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2021-01-25The fourth batchLibravatar Junio C Hamano1-0/+57
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-25Merge branch 'ab/mailmap-fixup'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-1/+1
Follow-up fixes and improvements to ab/mailmap topic. * ab/mailmap-fixup: t4203: make blame output massaging more robust mailmap doc: use correct environment variable 'GIT_WORK_TREE' t4203: stop losing return codes of git commands test-lib-functions.sh: fix usage for test_commit()
2021-01-25Merge branch 'ps/config-env-pairs'Libravatar Junio C Hamano2-1/+39
Introduce two new ways to feed configuration variable-value pairs via environment variables, and tweak the way GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS encodes variable/value pairs to make it more robust. * ps/config-env-pairs: config: allow specifying config entries via envvar pairs environment: make `getenv_safe()` a public function config: store "git -c" variables using more robust format config: parse more robust format in GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS config: extract function to parse config pairs quote: make sq_dequote_step() a public function config: add new way to pass config via `--config-env` git: add `--super-prefix` to usage string
2021-01-25Merge branch 'ab/mailmap'Libravatar Junio C Hamano6-82/+134
Clean-up docs, codepaths and tests around mailmap. * ab/mailmap: (22 commits) shortlog: remove unused(?) "repo-abbrev" feature mailmap doc + tests: document and test for case-insensitivity mailmap tests: add tests for empty "<>" syntax mailmap tests: add tests for whitespace syntax mailmap tests: add a test for comment syntax mailmap doc + tests: add better examples & test them tests: refactor a few tests to use "test_commit --append" test-lib functions: add an --append option to test_commit test-lib functions: add --author support to test_commit test-lib functions: document arguments to test_commit test-lib functions: expand "test_commit" comment template mailmap: test for silent exiting on missing file/blob mailmap tests: get rid of overly complex blame fuzzing mailmap tests: add a test for "not a blob" error mailmap tests: remove redundant entry in test mailmap tests: improve --stdin tests mailmap tests: modernize syntax & test idioms mailmap tests: use our preferred whitespace syntax mailmap doc: start by mentioning the comment syntax check-mailmap doc: note config options ...
2021-01-25Merge branch 'ps/fetch-atomic'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-0/+4
"git fetch" learns to treat ref updates atomically in all-or-none fashion, just like "git push" does, with the new "--atomic" option. * ps/fetch-atomic: fetch: implement support for atomic reference updates fetch: allow passing a transaction to `s_update_ref()` fetch: refactor `s_update_ref` to use common exit path fetch: use strbuf to format FETCH_HEAD updates fetch: extract writing to FETCH_HEAD
2021-01-25Merge branch 'sj/untracked-files-in-submodule-directory-is-not-dirty'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-0/+2
"git diff" showed a submodule working tree with untracked cruft as "Submodule commit <objectname>-dirty", but a natural expectation is that the "-dirty" indicator would align with "git describe --dirty", which does not consider having untracked files in the working tree as source of dirtiness. The inconsistency has been fixed. * sj/untracked-files-in-submodule-directory-is-not-dirty: diff: do not show submodule with untracked files as "-dirty"
2021-01-25Merge branch 'ab/mktag'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-6/+33
"git mktag" validates its input using its own rules before writing a tag object---it has been updated to share the logic with "git fsck". * ab/mktag: (23 commits) mktag: add a --[no-]strict option mktag: mark strings for translation mktag: convert to parse-options mktag: allow omitting the header/body \n separator mktag: allow turning off fsck.extraHeaderEntry fsck: make fsck_config() re-usable mktag: use fsck instead of custom verify_tag() mktag: use puts(str) instead of printf("%s\n", str) mktag: remove redundant braces in one-line body "if" mktag: use default strbuf_read() hint mktag tests: test verify_object() with replaced objects mktag tests: improve verify_object() test coverage mktag tests: test "hash-object" compatibility mktag tests: stress test whitespace handling mktag tests: run "fsck" after creating "mytag" mktag tests: don't create "mytag" twice mktag tests: don't redirect stderr to a file needlessly mktag tests: remove needless SHA-1 hardcoding mktag tests: use "test_commit" helper mktag tests: don't needlessly use a subshell ...
2021-01-15The third batchLibravatar Junio C Hamano1-0/+30
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-15Merge branch 'tb/local-clone-race-doc'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-0/+4
Doc update. * tb/local-clone-race-doc: Documentation/git-clone.txt: document race with --local
2021-01-15Merge branch 'bc/doc-status-short'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-8/+20
Doc update. * bc/doc-status-short: docs: rephrase and clarify the git status --short format
2021-01-15Merge branch 'ug/doc-lose-dircache'Libravatar Junio C Hamano2-6/+4
Doc update. * ug/doc-lose-dircache: doc: remove "directory cache" from man pages
2021-01-15Merge branch 'vv/send-email-with-less-secure-apps-access'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-1/+5
Doc update. * vv/send-email-with-less-secure-apps-access: git-send-email.txt: mention less secure app access with Gmail
2021-01-15Merge branch 'jc/sign-off'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-1/+1
Doc update. * jc/sign-off: SubmittingPatches: tighten wording on "sign-off" procedure
2021-01-15Merge branch 'ds/maintenance-part-4'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-0/+116
Follow-up on the "maintenance part-3" which introduced scheduled maintenance tasks to support platforms whose native scheduling methods are not 'cron'. * ds/maintenance-part-4: maintenance: use Windows scheduled tasks maintenance: use launchctl on macOS maintenance: include 'cron' details in docs maintenance: extract platform-specific scheduling
2021-01-15The second batchLibravatar Junio C Hamano1-0/+29
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-15Merge branch 'ma/doc-pack-format-varint-for-sizes'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-1/+16
Doc update. * ma/doc-pack-format-varint-for-sizes: pack-format.txt: document sizes at start of delta data
2021-01-15Merge branch 'pb/doc-modules-git-work-tree-typofix'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-15/+15
Doc fix. * pb/doc-modules-git-work-tree-typofix: gitmodules.txt: fix 'GIT_WORK_TREE' variable name
2021-01-15Merge branch 'ta/doc-typofix'Libravatar Junio C Hamano6-7/+7
Doc fix. * ta/doc-typofix: doc: fix some typos
2021-01-15Merge branch 'bc/rev-parse-path-format'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-30/+44
"git rev-parse" can be explicitly told to give output as absolute or relative path with the `--path-format=(absolute|relative)` option. * bc/rev-parse-path-format: rev-parse: add option for absolute or relative path formatting abspath: add a function to resolve paths with missing components
2021-01-15Merge branch 'ew/decline-core-abbrev'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-0/+2
The configuration variable 'core.abbrev' can be set to 'no' to force no abbreviation regardless of the hash algorithm. * ew/decline-core-abbrev: core.abbrev=no disables abbreviations
2021-01-15config: allow specifying config entries via envvar pairsLibravatar Patrick Steinhardt1-0/+16
While we currently have the `GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS` environment variable which can be used to pass runtime configuration data to git processes, it's an internal implementation detail and not supposed to be used by end users. Next to being for internal use only, this way of passing config entries has a major downside: the config keys need to be parsed as they contain both key and value in a single variable. As such, it is left to the user to escape any potentially harmful characters in the value, which is quite hard to do if values are controlled by a third party. This commit thus adds a new way of adding config entries via the environment which gets rid of this shortcoming. If the user passes the `GIT_CONFIG_COUNT=$n` environment variable, Git will parse environment variable pairs `GIT_CONFIG_KEY_$i` and `GIT_CONFIG_VALUE_$i` for each `i` in `[0,n)`. While the same can be achieved with `git -c <name>=<value>`, one may wish to not do so for potentially sensitive information. E.g. if one wants to set `http.extraHeader` to contain an authentication token, doing so via `-c` would trivially leak those credentials via e.g. ps(1), which typically also shows command arguments. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-14mailmap doc: use correct environment variable 'GIT_WORK_TREE'Libravatar Philippe Blain1-1/+1
gitmailmap(5) uses 'GIT_WORK_DIR' to refer to the root of the repository, but this environment variable does not exist. Use the correct spelling for that variable, 'GIT_WORK_TREE'. Signed-off-by: Philippe Blain <levraiphilippeblain@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-12mailmap doc + tests: document and test for case-insensitivityLibravatar Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason1-0/+5
Add documentation and more tests for case-insensitivity. The existing test only matched on the E-Mail part, but as shown here we also match the name with strcasecmp(). This behavior was last discussed on the mailing list in the thread starting at [1]. It seems we're keeping it like this, so let's document it. 1. https://lore.kernel.org/git/87czykvg19.fsf@evledraar.gmail.com/ Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-12mailmap doc + tests: add better examples & test themLibravatar Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason1-20/+29
Change the mailmap documentation added in 0925ce4d49 (Add map_user() and clear_mailmap() to mailmap, 2009-02-08) to continue discussing the Jane/Joe example. I think this makes things a lot less confusing as we're building up more complex examples using one set of data which covers all the things we'd like to discuss. Also add tests to assert that what our documentation says is what's actually happening. This is mostly (or entirely) covered by existing tests which I'm not deleting, but having these tests for the synopsis makes it easier to follow-along while reading the tests & docs. Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-12mailmap doc: start by mentioning the comment syntaxLibravatar Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason1-2/+3
Mentioning the comment syntax and blank line support first is in line with how "git help config" describes its format. See b8936cf060 (config.txt grammar, typo, and asciidoc fixes, 2006-06-08) for the paragraph I'm copying & amending from its documentation. Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-12check-mailmap doc: note config optionsLibravatar Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason1-0/+7
Add a passing mention of the mailmap.file and mailmap.blob configuration options. Before this addition a reader of the "check-mailmap" manpage would have no idea that a custom map could be specified, unless they'd happen to e.g. come across it in the "config" manpage first. Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-12mailmap doc: quote config variables `like.this`Libravatar Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason1-2/+2
Quote the mailmap.file and mailmap.blob configuration variables as `mailmap.file` and `mailmap.blob`, and link to git-config(1). This is in line with the preferred way of doing this in the rest of our documentation. Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-12mailmap doc: create a new "gitmailmap(5)" man pageLibravatar Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason5-7/+37
Create a gitmailmap(5) page similar to how .gitmodules and .gitignore have their own pages at gitmodules(5) and gitignore(5). Now instead of "check-mailmap", "blame" and "shortlog" documentation including the description of the format we link to one canonical place. This makes things easier for readers, since in our manpage or web-based[1] output it's not clear that the "MAPPING AUTHORS" sections aren't subtly different, as opposed to just included. 1. https://git-scm.com/docs/git-check-mailmap Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-12fetch: implement support for atomic reference updatesLibravatar Patrick Steinhardt1-0/+4
When executing a fetch, then git will currently allocate one reference transaction per reference update and directly commit it. This means that fetches are non-atomic: even if some of the reference updates fail, others may still succeed and modify local references. This is fine in many scenarios, but this strategy has its downsides. - The view of remote references may be inconsistent and may show a bastardized state of the remote repository. - Batching together updates may improve performance in certain scenarios. While the impact probably isn't as pronounced with loose references, the upcoming reftable backend may benefit as it needs to write less files in case the update is batched. - The reference-update hook is currently being executed twice per updated reference. While this doesn't matter when there is no such hook, we have seen severe performance regressions when doing a git-fetch(1) with reference-transaction hook when the remote repository has hundreds of thousands of references. Similar to `git push --atomic`, this commit thus introduces atomic fetches. Instead of allocating one reference transaction per updated reference, it causes us to only allocate a single transaction and commit it as soon as all updates were received. If locking of any reference fails, then we abort the complete transaction and don't update any reference, which gives us an all-or-nothing fetch. Note that this may not completely fix the first of above downsides, as the consistent view also depends on the server-side. If the server doesn't have a consistent view of its own references during the reference negotiation phase, then the client would get the same inconsistent view the server has. This is a separate problem though and, if it actually exists, can be fixed at a later point. This commit also changes the way we write FETCH_HEAD in case `--atomic` is passed. Instead of writing changes as we go, we need to accumulate all changes first and only commit them at the end when we know that all reference updates succeeded. Ideally, we'd just do so via a temporary file so that we don't need to carry all updates in-memory. This isn't trivially doable though considering the `--append` mode, where we do not truncate the file but simply append to it. And given that we support concurrent processes appending to FETCH_HEAD at the same time without any loss of data, seeding the temporary file with current contents of FETCH_HEAD initially and then doing a rename wouldn't work either. So this commit implements the simple strategy of buffering all changes and appending them to the file on commit. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-12config: add new way to pass config via `--config-env`Libravatar Patrick Steinhardt1-1/+23
While it's already possible to pass runtime configuration via `git -c <key>=<value>`, it may be undesirable to use when the value contains sensitive information. E.g. if one wants to set `http.extraHeader` to contain an authentication token, doing so via `-c` would trivially leak those credentials via e.g. ps(1), which typically also shows command arguments. To enable this usecase without leaking credentials, this commit introduces a new switch `--config-env=<key>=<envvar>`. Instead of directly passing a value for the given key, it instead allows the user to specify the name of an environment variable. The value of that variable will then be used as value of the key. Co-authored-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-11Documentation/git-clone.txt: document race with --localLibravatar Taylor Blau1-0/+4
When running 'git clone --local', the operation may fail if another process is modifying the source repository. Document that this race condition is known to hopefully help anyone who may run into it. Suggested-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-11docs: rephrase and clarify the git status --short formatLibravatar brian m. carlson1-8/+20
The table describing the porcelain format in git-status(1) is helpful, but it's not completely clear what the three sections mean, even to some contributors. As a result, users are unable to find how to detect common cases like merge conflicts programmatically. Let's improve this situation by rephrasing to be more explicit about what each of the sections in the table means, to tell users in plain language which cases are occurring, and to describe what "unmerged" means. Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-09doc: remove "directory cache" from man pagesLibravatar Utku Gultopu2-6/+4
"directory cache" (or "directory cache index", "cache") are obsolete terms which have been superseded by "index". Keeping them in the documentation may be a source of confusion. This commit replaces them with the current term, "index", on man pages. Signed-off-by: Utku Gultopu <ugultopu@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-07git-send-email.txt: mention less secure app access with GmailLibravatar Vasyl Vavrychuk1-1/+5
Google may have changed Gmail security and now less secure app access needs to be explicitly enabled if two-factor authentication is not in place, otherwise send-email fails with: 5.7.8 Username and Password not accepted. Learn more at 5.7.8 https://support.google.com/mail/?p=BadCredentials Document steps required to make this work. Signed-off-by: Vasyl Vavrychuk <vvavrychuk@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> [dl: Clean up commit message and incorporate suggestions into patch.] Signed-off-by: Denton Liu <liu.denton@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-07SubmittingPatches: tighten wording on "sign-off" procedureLibravatar Junio C Hamano1-1/+1
The text says "if you can certify DCO then you add a Signed-off-by trailer". But it does not say anything about people who cannot or do not want to certify. A natural reading may be that if you do not certify, you must not add the trailer, but it shouldn't hurt to be overly explicit. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-06The first batch in 2.31 cycleLibravatar Junio C Hamano1-0/+32
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-06Merge branch 'es/worktree-repair-both-moved'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-0/+5
"git worktree repair" learned to deal with the case where both the repository and the worktree moved. * es/worktree-repair-both-moved: worktree: teach `repair` to fix multi-directional breakage
2021-01-06Merge branch 'ab/trailers-extra-format'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-14/+20
The "--format=%(trailers)" mechanism gets enhanced to make it easier to design output for machine consumption. * ab/trailers-extra-format: pretty format %(trailers): add a "key_value_separator" pretty format %(trailers): add a "keyonly" pretty-format %(trailers): fix broken standalone "valueonly" pretty format %(trailers) doc: avoid repetition pretty format %(trailers) test: split a long line
2021-01-06mktag: add a --[no-]strict optionLibravatar Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason1-0/+8
Now that mktag has been migrated to use the fsck machinery to check its input, it makes sense to teach it to run in the equivalent of "git fsck"'s default mode. For cases where mktag is used to (re)create a tag object using data from an existing and malformed tag object, the validation may optionally have to be loosened. Teach the command to take the "--[no-]strict" option to do so. Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-05mktag: allow turning off fsck.extraHeaderEntryLibravatar Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason1-1/+4
In earlier commits mktag learned to use the fsck machinery, at which point we needed to add fsck.extraHeaderEntry so it could be as strict about extra headers as it's been ever since it was implemented. But it's not nice to need to switch away from "mktag" to "hash-object" + manual "fsck" just because you'd like to have an extra header. So let's support turning it off by getting "fsck.*" variables from the config. Pedantically speaking it's still not possible to make "mktag" behave just like "hash-object -t tag" does, since we're unconditionally going to check the referenced object in verify_object_in_tag(), which is our own check, and not one that exists in fsck.c. But the spirit of "this works like fsck" is preserved, in that if you created such a tag with "hash-object" and did a full "fsck" on the repository it would also error out about that invalid object, it just wouldn't emit the same message as fsck does. Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-05mktag: use fsck instead of custom verify_tag()Libravatar Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason1-1/+8
Change the validation logic in "mktag" to use fsck's fsck_tag() instead of its own custom parser. Curiously the logic for both dates back to the same commit[1]. Let's unify them so we're not maintaining two sets functions to verify that a tag is OK. The behavior of fsck_tag() and the old "mktag" code being removed here is different in few aspects. I think it makes sense to remove some of those checks, namely: A. fsck only cares that the timezone matches [-+][0-9]{4}. The mktag code disallowed values larger than 1400. Yes there's currently no timezone with a greater offset[2], but since we allow any number of non-offical timezones (e.g. +1234) passing this through seems fine. Git also won't break in the future if e.g. French Polynesia decides it needs to outdo the Line Islands when it comes to timezone extravagance. B. fsck allows missing author names such as "tagger <email>", mktag wouldn't, but would allow e.g. "tagger [2 spaces] <email>" (but not "tagger [1 space] <email>"). Now we allow all of these. C. Like B, but "mktag" disallowed spaces in the <email> part, fsck allows it. In some ways fsck_tag() is stricter than "mktag" was, namely: D. fsck disallows zero-padded dates, but mktag didn't care. So e.g. the timestamp "0000000000 +0000" produces an error now. A test in "t1006-cat-file.sh" relied on this, it's been changed to use "hash-object" (without fsck) instead. There was one check I deemed worth keeping by porting it over to fsck_tag(): E. "mktag" did not allow any custom headers, and by extension (as an empty commit is allowed) also forbade an extra stray trailing newline after the headers it knew about. Add a new check in the "ignore" category to fsck and use it. This somewhat abuses the facility added in efaba7cc77f (fsck: optionally ignore specific fsck issues completely, 2015-06-22). This is somewhat of hack, but probably the least invasive change we can make here. The fsck command will shuffle these categories around, e.g. under --strict the "info" becomes a "warn" and "warn" becomes "error". Existing users of fsck's (and others, e.g. index-pack) --strict option rely on this. So we need to put something into a category that'll be ignored by all existing users of the API. Pretending that fsck.extraHeaderEntry=error ("ignore" by default) was set serves to do this for us. 1. ec4465adb38 (Add "tag" objects that can be used to sign other objects., 2005-04-25) 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_UTC_time_offsets Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-05mktag doc: update to explain why to use thisLibravatar Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason1-4/+13
Change the mktag documentation to compare itself to the similar "hash-object -t tag" command. Before this someone reading the documentation wouldn't have much of an idea what the difference was. Let's allude to our own validation logic, and cross-link the "mktag" and "hash-object" documentation to aid discover-ability. A follow-up change to migrate "mktag" to use "fsck" validation will make the part about validation logic clearer. Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-05maintenance: use Windows scheduled tasksLibravatar Derrick Stolee1-0/+22
Git's background maintenance uses cron by default, but this is not available on Windows. Instead, integrate with Task Scheduler. Tasks can be scheduled using the 'schtasks' command. There are several command-line options that can allow for some advanced scheduling, but unfortunately these seem to all require authenticating using a password. Instead, use the "/xml" option to pass an XML file that contains the configuration for the necessary schedule. These XML files are based on some that I exported after constructing a schedule in the Task Scheduler GUI. These options only run background maintenance when the user is logged in, and more fields are populated with the current username and SID at run-time by 'schtasks'. Since the GIT_TEST_MAINT_SCHEDULER environment variable allows us to specify 'schtasks' as the scheduler, we can test the Windows-specific logic on other platforms. Thus, add a check that the XML file written by Git is valid when xmllint exists on the system. Since we use a temporary file for the XML files sent to 'schtasks', we prefix the random characters with the frequency so it is easier to examine the proper file during tests. Instead of an exact match on the 'args' file, we 'grep' for the arguments other than the filename. There is a deficiency in the current design. Windows has two kinds of applications: GUI applications that start by "winmain()" and console applications that start by "main()". Console applications are attached to a new Console window if they are not already associated with a GUI application. This means that every hour the scheudled task launches a command window for the scheduled tasks. Not only is this visually obtrusive, but it also takes focus from whatever else the user is doing! A simple fix would be to insert a GUI application that acts as a shim between the scheduled task and Git. This is currently possible in Git for Windows by setting the <Command> tag equal to C:\Program Files\Git\git-bash.exe with options "--hide --no-needs-console --command=cmd\git.exe" followed by the arguments currently used. Since git-bash.exe is not included in Windows builds of core Git, I chose to leave out this feature. My plan is to submit a small patch to Git for Windows that converts the use of git.exe with this use of git-bash.exe in the short term. In the long term, we can consider creating this GUI shim application within core Git, perhaps in contrib/. Co-authored-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com> Signed-off-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com> Signed-off-by: Derrick Stolee <dstolee@microsoft.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-05maintenance: use launchctl on macOSLibravatar Derrick Stolee1-0/+40
The existing mechanism for scheduling background maintenance is done through cron. The 'crontab -e' command allows updating the schedule while cron itself runs those commands. While this is technically supported by macOS, it has some significant deficiencies: 1. Every run of 'crontab -e' must request elevated privileges through the user interface. When running 'git maintenance start' from the Terminal app, it presents a dialog box saying "Terminal.app would like to administer your computer. Administration can include modifying passwords, networking, and system settings." This is more alarming than what we are hoping to achieve. If this alert had some information about how "git" is trying to run "crontab" then we would have some reason to believe that this dialog might be fine. However, it also doesn't help that some scenarios just leave Git waiting for a response without presenting anything to the user. I experienced this when executing the command from a Bash terminal view inside Visual Studio Code. 2. While cron initializes a user environment enough for "git config --global --show-origin" to show the correct config file information, it does not set up the environment enough for Git Credential Manager Core to load credentials during a 'prefetch' task. My prefetches against private repositories required re-authenticating through UI pop-ups in a way that should not be required. The solution is to switch from cron to the Apple-recommended [1] 'launchd' tool. [1] https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPSystemStartup/Chapters/ScheduledJobs.html The basics of this tool is that we need to create XML-formatted "plist" files inside "~/Library/LaunchAgents/" and then use the 'launchctl' tool to make launchd aware of them. The plist files include all of the scheduling information, along with the command-line arguments split across an array of <string> tags. For example, here is my plist file for the weekly scheduled tasks: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"><dict> <key>Label</key><string>org.git-scm.git.weekly</string> <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>/usr/local/libexec/git-core/git</string> <string>--exec-path=/usr/local/libexec/git-core</string> <string>for-each-repo</string> <string>--config=maintenance.repo</string> <string>maintenance</string> <string>run</string> <string>--schedule=weekly</string> </array> <key>StartCalendarInterval</key> <array> <dict> <key>Day</key><integer>0</integer> <key>Hour</key><integer>0</integer> <key>Minute</key><integer>0</integer> </dict> </array> </dict> </plist> The schedules for the daily and hourly tasks are more complicated since we need to use an array for the StartCalendarInterval with an entry for each of the six days other than the 0th day (to avoid colliding with the weekly task), and each of the 23 hours other than the 0th hour (to avoid colliding with the daily task). The "Label" value is currently filled with "org.git-scm.git.X" where X is the frequency. We need a different plist file for each frequency. The launchctl command needs to be aligned with a user id in order to initialize the command environment. This must be done using the 'launchctl bootstrap' subcommand. This subcommand is new as of macOS 10.11, which was released in September 2015. Before that release the 'launchctl load' subcommand was recommended. The best source of information on this transition I have seen is available at [2]. The current design does not preclude a future version that detects the available fatures of 'launchctl' to use the older commands. However, it is best to rely on the newest version since Apple might completely remove the deprecated version on short notice. [2] https://babodee.wordpress.com/2016/04/09/launchctl-2-0-syntax/ To remove a schedule, we must run 'launchctl bootout' with a valid plist file. We also need to 'bootout' a task before the 'bootstrap' subcommand will succeed, if such a task already exists. The need for a user id requires us to run 'id -u' which works on POSIX systems but not Windows. Further, the need for fully-qualitifed path names including $HOME behaves differently in the Git internals and the external test suite. The $HOME variable starts with "C:\..." instead of the "/c/..." that is provided by Git in these subcommands. The test therefore has a prerequisite that we are not on Windows. The cross- platform logic still allows us to test the macOS logic on a Linux machine. We can verify the commands that were run by 'git maintenance start' and 'git maintenance stop' by injecting a script that writes the command-line arguments into GIT_TEST_MAINT_SCHEDULER. An earlier version of this patch accidentally had an opening "<dict>" tag when it should have had a closing "</dict>" tag. This was caught during manual testing with actual 'launchctl' commands, but we do not want to update developers' tasks when running tests. It appears that macOS includes the "xmllint" tool which can verify the XML format. This is useful for any system that might contain the tool, so use it whenever it is available. We strive to make these tests work on all platforms, but Windows caused some headaches. In particular, the value of getuid() called by the C code is not guaranteed to be the same as `$(id -u)` invoked by a test. This is because `git.exe` is a native Windows program, whereas the utility programs run by the test script mostly utilize the MSYS2 runtime, which emulates a POSIX-like environment. Since the purpose of the test is to check that the input to the hook is well-formed, the actual user ID is immaterial, thus we can work around the problem by making the the test UID-agnostic. Another subtle issue is the $HOME environment variable being a Windows-style path instead of a Unix-style path. We can be more flexible here instead of expecting exact path matches. Helped-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com> Signed-off-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com> Signed-off-by: Derrick Stolee <dstolee@microsoft.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-04pack-format.txt: document sizes at start of delta dataLibravatar Martin Ågren1-1/+16
We document the delta data as a set of instructions, but forget to document the two sizes that precede those instructions: the size of the base object and the size of the object to be reconstructed. Fix this omission. Rather than cramming all the details about the encoding into the running text, introduce a separate section detailing our "size encoding" and refer to it. Reported-by: Ross Light <ross@zombiezen.com> Signed-off-by: Martin Ågren <martin.agren@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-04gitmodules.txt: fix 'GIT_WORK_TREE' variable nameLibravatar Philippe Blain1-15/+15
'gitmodules.txt' is a guide about the '.gitmodules' file that describes submodule properties, and that file must exist at the root of the repository. This was clarified in e5b5c1d2cf (Document clarification: gitmodules, gitattributes, 2008-08-31). However, that commit mistakenly uses the non-existing environment variable 'GIT_WORK_DIR' to refer to the root of the repository. Fix that by using the correct variable, 'GIT_WORK_TREE'. Take the opportunity to modernize and improve the formatting of that guide, and fix a grammar mistake. Signed-off-by: Philippe Blain <levraiphilippeblain@gmail.com> Acked-by: Martin Ågren <martin.agren@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-01-04doc: fix some typosLibravatar Thomas Ackermann6-7/+7
Signed-off-by: Thomas Ackermann <th.acker@arcor.de> Acked-by: Martin Ågren <martin.agren@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2020-12-27Git 2.30Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-11/+8
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2020-12-27Merge branch 'pb/doc-git-linkit-fix'Libravatar Junio C Hamano1-2/+2
Docfix. * pb/doc-git-linkit-fix: git.txt: fix typos in 'linkgit' macro invocation
2020-12-23Git 2.30-rc2