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Code clean-up.
* jk/loose-object-cache-oid:
prefer "hash mismatch" to "sha1 mismatch"
sha1-file: avoid "sha1 file" for generic use in messages
sha1-file: prefer "loose object file" to "sha1 file" in messages
sha1-file: drop has_sha1_file()
convert has_sha1_file() callers to has_object_file()
sha1-file: convert pass-through functions to object_id
sha1-file: modernize loose header/stream functions
sha1-file: modernize loose object file functions
http: use struct object_id instead of bare sha1
update comment references to sha1_object_info()
sha1-file: fix outdated sha1 comment references
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The only remaining callers of has_sha1_file() actually have an object_id
already. They can use the "object" variant, rather than dereferencing
the hash themselves.
The code changes here were completely generated by the included
coccinelle patch.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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In the Git pack protocol definition, an error packet may appear only in
a certain context. However, servers can face a runtime error (e.g. I/O
error) at an arbitrary timing. This patch changes the protocol to allow
an error packet to be sent instead of any packet.
Without this protocol spec change, when a server cannot process a
request, there's no way to tell that to a client. Since the server
cannot produce a valid response, it would be forced to cut a connection
without telling why. With this protocol spec change, the server can be
more gentle in this situation. An old client may see these error packets
as an unexpected packet, but this is not worse than having an unexpected
EOF.
Following this protocol spec change, the error packet handling code is
moved to pkt-line.c. Implementation wise, this implementation uses
pkt-line to communicate with a subprocess. Since this is not a part of
Git protocol, it's possible that a packet that is not supposed to be an
error packet is mistakenly parsed as an error packet. This error packet
handling is enabled only for the Git pack protocol parsing code
considering this.
Signed-off-by: Masaya Suzuki <masayasuzuki@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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By using and sharing a packet_reader while handling a Git pack protocol
request, the same reader option is used throughout the code. This makes
it easy to set a reader option to the request parsing code.
Signed-off-by: Masaya Suzuki <masayasuzuki@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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On systems that do not support multithread, start_async() is
implemented with fork(). This implementation details unfortunately
leak out at least in send-pack.c [1].
To keep the code base clean of NO_PTHREADS, move the this #ifdef back
to run-command.c. The new wrapper function async_with_fork() at least
helps suggest that this special "close()" is related to async in fork
mode.
[1] 09c9957cf7 (send-pack: avoid deadlock when pack-object dies early
- 2011-04-25)
Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Add a repository argument to allow callers of is_repository_shallow
to be more specific about which repository to handle. This is a small
mechanical change; it doesn't change the implementation to handle
repositories other than the_repository yet.
As with the previous commits, use a macro to catch callers passing a
repository other than the_repository at compile time.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This should make these functions easier to find and cache.h less
overwhelming to read.
In particular, this moves:
- read_object_file
- oid_object_info
- write_object_file
As a result, most of the codebase needs to #include object-store.h.
In this patch the #include is only added to files that would fail to
compile otherwise. It would be better to #include wherever
identifiers from the header are used. That can happen later
when we have better tooling for it.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Convert the remaining function, feed_object, to use struct object_id.
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The packet_read_line() function will die if it sees any
protocol or socket errors. But it will return NULL for a
flush packet; some callers which are not expecting this may
dereference NULL if they get an unexpected flush. This would
involve the other side breaking protocol, but we should
flag the error rather than segfault.
Signed-off-by: Jon Simons <jon@jonsimons.org>
Reviewed-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Avoid a magic number of NULL placeholder values and a magic index by
constructing the command line for pack-objects using the embedded
argv_array of the child_process. The resulting code is shorter and
easier to extend.
Signed-off-by: Rene Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Gcc 7 adds -Wimplicit-fallthrough, which can warn when a
switch case falls through to the next case. The general idea
is that the compiler can't tell if this was intentional or
not, so you should annotate any intentional fall-throughs as
such, leaving it to complain about any unannotated ones.
There's a GNU __attribute__ which can be used for
annotation, but of course we'd have to #ifdef it away on
non-gcc compilers. Gcc will also recognize
specially-formatted comments, which matches our current
practice. Let's extend that practice to all of the
unannotated sites (which I did look over and verify that
they were behaving as intended).
Ideally in each case we'd actually give some reasons in the
comment about why we're falling through, or what we're
falling through to. And gcc does support that with
-Wimplicit-fallthrough=2, which relaxes the comment pattern
matching to anything that contains "fallthrough" (or a
variety of spelling variants). However, this isn't the
default for -Wimplicit-fallthrough, nor for -Wextra. In the
name of simplicity, it's probably better for us to support
the default level, which requires "fallthrough" to be the
only thing in the comment (modulo some window dressing like
"else" and some punctuation; see the gcc manual for the
complete set of patterns).
This patch suppresses all warnings due to
-Wimplicit-fallthrough. We might eventually want to add that
to the DEVELOPER Makefile knob, but we should probably wait
until gcc 7 is more widely adopted (since earlier versions
will complain about the unknown warning type).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Rene Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Ville Skyttä <ville.skytta@iki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Stop including config.h by default in cache.h. Instead only include
config.h in those files which require use of the config system.
Signed-off-by: Brandon Williams <bmwill@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Conversion from unsigned char [40] to struct object_id continues.
* bc/object-id:
Documentation: update and rename api-sha1-array.txt
Rename sha1_array to oid_array
Convert sha1_array_for_each_unique and for_each_abbrev to object_id
Convert sha1_array_lookup to take struct object_id
Convert remaining callers of sha1_array_lookup to object_id
Make sha1_array_append take a struct object_id *
sha1-array: convert internal storage for struct sha1_array to object_id
builtin/pull: convert to struct object_id
submodule: convert check_for_new_submodule_commits to object_id
sha1_name: convert disambiguate_hint_fn to take object_id
sha1_name: convert struct disambiguate_state to object_id
test-sha1-array: convert most code to struct object_id
parse-options-cb: convert sha1_array_append caller to struct object_id
fsck: convert init_skiplist to struct object_id
builtin/receive-pack: convert portions to struct object_id
builtin/pull: convert portions to struct object_id
builtin/diff: convert to struct object_id
Convert GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ used for allocation to GIT_MAX_RAWSZ
Convert GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ used for allocation to GIT_MAX_HEXSZ
Define new hash-size constants for allocating memory
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Since this structure handles an array of object IDs, rename it to struct
oid_array. Also rename the accessor functions and the initialization
constant.
This commit was produced mechanically by providing non-Documentation
files to the following Perl one-liners:
perl -pi -E 's/struct sha1_array/struct oid_array/g'
perl -pi -E 's/\bsha1_array_/oid_array_/g'
perl -pi -E 's/SHA1_ARRAY_INIT/OID_ARRAY_INIT/g'
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Make the internal storage for struct sha1_array use an array of struct
object_id internally. Update the users of this struct which inspect its
internals.
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Recently we started passing the "--push-options" through the
external remote helper interface; now the "smart HTTP" remote
helper understands what to do with the passed information.
* sb/push-options-via-transport:
remote-curl: allow push options
send-pack: send push options correctly in stateless-rpc case
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"git send-pack --stateless-rpc" puts each request in a sequence of pkt-lines
followed by a flush-pkt. The push option code forgot about this and sends push
options and their terminating delimiter as ordinary pkt-lines that get their
length header stripped off by remote-curl before being sent to the server.
The result is multiple malformed requests, which the server rejects.
Fortunately send-pack --stateless-rpc already is aware of this "pkt-line within
pkt-line" framing for the update commands that precede push options. Handle
push options the same way.
Helped-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Brandon Williams <bmwill@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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If our pack-objects sub-process dies of a signal, then it
likely didn't have a chance to write anything useful to
stderr. The user may be left scratching their head why the
push failed. Let's detect this situation and write something
to stderr.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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If the local pack-objects of a push fails, we'll tell the
user about it. But one likely cause is that the remote
index-pack stopped reading for some reason (because it
didn't like our input, or encountered another error). In
that case we'd expect the remote to report more details to
us via the "unpack ..." status line. However, the current
code just hangs up completely, and the user never sees it.
Instead, let's call receive_unpack_status(), which will
complain on stderr with whatever reason the remote told us.
Note that if our pack-objects fails because the connection
was severed or the remote just crashed entirely, then our
packet_read_line() call may fail with "the remote end hung
up unexpectedly". That's OK. It's a more accurate
description than what we get now (which is just "some refs
failed to push").
This should be safe from any deadlocks. At the point we make
this call we'll have closed the writing end of the
connection to the server (either by handing it off to
a pack-objects which exited, explicitly in the stateless_rpc
case, or by doing a half-duplex shutdown for a socket). So
there should be no chance that the other side is waiting
for the rest of our pack-objects input.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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When the remote tells us that the "unpack" step failed, we
show an error message. However, unless you are familiar with
the internals of send-pack and receive-pack, it was not
clear that this represented an error on the remote side.
Let's re-word to make that more obvious.
Likewise, when we got an unexpected packet from the other
end, we complained with a vague message but did not actually
show the packet. Let's fix that.
And finally, neither message was marked for translation. The
message from the remote probably won't be translated, but
there's no reason we can't do better for the local half.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This avoids repeating ourselves, and the use of magic
numbers.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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After sending the pack, we call receive_status() which gets
both the "unpack" line and the ref status. Let's break these
into two functions so we can call the first part
independently.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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d64ea0f83b ("git-compat-util: add xstrdup_or_null helper",
2015-01-12) added a handy wrapper that allows us to get a duplicate
of a string or NULL if the original is NULL, but a handful of
codepath predate its introduction or just weren't aware of it.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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* rs/use-strbuf-addstr:
use strbuf_addstr() instead of strbuf_addf() with "%s"
use strbuf_addstr() for adding constant strings to a strbuf
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Replace uses of strbuf_addf() for adding strings with more lightweight
strbuf_addstr() calls.
In http-push.c it becomes easier to see what's going on without having
to verfiy that the definition of PROPFIND_ALL_REQUEST doesn't contain
any format specifiers.
Signed-off-by: Rene Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de>
Reviewed-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This implements everything that is required on the client side to make use
of push options from the porcelain push command.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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We start a pack-objects process and then write all of the
positive and negative sha1s to it over a pipe. We do so by
formatting each item into a fixed-size buffer and then
writing each individually. This has two drawbacks:
1. There's some manual computation of the buffer size,
which is not immediately obvious is correct (though it
is).
2. We write() once per sha1, which means a lot more system
calls than are necessary.
We can solve both by wrapping the pipe descriptor in a stdio
handle; this is the same technique used by upload-pack when
serving fetches.
Note that we can also simplify and improve the error
handling here. The original detected a single write error
and broke out of the loop (presumably to avoid writing the
error message over and over), but never actually acted on
seeing an error; we just fed truncated input and took
whatever pack-objects returned.
In practice, this probably didn't matter, as the likely
errors would be caused by pack-objects dying (and we'd
probably just die with SIGPIPE anyway). But we can easily
make this simpler and more robust; the stdio handle keeps an
error flag, which we can check at the end.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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If we get an error from pack-objects, we may exit
send_pack() early, before reading the server's status
response. In such a case, we may racily see SIGPIPE from our
async demuxer (which is trying to write that status back to
us), and we'd prefer to continue pushing the error up the
call stack, rather than taking down the whole process with
signal death.
This is safe to do because our demuxer just calls
recv_sideband, whose data writes are all done with
write_or_die(), which will notice SIGPIPE.
We do also write sideband 2 to stderr, and we would no
longer die on SIGPIPE there (if it were piped in the first
place, and if the piped program went away). But that's
probably a good thing, as it likewise should not abort the
push process at all (neither immediately by signal, nor
eventually by reporting failure back to the main thread).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This fixes a deadlock on the client side when pushing a
large number of refs from a corrupted repo. There's a
reproduction script below, but let's start with a
human-readable explanation.
The client side of a push goes something like this:
1. Start an async process to demux sideband coming from
the server.
2. Run pack-objects to send the actual pack, and wait for
its status via finish_command().
3. If pack-objects failed, abort immediately.
4. If pack-objects succeeded, read the per-ref status from
the server, which is actually coming over a pipe from
the demux process started in step 1.
We run finish_async() to wait for and clean up the demux
process in two places. In step 3, if we see an error, we
want it to end early. And after step 4, it should be done
writing any data and we are just cleaning it up.
Let's focus on the error case first. We hand the output
descriptor to the server over to pack-objects. So by the
time it has returned an error to us, it has closed the
descriptor and the server has gotten EOF. The server will
mark all refs as failed with "unpacker error" and send us
back the status for each (followed by EOF).
This status goes to the demuxer thread, which relays it over
a pipe to the main thread. But the main thread never even
tries reading the status. It's trying to bail because of the
pack-objects error, and is waiting for the demuxer thread to
finish. If there are a small number of refs, that's OK; the
demuxer thread writes into the pipe buffer, sees EOF from
the server, and quits. But if there are a large number of
refs, it may block on write() back to the main thread,
leading to a deadlock (the main thread is waiting for the
demuxer to finish, the demuxer is waiting for the main
thread to read).
We can break this deadlock by closing the pipe between the
demuxer and the main thread before calling finish_async().
Then the demuxer gets a write() error and exits.
The non-error case usually just works, because we will have
read all of the data from the other side. We do close
demux.out already, but we only do so _after_ calling
finish_async(). This is OK because there shouldn't be any
more data coming from the server. But technically we've only
read to a flush packet, and a broken or malicious server
could be sending more cruft. In such a case, we would hit
the same deadlock. Closing the pipe first doesn't affect the
normal case, and means that for a cruft-sending server,
we'll notice a write() error rather than deadlocking.
Note that when write() sees this error, we'll actually
deliver SIGPIPE to the thread, which will take down the
whole process (unless we're compiled with NO_PTHREADS). This
isn't ideal, but it's an improvement over the status quo,
which is deadlocking. And SIGPIPE handling in async threads
is a bigger problem that we can deal with separately.
A simple reproduction for the error case is below. It's
technically racy (we could exit the main process and take
down the async thread with us before it even reads the
status), though in practice it seems to fail pretty
consistently.
git init repo &&
cd repo &&
# make some commits; we need two so we can simulate corruption
# in the history later.
git commit --allow-empty -m one &&
one=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
git commit --allow-empty -m two &&
two=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
# now make a ton of refs; our goal here is to overflow the pipe buffer
# when reporting the ref status, which will cause the demuxer to block
# on write()
for i in $(seq 20000); do
echo "create refs/heads/this-is-a-really-long-branch-name-$i $two"
done |
git update-ref --stdin &&
# now make a corruption in the history such that pack-objects will fail
rm -vf .git/objects/$(echo $one | sed 's}..}&/}') &&
# and then push the result
git init --bare dst.git &&
git push --mirror dst.git
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Use struct object_id in three fields in struct ref and convert all the
necessary places that use it.
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
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The client side codepaths in "git push" have been cleaned up
and the user can request to perform an optional "signed push",
i.e. sign only when the other end accepts signed push.
* db/push-sign-if-asked:
push: add a config option push.gpgSign for default signed pushes
push: support signing pushes iff the server supports it
builtin/send-pack.c: use parse_options API
config.c: rename git_config_maybe_bool_text and export it as git_parse_maybe_bool
transport: remove git_transport_options.push_cert
gitremote-helpers.txt: document pushcert option
Documentation/git-send-pack.txt: document --signed
Documentation/git-send-pack.txt: wrap long synopsis line
Documentation/git-push.txt: document when --signed may fail
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Add a new flag --sign=true (or --sign=false), which means the same
thing as the original --signed (or --no-signed). Give it a third
value --sign=if-asked to tell push and send-pack to send a push
certificate if and only if the server advertised a push cert nonce.
If not, warn the user that their push may not be as secure as they
thought.
Signed-off-by: Dave Borowitz <dborowitz@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Identify parts of the code that knows that we use SHA-1 hash to
name our objects too much, and use (1) symbolic constants instead
of hardcoded 20 as byte count and/or (2) use struct object_id
instead of unsigned char [20] for object names.
* bc/object-id:
apply: convert threeway_stage to object_id
patch-id: convert to use struct object_id
commit: convert parts to struct object_id
diff: convert struct combine_diff_path to object_id
bulk-checkin.c: convert to use struct object_id
zip: use GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ for trailers
archive.c: convert to use struct object_id
bisect.c: convert leaf functions to use struct object_id
define utility functions for object IDs
define a structure for object IDs
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The "git push --signed" protocol extension did not limit what the
"nonce" that is a server-chosen string can contain or how long it
can be, which was unnecessarily lax. Limit both the length and the
alphabet to a reasonably small space that can still have enough
entropy.
* jc/push-cert:
push --signed: tighten what the receiving end can ask to sign
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* sb/atomic-push:
send-pack: unify error messages for unsupported capabilities
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Instead of blindly trusting the receiving side to give us a sensible
nonce to sign, limit the length (max 256 bytes) and the alphabet
(alnum and a few selected punctuations, enough to encode in base64)
that can be used in nonce.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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If --signed is not supported, the error message names the remote
"receiving end". If --atomic is not supported, the error message
names the remote "server". Unify the naming to "receiving end"
as we're in the context of "push".
Signed-off-by: Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Convert struct commit_graft and necessary local parts of commit.c.
Also, convert several constants based on the hex length of an SHA-1 to
use GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ, and move several magic constants into variables for
readability.
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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"git push" has been taught a "--atomic" option that makes push to
update more than one ref an "all-or-none" affair.
* sb/atomic-push:
Document receive.advertiseatomic
t5543-atomic-push.sh: add basic tests for atomic pushes
push.c: add an --atomic argument
send-pack.c: add --atomic command line argument
send-pack: rename ref_update_to_be_sent to check_to_send_update
receive-pack.c: negotiate atomic push support
receive-pack.c: add execute_commands_atomic function
receive-pack.c: move transaction handling in a central place
receive-pack.c: move iterating over all commands outside execute_commands
receive-pack.c: die instead of error in case of possible future bug
receive-pack.c: shorten the execute_commands loop over all commands
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This adds support to send-pack to negotiate and use atomic pushes
iff the server supports it. Atomic pushes are activated by a new command
line flag --atomic.
In order to do this we also need to change the semantics for send_pack()
slightly. The existing send_pack() function actually doesn't send all the
refs back to the server when multiple refs are involved, for example
when using --all. Several of the failure modes for pushes can already be
detected locally in the send_pack client based on the information from the
initial server side list of all the refs as generated by receive-pack.
Any such refs that we thus know would fail to push are thus pruned from
the list of refs we send to the server to update.
For atomic pushes, we have to deal thus with both failures that are detected
locally as well as failures that are reported back from the server. In order
to do so we treat all local failures as push failures too.
We introduce a new status code REF_STATUS_ATOMIC_PUSH_FAILED so we can
flag all refs that we would normally have tried to push to the server
but we did not due to local failures. This is to improve the error message
back to the end user to flag that "these refs failed to update since the
atomic push operation failed."
Signed-off-by: Ronnie Sahlberg <sahlberg@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This renames ref_update_to_be_sent to check_to_send_update and inverts
the meaning of the return value. Having the return value inverted we
can have different values for the error codes. This is useful in a
later patch when we want to know if we hit the CHECK_REF_STATUS_REJECTED
case.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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When fetching into or pushing from a shallow repository, we want to
aggressively mark edges as uninteresting, since this decreases the pack
size. However, aggressively marking edges can negatively affect
performance on large non-shallow repositories with lots of refs.
Teach pack-objects a --shallow option to indicate that we're pushing
from or fetching into a shallow repository. Use
--objects-edge-aggressive only for shallow repositories and otherwise
use --objects-edge, which performs better in the general case. Update
the callers to pass the --shallow option when they are dealing with a
shallow repository.
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Allow "git push" request to be signed, so that it can be verified and
audited, using the GPG signature of the person who pushed, that the
tips of branches at a public repository really point the commits
the pusher wanted to, without having to "trust" the server.
* jc/push-cert: (24 commits)
receive-pack::hmac_sha1(): copy the entire SHA-1 hash out
signed push: allow stale nonce in stateless mode
signed push: teach smart-HTTP to pass "git push --signed" around
signed push: fortify against replay attacks
signed push: add "pushee" header to push certificate
signed push: remove duplicated protocol info
send-pack: send feature request on push-cert packet
receive-pack: GPG-validate push certificates
push: the beginning of "git push --signed"
pack-protocol doc: typofix for PKT-LINE
gpg-interface: move parse_signature() to where it should be
gpg-interface: move parse_gpg_output() to where it should be
send-pack: clarify that cmds_sent is a boolean
send-pack: refactor inspecting and resetting status and sending commands
send-pack: rename "new_refs" to "need_pack_data"
receive-pack: factor out capability string generation
send-pack: factor out capability string generation
send-pack: always send capabilities
send-pack: refactor decision to send update per ref
send-pack: move REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE logic a bit higher
...
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In order to prevent a valid push certificate for pushing into an
repository from getting replayed in a different push operation, send
a nonce string from the receive-pack process and have the signer
include it in the push certificate. The receiving end uses an HMAC
hash of the path to the repository it serves and the current time
stamp, hashed with a secret seed (the secret seed does not have to
be per-repository but can be defined in /etc/gitconfig) to generate
the nonce, in order to ensure that a random third party cannot forge
a nonce that looks like it originated from it.
The original nonce is exported as GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE for the hooks
to examine and match against the value on the "nonce" header in the
certificate to notice a replay, but returned "nonce" header in the
push certificate is examined by receive-pack and the result is
exported as GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_STATUS, whose value would be "OK"
if the nonce recorded in the certificate matches what we expect, so
that the hooks can more easily check.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Record the URL of the intended recipient for a push (after
anonymizing it if it has authentication material) on a new "pushee
URL" header. Because the networking configuration (SSH-tunnels,
proxies, etc.) on the pushing user's side varies, the receiving
repository may not know the single canonical URL all the pushing
users would refer it as (besides, many sites allow pushing over
ssh://host/path and https://host/path protocols to the same
repository but with different local part of the path). So this
value may not be reliably used for replay-attack prevention
purposes, but this will still serve as a human readable hint to
identify the repository the certificate refers to.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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With the interim protocol, we used to send the update commands even
though we already send a signed copy of the same information when
push certificate is in use. Update the send-pack/receive-pack pair
not to do so.
The notable thing on the receive-pack side is that it makes sure
that there is no command sent over the traditional protocol packet
outside the push certificate. Otherwise a pusher can claim to be
pushing one set of ref updates in the signed certificate while
issuing commands to update unrelated refs, and such an update will
evade later audits.
Finally, start documenting the protocol.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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We would want to update the interim protocol so that we do not send
the usual update commands when the push certificate feature is in
use, as the same information is in the certificate. Once that
happens, the push-cert packet may become the only protocol command,
but then there is no packet to put the feature request behind, like
we always did.
As we have prepared the receiving end that understands the push-cert
feature to accept the feature request on the first protocol packet
(other than "shallow ", which was an unfortunate historical mistake
that has to come before everything else), we can give the feature
request on the push-cert packet instead of the first update protocol
packet, in preparation for the next step to actually update to the
final protocol.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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While signed tags and commits assert that the objects thusly signed
came from you, who signed these objects, there is not a good way to
assert that you wanted to have a particular object at the tip of a
particular branch. My signing v2.0.1 tag only means I want to call
the version v2.0.1, and it does not mean I want to push it out to my
'master' branch---it is likely that I only want it in 'maint', so
the signature on the object alone is insufficient.
The only assurance to you that 'maint' points at what I wanted to
place there comes from your trust on the hosting site and my
authentication with it, which cannot easily audited later.
Introduce a mechanism that allows you to sign a "push certificate"
(for the lack of better name) every time you push, asserting that
what object you are pushing to update which ref that used to point
at what other object. Think of it as a cryptographic protection for
ref updates, similar to signed tags/commits but working on an
orthogonal axis.
The basic flow based on this mechanism goes like this:
1. You push out your work with "git push --signed".
2. The sending side learns where the remote refs are as usual,
together with what protocol extension the receiving end
supports. If the receiving end does not advertise the protocol
extension "push-cert", an attempt to "git push --signed" fails.
Otherwise, a text file, that looks like the following, is
prepared in core:
certificate version 0.1
pusher Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> 1315427886 -0700
7339ca65... 21580ecb... refs/heads/master
3793ac56... 12850bec... refs/heads/next
The file begins with a few header lines, which may grow as we
gain more experience. The 'pusher' header records the name of
the signer (the value of user.signingkey configuration variable,
falling back to GIT_COMMITTER_{NAME|EMAIL}) and the time of the
certificate generation. After the header, a blank line follows,
followed by a copy of the protocol message lines.
Each line shows the old and the new object name at the tip of
the ref this push tries to update, in the way identical to how
the underlying "git push" protocol exchange tells the ref
updates to the receiving end (by recording the "old" object
name, the push certificate also protects against replaying). It
is expected that new command packet types other than the
old-new-refname kind will be included in push certificate in the
same way as would appear in the plain vanilla command packets in
unsigned pushes.
The user then is asked to sign this push certificate using GPG,
formatted in a way similar to how signed tag objects are signed,
and the result is sent to the other side (i.e. receive-pack).
In the protocol exchange, this step comes immediately before the
sender tells what the result of the push should be, which in
turn comes before it sends the pack data.
3. When the receiving end sees a push certificate, the certificate
is written out as a blob. The pre-receive hook can learn about
the certificate by checking GIT_PUSH_CERT environment variable,
which, if present, tells the object name of this blob, and make
the decision to allow or reject this push. Additionally, the
post-receive hook can also look at the certificate, which may be
a good place to log all the received certificates for later
audits.
Because a push certificate carry the same information as the usual
command packets in the protocol exchange, we can omit the latter
when a push certificate is in use and reduce the protocol overhead.
This however is not included in this patch to make it easier to
review (in other words, the series at this step should never be
released without the remainder of the series, as it implements an
interim protocol that will be incompatible with the final one).
As such, the documentation update for the protocol is left out of
this step.
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Junio C Hamano
Jeff King
Masaya Suzuki
Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy
Stefan Beller
brian m. carlson
Jon Simons
René Scharfe
Ville Skyttä
Brandon Williams
Dave Borowitz
Ralf Thielow
Ronnie Sahlberg