathan Nieder, Jakub Narebski, Johannes
Sixt, Erik Faye-Lund, Peter Krefting, Junio C Hamano, Thomas Rast and
others.
[jc: squashed a small Makefile fix from Ramsay]
Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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According to c6dfb39 (remote-curl: add missing initialization of
argv0_path, 2009-10-13), stand-alone programs (non-builtins)
must call git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]) in order to help builds
that derive the installation prefix at runtime. Without this call,
the program segfaults (or raises an assertion failure).
Signed-off-by: Dima Sharov <git.avalakvista@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The interface for split_cmdline has changed such that the caller holds
responsibility for printing any error messages. This patch changes
the git shell to print these error messages as appropriate.
Signed-off-by: Greg Brockman <gdb@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Update the documentation of 'git shell' to mention the interactive
mode and COMMAND_DIR. Also provide a hint when interactive mode is not
available in the shell.
Signed-off-by: Ramkumar Ramachandra <artagnon@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Greg Brockman <gdb@MIT.EDU>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Greg Brockman <gdb@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This provides a mechanism for the server to expose custom
functionality to clients. My particular use case is that I would like
a way of discovering all repositories available for cloning. A
client that clones via
git clone user@example.com
can invoke a command by
ssh user@example.com $command
Signed-off-by: Greg Brockman <gdb@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Change calls to die(..., strerror(errno)) to use the new die_errno().
In the process, also make slight style adjustments: at least state
_something_ about the function that failed (instead of just printing
the pathname), and put paths in single quotes.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This allows for example gitosis to allow use of 'git archive --remote' in a
controlled environment.
Signed-off-by: Erik Broes <erikbroes@ripe.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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* maint:
tutorial: gentler illustration of Alice/Bob workflow using gitk
pretty=format: respect date format options
make git-shell paranoid about closed stdin/stdout/stderr
Document gitk --argscmd flag.
Fix '--dirstat' with cross-directory renaming
for-each-ref: Allow a trailing slash in the patterns
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It is in general unsafe to start a program with one or more of file
descriptors 0/1/2 closed. Karl Chen for example noticed that stat_command
does this in order to rename a pipe file descriptor to 0:
dup2(from, 0);
close(from);
... but if stdin was closed (for example) from == 0, so that
dup2(0, 0);
close(0);
just ends up closing the pipe. Another extremely rare but nasty problem
would occur if an "important" file ends up in file descriptor 2, and is
corrupted by a call to die().
Fixing this in git was considered to be overkill, so this patch works
around it only for git-shell. The fix is simply to open all the "low"
descriptors to /dev/null in main.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <bonzini@gnu.org>
Acked-by: Stephen R. van den Berg <srb@cuci.nl>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This reverts commit daa0cc9a92c9c2c714aa5f7da6d0ff65b93e0698.
It was a stupid idea to do this; when run as a log-in shell,
it is spawned with argv[0] set to "-git-shell", so the usual
name-based dispatch would not work to begin with.
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This trivially makes "git-shell" a built-in. It makes the executable even
fatter, though.
And MinGW removed git-shell only because of the funny dependencies; there
is no reason to do so anymore.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Tested-on-MinGW-by: Johannes Sixt <johannes.sixt@telecom.at>
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Playing with linker games to shrink git-shell did not go well with various
other platforms and compilers.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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We will need the command invocation path in system_path(). This path was
passed to setup_path(), but system_path() can be called earlier, for
example via:
main
commit_pager_choice
setup_pager
git_config
git_etc_gitconfig
system_path
Therefore, we introduce git_set_argv0_path() and call it as soon as
possible.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Sixt <johannes.sixt@telecom.at>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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A lot of modules that have nothing to do with git-shell functionality
were linked in, bloating git-shell more than 8 times.
This patch cuts off redundant dependencies by:
1. providing stubs for three functions that make no sense for git-shell;
2. moving quote_path_fully from environment.c to quote.c to make the
later self sufficient;
3. moving make_absolute_path into a new separate file.
The following numbers have been received with the default optimization
settings on master using GCC 4.1.2:
Before:
text data bss dec hex filename
143915 1348 93168 238431 3a35f git-shell
After:
text data bss dec hex filename
17670 788 8232 26690 6842 git-shell
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This is a backport of 0a47dc110e042b5bcc63dc94c8d517e67efe9306
to 'maint' to be included in 1.5.6.2 so that older server side
can accept dashless form of request when clients are updated.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Shell currently does its own manual thing for setting up the $PATH;
it can now call setup_path().
Signed-off-by: Scott R Parish <srp@srparish.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This adds cvs support to the git-shell; You can now give new users
a restricted git-shell and they still can commit via git's cvs
emulator.
Note that either the gecos information must be accurate, or you must
provide a $HOME/.gitconfig with the appropriate user credentials.
Since the git-shell is too restricted to allow the user to do it
(on purpose!), it is up to the administrator to take care of that.
Based on an idea by Jan Wielemaker.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Lars Hjemli <hjemli@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
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This mechanically converts strncmp() to use prefixcmp(), but only when
the parameters match specific patterns, so that they can be verified
easily. Leftover from this will be fixed in a separate step, including
idiotic conversions like
if (!strncmp("foo", arg, 3))
=>
if (!(-prefixcmp(arg, "foo")))
This was done by using this script in px.perl
#!/usr/bin/perl -i.bak -p
if (/strncmp\(([^,]+), "([^\\"]*)", (\d+)\)/ && (length($2) == $3)) {
s|strncmp\(([^,]+), "([^\\"]*)", (\d+)\)|prefixcmp($1, "$2")|;
}
if (/strncmp\("([^\\"]*)", ([^,]+), (\d+)\)/ && (length($1) == $3)) {
s|strncmp\("([^\\"]*)", ([^,]+), (\d+)\)|(-prefixcmp($2, "$1"))|;
}
and running:
$ git grep -l strncmp -- '*.c' | xargs perl px.perl
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
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Mark Wooding noticed there was a type mismatch warning in git.c; this
patch does things slightly differently (mostly tightening const) and
was what I was holding onto, waiting for the setup-revisions change
to be merged into the master branch.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
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The git suite may not be in PATH (and thus programs such as
git-send-pack could not exec git-rev-list). Thus there is a need for
logic that will locate these programs. Modifying PATH is not
desirable as it result in behavior differing from the user's
intentions, as we may end up prepending "/usr/bin" to PATH.
- git C programs will use exec*_git_cmd() APIs to exec sub-commands.
- exec*_git_cmd() will execute a git program by searching for it in
the following directories:
1. --exec-path (as used by "git")
2. The GIT_EXEC_PATH environment variable.
3. $(gitexecdir) as set in Makefile (default value $(bindir)).
- git wrapper will modify PATH as before to enable shell scripts to
invoke "git-foo" commands.
Ideally, shell scripts should use the git wrapper to become independent
of PATH, and then modifying PATH will not be necessary.
[jc: with minor updates after a brief review.]
Signed-off-by: Michal Ostrowski <mostrows@watson.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
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Originally noticed by Tommi Virtanen, but done slightly differently.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
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This adds a very git specific restricted shell, that can be
added to /etc/shells and set to the pw_shell in the /etc/passwd
file, to give users ability to push into repositories over ssh
without giving them full interactive shell acount.
[jc: I updated Linus' patch to match what the current sq_quote()
does.]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
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Junio C Hamano
Jeff King
Christian Couder
Thomas Rast
Jonathan Nieder
Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
Dima Sharov
Greg Brockman
Ramkumar Ramachandra
Thomas Rast
Erik Broes
Paolo Bonzini
Johannes Sixt
Dmitry Potapov
Scott R Parish
Johannes Schindelin
Junio C Hamano
Michal Ostrowski
Linus Torvalds