diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
48 files changed, 1360 insertions, 153 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile index 3e39e2815b..35c1385ef7 100644 --- a/Documentation/Makefile +++ b/Documentation/Makefile @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ else ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff endif endif -ifdef MAN_BOLD_LITERAL +ifndef NO_MAN_BOLD_LITERAL XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-bold-literal.xsl endif ifdef DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP @@ -204,6 +204,7 @@ ifndef V QUIET_DBLATEX = @echo ' ' DBLATEX $@; QUIET_XSLTPROC = @echo ' ' XSLTPROC $@; QUIET_GEN = @echo ' ' GEN $@; + QUIET_LINT = @echo ' ' LINT $@; QUIET_STDERR = 2> /dev/null QUIET_SUBDIR0 = +@subdir= QUIET_SUBDIR1 = ;$(NO_SUBDIR) echo ' ' SUBDIR $$subdir; \ @@ -427,4 +428,7 @@ quick-install-html: require-htmlrepo print-man1: @for i in $(MAN1_TXT); do echo $$i; done +lint-docs:: + $(QUIET_LINT)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl + .PHONY: FORCE diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.1.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ef6d80b008 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +Git v2.8.1 Release Notes +======================== + +Fixes since v2.8 +---------------- + + * "make rpmbuild" target was broken as its input, git.spec.in, was + not updated to match a file it describes that has been renamed + recently. This has been fixed. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.2.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..447b1933a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ +Git v2.8.2 Release Notes +======================== + +Fixes since v2.8.1 +------------------ + + * The embedded args argv-array in the child process is used to build + the command line to run pack-objects instead of using a separate + array of strings. + + * Bunch of tests on "git clone" has been renumbered for better + organization. + + * The tests that involve running httpd leaked the system-wide + configuration in /etc/gitconfig to the tested environment. + + * "index-pack --keep=<msg>" was broken since v2.1.0 timeframe. + + * "git config --get-urlmatch", unlike other variants of the "git + config --get" family, did not signal error with its exit status + when there was no matching configuration. + + * The "--local-env-vars" and "--resolve-git-dir" options of "git + rev-parse" failed to work outside a repository when the command's + option parsing was rewritten in 1.8.5 era. + + * Fetching of history by naming a commit object name directly didn't + work across remote-curl transport. + + * A small memory leak in an error codepath has been plugged in xdiff + code. + + * strbuf_getwholeline() did not NUL-terminate the buffer on certain + corner cases in its error codepath. + + * The startup_info data, which records if we are working inside a + repository (among other things), are now uniformly available to Git + subcommand implementations, and Git avoids attempting to touch + references when we are not in a repository. + + * "git mergetool" did not work well with conflicts that both sides + deleted. + + * "git send-email" had trouble parsing alias file in mailrc format + when lines in it had trailing whitespaces on them. + + * When "git merge --squash" stopped due to conflict, the concluding + "git commit" failed to read in the SQUASH_MSG that shows the log + messages from all the squashed commits. + + * "git merge FETCH_HEAD" dereferenced NULL pointer when merging + nothing into an unborn history (which is arguably unusual usage, + which perhaps was the reason why nobody noticed it). + + * Build updates for MSVC. + + * "git diff -M" used to work better when two originally identical + files A and B got renamed to X/A and X/B by pairing A to X/A and B + to X/B, but this was broken in the 2.0 timeframe. + + * "git send-pack --all <there>" was broken when its command line + option parsing was written in the 2.6 timeframe. + + * When running "git blame $path" with unnormalized data in the index + for the path, the data in the working tree was blamed, even though + "git add" would not have changed what is already in the index, due + to "safe crlf" that disables the line-end conversion. It has been + corrected. + +Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.3.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..fedd9968e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.3.txt @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ +Git v2.8.3 Release Notes +======================== + +Fixes since v2.8.2 +------------------ + + * "git send-email" now uses a more readable timestamps when + formulating a message ID. + + * The repository set-up sequence has been streamlined (the biggest + change is that there is no longer git_config_early()), so that we + do not attempt to look into refs/* when we know we do not have a + Git repository. + + * When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -d" allowed + deletion of a branch that is checked out in another worktree + + * When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -m" renamed a + branch that is checked out in another worktree without adjusting + the HEAD symbolic ref for the worktree. + + * "git format-patch --help" showed `-s` and `--no-patch` as if these + are valid options to the command. We already hide `--patch` option + from the documentation, because format-patch is about showing the + diff, and the documentation now hides these options as well. + + * A change back in version 2.7 to "git branch" broke display of a + symbolic ref in a non-standard place in the refs/ hierarchy (we + expect symbolic refs to appear in refs/remotes/*/HEAD to point at + the primary branch the remote has, and as .git/HEAD to point at the + branch we locally checked out). + + * A partial rewrite of "git submodule" in the 2.7 timeframe changed + the way the gitdir: pointer in the submodules point at the real + repository location to use absolute paths by accident. This has + been corrected. + + * "git commit" misbehaved in a few minor ways when an empty message + is given via -m '', all of which has been corrected. + + * Support for CRAM-MD5 authentication method in "git imap-send" did + not work well. + + * The socks5:// proxy support added back in 2.6.4 days was not aware + that socks5h:// proxies behave differently. + + * "git config" had a codepath that tried to pass a NULL to + printf("%s"), which nobody seems to have noticed. + + * On Cygwin, object creation uses the "create a temporary and then + rename it to the final name" pattern, not "create a temporary, + hardlink it to the final name and then unlink the temporary" + pattern. + + This is necessary to use Git on Windows shared directories, and is + already enabled for the MinGW and plain Windows builds. It also + has been used in Cygwin packaged versions of Git for quite a while. + See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/291853 + and http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/275680. + + * "git replace -e" did not honour "core.editor" configuration. + + * Upcoming OpenSSL 1.1.0 will break compilation b updating a few APIs + we use in imap-send, which has been adjusted for the change. + + * "git submodule" reports the paths of submodules the command + recurses into, but this was incorrect when the command was not run + from the root level of the superproject. + + * The test scripts for "git p4" (but not "git p4" implementation + itself) has been updated so that they would work even on a system + where the installed version of Python is python 3. + + * The "user.useConfigOnly" configuration variable makes it an error + if users do not explicitly set user.name and user.email. However, + its check was not done early enough and allowed another error to + trigger, reporting that the default value we guessed from the + system setting was unusable. This was a suboptimal end-user + experience as we want the users to set user.name/user.email without + relying on the auto-detection at all. + + * "git mv old new" did not adjust the path for a submodule that lives + as a subdirectory inside old/ directory correctly. + + * "git push" from a corrupt repository that attempts to push a large + number of refs deadlocked; the thread to relay rejection notices + for these ref updates blocked on writing them to the main thread, + after the main thread at the receiving end notices that the push + failed and decides not to read these notices and return a failure. + + * A question by "git send-email" to ask the identity of the sender + has been updated. + + * Recent update to Git LFS broke "git p4" by changing the output from + its "lfs pointer" subcommand. + + * Some multi-byte encoding can have a backslash byte as a later part + of one letter, which would confuse "highlight" filter used in + gitweb. + +Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.4.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f4e2552836 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.4.txt @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +Git v2.8.4 Release Notes +======================== + +Fixes since v2.8.3 +------------------ + + * Documentation for "git merge --verify-signatures" has been updated + to clarify that the signature of only the commit at the tip is + verified. Also the phrasing used for signature and key validity is + adjusted to align with that used by OpenPGP. + + * On Windows, .git and optionally any files whose name starts with a + dot are now marked as hidden, with a core.hideDotFiles knob to + customize this behaviour. + + * Portability enhancement for "rebase -i" to help platforms whose + shell does not like "for i in <empty>" (which is not POSIX-kosher). + + * "git fsck" learned to catch NUL byte in a commit object as + potential error and warn. + + * CI test was taught to build documentation pages. + + * Many 'linkgit:<git documentation page>' references were broken, + which are all fixed with this. + + * "git describe --contains" often made a hard-to-justify choice of + tag to give name to a given commit, because it tried to come up + with a name with smallest number of hops from a tag, causing an old + commit whose close descendant that is recently tagged were not + described with respect to an old tag but with a newer tag. It did + not help that its computation of "hop" count was further tweaked to + penalize being on a side branch of a merge. The logic has been + updated to favor using the tag with the oldest tagger date, which + is a lot easier to explain to the end users: "We describe a commit + in terms of the (chronologically) oldest tag that contains the + commit." + + * Running tests with '-x' option to trace the individual command + executions is a useful way to debug test scripts, but some tests + that capture the standard error stream and check what the command + said can be broken with the trace output mixed in. When running + our tests under "bash", however, we can redirect the trace output + to another file descriptor to keep the standard error of programs + being tested intact. + + * "http.cookieFile" configuration variable clearly wants a pathname, + but we forgot to treat it as such by e.g. applying tilde expansion. + + * When de-initialising all submodules, "git submodule deinit" gave a + faulty recommendation to use "git submodule deinit .", which would + result in a strange error message in a pathological corner case. + This has been corrected to suggest "submodule deinit --all" instead. + + * Many commands normalize command line arguments from NFD to NFC + variant of UTF-8 on OSX, but commands in the "diff" family did + not, causing "git diff $path" to complain that no such path is + known to Git. They have been taught to do the normalization. + + * A couple of bugs around core.autocrlf have been fixed. + + * "git difftool" learned to handle unmerged paths correctly in + dir-diff mode. + + * The "are we talking with TTY, doing an interactive session?" + detection has been updated to work better for "Git for Windows". + + +Also contains other minor documentation updates and code clean-ups. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b61d36712f --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,512 @@ +Git 2.9 Release Notes +===================== + +Backward compatibility notes +---------------------------- + +The end-user facing Porcelain level commands in the "git diff" and +"git log" family by default enable the rename detection; you can still +use "diff.renames" configuration variable to disable this. + +Merging two branches that have no common ancestor with "git merge" is +by default forbidden now to prevent creating such an unusual merge by +mistake. + +The output formats of "git log" that indents the commit log message by +4 spaces now expands HT in the log message by default. You can use +the "--no-expand-tabs" option to disable this. + +"git commit-tree" plumbing command required the user to always sign +its result when the user sets the commit.gpgsign configuration +variable, which was an ancient mistake, which this release corrects. +A script that drives commit-tree, if it relies on this mistake, now +needs to read commit.gpgsign and pass the -S option as necessary. + + +Updates since v2.8 +------------------ + +UI, Workflows & Features + + * Comes with git-multimail 1.3.1 (in contrib/). + + * The end-user facing commands like "git diff" and "git log" + now enable the rename detection by default. + + * The credential.helper configuration variable is cumulative and + there is no good way to override it from the command line. As + a special case, giving an empty string as its value now serves + as the signal to clear the values specified in various files. + + * A new "interactive.diffFilter" configuration can be used to + customize the diff shown in "git add -i" sessions. + + * "git p4" now allows P4 author names to be mapped to Git author + names. + + * "git rebase -x" can be used without passing "-i" option. + + * "git -c credential.<var>=<value> submodule" can now be used to + propagate configuration variables related to credential helper + down to the submodules. + + * "git tag" can create an annotated tag without explicitly given an + "-a" (or "-s") option (i.e. when a tag message is given). A new + configuration variable, tag.forceSignAnnotated, can be used to tell + the command to create signed tag in such a situation. + + * "git merge" used to allow merging two branches that have no common + base by default, which led to a brand new history of an existing + project created and then get pulled by an unsuspecting maintainer, + which allowed an unnecessary parallel history merged into the + existing project. The command has been taught not to allow this by + default, with an escape hatch "--allow-unrelated-histories" option + to be used in a rare event that merges histories of two projects + that started their lives independently. + + * "git pull" has been taught to pass the "--allow-unrelated-histories" + option to underlying "git merge". + + * "git apply -v" learned to report paths in the patch that were + skipped via --include/--exclude mechanism or being outside the + current working directory. + + * Shell completion (in contrib/) updates. + + * The commit object name reported when "rebase -i" stops has been + shortened. + + * "git worktree add" can be given "--no-checkout" option to only + create an empty worktree without checking out the files. + + * "git mergetools" learned to drive ExamDiff. + + * "git pull --rebase" learned "--[no-]autostash" option, so that + the rebase.autostash configuration variable set to true can be + overridden from the command line. + + * When "git log" shows the log message indented by 4-spaces, the + remainder of a line after a HT does not align in the way the author + originally intended. The command now expands tabs by default to help + such a case, and allows the users to override it with a new option, + "--no-expand-tabs". + + * "git send-email" now uses a more readable timestamps when + formulating a message ID. + + * "git rerere" can encounter two or more files with the same conflict + signature that have to be resolved in different ways, but there was + no way to record these separate resolutions. + + * "git p4" learned to record P4 jobs in Git commit that imports from + the history in Perforce. + + * "git describe --contains" often made a hard-to-justify choice of + tag to name a given commit, because it tried to come up + with a name with smallest number of hops from a tag, causing an old + commit whose close descendant that is recently tagged were not + described with respect to an old tag but with a newer tag. It did + not help that its computation of "hop" count was further tweaked to + penalize being on a side branch of a merge. The logic has been + updated to favor using the tag with the oldest tagger date, which + is a lot easier to explain to the end users: "We describe a commit + in terms of the (chronologically) oldest tag that contains the + commit." + + * "git clone" learned the "--shallow-submodules" option. + + * HTTP transport clients learned to throw extra HTTP headers at the + server, specified via http.extraHeader configuration variable. + + * The "--compaction-heuristic" option to "git diff" family of + commands enables a heuristic to make the patch output more readable + by using a blank line as a strong hint that the contents before and + after it belong to logically separate units. It is still + experimental. + + * A new configuration variable core.hooksPath allows customizing + where the hook directory is. + + * An earlier addition of "sanitize_submodule_env" with 14111fc4 (git: + submodule honor -c credential.* from command line, 2016-02-29) + turned out to be a convoluted no-op; implement what it wanted to do + correctly, and stop filtering settings given via "git -c var=val". + + * "git commit --dry-run" reported "No, no, you cannot commit." in one + case where "git commit" would have allowed you to commit, and this + improves it a little bit ("git commit --dry-run --short" still does + not give you the correct answer, for example). This is a stop-gap + measure in that "commit --short --dry-run" still gives an incorrect + result. + + * The experimental "multiple worktree" feature gains more safety to + forbid operations on a branch that is checked out or being actively + worked on elsewhere, by noticing that e.g. it is being rebased. + + * "git format-patch" learned a new "--base" option to record what + (public, well-known) commit the original series was built on in + its output. + + * "git commit" learned to pay attention to the "commit.verbose" + configuration variable and act as if the "--verbose" option + was given from the command line. + + * Updated documentation gives hints to GMail users with two-factor + auth enabled that they need app-specific-password when using + "git send-email". + + * The manpage output of our documentation did not render well in + terminal; typeset literals in bold by default to make them stand + out more. + + * The mark-up in the top-level README.md file has been updated to + typeset CLI command names differently from the body text. + + +Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. + + * The embedded args argv-array in the child process is used to build + the command line to run pack-objects instead of using a separate + array of strings. + + * A test for tags has been restructured so that more parts of it can + easily be run on a platform without a working GnuPG. + + * The startup_info data, which records if we are working inside a + repository (among other things), are now uniformly available to Git + subcommand implementations, and Git avoids attempting to touch + references when we are not in a repository. + + * The command line argument parser for "receive-pack" has been + rewritten to use parse-options. + + * A major part of "git submodule update" has been ported to C to take + advantage of the recently added framework to run download tasks in + parallel. Other updates to "git submodule" that move pieces of + logic to C continues. + + * Rename bunch of tests on "git clone" for better organization. + + * The tests that involve running httpd leaked the system-wide + configuration in /etc/gitconfig to the tested environment. + + * Build updates for MSVC. + + * The repository set-up sequence has been streamlined (the biggest + change is that there is no longer git_config_early()), so that we + do not attempt to look into refs/* when we know we do not have a + Git repository. + + * Code restructuring around the "refs" API to prepare for pluggable + refs backends. + + * Sources to many test helper binaries and the generated helpers + have been moved to t/helper/ subdirectory to reduce clutter at the + top level of the tree. + + * Unify internal logic between "git tag -v" and "git verify-tag" + commands by making one directly call into the other. + + * "merge-recursive" strategy incorrectly checked if a path that is + involved in its internal merge exists in the working tree. + + * The test scripts for "git p4" (but not "git p4" implementation + itself) has been updated so that they would work even on a system + where the installed version of Python is python 3. + + * As nobody maintains our in-tree git.spec.in and distros use their + own spec file, we stopped pretending that we support "make rpm". + + * Move from "unsigned char[20]" to "struct object_id" continues. + + * The code for warning_errno/die_errno has been refactored and a new + error_errno() reporting helper is introduced. + (merge 1da045f nd/error-errno later to maint). + + * Running tests with '-x' option to trace the individual command + executions is a useful way to debug test scripts, but some tests + that capture the standard error stream and check what the command + said can be broken with the trace output mixed in. When running + our tests under "bash", however, we can redirect the trace output + to another file descriptor to keep the standard error of programs + being tested intact. + + * t0040 had too many unnecessary repetitions in its test data. Teach + test-parse-options program so that a caller can tell what it + expects in its output, so that these repetitions can be cleaned up. + + * Add perf test for "rebase -i". + + * Common mistakes when writing gitlink: in our documentation are + found by "make check-docs". + + * t9xxx series has been updated primarily for readability, while + fixing small bugs in it. A few scripted Porcelain commands have + also been updated to fix possible bugs around their use of + "test -z" and "test -n". + + * CI test was taught to run git-svn tests. + + * "git cat-file --batch-all" has been sped up, by taking advantage + of the fact that it does not have to read a list of objects, in two + ways. + + * test updates to make it more readable and maintainable. + (merge e6273f4 es/t1500-modernize later to maint). + + * "make DEVELOPER=1" worked as expected; setting DEVELOPER=1 in + config.mak didn't. + (merge 51dd3e8 mm/makefile-developer-can-be-in-config-mak later to maint). + + * The way how "submodule--helper list" signals unmatch error to its + callers has been updated. + + * A bash-ism "local" has been removed from "git submodule" scripted + Porcelain. + + +Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups. + + +Fixes since v2.8 +---------------- + +Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.8 in the maintenance +track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases' +notes for details). + + * "git config --get-urlmatch", unlike other variants of the "git + config --get" family, did not signal error with its exit status + when there was no matching configuration. + + * The "--local-env-vars" and "--resolve-git-dir" options of "git + rev-parse" failed to work outside a repository when the command's + option parsing was rewritten in 1.8.5 era. + + * "git index-pack --keep[=<msg>] pack-$name.pack" simply did not work. + + * Fetching of history by naming a commit object name directly didn't + work across remote-curl transport. + + * A small memory leak in an error codepath has been plugged in xdiff + code. + + * strbuf_getwholeline() did not NUL-terminate the buffer on certain + corner cases in its error codepath. + + * "git mergetool" did not work well with conflicts that both sides + deleted. + + * "git send-email" had trouble parsing alias file in mailrc format + when lines in it had trailing whitespaces on them. + + * When "git merge --squash" stopped due to conflict, the concluding + "git commit" failed to read in the SQUASH_MSG that shows the log + messages from all the squashed commits. + + * "git merge FETCH_HEAD" dereferenced NULL pointer when merging + nothing into an unborn history (which is arguably unusual usage, + which perhaps was the reason why nobody noticed it). + + * When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -d" allowed + deletion of a branch that is checked out in another worktree, + which was wrong. + + * When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -m" renamed a + branch that is checked out in another worktree without adjusting + the HEAD symbolic ref for the worktree. + + * "git diff -M" used to work better when two originally identical + files A and B got renamed to X/A and X/B by pairing A to X/A and B + to X/B, but this was broken in the 2.0 timeframe. + + * "git send-pack --all <there>" was broken when its command line + option parsing was written in the 2.6 timeframe. + + * "git format-patch --help" showed `-s` and `--no-patch` as if these + are valid options to the command. We already hide `--patch` option + from the documentation, because format-patch is about showing the + diff, and the documentation now hides these options as well. + + * When running "git blame $path" with unnormalized data in the index + for the path, the data in the working tree was blamed, even though + "git add" would not have changed what is already in the index, due + to "safe crlf" that disables the line-end conversion. It has been + corrected. + + * A change back in version 2.7 to "git branch" broke display of a + symbolic ref in a non-standard place in the refs/ hierarchy (we + expect symbolic refs to appear in refs/remotes/*/HEAD to point at + the primary branch the remote has, and as .git/HEAD to point at the + branch we locally checked out). + + * A partial rewrite of "git submodule" in the 2.7 timeframe changed + the way the gitdir: pointer in the submodules point at the real + repository location to use absolute paths by accident. This has + been corrected. + + * "git commit" misbehaved in a few minor ways when an empty message + is given via -m '', all of which has been corrected. + + * Support for CRAM-MD5 authentication method in "git imap-send" did + not work well. + + * Upcoming OpenSSL 1.1.0 will break compilation by updating a few API + elements we use in imap-send, which has been adjusted for the change. + + * The socks5:// proxy support added back in 2.6.4 days was not aware + that socks5h:// proxies behave differently from socks5:// proxies. + + * "git config" had a codepath that tried to pass a NULL to + printf("%s"), which nobody seems to have noticed. + + * On Cygwin, object creation uses the "create a temporary and then + rename it to the final name" pattern, not "create a temporary, + hardlink it to the final name and then unlink the temporary" + pattern. + + This is necessary to use Git on Windows shared directories, and is + already enabled for the MinGW and plain Windows builds. It also + has been used in Cygwin packaged versions of Git for quite a while. + See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/291853 + + * "merge-octopus" strategy did not ensure that the index is clean + when merge begins. + + * When "git merge" notices that the merge can be resolved purely at + the tree level (without having to merge blobs) and the resulting + tree happens to already exist in the object store, it forgot to + update the index, which left an inconsistent state that would + break later operations. + + * "git submodule" reports the paths of submodules the command + recurses into, but these paths were incorrectly reported when + the command was not run from the root level of the superproject. + + * The "user.useConfigOnly" configuration variable makes it an error + if users do not explicitly set user.name and user.email. However, + its check was not done early enough and allowed another error to + trigger, reporting that the default value we guessed from the + system setting was unusable. This was a suboptimal end-user + experience as we want the users to set user.name/user.email without + relying on the auto-detection at all. + + * "git mv old new" did not adjust the path for a submodule that lives + as a subdirectory inside old/ directory correctly. + + * "git replace -e" did not honour "core.editor" configuration. + + * "git push" from a corrupt repository that attempts to push a large + number of refs deadlocked; the thread to relay rejection notices + for these ref updates blocked on writing them to the main thread, + after the main thread at the receiving end notices that the push + failed and decides not to read these notices and return a failure. + + * mmap emulation on Windows has been optimized and work better without + consuming paging store when not needed. + + * A question by "git send-email" to ask the identity of the sender + has been updated. + + * UI consistency improvements for "git mergetool". + + * "git rebase -m" could be asked to rebase an entire branch starting + from the root, but failed by assuming that there always is a parent + commit to the first commit on the branch. + + * Fix a broken "p4 lfs" test. + + * Recent update to Git LFS broke "git p4" by changing the output from + its "lfs pointer" subcommand. + + * "git fetch" test t5510 was flaky while running a (forced) automagic + garbage collection. + + * Documentation updates to help contributors setting up Travis CI + test for their patches. + + * Some multi-byte encoding can have a backslash byte as a later part + of one letter, which would confuse "highlight" filter used in + gitweb. + + * "git commit-tree" plumbing command required the user to always sign + its result when the user sets the commit.gpgsign configuration + variable, which was an ancient mistake. Rework "git rebase" that + relied on this mistake so that it reads commit.gpgsign and pass (or + not pass) the -S option to "git commit-tree" to keep the end-user + expectation the same, while teaching "git commit-tree" to ignore + the configuration variable. This will stop requiring the users to + sign commit objects used internally as an implementation detail of + "git stash". + + * "http.cookieFile" configuration variable clearly wants a pathname, + but we forgot to treat it as such by e.g. applying tilde expansion. + + * Consolidate description of tilde-expansion that is done to + configuration variables that take pathname to a single place. + + * Correct faulty recommendation to use "git submodule deinit ." when + de-initialising all submodules, which would result in a strange + error message in a pathological corner case. + + * Many 'linkgit:<git documentation page>' references were broken, + which are all fixed with this. + + * "git rerere" can get confused by conflict markers deliberately left + by the inner merge step, because they are indistinguishable from + the real conflict markers left by the outermost merge which are + what the end user and "rerere" need to look at. This was fixed by + making the conflict markers left by the inner merges a bit longer. + (merge 0f9fd5c jc/ll-merge-internal later to maint). + + * CI test was taught to build documentation pages. + + * "git fsck" learned to catch NUL byte in a commit object as + potential error and warn. + + * Portability enhancement for "rebase -i" to help platforms whose + shell does not like "for i in <empty>" (which is not POSIX-kosher). + + * On Windows, .git and optionally any files whose name starts with a + dot are now marked as hidden, with a core.hideDotFiles knob to + customize this behaviour. + + * Documentation for "git merge --verify-signatures" has been updated + to clarify that the signature of only the commit at the tip is + verified. Also the phrasing used for signature and key validity is + adjusted to align with that used by OpenPGP. + + * A couple of bugs around core.autocrlf have been fixed. + + * Many commands normalize command line arguments from NFD to NFC + variant of UTF-8 on OSX, but commands in the "diff" family did + not, causing "git diff $path" to complain that no such path is + known to Git. They have been taught to do the normalization. + + * "git difftool" learned to handle unmerged paths correctly in + dir-diff mode. + + * The "are we talking with TTY, doing an interactive session?" + detection has been updated to work better for "Git for Windows". + + * We forgot to add "git log --decorate=auto" to documentation when we + added the feature back in v2.1.0 timeframe. + (merge 462cbb4 rj/log-decorate-auto later to maint). + + * "git fast-import --export-marks" would overwrite the existing marks + file even when it makes a dump from its custom die routine. + Prevent it from doing so when we have an import-marks file but + haven't finished reading it. + (merge f4beed6 fc/fast-import-broken-marks-file later to maint). + + * "git rebase -i", after it fails to auto-resolve the conflict, had + an unnecessary call to "git rerere" from its very early days, which + was spotted recently; the call has been removed. + (merge 7063693 js/rebase-i-dedup-call-to-rerere later to maint). + + * Other minor clean-ups and documentation updates + (merge cd82b7a pa/cherry-pick-doc-typo later to maint). + (merge 2bb73ae rs/patch-id-use-skip-prefix later to maint). + (merge aa20cbc rs/apply-name-terminate later to maint). + (merge fe17fc0 jc/t2300-setup later to maint). + (merge e256eec jk/shell-portability later to maint). diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches index 98fc4cc1d0..e8ad978824 100644 --- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches +++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches @@ -61,23 +61,28 @@ Make sure that you have tests for the bug you are fixing. See t/README for guidance. When adding a new feature, make sure that you have new tests to show -the feature triggers the new behaviour when it should, and to show the -feature does not trigger when it shouldn't. Also make sure that the -test suite passes after your commit. Do not forget to update the -documentation to describe the updated behaviour. - -Speaking of the documentation, it is currently a liberal mixture of US -and UK English norms for spelling and grammar, which is somewhat -unfortunate. A huge patch that touches the files all over the place -only to correct the inconsistency is not welcome, though. Potential -clashes with other changes that can result from such a patch are not -worth it. We prefer to gradually reconcile the inconsistencies in -favor of US English, with small and easily digestible patches, as a -side effect of doing some other real work in the vicinity (e.g. -rewriting a paragraph for clarity, while turning en_UK spelling to -en_US). Obvious typographical fixes are much more welcomed ("teh -> -"the"), preferably submitted as independent patches separate from -other documentation changes. +the feature triggers the new behavior when it should, and to show the +feature does not trigger when it shouldn't. After any code change, make +sure that the entire test suite passes. + +If you have an account at GitHub (and you can get one for free to work +on open source projects), you can use their Travis CI integration to +test your changes on Linux, Mac (and hopefully soon Windows). See +GitHub-Travis CI hints section for details. + +Do not forget to update the documentation to describe the updated +behavior and make sure that the resulting documentation set formats +well. It is currently a liberal mixture of US and UK English norms for +spelling and grammar, which is somewhat unfortunate. A huge patch that +touches the files all over the place only to correct the inconsistency +is not welcome, though. Potential clashes with other changes that can +result from such a patch are not worth it. We prefer to gradually +reconcile the inconsistencies in favor of US English, with small and +easily digestible patches, as a side effect of doing some other real +work in the vicinity (e.g. rewriting a paragraph for clarity, while +turning en_UK spelling to en_US). Obvious typographical fixes are much +more welcomed ("teh -> "the"), preferably submitted as independent +patches separate from other documentation changes. Oh, another thing. We are picky about whitespaces. Make sure your changes do not trigger errors with the sample pre-commit hook shipped @@ -370,6 +375,47 @@ Know the status of your patch after submission entitled "What's cooking in git.git" and "What's in git.git" giving the status of various proposed changes. +-------------------------------------------------- +GitHub-Travis CI hints + +With an account at GitHub (you can get one for free to work on open +source projects), you can use Travis CI to test your changes on Linux, +Mac (and hopefully soon Windows). You can find a successful example +test build here: https://travis-ci.org/git/git/builds/120473209 + +Follow these steps for the initial setup: + + (1) Fork https://github.com/git/git to your GitHub account. + You can find detailed instructions how to fork here: + https://help.github.com/articles/fork-a-repo/ + + (2) Open the Travis CI website: https://travis-ci.org + + (3) Press the "Sign in with GitHub" button. + + (4) Grant Travis CI permissions to access your GitHub account. + You can find more information about the required permissions here: + https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/github-oauth-scopes + + (5) Open your Travis CI profile page: https://travis-ci.org/profile + + (6) Enable Travis CI builds for your Git fork. + +After the initial setup, Travis CI will run whenever you push new changes +to your fork of Git on GitHub. You can monitor the test state of all your +branches here: https://travis-ci.org/<Your GitHub handle>/git/branches + +If a branch did not pass all test cases then it is marked with a red +cross. In that case you can click on the failing Travis CI job and +scroll all the way down in the log. Find the line "<-- Click here to see +detailed test output!" and click on the triangle next to the log line +number to expand the detailed test output. Here is such a failing +example: https://travis-ci.org/git/git/jobs/122676187 + +Fix the problem and push your fix to your Git fork. This will trigger +a new Travis CI build to ensure all tests pass. + + ------------------------------------------------ MUA specific hints diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt index 2cd6bdd7d2..2e1b2e486e 100644 --- a/Documentation/config.txt +++ b/Documentation/config.txt @@ -81,13 +81,16 @@ Includes You can include one config file from another by setting the special `include.path` variable to the name of the file to be included. The +variable takes a pathname as its value, and is subject to tilde +expansion. + +The included file is expanded immediately, as if its contents had been found at the location of the include directive. If the value of the `include.path` variable is a relative path, the path is considered to be relative to the configuration file in which the include directive was -found. The value of `include.path` is subject to tilde expansion: `~/` -is expanded to the value of `$HOME`, and `~user/` to the specified -user's home directory. See below for examples. +found. See below for examples. + Example ~~~~~~~ @@ -114,7 +117,7 @@ Example [include] path = /path/to/foo.inc ; include by absolute path path = foo ; expand "foo" relative to the current file - path = ~/foo ; expand "foo" in your $HOME directory + path = ~/foo ; expand "foo" in your `$HOME` directory Values @@ -169,6 +172,13 @@ thing on the same output line (e.g. opening parenthesis before the list of branch names in `log --decorate` output) is set to be painted with `bold` or some other attribute. +pathname:: + A variable that takes a pathname value can be given a + string that begins with "`~/`" or "`~user/`", and the usual + tilde expansion happens to such a string: `~/` + is expanded to the value of `$HOME`, and `~user/` to the + specified user's home directory. + Variables ~~~~~~~~~ @@ -269,6 +279,12 @@ See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. + The default is true (when core.filemode is not specified in the config file). +core.hideDotFiles:: + (Windows-only) If true, mark newly-created directories and files whose + name starts with a dot as hidden. If 'dotGitOnly', only the `.git/` + directory is hidden, but no other files starting with a dot. The + default mode is 'dotGitOnly'. + core.ignoreCase:: If true, this option enables various workarounds to enable Git to work better on filesystems that are not case sensitive, @@ -337,9 +353,9 @@ core.quotePath:: core.eol:: Sets the line ending type to use in the working directory for - files that have the `text` property set. Alternatives are - 'lf', 'crlf' and 'native', which uses the platform's native - line ending. The default value is `native`. See + files that have the `text` property set when core.autocrlf is false. + Alternatives are 'lf', 'crlf' and 'native', which uses the platform's + native line ending. The default value is `native`. See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for more information on end-of-line conversion. @@ -486,10 +502,10 @@ repository's usual working tree). core.logAllRefUpdates:: Enable the reflog. Updates to a ref <ref> is logged to the file - "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>", by appending the new and old + "`$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>`", by appending the new and old SHA-1, the date/time and the reason of the update, but only when the file exists. If this configuration - variable is set to true, missing "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>" + variable is set to true, missing "`$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>`" file is automatically created for branch heads (i.e. under refs/heads/), remote refs (i.e. under refs/remotes/), note refs (i.e. under refs/notes/), and the symbolic ref HEAD. @@ -593,12 +609,11 @@ be delta compressed, but larger binary media files won't be. Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported. core.excludesFile:: - In addition to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and - '.git/info/exclude', Git looks into this file for patterns - of files which are not meant to be tracked. "`~/`" is expanded - to the value of `$HOME` and "`~user/`" to the specified user's - home directory. Its default value is $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore. - If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/ignore + Specifies the pathname to the file that contains patterns to + describe paths that are not meant to be tracked, in addition + to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and '.git/info/exclude'. + Defaults to `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore`. + If `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is either not set or empty, `$HOME/.config/git/ignore` is used instead. See linkgit:gitignore[5]. core.askPass:: @@ -615,8 +630,25 @@ core.attributesFile:: '.git/info/attributes', Git looks into this file for attributes (see linkgit:gitattributes[5]). Path expansions are made the same way as for `core.excludesFile`. Its default value is - $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not - set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/attributes is used instead. + `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes`. If `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is either not + set or empty, `$HOME/.config/git/attributes` is used instead. + +core.hooksPath:: + By default Git will look for your hooks in the + '$GIT_DIR/hooks' directory. Set this to different path, + e.g. '/etc/git/hooks', and Git will try to find your hooks in + that directory, e.g. '/etc/git/hooks/pre-receive' instead of + in '$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-receive'. ++ +The path can be either absolute or relative. A relative path is +taken as relative to the directory where the hooks are run (see +the "DESCRIPTION" section of linkgit:githooks[5]). ++ +This configuration variable is useful in cases where you'd like to +centrally configure your Git hooks instead of configuring them on a +per-repository basis, or as a more flexible and centralized +alternative to having an `init.templateDir` where you've changed +default hooks. core.editor:: Commands such as `commit` and `tag` that lets you edit @@ -1106,15 +1138,19 @@ commit.status:: message. Defaults to true. commit.template:: - Specify a file to use as the template for new commit messages. - "`~/`" is expanded to the value of `$HOME` and "`~user/`" to the - specified user's home directory. + Specify the pathname of a file to use as the template for + new commit messages. + +commit.verbose:: + A boolean or int to specify the level of verbose with `git commit`. + See linkgit:git-commit[1]. credential.helper:: Specify an external helper to be called when a username or password credential is needed; the helper may consult external - storage to avoid prompting the user for the credentials. See - linkgit:gitcredentials[7] for details. + storage to avoid prompting the user for the credentials. Note + that multiple helpers may be defined. See linkgit:gitcredentials[7] + for details. credential.useHttpPath:: When acquiring credentials, consider the "path" component of an http @@ -1258,6 +1294,10 @@ format.outputDirectory:: Set a custom directory to store the resulting files instead of the current working directory. +format.useAutoBase:: + A boolean value which lets you enable the `--base=auto` option of + format-patch by default. + filter.<driver>.clean:: The command which is used to convert the content of a worktree file to a blob upon checkin. See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for @@ -1334,7 +1374,7 @@ gc.worktreePruneExpire:: 'git worktree prune --expire 3.months.ago'. This config variable can be used to set a different grace period. The value "now" may be used to disable the grace - period and prune $GIT_DIR/worktrees immediately, or "never" + period and prune `$GIT_DIR/worktrees` immediately, or "never" may be used to suppress pruning. gc.reflogExpire:: @@ -1474,13 +1514,13 @@ grep.fallbackToNoIndex:: is executed outside of a git repository. Defaults to false. gpg.program:: - Use this custom program instead of "gpg" found on $PATH when + Use this custom program instead of "`gpg`" found on `$PATH` when making or verifying a PGP signature. The program must support the same command-line interface as GPG, namely, to verify a detached - signature, "gpg --verify $file - <$signature" is run, and the + signature, "`gpg --verify $file - <$signature`" is run, and the program is expected to signal a good signature by exiting with code 0, and to generate an ASCII-armored detached signature, the - standard input of "gpg -bsau $key" is fed with the contents to be + standard input of "`gpg -bsau $key`" is fed with the contents to be signed, and the program is expected to send the result to its standard output. @@ -1493,7 +1533,7 @@ gui.diffContext:: made by the linkgit:git-gui[1]. The default is "5". gui.displayUntracked:: - Determines if linkgit::git-gui[1] shows untracked files + Determines if linkgit:git-gui[1] shows untracked files in the file list. The default is "true". gui.encoding:: @@ -1654,12 +1694,19 @@ http.emptyAuth:: a username in the URL, as libcurl normally requires a username for authentication. +http.extraHeader:: + Pass an additional HTTP header when communicating with a server. If + more than one such entry exists, all of them are added as extra + headers. To allow overriding the settings inherited from the system + config, an empty value will reset the extra headers to the empty list. + http.cookieFile:: - File containing previously stored cookie lines which should be used + The pathname of a file containing previously stored cookie lines, + which should be used in the Git http session, if they match the server. The file format of the file to read cookies from should be plain HTTP headers or - the Netscape/Mozilla cookie file format (see linkgit:curl[1]). - NOTE that the file specified with http.cookieFile is only used as + the Netscape/Mozilla cookie file format (see `curl(1)`). + NOTE that the file specified with http.cookieFile is used only as input unless http.saveCookies is set. http.saveCookies:: @@ -1886,6 +1933,14 @@ interactive.singleKey:: setting is silently ignored if portable keystroke input is not available; requires the Perl module Term::ReadKey. +interactive.diffFilter:: + When an interactive command (such as `git add --patch`) shows + a colorized diff, git will pipe the diff through the shell + command defined by this configuration variable. The command may + mark up the diff further for human consumption, provided that it + retains a one-to-one correspondence with the lines in the + original diff. Defaults to disabled (no filtering). + log.abbrevCommit:: If true, makes linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-show[1], and linkgit:git-whatchanged[1] assume `--abbrev-commit`. You may @@ -1901,7 +1956,10 @@ log.decorate:: command. If 'short' is specified, the ref name prefixes 'refs/heads/', 'refs/tags/' and 'refs/remotes/' will not be printed. If 'full' is specified, the full ref name (including prefix) will be printed. - This is the same as the log commands '--decorate' option. + If 'auto' is specified, then if the output is going to a terminal, + the ref names are shown as if 'short' were given, otherwise no ref + names are shown. This is the same as the '--decorate' option + of the `git log`. log.follow:: If `true`, `git log` will act as if the `--follow` option was used when @@ -2147,8 +2205,11 @@ pack.packSizeLimit:: The maximum size of a pack. This setting only affects packing to a file when repacking, i.e. the git:// protocol is unaffected. It can be overridden by the `--max-pack-size` - option of linkgit:git-repack[1]. The minimum size allowed is - limited to 1 MiB. The default is unlimited. + option of linkgit:git-repack[1]. Reaching this limit results + in the creation of multiple packfiles; which in turn prevents + bitmaps from being created. + The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB. + The default is unlimited. Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported. @@ -2548,8 +2609,9 @@ repack.writeBitmaps:: objects to disk (e.g., when `git repack -a` is run). This index can speed up the "counting objects" phase of subsequent packs created for clones and fetches, at the cost of some disk - space and extra time spent on the initial repack. Defaults to - false. + space and extra time spent on the initial repack. This has + no effect if multiple packfiles are created. + Defaults to false. rerere.autoUpdate:: When set to true, `git-rerere` updates the index with the @@ -2729,6 +2791,17 @@ submodule.<name>.ignore:: "--ignore-submodules" option. The 'git submodule' commands are not affected by this setting. +submodule.fetchJobs:: + Specifies how many submodules are fetched/cloned at the same time. + A positive integer allows up to that number of submodules fetched + in parallel. A value of 0 will give some reasonable default. + If unset, it defaults to 1. + +tag.forceSignAnnotated:: + A boolean to specify whether annotated tags created should be GPG signed. + If `--annotate` is specified on the command line, it takes + precedence over this option. + tag.sort:: This variable controls the sort ordering of tags when displayed by linkgit:git-tag[1]. Without the "--sort=<value>" option provided, the diff --git a/Documentation/diff-config.txt b/Documentation/diff-config.txt index 6eaa45271c..d78cfc5a37 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-config.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-config.txt @@ -108,9 +108,13 @@ diff.renameLimit:: detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option '-l'. diff.renames:: - Tells Git to detect renames. If set to any boolean value, it - will enable basic rename detection. If set to "copies" or - "copy", it will detect copies, as well. + Whether and how Git detects renames. If set to "false", + rename detection is disabled. If set to "true", basic rename + detection is enabled. If set to "copies" or "copy", Git will + detect copies, as well. Defaults to true. Note that this + affects only 'git diff' Porcelain like linkgit:git-diff[1] and + linkgit:git-log[1], and not lower level commands such as + linkgit:git-diff-files[1]. diff.suppressBlankEmpty:: A boolean to inhibit the standard behavior of printing a space @@ -166,6 +170,11 @@ diff.tool:: include::mergetools-diff.txt[] +diff.compactionHeuristic:: + Set this option to `true` to enable an experimental heuristic that + shifts the hunk boundary in an attempt to make the resulting + patch easier to read. + diff.algorithm:: Choose a diff algorithm. The variants are as follows: + diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt index 306b7e3604..d9ae681d8f 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt @@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[] ifdef::git-diff[] This is the default. endif::git-diff[] -endif::git-format-patch[] -s:: --no-patch:: Suppress diff output. Useful for commands like `git show` that show the patch by default, or to cancel the effect of `--patch`. +endif::git-format-patch[] -U<n>:: --unified=<n>:: @@ -63,6 +63,13 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[] Synonym for `-p --raw`. endif::git-format-patch[] +--compaction-heuristic:: +--no-compaction-heuristic:: + These are to help debugging and tuning an experimental + heuristic (which is off by default) that shifts the hunk + boundary in an attempt to make the resulting patch easier + to read. + --minimal:: Spend extra time to make sure the smallest possible diff is produced. @@ -271,7 +278,7 @@ For example, `--word-diff-regex=.` will treat each character as a word and, correspondingly, show differences character by character. + The regex can also be set via a diff driver or configuration option, see -linkgit:gitattributes[1] or linkgit:git-config[1]. Giving it explicitly +linkgit:gitattributes[5] or linkgit:git-config[1]. Giving it explicitly overrides any diff driver or configuration setting. Diff drivers override configuration settings. @@ -286,8 +293,8 @@ endif::git-format-patch[] ifndef::git-format-patch[] --check:: - Warn if changes introduce whitespace errors. What are - considered whitespace errors is controlled by `core.whitespace` + Warn if changes introduce conflict markers or whitespace errors. + What are considered whitespace errors is controlled by `core.whitespace` configuration. By default, trailing whitespaces (including lines that solely consist of whitespaces) and a space character that is immediately followed by a tab character inside the diff --git a/Documentation/everyday.txto b/Documentation/everyday.txto index c5047d8f9b..ae555bd47e 100644 --- a/Documentation/everyday.txto +++ b/Documentation/everyday.txto @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So =================================== -This document has been moved to linkgit:giteveryday[1]. +This document has been moved to linkgit:giteveryday[7]. Please let the owners of the referring site know so that they can update the link you clicked to get here. diff --git a/Documentation/git-apply.txt b/Documentation/git-apply.txt index d9ed6a1a4e..8ddb207409 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-apply.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-apply.txt @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [--apply] [--no-add] [--build-fake-ancestor=<file>] [-R | --reverse] [--allow-binary-replacement | --binary] [--reject] [-z] [-p<n>] [-C<n>] [--inaccurate-eof] [--recount] [--cached] - [--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace ] + [--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace] [--whitespace=(nowarn|warn|fix|error|error-all)] [--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--directory=<root>] [--verbose] [--unsafe-paths] [<patch>...] @@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ----------- Reads the supplied diff output (i.e. "a patch") and applies it to files. +When running from a subdirectory in a repository, patched paths +outside the directory are ignored. With the `--index` option the patch is also applied to the index, and with the `--cached` option the patch is only applied to the index. Without these options, the command applies the patch only to files, diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt index e94367a5ed..611754f10b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ EXIT STATUS SEE ALSO -------- linkgit:gitignore[5] -linkgit:gitconfig[5] +linkgit:git-config[1] linkgit:git-ls-files[1] GIT diff --git a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt index 6154e57238..c104a594af 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt @@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ effect to your index in a row. --allow-empty-message:: By default, cherry-picking a commit with an empty message will fail. - This option overrides that behaviour, allowing commits with empty + This option overrides that behavior, allowing commits with empty messages to be cherry picked. --keep-redundant-commits:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt index b7c467a001..1b15cd7b16 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt @@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ SYNOPSIS [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>] [--dissociate] [--separate-git-dir <git dir>] [--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch] - [--recursive | --recurse-submodules] [--] <repository> - [<directory>] + [--recursive | --recurse-submodules] [--[no-]shallow-submodules] + [--jobs <n>] [--] <repository> [<directory>] DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -191,7 +191,9 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository. Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the specified number of commits. Implies `--single-branch` unless `--no-single-branch` is given to fetch the histories near the - tips of all branches. + tips of all branches. This implies `--shallow-submodules`. If + you want to have a shallow superproject clone, but full submodules, + also pass `--no-shallow-submodules`. --[no-]single-branch:: Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch, @@ -212,6 +214,9 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository. repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of `--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given) +--[no-]shallow-submodules:: + All submodules which are cloned will be shallow with a depth of 1. + --separate-git-dir=<git dir>:: Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory, @@ -219,6 +224,10 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository. The result is Git repository can be separated from working tree. +-j <n>:: +--jobs <n>:: + The number of submodules fetched at the same time. + Defaults to the `submodule.fetchJobs` option. <repository>:: The (possibly remote) repository to clone from. See the diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt index 48c33d7ed7..cb69faab68 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt @@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ OPTIONS stuck to the option without a space. --no-gpg-sign:: - Countermand `commit.gpgSign` configuration variable that is - set to force each and every commit to be signed. + Do not GPG-sign commit, to countermand a `--gpg-sign` option + given earlier on the command line. Commit Information diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt index 9ec6b3cc17..d474226eb7 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt @@ -290,7 +290,8 @@ configuration variable documented in linkgit:git-config[1]. what changes the commit has. Note that this diff output doesn't have its lines prefixed with '#'. This diff will not be a part - of the commit message. + of the commit message. See the `commit.verbose` configuration + variable in linkgit:git-config[1]. + If specified twice, show in addition the unified diff between what would be committed and the worktree files, i.e. the unstaged diff --git a/Documentation/git-config.txt b/Documentation/git-config.txt index 153b2d89b5..6843114fc0 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-config.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-config.txt @@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ that location (you can say '--local' but that is the default). This command will fail with non-zero status upon error. Some exit codes are: -. The config file is invalid (ret=3), -. can not write to the config file (ret=4), -. no section or name was provided (ret=2), -. the section or key is invalid (ret=1), -. you try to unset an option which does not exist (ret=5), -. you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match (ret=5), or -. you try to use an invalid regexp (ret=6). +- The section or key is invalid (ret=1), +- no section or name was provided (ret=2), +- the config file is invalid (ret=3), +- the config file cannot be written (ret=4), +- you try to unset an option which does not exist (ret=5), +- you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match (ret=5), or +- you try to use an invalid regexp (ret=6). On success, the command returns the exit code 0. @@ -86,8 +86,7 @@ OPTIONS found and the last value if multiple key values were found. --get-all:: - Like get, but does not fail if the number of values for the key - is not exactly one. + Like get, but returns all values for a multi-valued key. --get-regexp:: Like --get-all, but interprets the name as a regular expression and @@ -102,7 +101,7 @@ OPTIONS given URL is returned (if no such key exists, the value for section.key is used as a fallback). When given just the section as name, do so for all the keys in the section and - list them. + list them. Returns error code 1 if no value is found. --global:: For writing options: write to global `~/.gitconfig` file diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt index 8680f45f8d..239623cc24 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt @@ -104,6 +104,10 @@ be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet. The remote heads to update from. This is relative to $GIT_DIR (e.g. "HEAD", "refs/heads/master"). When unspecified, update from all heads the remote side has. ++ +If the remote has enabled the options `uploadpack.allowTipSHA1InWant` or +`uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant`, they may alternatively be 40-hex +sha1s present on the remote. SEE ALSO -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt index 73fd9e8230..003731f6a9 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt @@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ to other tags will be rewritten to point to the underlying commit. Remap to ancestor ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -By using linkgit:rev-list[1] arguments, e.g., path limiters, you can limit the +By using linkgit:git-rev-list[1] arguments, e.g., path limiters, you can limit the set of revisions which get rewritten. However, positive refs on the command line are distinguished: we don't let them be excluded by such limiters. For this purpose, they are instead rewritten to point at the nearest ancestor that diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt index 012e8f9a08..d9d406dcfb 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ OPTIONS specified commit (HEAD if not specified). --contains [<object>]:: - Only list tags which contain the specified commit (HEAD if not + Only list refs which contain the specified commit (HEAD if not specified). FIELD NAMES @@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ returns an empty string instead. As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for the date by adding `:` followed by date format name (see the -values the `--date` option to linkgit::git-rev-list[1] takes). +values the `--date` option to linkgit:git-rev-list[1] takes). EXAMPLES diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt index 6821441d7d..bdeecd59e0 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt @@ -265,6 +265,11 @@ you can use `--suffix=-patch` to get `0001-description-of-my-change-patch`. Output an all-zero hash in each patch's From header instead of the hash of the commit. +--base=<commit>:: + Record the base tree information to identify the state the + patch series applies to. See the BASE TREE INFORMATION section + below for details. + --root:: Treat the revision argument as a <revision range>, even if it is just a single commit (that would normally be treated as a @@ -520,6 +525,61 @@ This should help you to submit patches inline using KMail. 5. Back in the compose window: add whatever other text you wish to the message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send. +BASE TREE INFORMATION +--------------------- + +The base tree information block is used for maintainers or third party +testers to know the exact state the patch series applies to. It consists +of the 'base commit', which is a well-known commit that is part of the +stable part of the project history everybody else works off of, and zero +or more 'prerequisite patches', which are well-known patches in flight +that is not yet part of the 'base commit' that need to be applied on top +of 'base commit' in topological order before the patches can be applied. + +The 'base commit' is shown as "base-commit: " followed by the 40-hex of +the commit object name. A 'prerequisite patch' is shown as +"prerequisite-patch-id: " followed by the 40-hex 'patch id', which can +be obtained by passing the patch through the `git patch-id --stable` +command. + +Imagine that on top of the public commit P, you applied well-known +patches X, Y and Z from somebody else, and then built your three-patch +series A, B, C, the history would be like: + +................................................ +---P---X---Y---Z---A---B---C +................................................ + +With `git format-patch --base=P -3 C` (or variants thereof, e.g. with +`--cover-letter` of using `Z..C` instead of `-3 C` to specify the +range), the base tree information block is shown at the end of the +first message the command outputs (either the first patch, or the +cover letter), like this: + +------------ +base-commit: P +prerequisite-patch-id: X +prerequisite-patch-id: Y +prerequisite-patch-id: Z +------------ + +For non-linear topology, such as + +................................................ +---P---X---A---M---C + \ / + Y---Z---B +................................................ + +You can also use `git format-patch --base=P -3 C` to generate patches +for A, B and C, and the identifiers for P, X, Y, Z are appended at the +end of the first message. + +If set `--base=auto` in cmdline, it will track base commit automatically, +the base commit will be the merge base of tip commit of the remote-tracking +branch and revision-range specified in cmdline. +For a local branch, you need to track a remote branch by `git branch +--set-upstream-to` before using this option. EXAMPLES -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-init.txt b/Documentation/git-init.txt index 8174d27efd..6364e5dc45 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-init.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-init.txt @@ -130,7 +130,12 @@ The template directory will be one of the following (in order): - the default template directory: `/usr/share/git-core/templates`. The default template directory includes some directory structure, suggested -"exclude patterns" (see linkgit:gitignore[5]), and sample hook files (see linkgit:githooks[5]). +"exclude patterns" (see linkgit:gitignore[5]), and sample hook files. + +The sample hooks are all disabled by default, To enable one of the +sample hooks rename it by removing its `.sample` suffix. + +See linkgit:githooks[5] for more general info on hook execution. EXAMPLES -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-log.txt b/Documentation/git-log.txt index 03f958029a..dec379b3e2 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-log.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-log.txt @@ -29,12 +29,14 @@ OPTIONS (works only for a single file). --no-decorate:: ---decorate[=short|full|no]:: +--decorate[=short|full|auto|no]:: Print out the ref names of any commits that are shown. If 'short' is specified, the ref name prefixes 'refs/heads/', 'refs/tags/' and 'refs/remotes/' will not be printed. If 'full' is specified, the - full ref name (including prefix) will be printed. The default option - is 'short'. + full ref name (including prefix) will be printed. If 'auto' is + specified, then if the output is going to a terminal, the ref names + are shown as if 'short' were given, otherwise no ref names are + shown. The default option is 'short'. --source:: Print out the ref name given on the command line by which each diff --git a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt index 0947084140..3bbc731f67 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ with comments and suggestions on the message you are responding to, and to conclude it with a patch submission, separating the discussion and the beginning of the proposed commit log message with a scissors line. + -This can enabled by default with the configuration option mailinfo.scissors. +This can be enabled by default with the configuration option mailinfo.scissors. --no-scissors:: Ignore scissors lines. Useful for overriding mailinfo.scissors settings. diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt index 07f7295ec8..b758d5556c 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [verse] 'git merge' [-n] [--stat] [--no-commit] [--squash] [--[no-]edit] [-s <strategy>] [-X <strategy-option>] [-S[<keyid>]] + [--[no-]allow-unrelated-histories] [--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [<commit>...] 'git merge' <msg> HEAD <commit>... 'git merge' --abort diff --git a/Documentation/git-notes.txt b/Documentation/git-notes.txt index 8de349968a..9c4fd6812c 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-notes.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-notes.txt @@ -402,4 +402,4 @@ on the `notes.rewrite.<command>` and `notes.rewriteRef` settings. GIT --- -Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite +Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git-p4.txt b/Documentation/git-p4.txt index 35e3170918..88ba42b455 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-p4.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-p4.txt @@ -551,6 +551,17 @@ git-p4.keepEmptyCommits:: A changelist that contains only excluded files will be imported as an empty commit if this boolean option is set to true. +git-p4.mapUser:: + Map a P4 user to a name and email address in Git. Use a string + with the following format to create a mapping: ++ +------------- +git config --add git-p4.mapUser "p4user = First Last <mail@address.com>" +------------- ++ +A mapping will override any user information from P4. Mappings for +multiple P4 user can be defined. + Submit variables ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ git-p4.detectRenames:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt index bbea5294ca..19cdcd0341 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt @@ -110,7 +110,8 @@ base-name:: --max-pack-size=<n>:: Maximum size of each output pack file. The size can be suffixed with "k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB. - If specified, multiple packfiles may be created. + If specified, multiple packfiles may be created, which also + prevents the creation of a bitmap index. The default is unlimited, unless the config variable `pack.packSizeLimit` is set. diff --git a/Documentation/git-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-pull.txt index a62a2a615d..d033b258e5 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-pull.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-pull.txt @@ -128,6 +128,15 @@ unless you have read linkgit:git-rebase[1] carefully. --no-rebase:: Override earlier --rebase. +--autostash:: +--no-autostash:: + Before starting rebase, stash local modifications away (see + linkgit:git-stash[1]) if needed, and apply the stash when + done. `--no-autostash` is useful to override the `rebase.autoStash` + configuration variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]). ++ +This option is only valid when "--rebase" is used. + Options related to fetching ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt index 6ed610a031..0387b40e0a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt @@ -391,9 +391,6 @@ idea unless you know what you are doing (see BUGS below). final history. <cmd> will be interpreted as one or more shell commands. + -This option can only be used with the `--interactive` option -(see INTERACTIVE MODE below). -+ You may execute several commands by either using one instance of `--exec` with several commands: + @@ -406,6 +403,9 @@ or by giving more than one `--exec`: If `--autosquash` is used, "exec" lines will not be appended for the intermediate commits, and will only appear at the end of each squash/fixup series. ++ +This uses the `--interactive` machinery internally, but it can be run +without an explicit `--interactive`. --root:: Rebase all commits reachable from <branch>, instead of diff --git a/Documentation/git-repack.txt b/Documentation/git-repack.txt index af230d0647..b9c02ce481 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-repack.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-repack.txt @@ -106,7 +106,8 @@ other objects in that pack they already have locally. --max-pack-size=<n>:: Maximum size of each output pack file. The size can be suffixed with "k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB. - If specified, multiple packfiles may be created. + If specified, multiple packfiles may be created, which also + prevents the creation of a bitmap index. The default is unlimited, unless the config variable `pack.packSizeLimit` is set. @@ -115,7 +116,8 @@ other objects in that pack they already have locally. Write a reachability bitmap index as part of the repack. This only makes sense when used with `-a` or `-A`, as the bitmaps must be able to refer to all reachable objects. This option - overrides the setting of `pack.writeBitmaps`. + overrides the setting of `repack.writeBitmaps`. This option + has no effect if multiple packfiles are created. --pack-kept-objects:: Include objects in `.keep` files when repacking. Note that we @@ -123,7 +125,7 @@ other objects in that pack they already have locally. This means that we may duplicate objects, but this makes the option safe to use when there are concurrent pushes or fetches. This option is generally only useful if you are writing bitmaps - with `-b` or `pack.writeBitmaps`, as it ensures that the + with `-b` or `repack.writeBitmaps`, as it ensures that the bitmapped packfile has the necessary objects. Configuration diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt index 771a7b5b09..a88d18604a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt @@ -450,6 +450,19 @@ edit ~/.gitconfig to specify your account settings: smtpUser = yourname@gmail.com smtpServerPort = 587 +If you have multifactor authentication setup on your gmail account, you will +need to generate an app-specific password for use with 'git send-email'. Visit +https://security.google.com/settings/security/apppasswords to setup an +app-specific password. Once setup, you can store it with the credentials +helper: + + $ git credential fill + protocol=smtp + host=smtp.gmail.com + username=youname@gmail.com + password=app-password + + Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the following commands: diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt index 1572f058f5..9226c4380c 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt @@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ SYNOPSIS [--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<path>] 'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...] 'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...] -'git submodule' [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] [--] <path>... +'git submodule' [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] (--all|[--] <path>...) 'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch] [-f|--force] [--rebase|--merge] [--reference <repository>] - [--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...] + [--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--jobs <n>] [--] [<path>...] 'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [(-n|--summary-limit) <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...] 'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command> @@ -140,12 +140,15 @@ deinit:: tree. Further calls to `git submodule update`, `git submodule foreach` and `git submodule sync` will skip any unregistered submodules until they are initialized again, so use this command if you don't want to - have a local checkout of the submodule in your work tree anymore. If + have a local checkout of the submodule in your working tree anymore. If you really want to remove a submodule from the repository and commit that use linkgit:git-rm[1] instead. + -If `--force` is specified, the submodule's work tree will be removed even if -it contains local modifications. +When the command is run without pathspec, it errors out, +instead of deinit-ing everything, to prevent mistakes. ++ +If `--force` is specified, the submodule's working tree will +be removed even if it contains local modifications. update:: + @@ -247,6 +250,10 @@ OPTIONS --quiet:: Only print error messages. +--all:: + This option is only valid for the deinit command. Unregister all + submodules in the working tree. + -b:: --branch:: Branch of repository to add as submodule. @@ -257,8 +264,8 @@ OPTIONS --force:: This option is only valid for add, deinit and update commands. When running add, allow adding an otherwise ignored submodule path. - When running deinit the submodule work trees will be removed even if - they contain local changes. + When running deinit the submodule working trees will be removed even + if they contain local changes. When running update (only effective with the checkout procedure), throw away local changes in submodules when switching to a different commit; and always run a checkout operation in the @@ -377,6 +384,11 @@ for linkgit:git-clone[1]'s `--reference` and `--shared` options carefully. clone with a history truncated to the specified number of revisions. See linkgit:git-clone[1] +-j <n>:: +--jobs <n>:: + This option is only valid for the update command. + Clone new submodules in parallel with as many jobs. + Defaults to the `submodule.fetchJobs` option. <path>...:: Paths to submodule(s). When specified this will restrict the command diff --git a/Documentation/git-worktree.txt b/Documentation/git-worktree.txt index 62c76c1c89..c62234538b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-worktree.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-worktree.txt @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-worktree - Manage multiple working trees SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git worktree add' [-f] [--detach] [-b <new-branch>] <path> [<branch>] +'git worktree add' [-f] [--detach] [--checkout] [-b <new-branch>] <path> [<branch>] 'git worktree prune' [-n] [-v] [--expire <expire>] 'git worktree list' [--porcelain] @@ -87,6 +87,12 @@ OPTIONS With `add`, detach HEAD in the new working tree. See "DETACHED HEAD" in linkgit:git-checkout[1]. +--[no-]checkout:: + By default, `add` checks out `<branch>`, however, `--no-checkout` can + be used to suppress checkout in order to make customizations, + such as configuring sparse-checkout. See "Sparse checkout" + in linkgit:git-read-tree[1]. + -n:: --dry-run:: With `prune`, do not remove anything; just report what it would diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt index adc940bf75..5490d3c601 100644 --- a/Documentation/git.txt +++ b/Documentation/git.txt @@ -43,9 +43,18 @@ unreleased) version of Git, that is available from the 'master' branch of the `git.git` repository. Documentation for older releases are available here: -* link:v2.8.0/git.html[documentation for release 2.8] +* link:v2.9.0/git.html[documentation for release 2.9] * release notes for + link:RelNotes/2.9.0.txt[2.9]. + +* link:v2.8.4/git.html[documentation for release 2.8.4] + +* release notes for + link:RelNotes/2.8.4.txt[2.8.4], + link:RelNotes/2.8.3.txt[2.8.3], + link:RelNotes/2.8.2.txt[2.8.2], + link:RelNotes/2.8.1.txt[2.8.1], link:RelNotes/2.8.0.txt[2.8]. * link:v2.7.3/git.html[documentation for release 2.7.3] diff --git a/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt b/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt index 1c75be0803..f3a75d1ce1 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt @@ -106,6 +106,11 @@ variable, each helper will be tried in turn, and may provide a username, password, or nothing. Once Git has acquired both a username and a password, no more helpers will be tried. +If `credential.helper` is configured to the empty string, this resets +the helper list to empty (so you may override a helper set by a +lower-priority config file by configuring the empty-string helper, +followed by whatever set of helpers you would like). + CREDENTIAL CONTEXTS ------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt index a2f59b194c..d82e912e55 100644 --- a/Documentation/githooks.txt +++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt @@ -7,24 +7,35 @@ githooks - Hooks used by Git SYNOPSIS -------- -$GIT_DIR/hooks/* +$GIT_DIR/hooks/* (or \`git config core.hooksPath`/*) DESCRIPTION ----------- -Hooks are little scripts you can place in `$GIT_DIR/hooks` -directory to trigger action at certain points. When -'git init' is run, a handful of example hooks are copied into the -`hooks` directory of the new repository, but by default they are -all disabled. To enable a hook, rename it by removing its `.sample` -suffix. +Hooks are programs you can place in a hooks directory to trigger +actions at certain points in git's execution. Hooks that don't have +the executable bit set are ignored. -NOTE: It is also a requirement for a given hook to be executable. -However - in a freshly initialized repository - the `.sample` files are -executable by default. +By default the hooks directory is `$GIT_DIR/hooks`, but that can be +changed via the `core.hooksPath` configuration variable (see +linkgit:git-config[1]). -This document describes the currently defined hooks. +Before Git invokes a hook, it changes its working directory to either +the root of the working tree in a non-bare repository, or to the +$GIT_DIR in a bare repository. + +Hooks can get their arguments via the environment, command-line +arguments, and stdin. See the documentation for each hook below for +details. + +'git init' may copy hooks to the new repository, depending on its +configuration. See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section in +linkgit:git-init[1] for details. When the rest of this document refers +to "default hooks" it's talking about the default template shipped +with Git. + +The currently supported hooks are described below. HOOKS ----- @@ -32,15 +43,15 @@ HOOKS applypatch-msg ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -This hook is invoked by 'git am' script. It takes a single +This hook is invoked by 'git am'. It takes a single parameter, the name of the file that holds the proposed commit -log message. Exiting with non-zero status causes -'git am' to abort before applying the patch. +log message. Exiting with a non-zero status causes 'git am' to abort +before applying the patch. The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can be used to normalize the message into some project standard -format (if the project has one). It can also be used to refuse -the commit after inspecting the message file. +format. It can also be used to refuse the commit after inspecting +the message file. The default 'applypatch-msg' hook, when enabled, runs the 'commit-msg' hook, if the latter is enabled. @@ -73,10 +84,10 @@ pre-commit ~~~~~~~~~~ This hook is invoked by 'git commit', and can be bypassed -with `--no-verify` option. It takes no parameter, and is +with the `--no-verify` option. It takes no parameters, and is invoked before obtaining the proposed commit log message and -making a commit. Exiting with non-zero status from this script -causes the 'git commit' to abort. +making a commit. Exiting with a non-zero status from this script +causes the 'git commit' command to abort before creating a commit. The default 'pre-commit' hook, when enabled, catches introduction of lines with trailing whitespaces and aborts the commit when @@ -115,15 +126,15 @@ commit-msg ~~~~~~~~~~ This hook is invoked by 'git commit', and can be bypassed -with `--no-verify` option. It takes a single parameter, the +with the `--no-verify` option. It takes a single parameter, the name of the file that holds the proposed commit log message. -Exiting with non-zero status causes the 'git commit' to +Exiting with a non-zero status causes the 'git commit' to abort. -The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can -be used to normalize the message into some project standard -format (if the project has one). It can also be used to refuse -the commit after inspecting the message file. +The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can be used +to normalize the message into some project standard format. It +can also be used to refuse the commit after inspecting the message +file. The default 'commit-msg' hook, when enabled, detects duplicate "Signed-off-by" lines, and aborts the commit if one is found. @@ -131,8 +142,8 @@ The default 'commit-msg' hook, when enabled, detects duplicate post-commit ~~~~~~~~~~~ -This hook is invoked by 'git commit'. It takes no -parameter, and is invoked after a commit is made. +This hook is invoked by 'git commit'. It takes no parameters, and is +invoked after a commit is made. This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect the outcome of 'git commit'. @@ -267,9 +278,11 @@ does not know the entire set of branches, so it would end up firing one e-mail per ref when used naively, though. The <<post-receive,'post-receive'>> hook is more suited to that. -Another use suggested on the mailing list is to use this hook to -implement access control which is finer grained than the one -based on filesystem group. +In an environment that restricts the users' access only to git +commands over the wire, this hook can be used to implement access +control without relying on filesystem ownership and group +membership. See linkgit:git-shell[1] for how you might use the login +shell to restrict the user's access to only git commands. Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to 'git send-pack' on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages diff --git a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt index cafc284359..8ad29e61a9 100644 --- a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt +++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt @@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ current branch integrates with) obviously do not work, as there is no A fast-forward is a special type of <<def_merge,merge>> where you have a <<def_revision,revision>> and you are "merging" another <<def_branch,branch>>'s changes that happen to be a descendant of what - you have. In such these cases, you do not make a new <<def_merge,merge>> + you have. In such a case, you do not make a new <<def_merge,merge>> <<def_commit,commit>> but instead just update to his revision. This will happen frequently on a <<def_remote_tracking_branch,remote-tracking branch>> of a remote diff --git a/Documentation/lint-gitlink.perl b/Documentation/lint-gitlink.perl new file mode 100755 index 0000000000..476cc30b83 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/lint-gitlink.perl @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ +#!/usr/bin/perl + +use File::Find; +use Getopt::Long; + +my $basedir = "."; +GetOptions("basedir=s" => \$basedir) + or die("Cannot parse command line arguments\n"); + +my $found_errors = 0; + +sub report { + my ($where, $what, $error) = @_; + print "$where: $error: $what\n"; + $found_errors = 1; +} + +sub grab_section { + my ($page) = @_; + open my $fh, "<", "$basedir/$page.txt"; + my $firstline = <$fh>; + chomp $firstline; + close $fh; + my ($section) = ($firstline =~ /.*\((\d)\)$/); + return $section; +} + +sub lint { + my ($file) = @_; + open my $fh, "<", $file + or return; + while (<$fh>) { + my $where = "$file:$."; + while (s/linkgit:((.*?)\[(\d)\])//) { + my ($target, $page, $section) = ($1, $2, $3); + + # De-AsciiDoc + $page =~ s/{litdd}/--/g; + + if ($page !~ /^git/) { + report($where, $target, "nongit link"); + next; + } + if (! -f "$basedir/$page.txt") { + report($where, $target, "no such source"); + next; + } + $real_section = grab_section($page); + if ($real_section != $section) { + report($where, $target, + "wrong section (should be $real_section)"); + next; + } + } + } + close $fh; +} + +sub lint_it { + lint($File::Find::name) if -f && /\.txt$/; +} + +if (!@ARGV) { + find({ wanted => \&lint_it, no_chdir => 1 }, $basedir); +} else { + for (@ARGV) { + lint($_); + } +} + +exit $found_errors; diff --git a/Documentation/merge-options.txt b/Documentation/merge-options.txt index f08e9b80c5..5b4a62e936 100644 --- a/Documentation/merge-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/merge-options.txt @@ -89,8 +89,11 @@ option can be used to override --squash. --verify-signatures:: --no-verify-signatures:: - Verify that the commits being merged have good and trusted GPG signatures - and abort the merge in case they do not. + Verify that the tip commit of the side branch being merged is + signed with a valid key, i.e. a key that has a valid uid: in the + default trust model, this means the signing key has been signed by + a trusted key. If the tip commit of the side branch is not signed + with a valid key, the merge is aborted. --summary:: --no-summary:: @@ -114,3 +117,11 @@ ifndef::git-pull[] reporting. endif::git-pull[] + +--allow-unrelated-histories:: + By default, `git merge` command refuses to merge histories + that do not share a common ancestor. This option can be + used to override this safety when merging histories of two + projects that started their lives independently. As that is + a very rare occasion, no configuration variable to enable + this by default exists and will not be added. diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt index 671cebd95c..29b19b992f 100644 --- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt +++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt @@ -143,8 +143,8 @@ ifndef::git-rev-list[] - '%N': commit notes endif::git-rev-list[] - '%GG': raw verification message from GPG for a signed commit -- '%G?': show "G" for a Good signature, "B" for a Bad signature, "U" for a good, - untrusted signature and "N" for no signature +- '%G?': show "G" for a good (valid) signature, "B" for a bad signature, + "U" for a good signature with unknown validity and "N" for no signature - '%GS': show the name of the signer for a signed commit - '%GK': show the key used to sign a signed commit - '%gD': reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@{1}` diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt index 54b88b6dca..6c67182728 100644 --- a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt @@ -42,6 +42,20 @@ people using 80-column terminals. verbatim; this means that invalid sequences in the original commit may be copied to the output. +--expand-tabs=<n>:: +--expand-tabs:: +--no-expand-tabs:: + Perform a tab expansion (replace each tab with enough spaces + to fill to the next display column that is multiple of '<n>') + in the log message before showing it in the output. + `--expand-tabs` is a short-hand for `--expand-tabs=8`, and + `--no-expand-tabs` is a short-hand for `--expand-tabs=0`, + which disables tab expansion. ++ +By default, tabs are expanded in pretty formats that indent the log +message by 4 spaces (i.e. 'medium', which is the default, 'full', +and 'fuller'). + ifndef::git-rev-list[] --notes[=<treeish>]:: Show the notes (see linkgit:git-notes[1]) that annotate the diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt index 0d8b99b368..20741f345e 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt @@ -63,13 +63,6 @@ parse for configuration, rather than looking in the usual files. Regular Specify whether include directives should be followed in parsed files. Regular `git_config` defaults to `1`. -There is a special version of `git_config` called `git_config_early`. -This version takes an additional parameter to specify the repository -config, instead of having it looked up via `git_path`. This is useful -early in a Git program before the repository has been found. Unless -you're working with early setup code, you probably don't want to use -this. - Reading Specific Files ---------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt index e44426dd04..75368f26ca 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt @@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ appended to its command line, which is one of: The details of the credential will be provided on the helper's stdin stream. The exact format is the same as the input/output format of the `git credential` plumbing command (see the section `INPUT/OUTPUT -FORMAT` in linkgit:git-credential[7] for a detailed specification). +FORMAT` in linkgit:git-credential[1] for a detailed specification). For a `get` operation, the helper should produce a list of attributes on stdout in the same format. A helper is free to produce a subset, or @@ -268,4 +268,4 @@ See also linkgit:gitcredentials[7] -linkgit:git-config[5] (See configuration variables `credential.*`) +linkgit:git-config[1] (See configuration variables `credential.*`) diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt index 5f0757dcc9..27bd701c0d 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt @@ -144,8 +144,12 @@ There are some macros to easily define options: `OPT_COUNTUP(short, long, &int_var, description)`:: Introduce a count-up option. - `int_var` is incremented on each use of `--option`, and - reset to zero with `--no-option`. + Each use of `--option` increments `int_var`, starting from zero + (even if initially negative), and `--no-option` resets it to + zero. To determine if `--option` or `--no-option` was encountered at + all, initialize `int_var` to a negative value, and if it is still + negative after parse_options(), then neither `--option` nor + `--no-option` was seen. `OPT_BIT(short, long, &int_var, description, mask)`:: Introduce a boolean option. @@ -231,6 +235,13 @@ There are some macros to easily define options: pass the command-line option, which can be specified multiple times, to another command. +`OPT_CMDMODE(short, long, &int_var, description, enum_val)`:: + Define an "operation mode" option, only one of which in the same + group of "operating mode" options that share the same `int_var` + can be given by the user. `enum_val` is set to `int_var` when the + option is used, but an error is reported if other "operating mode" + option has already set its value to the same `int_var`. + The last element of the array must be `OPT_END()`. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-trace.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-trace.txt index 097a651d96..fadb5979c4 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-trace.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-trace.txt @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ static struct trace_key trace_foo = TRACE_KEY_INIT(FOO); static void trace_print_foo(const char *message) { - trace_print_key(&trace_foo, message); + trace_printf_key(&trace_foo, "%s", message); } ------------ + @@ -95,3 +95,46 @@ for (;;) { } trace_performance(t, "frotz"); ------------ + +Bugs & Caveats +-------------- + +GIT_TRACE_* environment variables can be used to tell Git to show +trace output to its standard error stream. Git can often spawn a pager +internally to run its subcommand and send its standard output and +standard error to it. + +Because GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE trace is generated only at the very end +of the program with atexit(), which happens after the pager exits, it +would not work well if you send its log to the standard error output +and let Git spawn the pager at the same time. + +As a work around, you can for example use '--no-pager', or set +GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE to another file descriptor which is redirected +to stderr, or set GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE to a file specified by its +absolute path. + +For example instead of the following command which by default may not +print any performance information: + +------------ +GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE=2 git log -1 +------------ + +you may want to use: + +------------ +GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE=2 git --no-pager log -1 +------------ + +or: + +------------ +GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE=3 3>&2 git log -1 +------------ + +or: + +------------ +GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE=/path/to/log/file git log -1 +------------ diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt index c6977bbc5a..8b36343802 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt @@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ Push Certificate A push certificate begins with a set of header lines. After the header and an empty line, the protocol commands follow, one per -line. Note that the the trailing LF in push-cert PKT-LINEs is _not_ +line. Note that the trailing LF in push-cert PKT-LINEs is _not_ optional; it must be present. Currently, the following header fields are defined: |