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diff --git a/t/README b/t/README new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..dcd3ebb5f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/t/README @@ -0,0 +1,297 @@ +Core GIT Tests +============== + +This directory holds many test scripts for core GIT tools. The +first part of this short document describes how to run the tests +and read their output. + +When fixing the tools or adding enhancements, you are strongly +encouraged to add tests in this directory to cover what you are +trying to fix or enhance. The later part of this short document +describes how your test scripts should be organized. + + +Running Tests +------------- + +The easiest way to run tests is to say "make". This runs all +the tests. + + *** t0000-basic.sh *** + * ok 1: .git/objects should be empty after git-init in an empty repo. + * ok 2: .git/objects should have 256 subdirectories. + * ok 3: git-update-index without --add should fail adding. + ... + * ok 23: no diff after checkout and git-update-index --refresh. + * passed all 23 test(s) + *** t0100-environment-names.sh *** + * ok 1: using old names should issue warnings. + * ok 2: using old names but having new names should not issue warnings. + ... + +Or you can run each test individually from command line, like +this: + + $ sh ./t3001-ls-files-killed.sh + * ok 1: git-update-index --add to add various paths. + * ok 2: git-ls-files -k to show killed files. + * ok 3: validate git-ls-files -k output. + * passed all 3 test(s) + +You can pass --verbose (or -v), --debug (or -d), and --immediate +(or -i) command line argument to the test, or by setting GIT_TEST_OPTS +appropriately before running "make". + +--verbose:: + This makes the test more verbose. Specifically, the + command being run and their output if any are also + output. + +--debug:: + This may help the person who is developing a new test. + It causes the command defined with test_debug to run. + +--immediate:: + This causes the test to immediately exit upon the first + failed test. + +--long-tests:: + This causes additional long-running tests to be run (where + available), for more exhaustive testing. + +--valgrind:: + Execute all Git binaries with valgrind and exit with status + 126 on errors (just like regular tests, this will only stop + the test script when running under -i). Valgrind errors + go to stderr, so you might want to pass the -v option, too. + + Since it makes no sense to run the tests with --valgrind and + not see any output, this option implies --verbose. For + convenience, it also implies --tee. + +--tee:: + In addition to printing the test output to the terminal, + write it to files named 't/test-results/$TEST_NAME.out'. + As the names depend on the tests' file names, it is safe to + run the tests with this option in parallel. + +--with-dashes:: + By default tests are run without dashed forms of + commands (like git-commit) in the PATH (it only uses + wrappers from ../bin-wrappers). Use this option to include + the build directory (..) in the PATH, which contains all + the dashed forms of commands. This option is currently + implied by other options like --valgrind and + GIT_TEST_INSTALLED. + +You can also set the GIT_TEST_INSTALLED environment variable to +the bindir of an existing git installation to test that installation. +You still need to have built this git sandbox, from which various +test-* support programs, templates, and perl libraries are used. +If your installed git is incomplete, it will silently test parts of +your built version instead. + +When using GIT_TEST_INSTALLED, you can also set GIT_TEST_EXEC_PATH to +override the location of the dashed-form subcommands (what +GIT_EXEC_PATH would be used for during normal operation). +GIT_TEST_EXEC_PATH defaults to `$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED/git --exec-path`. + + +Skipping Tests +-------------- + +In some environments, certain tests have no way of succeeding +due to platform limitation, such as lack of 'unzip' program, or +filesystem that do not allow arbitrary sequence of non-NUL bytes +as pathnames. + +You should be able to say something like + + $ GIT_SKIP_TESTS=t9200.8 sh ./t9200-git-cvsexport-commit.sh + +and even: + + $ GIT_SKIP_TESTS='t[0-4]??? t91?? t9200.8' make + +to omit such tests. The value of the environment variable is a +SP separated list of patterns that tells which tests to skip, +and either can match the "t[0-9]{4}" part to skip the whole +test, or t[0-9]{4} followed by ".$number" to say which +particular test to skip. + +Note that some tests in the existing test suite rely on previous +test item, so you cannot arbitrarily disable one and expect the +remainder of test to check what the test originally was intended +to check. + + +Naming Tests +------------ + +The test files are named as: + + tNNNN-commandname-details.sh + +where N is a decimal digit. + +First digit tells the family: + + 0 - the absolute basics and global stuff + 1 - the basic commands concerning database + 2 - the basic commands concerning the working tree + 3 - the other basic commands (e.g. ls-files) + 4 - the diff commands + 5 - the pull and exporting commands + 6 - the revision tree commands (even e.g. merge-base) + 7 - the porcelainish commands concerning the working tree + 8 - the porcelainish commands concerning forensics + 9 - the git tools + +Second digit tells the particular command we are testing. + +Third digit (optionally) tells the particular switch or group of switches +we are testing. + +If you create files under t/ directory (i.e. here) that is not +the top-level test script, never name the file to match the above +pattern. The Makefile here considers all such files as the +top-level test script and tries to run all of them. A care is +especially needed if you are creating a common test library +file, similar to test-lib.sh, because such a library file may +not be suitable for standalone execution. + + +Writing Tests +------------- + +The test script is written as a shell script. It should start +with the standard "#!/bin/sh" with copyright notices, and an +assignment to variable 'test_description', like this: + + #!/bin/sh + # + # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano + # + + test_description='xxx test (option --frotz) + + This test registers the following structure in the cache + and tries to run git-ls-files with option --frotz.' + + +Source 'test-lib.sh' +-------------------- + +After assigning test_description, the test script should source +test-lib.sh like this: + + . ./test-lib.sh + +This test harness library does the following things: + + - If the script is invoked with command line argument --help + (or -h), it shows the test_description and exits. + + - Creates an empty test directory with an empty .git/objects + database and chdir(2) into it. This directory is 't/trash directory' + if you must know, but I do not think you care. + + - Defines standard test helper functions for your scripts to + use. These functions are designed to make all scripts behave + consistently when command line arguments --verbose (or -v), + --debug (or -d), and --immediate (or -i) is given. + + +End with test_done +------------------ + +Your script will be a sequence of tests, using helper functions +from the test harness library. At the end of the script, call +'test_done'. + + +Test harness library +-------------------- + +There are a handful helper functions defined in the test harness +library for your script to use. + + - test_expect_success <message> <script> + + This takes two strings as parameter, and evaluates the + <script>. If it yields success, test is considered + successful. <message> should state what it is testing. + + Example: + + test_expect_success \ + 'git-write-tree should be able to write an empty tree.' \ + 'tree=$(git-write-tree)' + + - test_expect_failure <message> <script> + + This is NOT the opposite of test_expect_success, but is used + to mark a test that demonstrates a known breakage. Unlike + the usual test_expect_success tests, which say "ok" on + success and "FAIL" on failure, this will say "FIXED" on + success and "still broken" on failure. Failures from these + tests won't cause -i (immediate) to stop. + + - test_debug <script> + + This takes a single argument, <script>, and evaluates it only + when the test script is started with --debug command line + argument. This is primarily meant for use during the + development of a new test script. + + - test_done + + Your test script must have test_done at the end. Its purpose + is to summarize successes and failures in the test script and + exit with an appropriate error code. + + - test_tick + + Make commit and tag names consistent by setting the author and + committer times to defined stated. Subsequent calls will + advance the times by a fixed amount. + + - test_commit <message> [<filename> [<contents>]] + + Creates a commit with the given message, committing the given + file with the given contents (default for both is to reuse the + message string), and adds a tag (again reusing the message + string as name). Calls test_tick to make the SHA-1s + reproducible. + + - test_merge <message> <commit-or-tag> + + Merges the given rev using the given message. Like test_commit, + creates a tag and calls test_tick before committing. + +Tips for Writing Tests +---------------------- + +As with any programming projects, existing programs are the best +source of the information. However, do _not_ emulate +t0000-basic.sh when writing your tests. The test is special in +that it tries to validate the very core of GIT. For example, it +knows that there will be 256 subdirectories under .git/objects/, +and it knows that the object ID of an empty tree is a certain +40-byte string. This is deliberately done so in t0000-basic.sh +because the things the very basic core test tries to achieve is +to serve as a basis for people who are changing the GIT internal +drastically. For these people, after making certain changes, +not seeing failures from the basic test _is_ a failure. And +such drastic changes to the core GIT that even changes these +otherwise supposedly stable object IDs should be accompanied by +an update to t0000-basic.sh. + +However, other tests that simply rely on basic parts of the core +GIT working properly should not have that level of intimate +knowledge of the core GIT internals. If all the test scripts +hardcoded the object IDs like t0000-basic.sh does, that defeats +the purpose of t0000-basic.sh, which is to isolate that level of +validation in one place. Your test also ends up needing +updating when such a change to the internal happens, so do _not_ +do it and leave the low level of validation to t0000-basic.sh. |