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diff --git a/contrib/git-svn/git-svn.txt b/contrib/git-svn/git-svn.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cf098d733a --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/git-svn/git-svn.txt @@ -0,0 +1,222 @@ +git-svn(1) +========== + +NAME +---- +git-svn - bidirectional operation between a single Subversion branch and git + +SYNOPSIS +-------- +'git-svn' <command> [options] [arguments] + +DESCRIPTION +----------- +git-svn is a simple conduit for changesets between a single Subversion +branch and git. + +git-svn is not to be confused with git-svnimport. The were designed +with very different goals in mind. + +git-svn is designed for an individual developer who wants a +bidirectional flow of changesets between a single branch in Subversion +and an arbitrary number of branches in git. git-svnimport is designed +for read-only operation on repositories that match a particular layout +(albeit the recommended one by SVN developers). + +For importing svn, git-svnimport is potentially more powerful when +operating on repositories organized under the recommended +trunk/branch/tags structure, and should be faster, too. + +git-svn completely ignores the very limited view of branching that +Subversion has. This allows git-svn to be much easier to use, +especially on repositories that are not organized in a manner that +git-svnimport is designed for. + +COMMANDS +-------- +init:: + Creates an empty git repository with additional metadata + directories for git-svn. The SVN_URL must be specified + at this point. + +fetch:: + Fetch unfetched revisions from the SVN_URL we are tracking. + refs/heads/git-svn-HEAD will be updated to the latest revision. + +commit:: + Commit specified commit or tree objects to SVN. This relies on + your imported fetch data being up-to-date. This makes + absolutely no attempts to do patching when committing to SVN, it + simply overwrites files with those specified in the tree or + commit. All merging is assumed to have taken place + independently of git-svn functions. + +rebuild:: + Not a part of daily usage, but this is a useful command if + you've just cloned a repository (using git-clone) that was + tracked with git-svn. Unfortunately, git-clone does not clone + git-svn metadata and the svn working tree that git-svn uses for + its operations. This rebuilds the metadata so git-svn can + resume fetch operations. SVN_URL may be optionally specified if + the directory/repository you're tracking has moved or changed + protocols. + +OPTIONS +------- +-r <ARG>:: +--revision <ARG>:: + Only used with the 'fetch' command. + + Takes any valid -r<argument> svn would accept and passes it + directly to svn. -r<ARG1>:<ARG2> ranges and "{" DATE "}" syntax + is also supported. This is passed directly to svn, see svn + documentation for more details. + + This can allow you to make partial mirrors when running fetch. + +-:: +--stdin:: + Only used with the 'commit' command. + + Read a list of commits from stdin and commit them in reverse + order. Only the leading sha1 is read from each line, so + git-rev-list --pretty=oneline output can be used. + +--rmdir:: + Only used with the 'commit' command. + + Remove directories from the SVN tree if there are no files left + behind. SVN can version empty directories, and they are not + removed by default if there are no files left in them. git + cannot version empty directories. Enabling this flag will make + the commit to SVN act like git. + +-e:: +--edit:: + Only used with the 'commit' command. + + Edit the commit message before committing to SVN. This is off by + default for objects that are commits, and forced on when committing + tree objects. + +-l<num>:: +--find-copies-harder:: + Both of these are only used with the 'commit' command. + + They are both passed directly to git-diff-tree see + git-diff-tree(1) for more information. + +COMPATIBILITY OPTIONS +--------------------- +--no-ignore-externals:: + Only used with the 'fetch' and 'rebuild' command. + + By default, git-svn passes --ignore-externals to svn to avoid + fetching svn:external trees into git. Pass this flag to enable + externals tracking directly via git. + + Versions of svn that do not support --ignore-externals are + automatically detected and this flag will be automatically + enabled for them. + + Otherwise, do not enable this flag unless you know what you're + doing. + +--no-stop-on-copy:: + Only used with the 'fetch' command. + + By default, git-svn passes --stop-on-copy to avoid dealing with + the copied/renamed branch directory problem entirely. A + copied/renamed branch is the result of a <SVN_URL> being created + in the past from a different source. These are problematic to + deal with even when working purely with svn if you work inside + subdirectories. + + Do not use this flag unless you know exactly what you're getting + yourself into. You have been warned. + +Examples +~~~~~~~~ + +Tracking and contributing to an Subversion managed-project: + +# Initialize a tree (like git init-db):: + git-svn init http://svn.foo.org/project/trunk +# Fetch remote revisions:: + git-svn fetch +# Create your own branch to hack on:: + git checkout -b my-branch git-svn-HEAD +# Commit only the git commits you want to SVN:: + git-svn commit <tree-ish> [<tree-ish_2> ...] +# Commit all the git commits from my-branch that don't exist in SVN:: + git commit git-svn-HEAD..my-branch +# Something is committed to SVN, pull the latest into your branch:: + git-svn fetch && git pull . git-svn-HEAD + +DESIGN PHILOSOPHY +----------------- +Merge tracking in Subversion is lacking and doing branched development +with Subversion is cumbersome as a result. git-svn completely forgoes +any automated merge/branch tracking on the Subversion side and leaves it +entirely up to the user on the git side. It's simply not worth it to do +a useful translation when the the original signal is weak. + +TRACKING MULTIPLE REPOSITORIES OR BRANCHES +------------------------------------------ +This is for advanced users, most users should ignore this section. + +Because git-svn does not care about relationships between different +branches or directories in a Subversion repository, git-svn has a simple +hack to allow it to track an arbitrary number of related _or_ unrelated +SVN repositories via one git repository. Simply set the GIT_SVN_ID +environment variable to a name other other than "git-svn" (the default) +and git-svn will ignore the contents of the $GIT_DIR/git-svn directory +and instead do all of its work in $GIT_DIR/$GIT_SVN_ID for that +invocation. + +ADDITIONAL FETCH ARGUMENTS +-------------------------- +This is for advanced users, most users should ignore this section. + +Unfetched SVN revisions may be imported as children of existing commits +by specifying additional arguments to 'fetch'. Additional parents may +optionally be specified in the form of sha1 hex sums at the +command-line. Unfetched SVN revisions may also be tied to particular +git commits with the following syntax: + + svn_revision_number=git_commit_sha1 + +This allows you to tie unfetched SVN revision 375 to your current HEAD:: + + git-svn fetch 375=$(git-rev-parse HEAD) + +BUGS +---- +If somebody commits a conflicting changeset to SVN at a bad moment +(right before you commit) causing a conflict and your commit to fail, +your svn working tree ($GIT_DIR/git-svn/tree) may be dirtied. The +easiest thing to do is probably just to rm -rf $GIT_DIR/git-svn/tree and +run 'rebuild'. + +We ignore all SVN properties except svn:executable. Too difficult to +map them since we rely heavily on git write-tree being _exactly_ the +same on both the SVN and git working trees and I prefer not to clutter +working trees with metadata files. + +svn:keywords can't be ignored in Subversion (at least I don't know of +a way to ignore them). + +Renamed and copied directories are not detected by git and hence not +tracked when committing to SVN. I do not plan on adding support for +this as it's quite difficult and time-consuming to get working for all +the possible corner cases (git doesn't do it, either). Renamed and +copied files are fully supported if they're similar enough for git to +detect them. + +Author +------ +Written by Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>. + +Documentation +------------- +Written by Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>. |