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A server can end up in a state where there are lots of unreferenced
loose objects (say, because many users are doing a bunch of rebasing
and pushing their rebased branches). Running "git gc --auto" in
this state would cause a gc.log file to be created, preventing
future auto gcs, causing pack files to pile up. Since many git
operations are O(n) in the number of pack files, this would lead to
poor performance.
Git should never get itself into a state where it refuses to do any
maintenance, just because at some point some piece of the maintenance
didn't make progress.
Teach Git to ignore gc.log files which are older than (by default)
one day old, which can be tweaked via the gc.logExpiry configuration
variable. That way, these pack files will get cleaned up, if
necessary, at least once per day. And operators who find a need for
more-frequent gcs can adjust gc.logExpiry to meet their needs.
There is also some cleanup: a successful manual gc, or a
warning-free auto gc with an old log file, will remove any old
gc.log files.
It might still happen that manual intervention is required
(e.g. because the repo is corrupt), but at the very least it won't
be because Git is too dumb to try again.
Signed-off-by: David Turner <dturner@twosigma.com>
Helped-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Documentation and in-code comments updates.
* sb/in-core-index-doc:
documentation: retire unfinished documentation
cache.h: document add_[file_]to_index
cache.h: document remove_index_entry_at
cache.h: document index_name_pos
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Developer doc update.
* jk/coding-guidelines-update:
CodingGuidelines: clarify multi-line brace style
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Documentation fix.
* ad/bisect-terms:
Documentation/bisect: improve on (bad|new) and (good|bad)
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Recent update to the default abbreviation length that auto-scales
lacked documentation update, which has been corrected.
* jc/abbrev-autoscale-config:
config.abbrev: document the new default that auto-scales
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Meant eventually for 'maint'.
* ew/svn-fixes:
git-svn: document useLogAuthor and addAuthorFrom config keys
git-svn: allow "0" in SVN path components
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When looking for documentation for a specific function, you may be tempted
to run
git -C Documentation grep index_name_pos
only to find the file technical/api-in-core-index.txt, which doesn't
help for understanding the given function. It would be better to not find
these functions in the documentation, such that people directly dive into
the code instead.
In the previous patches we have documented
* index_name_pos()
* remove_index_entry_at()
* add_[file_]to_index()
in cache.h
We already have documentation for:
* add_index_entry()
* read_index()
Which leaves us with a TODO for:
* cache -> the_index macros
* refresh_index()
* discard_index()
* ie_match_stat() and ie_modified(); how they are different and when to
use which.
* write_index() that was renamed to write_locked_index
* cache_tree_invalidate_path()
* cache_tree_update()
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Doc update.
* mm/gc-safety-doc:
git-gc.txt: expand discussion of races with other processes
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Doc update on fetching and pushing.
* mm/push-social-engineering-attack-doc:
doc: mention transfer data leaks in more places
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Doc update.
* ls/filter-process:
t0021: fix flaky test
docs: warn about possible '=' in clean/smudge filter process values
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* kh/tutorial-grammofix:
doc: omit needless "for"
doc: make the intent of sentence clearer
doc: add verb in front of command to run
doc: add articles (grammar)
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* lr/doc-fix-cet:
date-formats.txt: Typo fix
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When the http server gives an incomplete response to a smart-http
rpc call, it could lead to client waiting for a full response that
will never come. Teach the client side to notice this condition
and abort the transfer.
An improvement counterproposal has failed.
cf. <20161114194049.mktpsvgdhex2f4zv@sigill.intra.peff.net>
* dt/smart-http-detect-server-going-away:
upload-pack: optionally allow fetching any sha1
remote-curl: don't hang when a server dies before any output
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A recent update to receive-pack to make it easier to drop garbage
objects made it clear that GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES cannot
have a pathname with a colon in it (no surprise!), and this in turn
made it impossible to push into a repository at such a path. This
has been fixed by introducing a quoting mechanism used when
appending such a path to the colon-separated list.
* jk/quote-env-path-list-component:
t5615-alternate-env: double-quotes in file names do not work on Windows
t5547-push-quarantine: run the path separator test on Windows, too
tmp-objdir: quote paths we add to alternates
alternates: accept double-quoted paths
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"git commit --allow-empty --only" (no pathspec) with dirty index
ought to be an acceptable way to create a new commit that does not
change any paths, but it was forbidden, perhaps because nobody
needed it so far.
* ak/commit-only-allow-empty:
commit: remove 'Clever' message for --only --amend
commit: make --only --allow-empty work without paths
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Update the error messages from the dumb-http client when it fails
to obtain loose objects; we used to give sensible error message
only upon 404 but we now forbid unexpected redirects that needs to
be reported with something sensible.
* jk/http-walker-limit-redirect:
http-walker: complain about non-404 loose object errors
http: treat http-alternates like redirects
http: make redirects more obvious
remote-curl: rename shadowed options variable
http: always update the base URL for redirects
http: simplify update_url_from_redirect
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There are some "gray areas" around when to omit braces from
a conditional or loop body. Since that seems to have
resulted in some arguments, let's be a little more clear
about our preferred style.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The following part of the description:
git bisect (bad|new) [<rev>]
git bisect (good|old) [<rev>...]
may be a bit confusing, as a reader may wonder if instead it should be:
git bisect (bad|good) [<rev>]
git bisect (old|new) [<rev>...]
Of course the difference between "[<rev>]" and "[<rev>...]" should hint
that there is a good reason for the way it is.
But we can further clarify and complete the description by adding
"<term-new>" and "<term-old>" to the "bad|new" and "good|old"
alternatives.
Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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We somehow forgot to update the "default is 7" in the
documentation. Also give a way to explicitly ask the auto-scaling
by setting config.abbrev to "auto".
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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We read lists of alternates from objects/info/alternates
files (delimited by newline), as well as from the
GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES environment variable
(delimited by colon or semi-colon, depending on the
platform).
There's no mechanism for quoting the delimiters, so it's
impossible to specify an alternate path that contains a
colon in the environment, or one that contains a newline in
a file. We've lived with that restriction for ages because
both alternates and filenames with colons are relatively
rare, and it's only a problem when the two meet. But since
722ff7f87 (receive-pack: quarantine objects until
pre-receive accepts, 2016-10-03), which builds on the
alternates system, every push causes the receiver to set
GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES internally.
It would be convenient to have some way to quote the
delimiter so that we can represent arbitrary paths.
The simplest thing would be an escape character before a
quoted delimiter (e.g., "\:" as a literal colon). But that
creates a backwards compatibility problem: any path which
uses that escape character is now broken, and we've just
shifted the problem. We could choose an unlikely escape
character (e.g., something from the non-printable ASCII
range), but that's awkward to use.
Instead, let's treat names as unquoted unless they begin
with a double-quote, in which case they are interpreted via
our usual C-stylke quoting rules. This also breaks
backwards-compatibility, but in a smaller way: it only
matters if your file has a double-quote as the very _first_
character in the path (whereas an escape character is a
problem anywhere in the path). It's also consistent with
many other parts of git, which accept either a bare pathname
or a double-quoted one, and the sender can choose to quote
or not as required.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Last time I checked, I was living in the UTC+01:00 time zone. UTC+02:00
would be Central European _Summer_ Time.
Signed-off-by: Luis Ressel <aranea@aixah.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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We've always supported these config keys in git-svn,
so document them so users won't have to respecify them
on every invocation.
Reported-by: Juergen Kosel <juergen.kosel@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Eric Wong <e@80x24.org>
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What was intended was perhaps "... plumbing does for you" ("you" added), but
simply omitting the word "for" is more terse and gets the intended point across
just as well, if not more so.
I originally went with the approach of writing "for you", but Junio C
Hamano suggested this approach instead.
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <kristoffer.haugsbakk@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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By adding the word "just", which might have been accidentally omitted.
Adding the word "just" makes it clear that the point is to *not* do an
octopus merge simply because you *can* do it. In other words, you
should have a reason for doing it beyond simply having two (seemingly)
independent commits that you need to merge into another branch, since
it's not always the best approach.
The previous sentence made it look more like it was trying to say that
you shouldn't do an octopus merge *because* you can do an octopus merge.
Although this interpretation doesn't make sense and the rest of the
paragraph makes the intended meaning clear, this adjustment should make
the intent of the sentence more immediately clear to the reader.
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <kristoffer.haugsbakk@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Instead of using the command 'git clone' as a verb, use "run" as the
verb indicating the action of executing the command 'git clone'.
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <kristoffer.haugsbakk@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Add definite and indefinite articles in three places where they were
missing.
- Use "the" in front of a directory name
- Use "the" in front of "style of cooperation"
- Use an indefinite article in front of "CVS background"
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <kristoffer.haugsbakk@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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We instruct curl to always follow HTTP redirects. This is
convenient, but it creates opportunities for malicious
servers to create confusing situations. For instance,
imagine Alice is a git user with access to a private
repository on Bob's server. Mallory runs her own server and
wants to access objects from Bob's repository.
Mallory may try a few tricks that involve asking Alice to
clone from her, build on top, and then push the result:
1. Mallory may simply redirect all fetch requests to Bob's
server. Git will transparently follow those redirects
and fetch Bob's history, which Alice may believe she
got from Mallory. The subsequent push seems like it is
just feeding Mallory back her own objects, but is
actually leaking Bob's objects. There is nothing in
git's output to indicate that Bob's repository was
involved at all.
The downside (for Mallory) of this attack is that Alice
will have received Bob's entire repository, and is
likely to notice that when building on top of it.
2. If Mallory happens to know the sha1 of some object X in
Bob's repository, she can instead build her own history
that references that object. She then runs a dumb http
server, and Alice's client will fetch each object
individually. When it asks for X, Mallory redirects her
to Bob's server. The end result is that Alice obtains
objects from Bob, but they may be buried deep in
history. Alice is less likely to notice.
Both of these attacks are fairly hard to pull off. There's a
social component in getting Mallory to convince Alice to
work with her. Alice may be prompted for credentials in
accessing Bob's repository (but not always, if she is using
a credential helper that caches). Attack (1) requires a
certain amount of obliviousness on Alice's part while making
a new commit. Attack (2) requires that Mallory knows a sha1
in Bob's repository, that Bob's server supports dumb http,
and that the object in question is loose on Bob's server.
But we can probably make things a bit more obvious without
any loss of functionality. This patch does two things to
that end.
First, when we encounter a whole-repo redirect during the
initial ref discovery, we now inform the user on stderr,
making attack (1) much more obvious.
Second, the decision to follow redirects is now
configurable. The truly paranoid can set the new
http.followRedirects to false to avoid any redirection
entirely. But for a more practical default, we will disallow
redirects only after the initial ref discovery. This is
enough to thwart attacks similar to (2), while still
allowing the common use of redirects at the repository
level. Since c93c92f30 (http: update base URLs when we see
redirects, 2013-09-28) we re-root all further requests from
the redirect destination, which should generally mean that
no further redirection is necessary.
As an escape hatch, in case there really is a server that
needs to redirect individual requests, the user can set
http.followRedirects to "true" (and this can be done on a
per-server basis via http.*.followRedirects config).
Reported-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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A pathname value in a clean/smudge filter process "key=value" pair can
contain the '=' character (introduced in edcc858). Make the user aware
of this issue in the docs, add a corresponding test case, and fix the
issue in filter process value parser of the example implementation in
contrib.
Signed-off-by: Lars Schneider <larsxschneider@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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--only is implied when paths are present, and required
them unless --amend. But with --allow-empty it should
be allowed as well - it is the only way to create an
empty commit in the presence of staged changes.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Krey <a.krey@gmx.de>
Reviewed-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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* maint-2.10:
preparing for 2.10.3
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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Typofix.
* nd/worktree-lock:
git-worktree.txt: fix typo "to"/"two", and add comma
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Doc fix.
* ps/common-info-doc:
doc: fix location of 'info/' with $GIT_COMMON_DIR
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Documentation fix.
* sc/fmt-merge-msg-doc-markup-fix:
Documentation/fmt-merge-msg: fix markup in example
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Documentation fix.
* jk/rebase-config-insn-fmt-docfix:
doc: fix missing "::" in config list
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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Marc Branchaud <marcnarc@xiplink.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Doc update.
* jt/trailer-with-cruft:
doc: mention user-configured trailers
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In commit 1462450 ("trailer: allow non-trailers in trailer block",
2016-10-21), functionality was added (and tested [1]) to allow
non-trailer lines in trailer blocks, as long as those blocks contain at
least one Git-generated or user-configured trailer, and consists of at
least 25% trailers. The documentation was updated to mention this new
functionality, but did not mention "user-configured trailer".
Further update the documentation to also mention "user-configured
trailer".
[1] "with non-trailer lines mixed with a configured trailer" in
t/t7513-interpret-trailers.sh
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Tan <jonathantanmy@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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It seems a little silly to do a reachabilty check in the case where we
trust the user to access absolutely everything in the repository.
Also, it's racy in a distributed system -- perhaps one server
advertises a ref, but another has since had a force-push to that ref,
and perhaps the two HTTP requests end up directed to these different
servers.
Signed-off-by: David Turner <dturner@twosigma.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Typofix.
* nd/worktree-lock:
git-worktree.txt: fix typo "to"/"two", and add comma
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In general, "git gc" may delete objects that another concurrent process
is using but hasn't created a reference to. Git has some mitigations,
but they fall short of a complete solution. Document this in the
git-gc(1) man page and add a reference from the documentation of the
gc.pruneExpire config variable.
Based on a write-up by Jeff King:
http://marc.info/?l=git&m=147922960131779&w=2
Signed-off-by: Matt McCutchen <matt@mattmccutchen.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The "SECURITY" section of the gitnamespaces(7) man page described two
ways for a client to steal data from a server that wasn't intended to be
shared. Similar attacks can be performed by a server on a client, so
adapt the section to cover both directions and add it to the
git-fetch(1), git-pull(1), and git-push(1) man pages. Also add
references to this section from the documentation of server
configuration options that attempt to control data leakage but may not
be fully effective.
Signed-off-by: Matt McCutchen <matt@mattmccutchen.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Ben North <ben@redfrontdoor.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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David Turner
Junio C Hamano
Stefan Beller
Jeff King
Christian Couder
Luis Ressel
Eric Wong
Kristoffer Haugsbakk
Lars Schneider
Andreas Krey
Marc Branchaud
Jonathan Tan
Matt McCutchen
Ben North