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diff --git a/gitweb/README b/gitweb/README index a92bde7f14..6da4778b73 100644 --- a/gitweb/README +++ b/gitweb/README @@ -7,511 +7,65 @@ The one working on: From the git version 1.4.0 gitweb is bundled with git. -How to configure gitweb for your local system ---------------------------------------------- +Build time gitweb configuration +------------------------------- +There are many configuration variables which affect building gitweb (among +others creating gitweb.cgi out of gitweb.perl by replacing placeholders such +as `++GIT_BINDIR++` by their build-time values). -See also the "Build time configuration" section in the INSTALL -file for gitweb (in gitweb/INSTALL). - -You can specify the following configuration variables when building GIT: - * GIT_BINDIR - Points where to find the git executable. You should set it up to - the place where the git binary was installed (usually /usr/bin) if you - don't install git from sources together with gitweb. [Default: $(bindir)] - * GITWEB_SITENAME - Shown in the title of all generated pages, defaults to the server name - (SERVER_NAME CGI environment variable) if not set. [No default] - * GITWEB_PROJECTROOT - The root directory for all projects shown by gitweb. Must be set - correctly for gitweb to find repositories to display. See also - "Gitweb repositories" in the INSTALL file for gitweb. [Default: /pub/git] - * GITWEB_PROJECT_MAXDEPTH - The filesystem traversing limit for getting the project list; the number - is taken as depth relative to the projectroot. It is used when - GITWEB_LIST is a directory (or is not set; then project root is used). - This is meant to speed up project listing on large work trees by limiting - search depth. [Default: 2007] - * GITWEB_LIST - Points to a directory to scan for projects (defaults to project root - if not set / if empty) or to a file with explicit listing of projects - (together with projects' ownership). See "Generating projects list - using gitweb" in INSTALL file for gitweb to find out how to generate - such file from scan of a directory. [No default, which means use root - directory for projects] - * GITWEB_EXPORT_OK - Show repository only if this file exists (in repository). Only - effective if this variable evaluates to true. [No default / Not set] - * GITWEB_STRICT_EXPORT - Only allow viewing of repositories also shown on the overview page. - This for example makes GITWEB_EXPORT_OK to decide if repository is - available and not only if it is shown. If GITWEB_LIST points to - file with list of project, only those repositories listed would be - available for gitweb. [No default] - * GITWEB_HOMETEXT - Points to an .html file which is included on the gitweb project - overview page ('projects_list' view), if it exists. Relative to - gitweb.cgi script. [Default: indextext.html] - * GITWEB_SITE_HEADER - Filename of html text to include at top of each page. Relative to - gitweb.cgi script. [No default] - * GITWEB_SITE_FOOTER - Filename of html text to include at bottom of each page. Relative to - gitweb.cgi script. [No default] - * GITWEB_HOME_LINK_STR - String of the home link on top of all pages, leading to $home_link - (usually main gitweb page, which means projects list). Used as first - part of gitweb view "breadcrumb trail": <home> / <project> / <view>. - [Default: projects] - * GITWEB_SITENAME - Name of your site or organization to appear in page titles. Set it - to something descriptive for clearer bookmarks etc. If not set - (if empty) gitweb uses "$SERVER_NAME Git", or "Untitled Git" if - SERVER_NAME CGI environment variable is not set (e.g. if running - gitweb as standalone script). [No default] - * GITWEB_BASE_URL - Git base URLs used for URL to where fetch project from, i.e. full - URL is "$git_base_url/$project". Shown on projects summary page. - Repository URL for project can be also configured per repository; this - takes precedence over URLs composed from base URL and a project name. - Note that you can setup multiple base URLs (for example one for - git:// protocol access, another for http:// access) from the gitweb - config file. [No default] - * GITWEB_CSS - Points to the location where you put gitweb.css on your web server - (or to be more generic, the URI of gitweb stylesheet). Relative to the - base URI of gitweb. Note that you can setup multiple stylesheets from - the gitweb config file. [Default: static/gitweb.css (or - static/gitweb.min.css if the CSSMIN variable is defined / CSS minifier - is used)] - * GITWEB_LOGO - Points to the location where you put git-logo.png on your web server - (or to be more generic URI of logo, 72x27 size, displayed in top right - corner of each gitweb page, and used as logo for Atom feed). Relative - to base URI of gitweb. [Default: static/git-logo.png] - * GITWEB_FAVICON - Points to the location where you put git-favicon.png on your web server - (or to be more generic URI of favicon, assumed to be image/png type; - web browsers that support favicons (website icons) may display them - in the browser's URL bar and next to site name in bookmarks). Relative - to base URI of gitweb. [Default: static/git-favicon.png] - * GITWEB_JS - Points to the location where you put gitweb.js on your web server - (or to be more generic URI of JavaScript code used by gitweb). - Relative to base URI of gitweb. [Default: static/gitweb.js (or - static/gitweb.min.js if JSMIN build variable is defined / JavaScript - minifier is used)] - * GITWEB_CONFIG - This Perl file will be loaded using 'do' and can be used to override any - of the options above as well as some other options -- see the "Runtime - gitweb configuration" section below, and top of 'gitweb.cgi' for their - full list and description. If the environment variable GITWEB_CONFIG - is set when gitweb.cgi is executed, then the file specified in the - environment variable will be loaded instead of the file specified - when gitweb.cgi was created. [Default: gitweb_config.perl] - * GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM - This Perl file will be loaded using 'do' as a fallback if GITWEB_CONFIG - does not exist. If the environment variable GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM is set - when gitweb.cgi is executed, then the file specified in the environment - variable will be loaded instead of the file specified when gitweb.cgi was - created. [Default: /etc/gitweb.conf] - * HIGHLIGHT_BIN - Path to the highlight executable to use (must be the one from - http://www.andre-simon.de due to assumptions about parameters and output). - Useful if highlight is not installed on your webserver's PATH. - [Default: highlight] +Building and installing gitweb is described in gitweb's INSTALL file +(in 'gitweb/INSTALL'). Runtime gitweb configuration ---------------------------- +Gitweb obtains configuration data from the following sources in the +following order: -You can adjust gitweb behaviour using the file specified in `GITWEB_CONFIG` -(defaults to 'gitweb_config.perl' in the same directory as the CGI), and -as a fallback `GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM` (defaults to /etc/gitweb.conf). -The most notable thing that is not configurable at compile time are the -optional features, stored in the '%features' variable. - -Ultimate description on how to reconfigure the default features setting -in your `GITWEB_CONFIG` or per-project in `project.git/config` can be found -as comments inside 'gitweb.cgi'. - -See also the "Gitweb config file" (with an example of config file), and -the "Gitweb repositories" sections in INSTALL file for gitweb. - - -The gitweb config file is a fragment of perl code. You can set variables -using "our $variable = value"; text from "#" character until the end -of a line is ignored. See perlsyn(1) man page for details. - -Below is the list of variables which you might want to set in gitweb config. -See the top of 'gitweb.cgi' for the full list of variables and their -descriptions. - -Gitweb config file variables -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -You can set, among others, the following variables in gitweb config files -(with the exception of $projectroot and $projects_list this list does -not include variables usually directly set during build): - * $GIT - Core git executable to use. By default set to "$GIT_BINDIR/git", which - in turn is by default set to "$(bindir)/git". If you use git from binary - package, set this to "/usr/bin/git". This can just be "git" if your - webserver has a sensible PATH. If you have multiple git versions - installed it can be used to choose which one to use. - * $version - Gitweb version, set automatically when creating gitweb.cgi from - gitweb.perl. You might want to modify it if you are running modified - gitweb. - * $projectroot - Absolute filesystem path which will be prepended to project path; - the path to repository is $projectroot/$project. Set to - $GITWEB_PROJECTROOT during installation. This variable have to be - set correctly for gitweb to find repositories. - * $projects_list - Source of projects list, either directory to scan, or text file - with list of repositories (in the "<URI-encoded repository path> SP - <URI-encoded repository owner>" line format; actually there can be - any sequence of whitespace in place of space (SP)). Set to - $GITWEB_LIST during installation. If empty, $projectroot is used - to scan for repositories. - * $my_url, $my_uri - Full URL and absolute URL of gitweb script; - in earlier versions of gitweb you might have need to set those - variables, now there should be no need to do it. See - $per_request_config if you need to set them still. - * $base_url - Base URL for relative URLs in pages generated by gitweb, - (e.g. $logo, $favicon, @stylesheets if they are relative URLs), - needed and used only for URLs with nonempty PATH_INFO via - <base href="$base_url">. Usually gitweb sets its value correctly, - and there is no need to set this variable, e.g. to $my_uri or "/". - See $per_request_config if you need to set it anyway. - * $home_link - Target of the home link on top of all pages (the first part of view - "breadcrumbs"). By default set to absolute URI of a page ($my_uri). - * @stylesheets - List of URIs of stylesheets (relative to base URI of a page). You - might specify more than one stylesheet, for example use gitweb.css - as base, with site specific modifications in separate stylesheet - to make it easier to upgrade gitweb. You can add 'site' stylesheet - for example by using - push @stylesheets, "gitweb-site.css"; - in the gitweb config file. - * $logo_url, $logo_label - URI and label (title) of GIT logo link (or your site logo, if you choose - to use different logo image). By default they point to git homepage; - in the past they pointed to git documentation at www.kernel.org. - * $projects_list_description_width - The width (in characters) of the projects list "Description" column. - Longer descriptions will be cut (trying to cut at word boundary); - full description is available as 'title' attribute (usually shown on - mouseover). By default set to 25, which might be too small if you - use long project descriptions. - * @git_base_url_list - List of git base URLs used for URL to where fetch project from, shown - in project summary page. Full URL is "$git_base_url/$project". - You can setup multiple base URLs (for example one for git:// protocol - access, and one for http:// "dumb" protocol access). Note that per - repository configuration in 'cloneurl' file, or as values of gitweb.url - project config. - * $default_blob_plain_mimetype - Default mimetype for blob_plain (raw) view, if mimetype checking - doesn't result in some other type; by default 'text/plain'. - * $default_text_plain_charset - Default charset for text files. If not set, web server configuration - would be used. - * $mimetypes_file - File to use for (filename extension based) guessing of MIME types before - trying /etc/mime.types. Path, if relative, is taken currently as - relative to the current git repository. - * $fallback_encoding - Gitweb assumes this charset if line contains non-UTF-8 characters. - Fallback decoding is used without error checking, so it can be even - 'utf-8'. Value must be valid encoding; see Encoding::Supported(3pm) man - page for a list. By default 'latin1', aka. 'iso-8859-1'. - * @diff_opts - Rename detection options for git-diff and git-diff-tree. By default - ('-M'); set it to ('-C') or ('-C', '-C') to also detect copies, or - set it to () if you don't want to have renames detection. - * $prevent_xss - If true, some gitweb features are disabled to prevent content in - repositories from launching cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. Set this - to true if you don't trust the content of your repositories. The default - is false. - * $maxload - Used to set the maximum load that we will still respond to gitweb queries. - If server load exceed this value then return "503 Service Unavailable" error. - Server load is taken to be 0 if gitweb cannot determine its value. Set it to - undefined value to turn it off. The default is 300. - * $highlight_bin - Path to the highlight executable to use (must be the one from - http://www.andre-simon.de due to assumptions about parameters and output). - Useful if highlight is not installed on your webserver's PATH. - [Default: highlight] - * $per_request_config - If set to code reference, it would be run once per each request. You can - set parts of configuration that change per session, e.g. by setting it to - sub { $ENV{GL_USER} = $cgi->remote_user || "gitweb"; } - Otherwise it is treated as boolean value: if true gitweb would process - config file once per request, if false it would process config file only - once. Note: $my_url, $my_uri, and $base_url are overwritten with - their default values before every request, so if you want to change - them, be sure to set this variable to true or a code reference effecting - the desired changes. The default is true. - -Projects list file format -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -Instead of having gitweb find repositories by scanning filesystem starting -from $projectroot (or $projects_list, if it points to directory), you can -provide list of projects by setting $projects_list to a text file with list -of projects (and some additional info). This file uses the following -format: - -One record (for project / repository) per line, whitespace separated fields; -does not support (at least for now) lines continuation (newline escaping). -Leading and trailing whitespace are ignored, any run of whitespace can be -used as field separator (rules for Perl's "split(' ', $line)"). Keyed by -the first field, which is project name, i.e. path to repository GIT_DIR -relative to $projectroot. Fields use modified URI encoding, defined in -RFC 3986, section 2.1 (Percent-Encoding), or rather "Query string encoding" -(see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Query_string#URL_encoding), the difference -being that SP (' ') can be encoded as '+' (and therefore '+' has to be also -percent-encoded). Reserved characters are: '%' (used for encoding), '+' -(can be used to encode SPACE), all whitespace characters as defined in Perl, -including SP, TAB and LF, (used to separate fields in a record). - -Currently list of fields is - * <repository path> - path to repository GIT_DIR, relative to $projectroot - * <repository owner> - displayed as repository owner, preferably full name, - or email, or both - -You can additionally use $projects_list file to limit which repositories -are visible, and together with $strict_export to limit access to -repositories (see "Gitweb repositories" section in gitweb/INSTALL). - - -Per-repository gitweb configuration -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -You can also configure individual repositories shown in gitweb by creating -file in the GIT_DIR of git repository, or by setting some repo configuration -variable (in GIT_DIR/config). - -You can use the following files in repository: - * README.html - A .html file (HTML fragment) which is included on the gitweb project - summary page inside <div> block element. You can use it for longer - description of a project, to provide links (for example to project's - homepage), etc. This is recognized only if XSS prevention is off - ($prevent_xss is false); a way to include a readme safely when XSS - prevention is on may be worked out in the future. - * description (or gitweb.description) - Short (shortened by default to 25 characters in the projects list page) - single line description of a project (of a repository). Plain text file; - HTML will be escaped. By default set to - Unnamed repository; edit this file to name it for gitweb. - from the template during repository creation. You can use the - gitweb.description repo configuration variable, but the file takes - precedence. - * cloneurl (or multiple-valued gitweb.url) - File with repository URL (used for clone and fetch), one per line. - Displayed in the project summary page. You can use multiple-valued - gitweb.url repository configuration variable for that, but the file - takes precedence. - * gitweb.owner - You can use the gitweb.owner repository configuration variable to set - repository's owner. It is displayed in the project list and summary - page. If it's not set, filesystem directory's owner is used - (via GECOS field / real name field from getpwiud(3)). - * various gitweb.* config variables (in config) - Read description of %feature hash for detailed list, and some - descriptions. - - -Webserver configuration ------------------------ - -If you want to have one URL for both gitweb and your http:// -repositories, you can configure apache like this: - -<VirtualHost *:80> - ServerName git.example.org - DocumentRoot /pub/git - SetEnv GITWEB_CONFIG /etc/gitweb.conf - - # turning on mod rewrite - RewriteEngine on - - # make the front page an internal rewrite to the gitweb script - RewriteRule ^/$ /cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi - - # make access for "dumb clients" work - RewriteRule ^/(.*\.git/(?!/?(HEAD|info|objects|refs)).*)?$ /cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi%{REQUEST_URI} [L,PT] -</VirtualHost> - -The above configuration expects your public repositories to live under -/pub/git and will serve them as http://git.domain.org/dir-under-pub-git, -both as cloneable GIT URL and as browseable gitweb interface. -If you then start your git-daemon with --base-path=/pub/git --export-all -then you can even use the git:// URL with exactly the same path. - -Setting the environment variable GITWEB_CONFIG will tell gitweb to use -the named file (i.e. in this example /etc/gitweb.conf) as a -configuration for gitweb. Perl variables defined in here will -override the defaults given at the head of the gitweb.perl (or -gitweb.cgi). Look at the comments in that file for information on -which variables and what they mean. - -If you use the rewrite rules from the example you'll likely also need -something like the following in your gitweb.conf (or gitweb_config.perl) file: - - @stylesheets = ("/some/absolute/path/gitweb.css"); - $my_uri = "/"; - $home_link = "/"; - - -Webserver configuration with multiple projects' root ----------------------------------------------------- - -If you want to use gitweb with several project roots you can edit your apache -virtual host and gitweb.conf configuration files like this : - -virtual host configuration : +1. built-in values (some set during build stage), +2. common system-wide configuration file (`GITWEB_CONFIG_COMMON`, + defaults to '/etc/gitweb-common.conf'), +3. either per-instance configuration file (`GITWEB_CONFIG`, defaults to + 'gitweb_config.perl' in the same directory as the installed gitweb), + or if it does not exists then system-wide configuration file + (`GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM`, defaults to '/etc/gitweb.conf'). -<VirtualHost *:80> - ServerName git.example.org - DocumentRoot /pub/git - SetEnv GITWEB_CONFIG /etc/gitweb.conf +Values obtained in later configuration files override values obtained earlier +in above sequence. - # turning on mod rewrite - RewriteEngine on +You can read defaults in system-wide GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM from GITWEB_CONFIG +by adding - # make the front page an internal rewrite to the gitweb script - RewriteRule ^/$ /cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi [QSA,L,PT] + read_config_file($GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM); - # look for a public_git folder in unix users' home - # http://git.example.org/~<user>/ - RewriteRule ^/\~([^\/]+)(/|/gitweb.cgi)?$ /cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi [QSA,E=GITWEB_PROJECTROOT:/home/$1/public_git/,L,PT] +at very beginning of per-instance GITWEB_CONFIG file. In this case +settings in said per-instance file will override settings from +system-wide configuration file. Note that read_config_file checks +itself that the $GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM file exists. - # http://git.example.org/+<user>/ - #RewriteRule ^/\+([^\/]+)(/|/gitweb.cgi)?$ /cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi [QSA,E=GITWEB_PROJECTROOT:/home/$1/public_git/,L,PT] - - # http://git.example.org/user/<user>/ - #RewriteRule ^/user/([^\/]+)/(gitweb.cgi)?$ /cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi [QSA,E=GITWEB_PROJECTROOT:/home/$1/public_git/,L,PT] - - # defined list of project roots - RewriteRule ^/scm(/|/gitweb.cgi)?$ /cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi [QSA,E=GITWEB_PROJECTROOT:/pub/scm/,L,PT] - RewriteRule ^/var(/|/gitweb.cgi)?$ /cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi [QSA,E=GITWEB_PROJECTROOT:/var/git/,L,PT] - - # make access for "dumb clients" work - RewriteRule ^/(.*\.git/(?!/?(HEAD|info|objects|refs)).*)?$ /cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi%{REQUEST_URI} [L,PT] -</VirtualHost> - -gitweb.conf configuration : - -$projectroot = $ENV{'GITWEB_PROJECTROOT'} || "/pub/git"; - -These configurations enable two things. First, each unix user (<user>) of the -server will be able to browse through gitweb git repositories found in -~/public_git/ with the following url : http://git.example.org/~<user>/ - -If you do not want this feature on your server just remove the second rewrite rule. - -If you already use mod_userdir in your virtual host or you don't want to use -the '~' as first character just comment or remove the second rewrite rule and -uncomment one of the following according to what you want. - -Second, repositories found in /pub/scm/ and /var/git/ will be accesible -through http://git.example.org/scm/ and http://git.example.org/var/. -You can add as many project roots as you want by adding rewrite rules like the -third and the fourth. - - -PATH_INFO usage ------------------------ -If you enable PATH_INFO usage in gitweb by putting - - $feature{'pathinfo'}{'default'} = [1]; - -in your gitweb.conf, it is possible to set up your server so that it -consumes and produces URLs in the form - -http://git.example.com/project.git/shortlog/sometag - -by using a configuration such as the following, that assumes that -/var/www/gitweb is the DocumentRoot of your webserver, and that it -contains the gitweb.cgi script and complementary static files -(stylesheet, favicon): - -<VirtualHost *:80> - ServerAlias git.example.com - - DocumentRoot /var/www/gitweb - - <Directory /var/www/gitweb> - Options ExecCGI - AddHandler cgi-script cgi - - DirectoryIndex gitweb.cgi - - RewriteEngine On - RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f - RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d - RewriteRule ^.* /gitweb.cgi/$0 [L,PT] - </Directory> -</VirtualHost> - -The rewrite rule guarantees that existing static files will be properly -served, whereas any other URL will be passed to gitweb as PATH_INFO -parameter. - -Notice that in this case you don't need special settings for -@stylesheets, $my_uri and $home_link, but you lose "dumb client" access -to your project .git dirs. A possible workaround for the latter is the -following: in your project root dir (e.g. /pub/git) have the projects -named without a .git extension (e.g. /pub/git/project instead of -/pub/git/project.git) and configure Apache as follows: - -<VirtualHost *:80> - ServerAlias git.example.com - - DocumentRoot /var/www/gitweb - - AliasMatch ^(/.*?)(\.git)(/.*)?$ /pub/git$1$3 - <Directory /var/www/gitweb> - Options ExecCGI - AddHandler cgi-script cgi - - DirectoryIndex gitweb.cgi - - RewriteEngine On - RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f - RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d - RewriteRule ^.* /gitweb.cgi/$0 [L,PT] - </Directory> -</VirtualHost> - -The additional AliasMatch makes it so that - -http://git.example.com/project.git - -will give raw access to the project's git dir (so that the project can -be cloned), while - -http://git.example.com/project +The most notable thing that is not configurable at compile time are the +optional features, stored in the '%features' variable. -will provide human-friendly gitweb access. +Ultimate description on how to reconfigure the default features setting +in your `GITWEB_CONFIG` or per-project in `project.git/config` can be found +as comments inside 'gitweb.cgi'. -This solution is not 100% bulletproof, in the sense that if some project -has a named ref (branch, tag) starting with 'git/', then paths such as +See also gitweb.conf(5) manpage. -http://git.example.com/project/command/abranch..git/abranch -will fail with a 404 error. +Web server configuration +------------------------ +Gitweb can be run as CGI script, as legacy mod_perl application (using +ModPerl::Registry), and as FastCGI script. You can find some simple examples +in "Example web server configuration" section in INSTALL file for gitweb (in +gitweb/INSTALL). +See "Webserver configuration" and "Advanced web server setup" sections in +gitweb(1) manpage. +AUTHORS +------- Originally written by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org> |