diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
28 files changed, 875 insertions, 113 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.1.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..70462f7f7e --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ +Git v2.10.1 Release Notes +========================= + +Fixes since v2.10 +----------------- + + * Clarify various ways to specify the "revision ranges" in the + documentation. + + * "diff-highlight" script (in contrib/) learned to work better with + "git log -p --graph" output. + + * The test framework left the number of tests and success/failure + count in the t/test-results directory, keyed by the name of the + test script plus the process ID. The latter however turned out not + to serve any useful purpose. The process ID part of the filename + has been removed. + + * Having a submodule whose ".git" repository is somehow corrupt + caused a few commands that recurse into submodules loop forever. + + * "git symbolic-ref -d HEAD" happily removes the symbolic ref, but + the resulting repository becomes an invalid one. Teach the command + to forbid removal of HEAD. + + * A test spawned a short-lived background process, which sometimes + prevented the test directory from getting removed at the end of the + script on some platforms. + + * Update a few tests that used to use GIT_CURL_VERBOSE to use the + newer GIT_TRACE_CURL. + + * Update Japanese translation for "git-gui". + + * "git fetch http::/site/path" did not die correctly and segfaulted + instead. + + * "git commit-tree" stopped reading commit.gpgsign configuration + variable that was meant for Porcelain "git commit" in Git 2.9; we + forgot to update "git gui" to look at the configuration to match + this change. + + * "git log --cherry-pick" used to include merge commits as candidates + to be matched up with other commits, resulting a lot of wasted time. + The patch-id generation logic has been updated to ignore merges to + avoid the wastage. + + * The http transport (with curl-multi option, which is the default + these days) failed to remove curl-easy handle from a curlm session, + which led to unnecessary API failures. + + * "git diff -W" output needs to extend the context backward to + include the header line of the current function and also forward to + include the body of the entire current function up to the header + line of the next one. This process may have to merge to adjacent + hunks, but the code forgot to do so in some cases. + + * Performance tests done via "t/perf" did not use the same set of + build configuration if the user relied on autoconf generated + configuration. + + * "git format-patch --base=..." feature that was recently added + showed the base commit information after "-- " e-mail signature + line, which turned out to be inconvenient. The base information + has been moved above the signature line. + + * Even when "git pull --rebase=preserve" (and the underlying "git + rebase --preserve") can complete without creating any new commit + (i.e. fast-forwards), it still insisted on having a usable ident + information (read: user.email is set correctly), which was less + than nice. As the underlying commands used inside "git rebase" + would fail with a more meaningful error message and advice text + when the bogus ident matters, this extra check was removed. + + * "git gc --aggressive" used to limit the delta-chain length to 250, + which is way too deep for gaining additional space savings and is + detrimental for runtime performance. The limit has been reduced to + 50. + + * Documentation for individual configuration variables to control use + of color (like `color.grep`) said that their default value is + 'false', instead of saying their default is taken from `color.ui`. + When we updated the default value for color.ui from 'false' to + 'auto' quite a while ago, all of them broke. This has been + corrected. + + * A shell script example in check-ref-format documentation has been + fixed. + + * "git checkout <word>" does not follow the usual disambiguation + rules when the <word> can be both a rev and a path, to allow + checking out a branch 'foo' in a project that happens to have a + file 'foo' in the working tree without having to disambiguate. + This was poorly documented and the check was incorrect when the + command was run from a subdirectory. + + * Some codepaths in "git diff" used regexec(3) on a buffer that was + mmap(2)ed, which may not have a terminating NUL, leading to a read + beyond the end of the mapped region. This was fixed by introducing + a regexec_buf() helper that takes a <ptr,len> pair with REG_STARTEND + extension. + + * The procedure to build Git on Mac OS X for Travis CI hardcoded the + internal directory structure we assumed HomeBrew uses, which was a + no-no. The procedure has been updated to ask HomeBrew things we + need to know to fix this. + + * When "git rebase -i" is given a broken instruction, it told the + user to fix it with "--edit-todo", but didn't say what the step + after that was (i.e. "--continue"). + + * "git add --chmod=+x" added recently lacked documentation, which has + been corrected. + + * "git add --chmod=+x <pathspec>" added recently only toggled the + executable bit for paths that are either new or modified. This has + been corrected to flip the executable bit for all paths that match + the given pathspec. + + * "git pack-objects --include-tag" was taught that when we know that + we are sending an object C, we want a tag B that directly points at + C but also a tag A that points at the tag B. We used to miss the + intermediate tag B in some cases. + + * Documentation around tools to import from CVS was fairly outdated. + + * In the codepath that comes up with the hostname to be used in an + e-mail when the user didn't tell us, we looked at ai_canonname + field in struct addrinfo without making sure it is not NULL first. + +Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0f82a089cd --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,338 @@ +Git 2.11 Release Notes +====================== + +Updates since v2.10 +------------------- + +UI, Workflows & Features + + * "git format-patch --cover-letter HEAD^" to format a single patch + with a separate cover letter now numbers the output as [PATCH 0/1] + and [PATCH 1/1] by default. + + * An incoming "git push" that attempts to push too many bytes can now + be rejected by setting a new configuration variable at the receiving + end. + + * "git nosuchcommand --help" said "No manual entry for gitnosuchcommand", + which was not intuitive, given that "git nosuchcommand" said "git: + 'nosuchcommand' is not a git command". + + * "git clone --resurse-submodules --reference $path $URL" is a way to + reduce network transfer cost by borrowing objects in an existing + $path repository when cloning the superproject from $URL; it + learned to also peek into $path for presense of corresponding + repositories of submodules and borrow objects from there when able. + + * The "git diff --submodule={short,log}" mechanism has been enhanced + to allow "--submodule=diff" to show the patch between the submodule + commits bound to the superproject. + + * Even though "git hash-objects", which is a tool to take an + on-filesystem data stream and put it into the Git object store, + allowed to perform the "outside-world-to-Git" conversions (e.g. + end-of-line conversions and application of the clean-filter), and + it had the feature on by default from very early days, its reverse + operation "git cat-file", which takes an object from the Git object + store and externalize for the consumption by the outside world, + lacked an equivalent mechanism to run the "Git-to-outside-world" + conversion. The command learned the "--filters" option to do so. + + * Output from "git diff" can be made easier to read by selecting + which lines are common and which lines are added/deleted + intelligently when the lines before and after the changed section + are the same. A command line option is added to help with the + experiment to find a good heuristics. + + * In some projects, it is common to use "[RFC PATCH]" as the subject + prefix for a patch meant for discussion rather than application. A + new option "--rfc" was a short-hand for "--subject-prefix=RFC PATCH" + to help the participants of such projects. + + * "git add --chmod=+x <pathspec>" added recently only toggled the + executable bit for paths that are either new or modified. This has + been corrected to flip the executable bit for all paths that match + the given pathspec. + + * When "git format-patch --stdout" output is placed as an in-body + header and it uses the RFC2822 header folding, "git am" failed to + put the header line back into a single logical line. The + underlying "git mailinfo" was taught to handle this properly. + + * "gitweb" can spawn "highlight" to show blob contents with + (programming) language-specific syntax highlighting, but only + when the language is known. "highlight" can however be told + to make the guess itself by giving it "--force" option, which + has been enabled. + + * "git gui" l10n to Portuguese. + + +Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. + + * The delta-base-cache mechanism has been a key to the performance in + a repository with a tightly packed packfile, but it did not scale + well even with a larger value of core.deltaBaseCacheLimit. + + * Enhance "git status --porcelain" output by collecting more data on + the state of the index and the working tree files, which may + further be used to teach git-prompt (in contrib/) to make fewer + calls to git. + + * Extract a small helper out of the function that reads the authors + script file "git am" internally uses. + (merge a77598e jc/am-read-author-file later to maint). + + * Lifts calls to exit(2) and die() higher in the callchain in + sequencer.c files so that more helper functions in it can be used + by callers that want to handle error conditions themselves. + + * "git am" has been taught to make an internal call to "git apply"'s + innards without spawning the latter as a separate process. + + * The ref-store abstraction was introduced to the refs API so that we + can plug in different backends to store references. + + * The "unsigned char sha1[20]" to "struct object_id" conversion + continues. Notable changes in this round includes that ce->sha1, + i.e. the object name recorded in the cache_entry, turns into an + object_id. + + * JGit can show a fake ref "capabilities^{}" to "git fetch" when it + does not advertise any refs, but "git fetch" was not prepared to + see such an advertisement. When the other side disconnects without + giving any ref advertisement, we used to say "there may not be a + repository at that URL", but we may have seen other advertisement + like "shallow" and ".have" in which case we definitely know that a + repository is there. The code to detect this case has also been + updated. + + * Some codepaths in "git pack-objects" were not ready to use an + existing pack bitmap; now they are and as the result they have + become faster. + + * The codepath in "git fsck" to detect malformed tree objects has + been updated not to die but keep going after detecting them. + + +Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups. + + +Fixes since v2.10 +----------------- + +Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.9 in the maintenance +track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases' +notes for details). + + * Clarify various ways to specify the "revision ranges" in the + documentation. + + * "diff-highlight" script (in contrib/) learned to work better with + "git log -p --graph" output. + + * The test framework left the number of tests and success/failure + count in the t/test-results directory, keyed by the name of the + test script plus the process ID. The latter however turned out not + to serve any useful purpose. The process ID part of the filename + has been removed. + + * Having a submodule whose ".git" repository is somehow corrupt + caused a few commands that recurse into submodules loop forever. + + * "git symbolic-ref -d HEAD" happily removes the symbolic ref, but + the resulting repository becomes an invalid one. Teach the command + to forbid removal of HEAD. + + * A test spawned a short-lived background process, which sometimes + prevented the test directory from getting removed at the end of the + script on some platforms. + + * Update a few tests that used to use GIT_CURL_VERBOSE to use the + newer GIT_TRACE_CURL. + + * "git pack-objects --include-tag" was taught that when we know that + we are sending an object C, we want a tag B that directly points at + C but also a tag A that points at the tag B. We used to miss the + intermediate tag B in some cases. + (merge b773dde jk/pack-tag-of-tag later to maint). + + * Update Japanese translation for "git-gui". + (merge 02748bc sy/git-gui-i18n-ja later to maint). + + * "git fetch http::/site/path" did not die correctly and segfaulted + instead. + (merge d63ed6e jk/fix-remote-curl-url-wo-proto later to maint). + + * "git commit-tree" stopped reading commit.gpgsign configuration + variable that was meant for Porcelain "git commit" in Git 2.9; we + forgot to update "git gui" to look at the configuration to match + this change. + (merge f14a310 js/git-gui-commit-gpgsign later to maint). + + * "git add --chmod=+x" added recently lacked documentation, which has + been corrected. + (merge 7ef7903 et/add-chmod-x later to maint). + + * "git log --cherry-pick" used to include merge commits as candidates + to be matched up with other commits, resulting a lot of wasted time. + The patch-id generation logic has been updated to ignore merges to + avoid the wastage. + (merge 7c81040 jk/patch-ids-no-merges later to maint). + + * The http transport (with curl-multi option, which is the default + these days) failed to remove curl-easy handle from a curlm session, + which led to unnecessary API failures. + (merge 2abc848 ew/http-do-not-forget-to-call-curl-multi-remove-handle later to maint). + + * There were numerous corner cases in which the configuration files + are read and used or not read at all depending on the directory a + Git command was run, leading to inconsistent behaviour. The code + to set-up repository access at the beginning of a Git process has + been updated to fix them. + (merge 4d0efa1 jk/setup-sequence-update later to maint). + + * "git diff -W" output needs to extend the context backward to + include the header line of the current function and also forward to + include the body of the entire current function up to the header + line of the next one. This process may have to merge to adjacent + hunks, but the code forgot to do so in some cases. + (merge 45d2f75 rs/xdiff-merge-overlapping-hunks-for-W-context later to maint). + + * Performance tests done via "t/perf" did not use the same set of + build configuration if the user relied on autoconf generated + configuration. + (merge cd5c281 ks/perf-build-with-autoconf later to maint). + + * "git format-patch --base=..." feature that was recently added + showed the base commit information after "-- " e-mail signature + line, which turned out to be inconvenient. The base information + has been moved above the signature line. + (merge 480871e jt/format-patch-base-info-above-sig later to maint). + + * More i18n. + (merge 43073f8 va/i18n later to maint). + + * Even when "git pull --rebase=preserve" (and the underlying "git + rebase --preserve") can complete without creating any new commit + (i.e. fast-forwards), it still insisted on having a usable ident + information (read: user.email is set correctly), which was less + than nice. As the underlying commands used inside "git rebase" + would fail with a more meaningful error message and advice text + when the bogus ident matters, this extra check was removed. + (merge 1e461c4 jk/rebase-i-drop-ident-check later to maint). + + * "git gc --aggressive" used to limit the delta-chain length to 250, + which is way too deep for gaining additional space savings and is + detrimental for runtime performance. The limit has been reduced to + 50. + (merge 07e7dbf jk/reduce-gc-aggressive-depth later to maint). + + * Documentation for individual configuration variables to control use + of color (like `color.grep`) said that their default value is + 'false', instead of saying their default is taken from `color.ui`. + When we updated the default value for color.ui from 'false' to + 'auto' quite a while ago, all of them broke. This has been + corrected. + (merge 14d16e2 mm/config-color-ui-default-to-auto later to maint). + + * The pretty-format specifier "%C(auto)" used by the "log" family of + commands to enable coloring of the output is taught to also issue a + color-reset sequence to the output. + (merge c99ad27 rs/c-auto-resets-attributes later to maint). + + * A shell script example in check-ref-format documentation has been + fixed. + (merge 92dece7 ep/doc-check-ref-format-example later to maint). + + * "git checkout <word>" does not follow the usual disambiguation + rules when the <word> can be both a rev and a path, to allow + checking out a branch 'foo' in a project that happens to have a + file 'foo' in the working tree without having to disambiguate. + This was poorly documented and the check was incorrect when the + command was run from a subdirectory. + (merge b829b94 nd/checkout-disambiguation later to maint). + + * Some codepaths in "git diff" used regexec(3) on a buffer that was + mmap(2)ed, which may not have a terminating NUL, leading to a read + beyond the end of the mapped region. This was fixed by introducing + a regexec_buf() helper that takes a <ptr,len> pair with REG_STARTEND + extension. + (merge b7d36ff js/regexec-buf later to maint). + + * The procedure to build Git on Mac OS X for Travis CI hardcoded the + internal directory structure we assumed HomeBrew uses, which was a + no-no. The procedure has been updated to ask HomeBrew things we + need to know to fix this. + (merge f86f49b ls/travis-homebrew-path-fix later to maint). + + * When "git rebase -i" is given a broken instruction, it told the + user to fix it with "--edit-todo", but didn't say what the step + after that was (i.e. "--continue"). + (merge 37875b4 rt/rebase-i-broken-insn-advise later to maint). + + * Documentation around tools to import from CVS was fairly outdated. + (merge 106b672 jk/doc-cvs-update later to maint). + + * "git clone --recurse-submodules" lost the progress eye-candy in + recent update, which has been corrected. + + * A low-level function verify_packfile() was meant to show errors + that were detected without dying itself, but under some conditions + it didn't and died instead, which has been fixed. + (merge a9445d859e jk/verify-packfile-gently later to maint). + + * When "git fetch" tries to find where the history of the repository + it runs in has diverged from what the other side has, it has a + mechanism to avoid digging too deep into irrelevant side branches. + This however did not work well over the "smart-http" transport due + to a design bug, which has been fixed. + (merge 06b3d386e0 jt/fetch-pack-in-vain-count-with-stateless later to maint). + + * In the codepath that comes up with the hostname to be used in an + e-mail when the user didn't tell us, we looked at ai_canonname + field in struct addrinfo without making sure it is not NULL first. + (merge c375a7efa3 jk/ident-ai-canonname-could-be-null later to maint). + + * "git worktree", even though it used the default_abbrev setting that + ought to be affected by core.abbrev configuration variable, ignored + the variable setting. The command has been taught to read the + default set of configuration variables to correct this. + (merge d49028e6e7 jc/worktree-config later to maint). + + * "git init" tried to record core.worktree in the repository's + 'config' file when GIT_WORK_TREE environment variable was set and + it was different from where GIT_DIR appears as ".git" at its top, + but the logic was faulty when .git is a "gitdir:" file that points + at the real place, causing trouble in working trees that are + managed by "git worktree". This has been corrected. + + * Codepaths that read from an on-disk loose object were too loose in + validating what they are reading is a proper object file and + sometimes read past the data they read from the disk, which has + been corrected. H/t to Gustavo Grieco for reporting. + (merge d21f842690 jc/verify-loose-object-header later to maint). + + * The original command line syntax for "git merge", which was "git + merge <msg> HEAD <parent>...", has been deprecated for quite some + time, and "git gui" was the last in-tree user of the syntax. This + is finally fixed, so that we can move forward with the deprecation. + (merge ff65e796f0 rs/git-gui-use-modern-git-merge-syntax later to maint). + + * An author name, that spelled a backslash-quoted double quote in the + human readable part "My \"double quoted\" name", was not unquoted + correctly while applying a patch from a piece of e-mail. + (merge f357e5de31 kd/mailinfo-quoted-string later to maint). + + * Doc update to clarify what "log -3 --reverse" does. + (merge 04be69478f pb/rev-list-reverse-with-count later to maint). + + * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups. + (merge e78d57e bw/pathspec-remove-unused-extern-decl later to maint). + (merge ce25e4c rs/checkout-some-states-are-const later to maint). + (merge a8342a4 rs/strbuf-remove-fix later to maint). + (merge b56aa5b rs/unpack-trees-reduce-file-scope-global later to maint). + (merge 5efc60c mr/vcs-svn-printf-ulong later to maint). + (merge a22ae75 rs/cocci later to maint). + (merge 45ccef87b3 rs/copy-array later to maint). + (merge 8201688ecd dt/mailinfo later to maint). diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt index 0bcb6790d6..a17947462a 100644 --- a/Documentation/config.txt +++ b/Documentation/config.txt @@ -953,7 +953,8 @@ color.branch:: A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of linkgit:git-branch[1]. May be set to `always`, `false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors are used - only when the output is to a terminal. Defaults to false. + only when the output is to a terminal. If unset, then the + value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by default). color.branch.<slot>:: Use customized color for branch coloration. `<slot>` is one of @@ -968,7 +969,8 @@ color.diff:: linkgit:git-log[1], and linkgit:git-show[1] will use color for all patches. If it is set to `true` or `auto`, those commands will only use color when output is to the terminal. - Defaults to false. + If unset, then the value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by + default). + This does not affect linkgit:git-format-patch[1] or the 'git-diff-{asterisk}' plumbing commands. Can be overridden on the @@ -991,7 +993,8 @@ color.decorate.<slot>:: color.grep:: When set to `always`, always highlight matches. When `false` (or `never`), never. When set to `true` or `auto`, use color only - when the output is written to the terminal. Defaults to `false`. + when the output is written to the terminal. If unset, then the + value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by default). color.grep.<slot>:: Use customized color for grep colorization. `<slot>` specifies which @@ -1024,7 +1027,8 @@ color.interactive:: and displays (such as those used by "git-add --interactive" and "git-clean --interactive"). When false (or `never`), never. When set to `true` or `auto`, use colors only when the output is - to the terminal. Defaults to false. + to the terminal. If unset, then the value of `color.ui` is + used (`auto` by default). color.interactive.<slot>:: Use customized color for 'git add --interactive' and 'git clean @@ -1040,13 +1044,15 @@ color.showBranch:: A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of linkgit:git-show-branch[1]. May be set to `always`, `false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors are used - only when the output is to a terminal. Defaults to false. + only when the output is to a terminal. If unset, then the + value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by default). color.status:: A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of linkgit:git-status[1]. May be set to `always`, `false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors are used - only when the output is to a terminal. Defaults to false. + only when the output is to a terminal. If unset, then the + value of `color.ui` is used (`auto` by default). color.status.<slot>:: Use customized color for status colorization. `<slot>` is @@ -1366,7 +1372,7 @@ fsck.skipList:: gc.aggressiveDepth:: The depth parameter used in the delta compression algorithm used by 'git gc --aggressive'. This defaults - to 250. + to 50. gc.aggressiveWindow:: The window size parameter used in the delta compression @@ -1730,6 +1736,20 @@ http.emptyAuth:: a username in the URL, as libcurl normally requires a username for authentication. +http.delegation:: + Control GSSAPI credential delegation. The delegation is disabled + by default in libcurl since version 7.21.7. Set parameter to tell + the server what it is allowed to delegate when it comes to user + credentials. Used with GSS/kerberos. Possible values are: ++ +-- +* `none` - Don't allow any delegation. +* `policy` - Delegates if and only if the OK-AS-DELEGATE flag is set in the + Kerberos service ticket, which is a matter of realm policy. +* `always` - Unconditionally allow the server to delegate. +-- + + http.extraHeader:: Pass an additional HTTP header when communicating with a server. If more than one such entry exists, all of them are added as extra @@ -2517,6 +2537,12 @@ receive.unpackLimit:: especially on slow filesystems. If not set, the value of `transfer.unpackLimit` is used instead. +receive.maxInputSize:: + If the size of the incoming pack stream is larger than this + limit, then git-receive-pack will error out, instead of + accepting the pack file. If not set or set to 0, then the size + is unlimited. + receive.denyDeletes:: If set to true, git-receive-pack will deny a ref update that deletes the ref. Use this to prevent such a ref deletion via a push. @@ -2847,6 +2873,18 @@ submodule.fetchJobs:: in parallel. A value of 0 will give some reasonable default. If unset, it defaults to 1. +submodule.alternateLocation:: + Specifies how the submodules obtain alternates when submodules are + cloned. Possible values are `no`, `superproject`. + By default `no` is assumed, which doesn't add references. When the + value is set to `superproject` the submodule to be cloned computes + its alternates location relative to the superprojects alternate. + +submodule.alternateErrorStrategy + Specifies how to treat errors with the alternates for a submodule + as computed via `submodule.alternateLocation`. Possible values are + `ignore`, `info`, `die`. Default is `die`. + tag.forceSignAnnotated:: A boolean to specify whether annotated tags created should be GPG signed. If `--annotate` is specified on the command line, it takes diff --git a/Documentation/diff-config.txt b/Documentation/diff-config.txt index d5a5b17d50..b27a38f896 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-config.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-config.txt @@ -122,10 +122,11 @@ diff.suppressBlankEmpty:: diff.submodule:: Specify the format in which differences in submodules are - shown. The "log" format lists the commits in the range like - linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary` does. The "short" format - format just shows the names of the commits at the beginning - and end of the range. Defaults to short. + shown. The "short" format just shows the names of the commits + at the beginning and end of the range. The "log" format lists + the commits in the range like linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary` + does. The "diff" format shows an inline diff of the changed + contents of the submodule. Defaults to "short". diff.wordRegex:: A POSIX Extended Regular Expression used to determine what is a "word" @@ -170,10 +171,11 @@ diff.tool:: include::mergetools-diff.txt[] +diff.indentHeuristic:: diff.compactionHeuristic:: - Set this option to `true` to enable an experimental heuristic that - shifts the hunk boundary in an attempt to make the resulting - patch easier to read. + Set one of these options to `true` to enable one of two + experimental heuristics that shift diff hunk boundaries to + make patches easier to read. diff.algorithm:: Choose a diff algorithm. The variants are as follows: diff --git a/Documentation/diff-heuristic-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-heuristic-options.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..36cb549df9 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/diff-heuristic-options.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +--indent-heuristic:: +--no-indent-heuristic:: +--compaction-heuristic:: +--no-compaction-heuristic:: + These are to help debugging and tuning experimental heuristics + (which are off by default) that shift diff hunk boundaries to + make patches easier to read. diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt index 705a873942..2d77a19626 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt @@ -63,12 +63,7 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[] Synonym for `-p --raw`. endif::git-format-patch[] ---compaction-heuristic:: ---no-compaction-heuristic:: - These are to help debugging and tuning an experimental - heuristic (which is off by default) that shifts the hunk - boundary in an attempt to make the resulting patch easier - to read. +include::diff-heuristic-options.txt[] --minimal:: Spend extra time to make sure the smallest possible @@ -210,13 +205,16 @@ any of those replacements occurred. of the `--diff-filter` option on what the status letters mean. --submodule[=<format>]:: - Specify how differences in submodules are shown. When `--submodule` - or `--submodule=log` is given, the 'log' format is used. This format lists - the commits in the range like linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary` does. - Omitting the `--submodule` option or specifying `--submodule=short`, - uses the 'short' format. This format just shows the names of the commits - at the beginning and end of the range. Can be tweaked via the - `diff.submodule` configuration variable. + Specify how differences in submodules are shown. When specifying + `--submodule=short` the 'short' format is used. This format just + shows the names of the commits at the beginning and end of the range. + When `--submodule` or `--submodule=log` is specified, the 'log' + format is used. This format lists the commits in the range like + linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary` does. When `--submodule=diff` + is specified, the 'diff' format is used. This format shows an + inline diff of the changes in the submodule contents between the + commit range. Defaults to `diff.submodule` or the 'short' format + if the config option is unset. --color[=<when>]:: Show colored diff. @@ -569,5 +567,8 @@ endif::git-format-patch[] --no-prefix:: Do not show any source or destination prefix. +--line-prefix=<prefix>:: + Prepend an additional prefix to every line of output. + For more detailed explanation on these common options, see also linkgit:gitdiffcore[7]. diff --git a/Documentation/git-add.txt b/Documentation/git-add.txt index 6a96a669c2..7ed63dce0b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-add.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-add.txt @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ SYNOPSIS 'git add' [--verbose | -v] [--dry-run | -n] [--force | -f] [--interactive | -i] [--patch | -p] [--edit | -e] [--[no-]all | --[no-]ignore-removal | [--update | -u]] [--intent-to-add | -N] [--refresh] [--ignore-errors] [--ignore-missing] - [--] [<pathspec>...] + [--chmod=(+|-)x] [--] [<pathspec>...] DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -165,6 +165,11 @@ for "git add --no-all <pathspec>...", i.e. ignored removed files. be ignored, no matter if they are already present in the work tree or not. +--chmod=(+|-)x:: + Override the executable bit of the added files. The executable + bit is only changed in the index, the files on disk are left + unchanged. + \--:: This option can be used to separate command-line options from the list of files, (useful when filenames might be mistaken diff --git a/Documentation/git-annotate.txt b/Documentation/git-annotate.txt index 05fd482b74..94be4b85e0 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-annotate.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-annotate.txt @@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ familiar command name for people coming from other SCM systems. OPTIONS ------- include::blame-options.txt[] +include::diff-heuristic-options.txt[] SEE ALSO -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-blame.txt b/Documentation/git-blame.txt index ba5417567c..9dccb3319b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-blame.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-blame.txt @@ -89,6 +89,8 @@ include::blame-options.txt[] abbreviated object name, use <n>+1 digits. Note that 1 column is used for a caret to mark the boundary commit. +include::diff-heuristic-options.txt[] + THE PORCELAIN FORMAT -------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt index 18d03d8e8b..204541c690 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt @@ -9,18 +9,22 @@ git-cat-file - Provide content or type and size information for repository objec SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git cat-file' (-t [--allow-unknown-type]| -s [--allow-unknown-type]| -e | -p | <type> | --textconv ) <object> -'git cat-file' (--batch | --batch-check) [--follow-symlinks] +'git cat-file' (-t [--allow-unknown-type]| -s [--allow-unknown-type]| -e | -p | <type> | --textconv | --filters ) [--path=<path>] <object> +'git cat-file' (--batch | --batch-check) [ --textconv | --filters ] [--follow-symlinks] DESCRIPTION ----------- In its first form, the command provides the content or the type of an object in the repository. The type is required unless `-t` or `-p` is used to find the -object type, or `-s` is used to find the object size, or `--textconv` is used -(which implies type "blob"). +object type, or `-s` is used to find the object size, or `--textconv` or +`--filters` is used (which imply type "blob"). In the second form, a list of objects (separated by linefeeds) is provided on -stdin, and the SHA-1, type, and size of each object is printed on stdout. +stdin, and the SHA-1, type, and size of each object is printed on stdout. The +output format can be overridden using the optional `<format>` argument. If +either `--textconv` or `--filters` was specified, the input is expected to +list the object names followed by the path name, separated by a single white +space, so that the appropriate drivers can be determined. OPTIONS ------- @@ -54,19 +58,35 @@ OPTIONS --textconv:: Show the content as transformed by a textconv filter. In this case, - <object> has be of the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path> in order - to apply the filter to the content recorded in the index at <path>. + <object> has to be of the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path> in + order to apply the filter to the content recorded in the index at + <path>. + +--filters:: + Show the content as converted by the filters configured in + the current working tree for the given <path> (i.e. smudge filters, + end-of-line conversion, etc). In this case, <object> has to be of + the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path>. + +--path=<path>:: + For use with --textconv or --filters, to allow specifying an object + name and a path separately, e.g. when it is difficult to figure out + the revision from which the blob came. --batch:: --batch=<format>:: Print object information and contents for each object provided - on stdin. May not be combined with any other options or arguments. - See the section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details. + on stdin. May not be combined with any other options or arguments + except `--textconv` or `--filters`, in which case the input lines + also need to specify the path, separated by white space. See the + section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details. --batch-check:: --batch-check=<format>:: Print object information for each object provided on stdin. May - not be combined with any other options or arguments. See the + not be combined with any other options or arguments except + `--textconv` or `--filters`, in which case the input lines also + need to specify the path, separated by white space. See the section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details. --batch-all-objects:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt index 91a3622ee4..8611a99120 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt @@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ $ git check-ref-format --branch @{-1} * Determine the reference name to use for a new branch: + ------------ -$ ref=$(git check-ref-format --normalize "refs/heads/$newbranch") || -die "we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name." +$ ref=$(git check-ref-format --normalize "refs/heads/$newbranch")|| +{ echo "we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name." >&2 ; exit 1 ; } ------------ GIT diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt index 7a2201b051..8e2c0662dd 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt @@ -419,6 +419,18 @@ $ git reflog -2 HEAD # or $ git log -g -2 HEAD ------------ +ARGUMENT DISAMBIGUATION +----------------------- + +When there is only one argument given and it is not `--` (e.g. "git +checkout abc"), and when the argument is both a valid `<tree-ish>` +(e.g. a branch "abc" exists) and a valid `<pathspec>` (e.g. a file +or a directory whose name is "abc" exists), Git would usually ask +you to disambiguate. Because checking out a branch is so common an +operation, however, "git checkout abc" takes "abc" as a `<tree-ish>` +in such a situation. Use `git checkout -- <pathspec>` if you want +to checkout these paths out of the index. + EXAMPLES -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt index ec41d3d698..e316c4bd51 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt @@ -90,13 +90,16 @@ If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with `-s` on its source repository, you can simply run `git repack -a` to copy all objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository. ---reference <repository>:: +--reference[-if-able] <repository>:: If the reference repository is on the local machine, automatically setup `.git/objects/info/alternates` to obtain objects from the reference repository. Using an already existing repository as an alternate will require fewer objects to be copied from the repository being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs. + When using the `--reference-if-able`, a non existing + directory is skipped with a warning instead of aborting + the clone. + *NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--shared` option, and also the `--dissociate` option. diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt index 41207a24b0..de1ebed67d 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ DESCRIPTION deprecated; it does not work with cvsps version 3 and later. If you are performing a one-shot import of a CVS repository consider using http://cvs2svn.tigris.org/cvs2git.html[cvs2git] or -https://github.com/BartMassey/parsecvs[parsecvs]. +http://www.catb.org/esr/cvs-fast-export/[cvs-fast-export]. Imports a CVS repository into Git. It will either create a new repository, or incrementally import into an existing one. diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt index 9624c84a65..9b200b379b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt @@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ SYNOPSIS [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files] [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>] [--ignore-if-in-upstream] - [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix] [(--reroll-count|-v) <n>] + [--rfc] [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix] + [(--reroll-count|-v) <n>] [--to=<email>] [--cc=<email>] [--[no-]cover-letter] [--quiet] [--notes[=<ref>]] [<common diff options>] @@ -172,6 +173,11 @@ will want to ensure that threading is disabled for `git send-email`. allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be combined with the `--numbered` option. +--rfc:: + Alias for `--subject-prefix="RFC PATCH"`. RFC means "Request For + Comments"; use this when sending an experimental patch for + discussion rather than application. + -v <n>:: --reroll-count=<n>:: Mark the series as the <n>-th iteration of the topic. The diff --git a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt index 7a4e055520..1b4b65d665 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt @@ -87,6 +87,8 @@ OPTIONS Specifying 0 will cause Git to auto-detect the number of CPU's and use maximum 3 threads. +--max-input-size=<size>:: + Die, if the pack is larger than <size>. Note ---- diff --git a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt index 000ee8dba2..0ccd5fbc78 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt @@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ post-update hooks found in the Documentation/howto directory. option, which tells it if updates to a ref should be denied if they are not fast-forwards. +A number of other receive.* config options are available to tweak +its behavior, see linkgit:git-config[1]. + OPTIONS ------- <directory>:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-status.txt b/Documentation/git-status.txt index e1e8f57cdd..725065ef2d 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-status.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-status.txt @@ -32,11 +32,14 @@ OPTIONS --branch:: Show the branch and tracking info even in short-format. ---porcelain:: +--porcelain[=<version>]:: Give the output in an easy-to-parse format for scripts. This is similar to the short output, but will remain stable across Git versions and regardless of user configuration. See below for details. ++ +The version parameter is used to specify the format version. +This is optional and defaults to the original version 'v1' format. --long:: Give the output in the long-format. This is the default. @@ -96,7 +99,7 @@ configuration variable documented in linkgit:git-config[1]. -z:: Terminate entries with NUL, instead of LF. This implies - the `--porcelain` output format if no other format is given. + the `--porcelain=v1` output format if no other format is given. --column[=<options>]:: --no-column:: @@ -180,12 +183,12 @@ in which case `XY` are `!!`. If -b is used the short-format status is preceded by a line -## branchname tracking info + ## branchname tracking info -Porcelain Format -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +Porcelain Format Version 1 +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -The porcelain format is similar to the short format, but is guaranteed +Version 1 porcelain format is similar to the short format, but is guaranteed not to change in a backwards-incompatible way between Git versions or based on user configuration. This makes it ideal for parsing by scripts. The description of the short format above also describes the porcelain @@ -207,6 +210,124 @@ field from the first filename). Third, filenames containing special characters are not specially formatted; no quoting or backslash-escaping is performed. +Porcelain Format Version 2 +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Version 2 format adds more detailed information about the state of +the worktree and changed items. Version 2 also defines an extensible +set of easy to parse optional headers. + +Header lines start with "#" and are added in response to specific +command line arguments. Parsers should ignore headers they +don't recognize. + +### Branch Headers + +If `--branch` is given, a series of header lines are printed with +information about the current branch. + + Line Notes + ------------------------------------------------------------ + # branch.oid <commit> | (initial) Current commit. + # branch.head <branch> | (detached) Current branch. + # branch.upstream <upstream_branch> If upstream is set. + # branch.ab +<ahead> -<behind> If upstream is set and + the commit is present. + ------------------------------------------------------------ + +### Changed Tracked Entries + +Following the headers, a series of lines are printed for tracked +entries. One of three different line formats may be used to describe +an entry depending on the type of change. Tracked entries are printed +in an undefined order; parsers should allow for a mixture of the 3 +line types in any order. + +Ordinary changed entries have the following format: + + 1 <XY> <sub> <mH> <mI> <mW> <hH> <hI> <path> + +Renamed or copied entries have the following format: + + 2 <XY> <sub> <mH> <mI> <mW> <hH> <hI> <X><score> <path><sep><origPath> + + Field Meaning + -------------------------------------------------------- + <XY> A 2 character field containing the staged and + unstaged XY values described in the short format, + with unchanged indicated by a "." rather than + a space. + <sub> A 4 character field describing the submodule state. + "N..." when the entry is not a submodule. + "S<c><m><u>" when the entry is a submodule. + <c> is "C" if the commit changed; otherwise ".". + <m> is "M" if it has tracked changes; otherwise ".". + <u> is "U" if there are untracked changes; otherwise ".". + <mH> The octal file mode in HEAD. + <mI> The octal file mode in the index. + <mW> The octal file mode in the worktree. + <hH> The object name in HEAD. + <hI> The object name in the index. + <X><score> The rename or copy score (denoting the percentage + of similarity between the source and target of the + move or copy). For example "R100" or "C75". + <path> The pathname. In a renamed/copied entry, this + is the path in the index and in the working tree. + <sep> When the `-z` option is used, the 2 pathnames are separated + with a NUL (ASCII 0x00) byte; otherwise, a tab (ASCII 0x09) + byte separates them. + <origPath> The pathname in the commit at HEAD. This is only + present in a renamed/copied entry, and tells + where the renamed/copied contents came from. + -------------------------------------------------------- + +Unmerged entries have the following format; the first character is +a "u" to distinguish from ordinary changed entries. + + u <xy> <sub> <m1> <m2> <m3> <mW> <h1> <h2> <h3> <path> + + Field Meaning + -------------------------------------------------------- + <XY> A 2 character field describing the conflict type + as described in the short format. + <sub> A 4 character field describing the submodule state + as described above. + <m1> The octal file mode in stage 1. + <m2> The octal file mode in stage 2. + <m3> The octal file mode in stage 3. + <mW> The octal file mode in the worktree. + <h1> The object name in stage 1. + <h2> The object name in stage 2. + <h3> The object name in stage 3. + <path> The pathname. + -------------------------------------------------------- + +### Other Items + +Following the tracked entries (and if requested), a series of +lines will be printed for untracked and then ignored items +found in the worktree. + +Untracked items have the following format: + + ? <path> + +Ignored items have the following format: + + ! <path> + +### Pathname Format Notes and -z + +When the `-z` option is given, pathnames are printed as is and +without any quoting and lines are terminated with a NUL (ASCII 0x00) +byte. + +Otherwise, all pathnames will be "C-quoted" if they contain any tab, +linefeed, double quote, or backslash characters. In C-quoting, these +characters will be replaced with the corresponding C-style escape +sequences and the resulting pathname will be double quoted. + + CONFIGURATION ------------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt index 3e887d1610..b3de50d710 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-unpack-objects.txt @@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ OPTIONS --strict:: Don't write objects with broken content or links. +--max-input-size=<size>:: + Die, if the pack is larger than <size>. + GIT --- Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt index 7913fc2513..b8bec711f4 100644 --- a/Documentation/git.txt +++ b/Documentation/git.txt @@ -43,9 +43,10 @@ unreleased) version of Git, that is available from the 'master' branch of the `git.git` repository. Documentation for older releases are available here: -* link:v2.10.0/git.html[documentation for release 2.10] +* link:v2.10.1/git.html[documentation for release 2.10.1] * release notes for + link:RelNotes/2.10.1.txt[2.10.1], link:RelNotes/2.10.0.txt[2.10]. * link:v2.9.3/git.html[documentation for release 2.9.3] diff --git a/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt b/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt index b06e852a85..4c6143c511 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt @@ -116,8 +116,12 @@ they create are writable and searchable by other group members. Importing a CVS archive ----------------------- +NOTE: These instructions use the `git-cvsimport` script which ships with +git, but other importers may provide better results. See the note in +linkgit:git-cvsimport[1] for other options. + First, install version 2.1 or higher of cvsps from -http://www.cobite.com/cvsps/[http://www.cobite.com/cvsps/] and make +https://github.com/andreyvit/cvsps[https://github.com/andreyvit/cvsps] and make sure it is in your path. Then cd to a checked out CVS working directory of the project you are interested in and run linkgit:git-cvsimport[1]: diff --git a/Documentation/gitk.txt b/Documentation/gitk.txt index a68d860fa3..e382dd96df 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitk.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitk.txt @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ linkgit:git-rev-list[1] for a complete list. --left-right:: - Mark which side of a symmetric diff a commit is reachable + Mark which side of a symmetric difference a commit is reachable from. Commits from the left side are prefixed with a `<` symbol and those from the right with a `>` symbol. diff --git a/Documentation/gitrevisions.txt b/Documentation/gitrevisions.txt index e903eb7860..27dec5b91d 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitrevisions.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitrevisions.txt @@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ DESCRIPTION Many Git commands take revision parameters as arguments. Depending on the command, they denote a specific commit or, for commands which -walk the revision graph (such as linkgit:git-log[1]), all commits which can -be reached from that commit. In the latter case one can also specify a -range of revisions explicitly. +walk the revision graph (such as linkgit:git-log[1]), all commits which are +reachable from that commit. For commands that walk the revision graph one can +also specify a range of revisions explicitly. In addition, some Git commands (such as linkgit:git-show[1]) also take revision parameters which denote other objects than commits, e.g. blobs diff --git a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt index a79e350246..e6320891b1 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt @@ -246,13 +246,20 @@ $highlight_bin:: Note that 'highlight' feature must be set for gitweb to actually use syntax highlighting. + -*NOTE*: if you want to add support for new file type (supported by -"highlight" but not used by gitweb), you need to modify `%highlight_ext` -or `%highlight_basename`, depending on whether you detect type of file -based on extension (for example "sh") or on its basename (for example -"Makefile"). The keys of these hashes are extension and basename, -respectively, and value for given key is name of syntax to be passed via -`--syntax <syntax>` to highlighter. +*NOTE*: for a file to be highlighted, its syntax type must be detected +and that syntax must be supported by "highlight". The default syntax +detection is minimal, and there are many supported syntax types with no +detection by default. There are three options for adding syntax +detection. The first and second priority are `%highlight_basename` and +`%highlight_ext`, which detect based on basename (the full filename, for +example "Makefile") and extension (for example "sh"). The keys of these +hashes are the basename and extension, respectively, and the value for a +given key is the name of the syntax to be passed via `--syntax <syntax>` +to "highlight". The last priority is the "highlight" configuration of +`Shebang` regular expressions to detect the language based on the first +line in the file, (for example, matching the line "#!/bin/bash"). See +the highlight documentation and the default config at +/etc/highlight/filetypes.conf for more details. + For example if repositories you are hosting use "phtml" extension for PHP files, and you want to have correct syntax-highlighting for those diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt index b95d67ec01..a942d57f73 100644 --- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt +++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt @@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ endif::git-rev-list[] respecting the `auto` settings of the former if we are going to a terminal). `auto` alone (i.e. `%C(auto)`) will turn on auto coloring on the next placeholders until the color is switched again. -- '%m': left, right or boundary mark +- '%m': left (`<`), right (`>`) or boundary (`-`) mark - '%n': newline - '%%': a raw '%' - '%x00': print a byte from a hex code diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt index a779c9dfec..5da7cf5a8d 100644 --- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt @@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ excluded from the output. --left-only:: --right-only:: - List only commits on the respective side of a symmetric range, + List only commits on the respective side of a symmetric difference, i.e. only those which would be marked `<` resp. `>` by `--left-right`. + @@ -657,8 +657,9 @@ avoid showing the commits from two parallel development track mixed together. --reverse:: - Output the commits in reverse order. - Cannot be combined with `--walk-reflogs`. + Output the commits chosen to be shown (see Commit Limiting + section above) in reverse order. Cannot be combined with + `--walk-reflogs`. Object Traversal ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -796,7 +797,7 @@ ifdef::git-rev-list[] endif::git-rev-list[] --left-right:: - Mark which side of a symmetric diff a commit is reachable from. + Mark which side of a symmetric difference a commit is reachable from. Commits from the left side are prefixed with `<` and those from the right with `>`. If combined with `--boundary`, those commits are prefixed with `-`. diff --git a/Documentation/revisions.txt b/Documentation/revisions.txt index abae363983..ba11b9c95e 100644 --- a/Documentation/revisions.txt +++ b/Documentation/revisions.txt @@ -237,48 +237,81 @@ SPECIFYING RANGES ----------------- History traversing commands such as `git log` operate on a set -of commits, not just a single commit. To these commands, -specifying a single revision with the notation described in the -previous section means the set of commits reachable from that -commit, following the commit ancestry chain. - -To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix '{caret}' -notation is used. E.g. '{caret}r1 r2' means commits reachable -from 'r2' but exclude the ones reachable from 'r1'. - -This set operation appears so often that there is a shorthand -for it. When you have two commits 'r1' and 'r2' (named according -to the syntax explained in SPECIFYING REVISIONS above), you can ask -for commits that are reachable from r2 excluding those that are reachable -from r1 by '{caret}r1 r2' and it can be written as 'r1..r2'. - -A similar notation 'r1\...r2' is called symmetric difference -of 'r1' and 'r2' and is defined as -'r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)'. -It is the set of commits that are reachable from either one of -'r1' or 'r2' but not from both. - -In these two shorthands, you can omit one end and let it default to HEAD. +of commits, not just a single commit. + +For these commands, +specifying a single revision, using the notation described in the +previous section, means the set of commits `reachable` from the given +commit. + +A commit's reachable set is the commit itself and the commits in +its ancestry chain. + + +Commit Exclusions +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +'{caret}<rev>' (caret) Notation:: + To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix '{caret}' + notation is used. E.g. '{caret}r1 r2' means commits reachable + from 'r2' but exclude the ones reachable from 'r1' (i.e. 'r1' and + its ancestors). + +Dotted Range Notations +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +The '..' (two-dot) Range Notation:: + The '{caret}r1 r2' set operation appears so often that there is a shorthand + for it. When you have two commits 'r1' and 'r2' (named according + to the syntax explained in SPECIFYING REVISIONS above), you can ask + for commits that are reachable from r2 excluding those that are reachable + from r1 by '{caret}r1 r2' and it can be written as 'r1..r2'. + +The '...' (three dot) Symmetric Difference Notation:: + A similar notation 'r1\...r2' is called symmetric difference + of 'r1' and 'r2' and is defined as + 'r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)'. + It is the set of commits that are reachable from either one of + 'r1' (left side) or 'r2' (right side) but not from both. + +In these two shorthand notations, you can omit one end and let it default to HEAD. For example, 'origin..' is a shorthand for 'origin..HEAD' and asks "What did I do since I forked from the origin branch?" Similarly, '..origin' is a shorthand for 'HEAD..origin' and asks "What did the origin do since I forked from them?" Note that '..' would mean 'HEAD..HEAD' which is an empty range that is both reachable and unreachable from HEAD. -Two other shorthands for naming a set that is formed by a commit -and its parent commits exist. The 'r1{caret}@' notation means all -parents of 'r1'. 'r1{caret}!' includes commit 'r1' but excludes -all of its parents. +Other <rev>{caret} Parent Shorthand Notations +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +Three other shorthands exist, particularly useful for merge commits, +for naming a set that is formed by a commit and its parent commits. + +The 'r1{caret}@' notation means all parents of 'r1'. + +The 'r1{caret}!' notation includes commit 'r1' but excludes all of its parents. +By itself, this notation denotes the single commit 'r1'. + +The '<rev>{caret}-{<n>}' notation includes '<rev>' but excludes the <n>th +parent (i.e. a shorthand for '<rev>{caret}<n>..<rev>'), with '<n>' = 1 if +not given. This is typically useful for merge commits where you +can just pass '<commit>{caret}-' to get all the commits in the branch +that was merged in merge commit '<commit>' (including '<commit>' +itself). + +While '<rev>{caret}<n>' was about specifying a single commit parent, these +three notations also consider its parents. For example you can say +'HEAD{caret}2{caret}@', however you cannot say 'HEAD{caret}@{caret}2'. -To summarize: +Revision Range Summary +---------------------- '<rev>':: - Include commits that are reachable from (i.e. ancestors of) - <rev>. + Include commits that are reachable from <rev> (i.e. <rev> and its + ancestors). '{caret}<rev>':: - Exclude commits that are reachable from (i.e. ancestors of) - <rev>. + Exclude commits that are reachable from <rev> (i.e. <rev> and its + ancestors). '<rev1>..<rev2>':: Include commits that are reachable from <rev2> but exclude @@ -300,16 +333,33 @@ To summarize: as giving commit '<rev>' and then all its parents prefixed with '{caret}' to exclude them (and their ancestors). -Here are a handful of examples: - - D G H D - D F G H I J D F - ^G D H D - ^D B E I J F B - B..C C - B...C G H D E B C - ^D B C E I J F B C - C I J F C - C^@ I J F - C^! C - F^! D G H D F +'<rev>{caret}-{<n>}', e.g. 'HEAD{caret}-, HEAD{caret}-2':: + Equivalent to '<rev>{caret}<n>..<rev>', with '<n>' = 1 if not + given. + +Here are a handful of examples using the Loeliger illustration above, +with each step in the notation's expansion and selection carefully +spelt out: + + Args Expanded arguments Selected commits + D G H D + D F G H I J D F + ^G D H D + ^D B E I J F B + ^D B C E I J F B C + C I J F C + B..C = ^B C C + B...C = B ^F C G H D E B C + B^- = B^..B + = ^B^1 B E I J F B + C^@ = C^1 + = F I J F + B^@ = B^1 B^2 B^3 + = D E F D G H E F I J + C^! = C ^C^@ + = C ^C^1 + = C ^F C + B^! = B ^B^@ + = B ^B^1 ^B^2 ^B^3 + = B ^D ^E ^F B + F^! D = F ^I ^J D G H D F diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt index 3e75497a37..dcc52943a5 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt @@ -38,16 +38,20 @@ Functions `sha1_array_for_each_unique`:: Efficiently iterate over each unique element of the list, executing the callback function for each one. If the array is - not sorted, this function has the side effect of sorting it. + not sorted, this function has the side effect of sorting it. If + the callback returns a non-zero value, the iteration ends + immediately and the callback's return is propagated; otherwise, + 0 is returned. Examples -------- ----------------------------------------- -void print_callback(const unsigned char sha1[20], +int print_callback(const unsigned char sha1[20], void *data) { printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1)); + return 0; /* always continue */ } void some_func(void) |