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-rw-r--r--Documentation/Makefile4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.2.txt15
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.3.txt101
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt312
-rw-r--r--Documentation/SubmittingPatches80
-rw-r--r--Documentation/config.txt114
-rw-r--r--Documentation/diff-options.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/everyday.txto2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-clone.txt11
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-commit.txt3
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-config.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-format-patch.txt60
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-init.txt7
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-merge.txt14
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-notes.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt3
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-repack.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-submodule.txt19
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/githooks.txt73
-rw-r--r--Documentation/glossary-content.txt2
-rwxr-xr-xDocumentation/lint-gitlink.perl71
-rw-r--r--Documentation/merge-options.txt15
-rw-r--r--Documentation/pretty-formats.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt2
32 files changed, 779 insertions, 181 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile
index 3e39e2815b..f6e288bc63 100644
--- a/Documentation/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/Makefile
@@ -204,6 +204,7 @@ ifndef V
QUIET_DBLATEX = @echo ' ' DBLATEX $@;
QUIET_XSLTPROC = @echo ' ' XSLTPROC $@;
QUIET_GEN = @echo ' ' GEN $@;
+ QUIET_LINT = @echo ' ' LINT $@;
QUIET_STDERR = 2> /dev/null
QUIET_SUBDIR0 = +@subdir=
QUIET_SUBDIR1 = ;$(NO_SUBDIR) echo ' ' SUBDIR $$subdir; \
@@ -427,4 +428,7 @@ quick-install-html: require-htmlrepo
print-man1:
@for i in $(MAN1_TXT); do echo $$i; done
+lint-docs::
+ $(QUIET_LINT)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl
+
.PHONY: FORCE
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.2.txt
index 3db67f4c55..447b1933a8 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.2.txt
@@ -52,4 +52,19 @@ Fixes since v2.8.1
nothing into an unborn history (which is arguably unusual usage,
which perhaps was the reason why nobody noticed it).
+ * Build updates for MSVC.
+
+ * "git diff -M" used to work better when two originally identical
+ files A and B got renamed to X/A and X/B by pairing A to X/A and B
+ to X/B, but this was broken in the 2.0 timeframe.
+
+ * "git send-pack --all <there>" was broken when its command line
+ option parsing was written in the 2.6 timeframe.
+
+ * When running "git blame $path" with unnormalized data in the index
+ for the path, the data in the working tree was blamed, even though
+ "git add" would not have changed what is already in the index, due
+ to "safe crlf" that disables the line-end conversion. It has been
+ corrected.
+
Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fedd9968e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+Git v2.8.3 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.8.2
+------------------
+
+ * "git send-email" now uses a more readable timestamps when
+ formulating a message ID.
+
+ * The repository set-up sequence has been streamlined (the biggest
+ change is that there is no longer git_config_early()), so that we
+ do not attempt to look into refs/* when we know we do not have a
+ Git repository.
+
+ * When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -d" allowed
+ deletion of a branch that is checked out in another worktree
+
+ * When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -m" renamed a
+ branch that is checked out in another worktree without adjusting
+ the HEAD symbolic ref for the worktree.
+
+ * "git format-patch --help" showed `-s` and `--no-patch` as if these
+ are valid options to the command. We already hide `--patch` option
+ from the documentation, because format-patch is about showing the
+ diff, and the documentation now hides these options as well.
+
+ * A change back in version 2.7 to "git branch" broke display of a
+ symbolic ref in a non-standard place in the refs/ hierarchy (we
+ expect symbolic refs to appear in refs/remotes/*/HEAD to point at
+ the primary branch the remote has, and as .git/HEAD to point at the
+ branch we locally checked out).
+
+ * A partial rewrite of "git submodule" in the 2.7 timeframe changed
+ the way the gitdir: pointer in the submodules point at the real
+ repository location to use absolute paths by accident. This has
+ been corrected.
+
+ * "git commit" misbehaved in a few minor ways when an empty message
+ is given via -m '', all of which has been corrected.
+
+ * Support for CRAM-MD5 authentication method in "git imap-send" did
+ not work well.
+
+ * The socks5:// proxy support added back in 2.6.4 days was not aware
+ that socks5h:// proxies behave differently.
+
+ * "git config" had a codepath that tried to pass a NULL to
+ printf("%s"), which nobody seems to have noticed.
+
+ * On Cygwin, object creation uses the "create a temporary and then
+ rename it to the final name" pattern, not "create a temporary,
+ hardlink it to the final name and then unlink the temporary"
+ pattern.
+
+ This is necessary to use Git on Windows shared directories, and is
+ already enabled for the MinGW and plain Windows builds. It also
+ has been used in Cygwin packaged versions of Git for quite a while.
+ See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/291853
+ and http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/275680.
+
+ * "git replace -e" did not honour "core.editor" configuration.
+
+ * Upcoming OpenSSL 1.1.0 will break compilation b updating a few APIs
+ we use in imap-send, which has been adjusted for the change.
+
+ * "git submodule" reports the paths of submodules the command
+ recurses into, but this was incorrect when the command was not run
+ from the root level of the superproject.
+
+ * The test scripts for "git p4" (but not "git p4" implementation
+ itself) has been updated so that they would work even on a system
+ where the installed version of Python is python 3.
+
+ * The "user.useConfigOnly" configuration variable makes it an error
+ if users do not explicitly set user.name and user.email. However,
+ its check was not done early enough and allowed another error to
+ trigger, reporting that the default value we guessed from the
+ system setting was unusable. This was a suboptimal end-user
+ experience as we want the users to set user.name/user.email without
+ relying on the auto-detection at all.
+
+ * "git mv old new" did not adjust the path for a submodule that lives
+ as a subdirectory inside old/ directory correctly.
+
+ * "git push" from a corrupt repository that attempts to push a large
+ number of refs deadlocked; the thread to relay rejection notices
+ for these ref updates blocked on writing them to the main thread,
+ after the main thread at the receiving end notices that the push
+ failed and decides not to read these notices and return a failure.
+
+ * A question by "git send-email" to ask the identity of the sender
+ has been updated.
+
+ * Recent update to Git LFS broke "git p4" by changing the output from
+ its "lfs pointer" subcommand.
+
+ * Some multi-byte encoding can have a backslash byte as a later part
+ of one letter, which would confuse "highlight" filter used in
+ gitweb.
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt
index 6e10b8d662..a60e92e0dd 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt
@@ -16,12 +16,20 @@ The output formats of "git log" that indents the commit log message by
4 spaces now expands HT in the log message by default. You can use
the "--no-expand-tabs" option to disable this.
+"git commit-tree" plumbing command required the user to always sign
+its result when the user sets the commit.gpgsign configuration
+variable, which was an ancient mistake, which this release corrects.
+A script that drives commit-tree, if it relies on this mistake, now
+needs to read commit.gpgsign and pass the -S option as necessary.
+
Updates since v2.8
------------------
UI, Workflows & Features
+ * Comes with git-multimail 1.3.1 (in contrib/).
+
* The end-user facing Porcelain level commands like "diff" and "log"
now enables the rename detection by default.
@@ -56,6 +64,9 @@ UI, Workflows & Features
to be used in a rare event that merges histories of two projects
that started their lives independently.
+ * "git pull" has been taught to pass --allow-unrelated-histories
+ option to underlying "git merge".
+
* "git apply -v" learned to report paths in the patch that were
skipped via --include/--exclude mechanism or being outside the
current working directory.
@@ -82,7 +93,63 @@ UI, Workflows & Features
* "git send-email" now uses a more readable timestamps when
formulating a message ID.
- (merge f916ab0 ew/send-email-readable-message-id later to maint).
+
+ * "git rerere" can encounter two or more files with the same conflict
+ signature that have to be resolved in different ways, but there was
+ no way to record these separate resolutions.
+ (merge d9d501b068 jc/rerere-multi later to maint).
+
+ * "git p4" learned to record P4 jobs in Git commit that imports from
+ the history in Perforce.
+
+ * "git describe --contains" often made a hard-to-justify choice of
+ tag to give name to a given commit, because it tried to come up
+ with a name with smallest number of hops from a tag, causing an old
+ commit whose close descendant that is recently tagged were not
+ described with respect to an old tag but with a newer tag. It did
+ not help that its computation of "hop" count was further tweaked to
+ penalize being on a side branch of a merge. The logic has been
+ updated to favor using the tag with the oldest tagger date, which
+ is a lot easier to explain to the end users: "We describe a commit
+ in terms of the (chronologically) oldest tag that contains the
+ commit."
+ (merge 7550424 js/name-rev-use-oldest-ref later to maint).
+
+ * "git clone" learned "--shallow-submodules" option.
+
+ * HTTP transport clients learned to throw extra HTTP headers at the
+ server, specified via http.extraHeader configuration variable.
+
+ * Patch output from "git diff" and friends has been tweaked to be
+ more readable by using a blank line as a strong hint that the
+ contents before and after it belong to a logically separate unit.
+
+ * A new configuration variable core.hooksPath allows customizing
+ where the hook directory is.
+
+ * An earlier addition of "sanitize_submodule_env" with 14111fc4 (git:
+ submodule honor -c credential.* from command line, 2016-02-29)
+ turned out to be a convoluted no-op; implement what it wanted to do
+ correctly, and stop filtering settings given via "git -c var=val".
+
+ * "git commit --dry-run" reported "No, no, you cannot commit." in one
+ case where "git commit" would have allowed you to commit, and this
+ improves it a little bit ("git commit --dry-run --short" still does
+ not give you the correct answer, for example). This is a stop-gap
+ measure in that "commit --short --dry-run" still gives an incorrect
+ result.
+
+ * The experimental "multiple worktree" feature gains more safety to
+ forbid operations on a branch that is checked out or being actively
+ worked on elsewhere, by noticing that e.g. it is being rebased.
+
+ * "git format-patch" learned a new "--base" option to record what
+ (public, well-known) commit the original series was built on in
+ its output.
+
+ * "git commit" learned to pay attention to "commit.verbose"
+ configuration variable and act as if "--verbose" option was
+ given from the command line.
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
@@ -90,7 +157,6 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* The embedded args argv-array in the child process is used to build
the command line to run pack-objects instead of using a separate
array of strings.
- (merge 65a3629 mp/upload-pack-use-embedded-args later to maint).
* A test for tags has been restructured so that more parts of it can
easily be run on a platform without a working GnuPG.
@@ -99,7 +165,6 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
repository (among other things), are now uniformly available to Git
subcommand implementations, and Git avoids attempting to touch
references when we are not in a repository.
- (merge 11e6b3f jk/startup-info later to maint).
* The command line argument parser for "receive-pack" has been
rewritten to use parse-options.
@@ -109,20 +174,70 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
parallel.
* Rename bunch of tests on "git clone" for better organization.
- (merge 8fbb03a sb/clone-t57-t56 later to maint).
* The tests that involve running httpd leaked the system-wide
configuration in /etc/gitconfig to the tested environment.
- (merge 1fad503 jk/test-httpd-config-nosystem later to maint).
* Build updates for MSVC.
- (merge 0ef60af ss/msvc later to maint).
* The repository set-up sequence has been streamlined (the biggest
change is that there is no longer git_config_early()), so that we
do not attempt to look into refs/* when we know we do not have a
Git repository.
- (merge 274db84 jk/check-repository-format later to maint).
+
+ * Code restructuring around the "refs" area to prepare for pluggable
+ refs backends.
+
+ * Sources to many test helper binaries (and the generated helpers)
+ have been moved to t/helper/ subdirectory to reduce clutter at the
+ top level of the tree.
+
+ * Unify internal logic between "git tag -v" and "git verify-tag"
+ commands by making one directly call into the other.
+ (merge bef234b st/verify-tag later to maint).
+
+ * "merge-recursive" strategy incorrectly checked if a path that is
+ involved in its internal merge exists in the working tree.
+
+ * The test scripts for "git p4" (but not "git p4" implementation
+ itself) has been updated so that they would work even on a system
+ where the installed version of Python is python 3.
+
+ * As nobody maintains our in-tree git.spec.in and distros use their
+ own spec file, we stopped pretending that we support "make rpm".
+
+ * Move from unsigned char[20] to struct object_id continues.
+
+ * Update of "git submodule" to move pieces of logic to C continues.
+
+ * The code for warning_errno/die_errno has been refactored and a new
+ error_errno() reporting helper is introduced.
+ (merge 1da045f nd/error-errno later to maint).
+
+ * Running tests with '-x' option to trace the individual command
+ executions is a useful way to debug test scripts, but some tests
+ that capture the standard error stream and check what the command
+ said can be broken with the trace output mixed in. When running
+ our tests under "bash", however, we can redirect the trace output
+ to another file descriptor to keep the standard error of programs
+ being tested intact.
+ (merge d88785e jk/test-send-sh-x-trace-elsewhere later to maint).
+
+ * t0040 had too many unnecessary repetitions in its test data. Teach
+ test-parse-options program so that a caller can tell what it
+ expects in its output, so that these repetitions can be cleaned up.
+
+ * Add perf test for "rebase -i"
+
+ * Common mistakes when writing gitlink: in our documentation are
+ found by "make check-docs".
+
+ * t9xxx series has been updated primarily for readability, while
+ fixing small bugs in it. A few scripted Porcelains have also been
+ updated to fix possible bugs around their use of "test -z" and
+ "test -n".
+
+ * CI test was taught to run git-svn tests.
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
@@ -138,110 +253,87 @@ notes for details).
* "git config --get-urlmatch", unlike other variants of the "git
config --get" family, did not signal error with its exit status
when there was no matching configuration.
- (merge 24990b2 jk/config-get-urlmatch later to maint).
* The "--local-env-vars" and "--resolve-git-dir" options of "git
rev-parse" failed to work outside a repository when the command's
option parsing was rewritten in 1.8.5 era.
- (merge fc7d47f jk/rev-parse-local-env-vars later to maint).
* "git index-pack --keep[=<msg>] pack-$name.pack" simply did not work.
- (merge 0e94242 jc/maint-index-pack-keep later to maint).
* Fetching of history by naming a commit object name directly didn't
work across remote-curl transport.
- (merge 754ecb1 gf/fetch-pack-direct-object-fetch later to maint).
* A small memory leak in an error codepath has been plugged in xdiff
code.
- (merge 87f1625 rj/xdiff-prepare-plug-leak-on-error-codepath later to maint).
* strbuf_getwholeline() did not NUL-terminate the buffer on certain
corner cases in its error codepath.
- (merge b709043 jk/getwholeline-getdelim-empty later to maint).
* "git mergetool" did not work well with conflicts that both sides
deleted.
- (merge a298604 da/mergetool-delete-delete-conflict later to maint).
* "git send-email" had trouble parsing alias file in mailrc format
when lines in it had trailing whitespaces on them.
- (merge a277d1e jk/send-email-rtrim-mailrc-alias later to maint).
* When "git merge --squash" stopped due to conflict, the concluding
"git commit" failed to read in the SQUASH_MSG that shows the log
messages from all the squashed commits.
- (merge b64c1e0 ss/commit-squash-msg later to maint).
* "git merge FETCH_HEAD" dereferenced NULL pointer when merging
nothing into an unborn history (which is arguably unusual usage,
which perhaps was the reason why nobody noticed it).
- (merge b84e65d jv/merge-nothing-into-void later to maint).
* When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -d" allowed
deletion of a branch that is checked out in another worktree,
which was wrong.
- (merge f292244 ky/branch-d-worktree later to maint).
* When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -m" renamed a
branch that is checked out in another worktree without adjusting
the HEAD symbolic ref for the worktree.
- (merge 18eb3a9 ky/branch-m-worktree later to maint).
* "git diff -M" used to work better when two originally identical
files A and B got renamed to X/A and X/B by pairing A to X/A and B
to X/B, but this was broken in the 2.0 timeframe.
- (merge ca4e3ca sg/diff-multiple-identical-renames later to maint).
* "git send-pack --all <there>" was broken when its command line
option parsing was written in the 2.6 timeframe.
- (merge c677756 sk/send-pack-all-fix later to maint).
* "git format-patch --help" showed `-s` and `--no-patch` as if these
are valid options to the command. We already hide `--patch` option
from the documentation, because format-patch is about showing the
diff, and the documentation now hides these options as well.
- (merge b73a1bc es/format-patch-doc-hide-no-patch later to maint).
* When running "git blame $path" with unnormalized data in the index
for the path, the data in the working tree was blamed, even though
"git add" would not have changed what is already in the index, due
to "safe crlf" that disables the line-end conversion. It has been
corrected.
- (merge a08feb8 tb/blame-force-read-cache-to-workaround-safe-crlf later to maint).
* A change back in version 2.7 to "git branch" broke display of a
symbolic ref in a non-standard place in the refs/ hierarchy (we
expect symbolic refs to appear in refs/remotes/*/HEAD to point at
the primary branch the remote has, and as .git/HEAD to point at the
branch we locally checked out).
- (merge 95c38fb jk/branch-shortening-funny-symrefs later to maint).
* A partial rewrite of "git submodule" in the 2.7 timeframe changed
the way the gitdir: pointer in the submodules point at the real
repository location to use absolute paths by accident. This has
been corrected.
- (merge 1f15ba1 sb/submodule-helper-clone-regression-fix later to maint).
* "git commit" misbehaved in a few minor ways when an empty message
is given via -m '', all of which has been corrected.
- (merge 27014cb ad/commit-have-m-option later to maint).
* Support for CRAM-MD5 authentication method in "git imap-send" did
not work well.
- (merge eb94ee7 ky/imap-send later to maint).
* Upcoming OpenSSL 1.1.0 will break compilation b updating a few APIs
we use in imap-send, which has been adjusted for the change.
- (merge 1245c74 ky/imap-send-openssl-1.1.0 later to maint).
* The socks5:// proxy support added back in 2.6.4 days was not aware
that socks5h:// proxies behave differently.
- (merge 87f8a0b jc/http-socks5h later to maint).
* "git config" had a codepath that tried to pass a NULL to
printf("%s"), which nobody seems to have noticed.
- (merge 1cae428 jk/do-not-printf-NULL later to maint).
* On Cygwin, object creation uses the "create a temporary and then
rename it to the final name" pattern, not "create a temporary,
@@ -252,25 +344,145 @@ notes for details).
already enabled for the MinGW and plain Windows builds. It also
has been used in Cygwin packaged versions of Git for quite a while.
See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/291853
- (merge e53a64b ad/cygwin-wants-rename later to maint).
+
+ * "merge-octopus" strategy did not ensure that the index is clean
+ when merge begins.
+
+ * When "git merge" notices that the merge can be resolved purely at
+ the tree level (without having to merge blobs) and the resulting
+ tree happens to already exist in the object store, it forgot to
+ update the index, which lead to an inconsistent state for later
+ operations.
+
+ * "git submodule" reports the paths of submodules the command
+ recurses into, but this was incorrect when the command was not run
+ from the root level of the superproject.
+
+ * The "user.useConfigOnly" configuration variable makes it an error
+ if users do not explicitly set user.name and user.email. However,
+ its check was not done early enough and allowed another error to
+ trigger, reporting that the default value we guessed from the
+ system setting was unusable. This was a suboptimal end-user
+ experience as we want the users to set user.name/user.email without
+ relying on the auto-detection at all.
+
+ * "git mv old new" did not adjust the path for a submodule that lives
+ as a subdirectory inside old/ directory correctly.
+
+ * "git replace -e" did not honour "core.editor" configuration.
+
+ * "git push" from a corrupt repository that attempts to push a large
+ number of refs deadlocked; the thread to relay rejection notices
+ for these ref updates blocked on writing them to the main thread,
+ after the main thread at the receiving end notices that the push
+ failed and decides not to read these notices and return a failure.
+
+ * mmap emulation on Windows has been optimized and work better without
+ consuming paging store when not needed.
+
+ * A question by "git send-email" to ask the identity of the sender
+ has been updated.
+
+ * UI consistency improvements for "git mergetool".
+
+ * "git rebase -m" could be asked to rebase an entire branch starting
+ from the root, but failed by assuming that there always is a parent
+ commit to the first commit on the branch.
+ (merge 79f4344 bw/rebase-merge-entire-branch later to maint).
+
+ * Fix a broken "p4 lfs" test.
+
+ * Recent update to Git LFS broke "git p4" by changing the output from
+ its "lfs pointer" subcommand.
+
+ * "git fetch" test t5510 was flaky while running a (forced) automagic
+ garbage collection.
+
+ * Documentation updates to help contributors setting up Travis CI
+ test for their patches.
+
+ * Some multi-byte encoding can have a backslash byte as a later part
+ of one letter, which would confuse "highlight" filter used in
+ gitweb.
+
+ * "git commit-tree" plumbing command required the user to always sign
+ its result when the user sets the commit.gpgsign configuration
+ variable, which was an ancient mistake. Rework "git rebase" that
+ relied on this mistake so that it reads commit.gpgsign and pass (or
+ not pass) the -S option to "git commit-tree" to keep the end-user
+ expectation the same, while teaching "git commit-tree" to ignore
+ the configuration variable. This will stop requiring the users to
+ sign commit objects used internally as an implementation detail of
+ "git stash".
+ (merge 6694856 jc/commit-tree-ignore-commit-gpgsign later to maint).
+
+ * "http.cookieFile" configuration variable clearly wants a pathname,
+ but we forgot to treat it as such by e.g. applying tilde expansion.
+ (merge e5a39ad bn/http-cookiefile-config later to maint).
+
+ * Consolidate description of tilde-expansion that is done to
+ configuration variables that take pathname to a single place.
+ (merge dca83ab jc/config-pathname-type later to maint).
+
+ * Correct faulty recommendation to use "git submodule deinit ." when
+ de-initialising all submodules, which would result in a strange
+ error message in a pathological corner case.
+ (merge f6a5279 sb/submodule-deinit-all later to maint).
+
+ * Many 'linkgit:<git documentation page>' references were broken,
+ which are all fixed with this.
+ (merge 1cca17d jc/linkgit-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git rerere" can get confused by conflict markers deliberately left
+ by the inner merge step, because they are indistinguishable from
+ the real conflict markers left by the outermost merge which are
+ what the end user and "rerere" need to look at. This was fixed by
+ making the conflict markers left by the inner merges a bit longer.
+ (merge 0f9fd5c jc/ll-merge-internal later to maint).
+
+ * CI test was taught to build documentation pages.
+ (merge b98712b ls/travis-build-doc later to maint).
+
+ * "git fsck" learned to catch NUL byte in a commit object as
+ potential error and warn.
+ (merge 6d2d780 jc/fsck-nul-in-commit later to maint).
+
+ * Portability enhancement for "rebase -i" to help platforms whose
+ shell does not like "for i in <empty>" (which is not POSIX-kosher).
+ (merge 8e98b35 jk/rebase-interative-eval-fix later to maint).
+
+ * On Windows, .git and optionally any files whose name starts with a
+ dot are now marked as hidden, with a core.hideDotFiles knob to
+ customize this behaviour.
+ (merge ebf31e7 js/windows-dotgit later to maint).
+
+ * Documentation for "git merge --verify-signatures" has been updated
+ to clarify that the signature of only the commit at the tip is
+ verified. Also the phrasing used for signature and key validity is
+ adjusted to align with that used by OpenPGP.
+ (merge 05a5869 kf/gpg-sig-verification-doc later to maint).
+
+ * A couple of bugs around core.autocrlf have been fixed.
+ (merge caa47ad tb/core-eol-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Many commands normalize command line arguments from NFD to NFC
+ variant of UTF-8 on OSX, but commands in the "diff" family did
+ not, causing "git diff $path" to complain that no such path is
+ known to Git. They have been taught to do the normalization.
+ (merge 90a78b8 ar/diff-args-osx-precompose later to maint).
+
+ * "git difftool" learned to handle unmerged paths correctly in
+ dir-diff mode.
+ (merge 366f9ce da/difftool later to maint).
* Other minor clean-ups and documentation updates
- (merge aed7480 mm/lockfile-error-message later to maint).
- (merge bfee614 jc/index-pack later to maint).
- (merge f870899 ss/exc-flag-is-a-collection-of-bits later to maint).
- (merge dde7891 pb/t7502-drop-dup later to maint).
- (merge 3bd1b51 cc/doc-recommend-performance-trace-to-file later to maint).
- (merge 7d5e9c9 jk/credential-cache-comment-exit later to maint).
- (merge 16a86d4 nd/apply-doc later to maint).
- (merge c3f6b85 pb/opt-cmdmode-doc later to maint).
- (merge 30211fb oa/doc-diff-check later to maint).
- (merge 01d98e8 ak/use-hashmap-iter-first-in-submodule-config later to maint).
- (merge 8b5a3e9 kn/for-each-tag-branch later to maint).
- (merge 9c60d9f sb/misc-cleanups later to maint).
- (merge 7a6a44c cc/apply later to maint).
- (merge 8e9b208 js/mingw-tests-2.8 later to maint).
- (merge d55de70 jc/makefile-redirection-stderr later to maint).
- (merge 4232b21 ep/trace-doc-sample-fix later to maint).
- (merge ef8c95e ew/send-email-drop-data-dumper later to maint).
- (merge 24041d6 jc/xstrfmt-null-with-prec-0 later to maint).
- (merge 7bec7f5 jk/use-write-script-more later to maint).
+ (merge 832c0e5 lp/typofixes later to maint).
+ (merge f5ee54a sb/z-is-gnutar-ism later to maint).
+ (merge 2e3926b va/i18n-misc-updates later to maint).
+ (merge f212dcc bn/config-doc-tt-varnames later to maint).
+ (merge f54bea4 nd/remote-plural-ours-plus-theirs later to maint).
+ (merge 2bb0518 ak/t4151-ls-files-could-be-empty later to maint).
+ (merge 4df4313 jc/test-seq later to maint).
+ (merge a75a308 tb/t5601-sed-fix later to maint).
+ (merge 6c1fbe1 va/i18n-remote-comment-to-align later to maint).
+ (merge dee2303 va/mailinfo-doc-typofix later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
index 98fc4cc1d0..e8ad978824 100644
--- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
+++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
@@ -61,23 +61,28 @@ Make sure that you have tests for the bug you are fixing. See
t/README for guidance.
When adding a new feature, make sure that you have new tests to show
-the feature triggers the new behaviour when it should, and to show the
-feature does not trigger when it shouldn't. Also make sure that the
-test suite passes after your commit. Do not forget to update the
-documentation to describe the updated behaviour.
-
-Speaking of the documentation, it is currently a liberal mixture of US
-and UK English norms for spelling and grammar, which is somewhat
-unfortunate. A huge patch that touches the files all over the place
-only to correct the inconsistency is not welcome, though. Potential
-clashes with other changes that can result from such a patch are not
-worth it. We prefer to gradually reconcile the inconsistencies in
-favor of US English, with small and easily digestible patches, as a
-side effect of doing some other real work in the vicinity (e.g.
-rewriting a paragraph for clarity, while turning en_UK spelling to
-en_US). Obvious typographical fixes are much more welcomed ("teh ->
-"the"), preferably submitted as independent patches separate from
-other documentation changes.
+the feature triggers the new behavior when it should, and to show the
+feature does not trigger when it shouldn't. After any code change, make
+sure that the entire test suite passes.
+
+If you have an account at GitHub (and you can get one for free to work
+on open source projects), you can use their Travis CI integration to
+test your changes on Linux, Mac (and hopefully soon Windows). See
+GitHub-Travis CI hints section for details.
+
+Do not forget to update the documentation to describe the updated
+behavior and make sure that the resulting documentation set formats
+well. It is currently a liberal mixture of US and UK English norms for
+spelling and grammar, which is somewhat unfortunate. A huge patch that
+touches the files all over the place only to correct the inconsistency
+is not welcome, though. Potential clashes with other changes that can
+result from such a patch are not worth it. We prefer to gradually
+reconcile the inconsistencies in favor of US English, with small and
+easily digestible patches, as a side effect of doing some other real
+work in the vicinity (e.g. rewriting a paragraph for clarity, while
+turning en_UK spelling to en_US). Obvious typographical fixes are much
+more welcomed ("teh -> "the"), preferably submitted as independent
+patches separate from other documentation changes.
Oh, another thing. We are picky about whitespaces. Make sure your
changes do not trigger errors with the sample pre-commit hook shipped
@@ -370,6 +375,47 @@ Know the status of your patch after submission
entitled "What's cooking in git.git" and "What's in git.git" giving
the status of various proposed changes.
+--------------------------------------------------
+GitHub-Travis CI hints
+
+With an account at GitHub (you can get one for free to work on open
+source projects), you can use Travis CI to test your changes on Linux,
+Mac (and hopefully soon Windows). You can find a successful example
+test build here: https://travis-ci.org/git/git/builds/120473209
+
+Follow these steps for the initial setup:
+
+ (1) Fork https://github.com/git/git to your GitHub account.
+ You can find detailed instructions how to fork here:
+ https://help.github.com/articles/fork-a-repo/
+
+ (2) Open the Travis CI website: https://travis-ci.org
+
+ (3) Press the "Sign in with GitHub" button.
+
+ (4) Grant Travis CI permissions to access your GitHub account.
+ You can find more information about the required permissions here:
+ https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/github-oauth-scopes
+
+ (5) Open your Travis CI profile page: https://travis-ci.org/profile
+
+ (6) Enable Travis CI builds for your Git fork.
+
+After the initial setup, Travis CI will run whenever you push new changes
+to your fork of Git on GitHub. You can monitor the test state of all your
+branches here: https://travis-ci.org/<Your GitHub handle>/git/branches
+
+If a branch did not pass all test cases then it is marked with a red
+cross. In that case you can click on the failing Travis CI job and
+scroll all the way down in the log. Find the line "<-- Click here to see
+detailed test output!" and click on the triangle next to the log line
+number to expand the detailed test output. Here is such a failing
+example: https://travis-ci.org/git/git/jobs/122676187
+
+Fix the problem and push your fix to your Git fork. This will trigger
+a new Travis CI build to ensure all tests pass.
+
+
------------------------------------------------
MUA specific hints
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index 42d2b50477..53f00dbc26 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -81,13 +81,16 @@ Includes
You can include one config file from another by setting the special
`include.path` variable to the name of the file to be included. The
+variable takes a pathname as its value, and is subject to tilde
+expansion.
+
+The
included file is expanded immediately, as if its contents had been
found at the location of the include directive. If the value of the
`include.path` variable is a relative path, the path is considered to be
relative to the configuration file in which the include directive was
-found. The value of `include.path` is subject to tilde expansion: `~/`
-is expanded to the value of `$HOME`, and `~user/` to the specified
-user's home directory. See below for examples.
+found. See below for examples.
+
Example
~~~~~~~
@@ -114,7 +117,7 @@ Example
[include]
path = /path/to/foo.inc ; include by absolute path
path = foo ; expand "foo" relative to the current file
- path = ~/foo ; expand "foo" in your $HOME directory
+ path = ~/foo ; expand "foo" in your `$HOME` directory
Values
@@ -169,6 +172,13 @@ thing on the same output line (e.g. opening parenthesis before the
list of branch names in `log --decorate` output) is set to be
painted with `bold` or some other attribute.
+pathname::
+ A variable that takes a pathname value can be given a
+ string that begins with "`~/`" or "`~user/`", and the usual
+ tilde expansion happens to such a string: `~/`
+ is expanded to the value of `$HOME`, and `~user/` to the
+ specified user's home directory.
+
Variables
~~~~~~~~~
@@ -269,6 +279,12 @@ See linkgit:git-update-index[1].
+
The default is true (when core.filemode is not specified in the config file).
+core.hideDotFiles::
+ (Windows-only) If true, mark newly-created directories and files whose
+ name starts with a dot as hidden. If 'dotGitOnly', only the `.git/`
+ directory is hidden, but no other files starting with a dot. The
+ default mode is 'dotGitOnly'.
+
core.ignoreCase::
If true, this option enables various workarounds to enable
Git to work better on filesystems that are not case sensitive,
@@ -337,9 +353,9 @@ core.quotePath::
core.eol::
Sets the line ending type to use in the working directory for
- files that have the `text` property set. Alternatives are
- 'lf', 'crlf' and 'native', which uses the platform's native
- line ending. The default value is `native`. See
+ files that have the `text` property set when core.autocrlf is false.
+ Alternatives are 'lf', 'crlf' and 'native', which uses the platform's
+ native line ending. The default value is `native`. See
linkgit:gitattributes[5] for more information on end-of-line
conversion.
@@ -486,10 +502,10 @@ repository's usual working tree).
core.logAllRefUpdates::
Enable the reflog. Updates to a ref <ref> is logged to the file
- "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>", by appending the new and old
+ "`$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>`", by appending the new and old
SHA-1, the date/time and the reason of the update, but
only when the file exists. If this configuration
- variable is set to true, missing "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>"
+ variable is set to true, missing "`$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>`"
file is automatically created for branch heads (i.e. under
refs/heads/), remote refs (i.e. under refs/remotes/),
note refs (i.e. under refs/notes/), and the symbolic ref HEAD.
@@ -593,12 +609,11 @@ be delta compressed, but larger binary media files won't be.
Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
core.excludesFile::
- In addition to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and
- '.git/info/exclude', Git looks into this file for patterns
- of files which are not meant to be tracked. "`~/`" is expanded
- to the value of `$HOME` and "`~user/`" to the specified user's
- home directory. Its default value is $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore.
- If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/ignore
+ Specifies the pathname to the file that contains patterns to
+ describe paths that are not meant to be tracked, in addition
+ to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and '.git/info/exclude'.
+ Defaults to `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore`.
+ If `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is either not set or empty, `$HOME/.config/git/ignore`
is used instead. See linkgit:gitignore[5].
core.askPass::
@@ -615,8 +630,25 @@ core.attributesFile::
'.git/info/attributes', Git looks into this file for attributes
(see linkgit:gitattributes[5]). Path expansions are made the same
way as for `core.excludesFile`. Its default value is
- $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not
- set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/attributes is used instead.
+ `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes`. If `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is either not
+ set or empty, `$HOME/.config/git/attributes` is used instead.
+
+core.hooksPath::
+ By default Git will look for your hooks in the
+ '$GIT_DIR/hooks' directory. Set this to different path,
+ e.g. '/etc/git/hooks', and Git will try to find your hooks in
+ that directory, e.g. '/etc/git/hooks/pre-receive' instead of
+ in '$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-receive'.
++
+The path can be either absolute or relative. A relative path is
+taken as relative to the directory where the hooks are run (see
+the "DESCRIPTION" section of linkgit:githooks[5]).
++
+This configuration variable is useful in cases where you'd like to
+centrally configure your Git hooks instead of configuring them on a
+per-repository basis, or as a more flexible and centralized
+alternative to having an `init.templateDir` where you've changed
+default hooks.
core.editor::
Commands such as `commit` and `tag` that lets you edit
@@ -1106,9 +1138,12 @@ commit.status::
message. Defaults to true.
commit.template::
- Specify a file to use as the template for new commit messages.
- "`~/`" is expanded to the value of `$HOME` and "`~user/`" to the
- specified user's home directory.
+ Specify the pathname of a file to use as the template for
+ new commit messages.
+
+commit.verbose::
+ A boolean or int to specify the level of verbose with `git commit`.
+ See linkgit:git-commit[1].
credential.helper::
Specify an external helper to be called when a username or
@@ -1259,6 +1294,10 @@ format.outputDirectory::
Set a custom directory to store the resulting files instead of the
current working directory.
+format.useAutoBase::
+ A boolean value which lets you enable the `--base=auto` option of
+ format-patch by default.
+
filter.<driver>.clean::
The command which is used to convert the content of a worktree
file to a blob upon checkin. See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for
@@ -1335,7 +1374,7 @@ gc.worktreePruneExpire::
'git worktree prune --expire 3.months.ago'.
This config variable can be used to set a different grace
period. The value "now" may be used to disable the grace
- period and prune $GIT_DIR/worktrees immediately, or "never"
+ period and prune `$GIT_DIR/worktrees` immediately, or "never"
may be used to suppress pruning.
gc.reflogExpire::
@@ -1475,13 +1514,13 @@ grep.fallbackToNoIndex::
is executed outside of a git repository. Defaults to false.
gpg.program::
- Use this custom program instead of "gpg" found on $PATH when
+ Use this custom program instead of "`gpg`" found on `$PATH` when
making or verifying a PGP signature. The program must support the
same command-line interface as GPG, namely, to verify a detached
- signature, "gpg --verify $file - <$signature" is run, and the
+ signature, "`gpg --verify $file - <$signature`" is run, and the
program is expected to signal a good signature by exiting with
code 0, and to generate an ASCII-armored detached signature, the
- standard input of "gpg -bsau $key" is fed with the contents to be
+ standard input of "`gpg -bsau $key`" is fed with the contents to be
signed, and the program is expected to send the result to its
standard output.
@@ -1494,7 +1533,7 @@ gui.diffContext::
made by the linkgit:git-gui[1]. The default is "5".
gui.displayUntracked::
- Determines if linkgit::git-gui[1] shows untracked files
+ Determines if linkgit:git-gui[1] shows untracked files
in the file list. The default is "true".
gui.encoding::
@@ -1655,12 +1694,19 @@ http.emptyAuth::
a username in the URL, as libcurl normally requires a username for
authentication.
+http.extraHeader::
+ Pass an additional HTTP header when communicating with a server. If
+ more than one such entry exists, all of them are added as extra
+ headers. To allow overriding the settings inherited from the system
+ config, an empty value will reset the extra headers to the empty list.
+
http.cookieFile::
- File containing previously stored cookie lines which should be used
+ The pathname of a file containing previously stored cookie lines,
+ which should be used
in the Git http session, if they match the server. The file format
of the file to read cookies from should be plain HTTP headers or
- the Netscape/Mozilla cookie file format (see linkgit:curl[1]).
- NOTE that the file specified with http.cookieFile is only used as
+ the Netscape/Mozilla cookie file format (see `curl(1)`).
+ NOTE that the file specified with http.cookieFile is used only as
input unless http.saveCookies is set.
http.saveCookies::
@@ -2156,8 +2202,11 @@ pack.packSizeLimit::
The maximum size of a pack. This setting only affects
packing to a file when repacking, i.e. the git:// protocol
is unaffected. It can be overridden by the `--max-pack-size`
- option of linkgit:git-repack[1]. The minimum size allowed is
- limited to 1 MiB. The default is unlimited.
+ option of linkgit:git-repack[1]. Reaching this limit results
+ in the creation of multiple packfiles; which in turn prevents
+ bitmaps from being created.
+ The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
+ The default is unlimited.
Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are
supported.
@@ -2557,8 +2606,9 @@ repack.writeBitmaps::
objects to disk (e.g., when `git repack -a` is run). This
index can speed up the "counting objects" phase of subsequent
packs created for clones and fetches, at the cost of some disk
- space and extra time spent on the initial repack. Defaults to
- false.
+ space and extra time spent on the initial repack. This has
+ no effect if multiple packfiles are created.
+ Defaults to false.
rerere.autoUpdate::
When set to true, `git-rerere` updates the index with the
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
index 4b0318e2ac..3cb301556e 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ For example, `--word-diff-regex=.` will treat each character as a word
and, correspondingly, show differences character by character.
+
The regex can also be set via a diff driver or configuration option, see
-linkgit:gitattributes[1] or linkgit:git-config[1]. Giving it explicitly
+linkgit:gitattributes[5] or linkgit:git-config[1]. Giving it explicitly
overrides any diff driver or configuration setting. Diff drivers
override configuration settings.
diff --git a/Documentation/everyday.txto b/Documentation/everyday.txto
index c5047d8f9b..ae555bd47e 100644
--- a/Documentation/everyday.txto
+++ b/Documentation/everyday.txto
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So
===================================
-This document has been moved to linkgit:giteveryday[1].
+This document has been moved to linkgit:giteveryday[7].
Please let the owners of the referring site know so that they can update the
link you clicked to get here.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
index e94367a5ed..611754f10b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ EXIT STATUS
SEE ALSO
--------
linkgit:gitignore[5]
-linkgit:gitconfig[5]
+linkgit:git-config[1]
linkgit:git-ls-files[1]
GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
index 45d74be297..1b15cd7b16 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
[-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
[--dissociate] [--separate-git-dir <git dir>]
[--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch]
- [--recursive | --recurse-submodules] [--jobs <n>] [--] <repository>
- [<directory>]
+ [--recursive | --recurse-submodules] [--[no-]shallow-submodules]
+ [--jobs <n>] [--] <repository> [<directory>]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
@@ -191,7 +191,9 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
specified number of commits. Implies `--single-branch` unless
`--no-single-branch` is given to fetch the histories near the
- tips of all branches.
+ tips of all branches. This implies `--shallow-submodules`. If
+ you want to have a shallow superproject clone, but full submodules,
+ also pass `--no-shallow-submodules`.
--[no-]single-branch::
Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch,
@@ -212,6 +214,9 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of
`--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given)
+--[no-]shallow-submodules::
+ All submodules which are cloned will be shallow with a depth of 1.
+
--separate-git-dir=<git dir>::
Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed
to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory,
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
index 48c33d7ed7..cb69faab68 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ OPTIONS
stuck to the option without a space.
--no-gpg-sign::
- Countermand `commit.gpgSign` configuration variable that is
- set to force each and every commit to be signed.
+ Do not GPG-sign commit, to countermand a `--gpg-sign` option
+ given earlier on the command line.
Commit Information
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
index 9ec6b3cc17..d474226eb7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
@@ -290,7 +290,8 @@ configuration variable documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
what changes the commit has.
Note that this diff output doesn't have its
lines prefixed with '#'. This diff will not be a part
- of the commit message.
+ of the commit message. See the `commit.verbose` configuration
+ variable in linkgit:git-config[1].
+
If specified twice, show in addition the unified diff between
what would be committed and the worktree files, i.e. the unstaged
diff --git a/Documentation/git-config.txt b/Documentation/git-config.txt
index 6fc08e3d89..6843114fc0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-config.txt
@@ -58,10 +58,10 @@ that location (you can say '--local' but that is the default).
This command will fail with non-zero status upon error. Some exit
codes are:
-- The config file is invalid (ret=3),
-- can not write to the config file (ret=4),
+- The section or key is invalid (ret=1),
- no section or name was provided (ret=2),
-- the section or key is invalid (ret=1),
+- the config file is invalid (ret=3),
+- the config file cannot be written (ret=4),
- you try to unset an option which does not exist (ret=5),
- you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match (ret=5), or
- you try to use an invalid regexp (ret=6).
diff --git a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
index 73fd9e8230..003731f6a9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ to other tags will be rewritten to point to the underlying commit.
Remap to ancestor
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-By using linkgit:rev-list[1] arguments, e.g., path limiters, you can limit the
+By using linkgit:git-rev-list[1] arguments, e.g., path limiters, you can limit the
set of revisions which get rewritten. However, positive refs on the command
line are distinguished: we don't let them be excluded by such limiters. For
this purpose, they are instead rewritten to point at the nearest ancestor that
diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
index c52578bb87..d9d406dcfb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ returns an empty string instead.
As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for
the date by adding `:` followed by date format name (see the
-values the `--date` option to linkgit::git-rev-list[1] takes).
+values the `--date` option to linkgit:git-rev-list[1] takes).
EXAMPLES
diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
index 6821441d7d..bdeecd59e0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
@@ -265,6 +265,11 @@ you can use `--suffix=-patch` to get `0001-description-of-my-change-patch`.
Output an all-zero hash in each patch's From header instead
of the hash of the commit.
+--base=<commit>::
+ Record the base tree information to identify the state the
+ patch series applies to. See the BASE TREE INFORMATION section
+ below for details.
+
--root::
Treat the revision argument as a <revision range>, even if it
is just a single commit (that would normally be treated as a
@@ -520,6 +525,61 @@ This should help you to submit patches inline using KMail.
5. Back in the compose window: add whatever other text you wish to the
message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send.
+BASE TREE INFORMATION
+---------------------
+
+The base tree information block is used for maintainers or third party
+testers to know the exact state the patch series applies to. It consists
+of the 'base commit', which is a well-known commit that is part of the
+stable part of the project history everybody else works off of, and zero
+or more 'prerequisite patches', which are well-known patches in flight
+that is not yet part of the 'base commit' that need to be applied on top
+of 'base commit' in topological order before the patches can be applied.
+
+The 'base commit' is shown as "base-commit: " followed by the 40-hex of
+the commit object name. A 'prerequisite patch' is shown as
+"prerequisite-patch-id: " followed by the 40-hex 'patch id', which can
+be obtained by passing the patch through the `git patch-id --stable`
+command.
+
+Imagine that on top of the public commit P, you applied well-known
+patches X, Y and Z from somebody else, and then built your three-patch
+series A, B, C, the history would be like:
+
+................................................
+---P---X---Y---Z---A---B---C
+................................................
+
+With `git format-patch --base=P -3 C` (or variants thereof, e.g. with
+`--cover-letter` of using `Z..C` instead of `-3 C` to specify the
+range), the base tree information block is shown at the end of the
+first message the command outputs (either the first patch, or the
+cover letter), like this:
+
+------------
+base-commit: P
+prerequisite-patch-id: X
+prerequisite-patch-id: Y
+prerequisite-patch-id: Z
+------------
+
+For non-linear topology, such as
+
+................................................
+---P---X---A---M---C
+ \ /
+ Y---Z---B
+................................................
+
+You can also use `git format-patch --base=P -3 C` to generate patches
+for A, B and C, and the identifiers for P, X, Y, Z are appended at the
+end of the first message.
+
+If set `--base=auto` in cmdline, it will track base commit automatically,
+the base commit will be the merge base of tip commit of the remote-tracking
+branch and revision-range specified in cmdline.
+For a local branch, you need to track a remote branch by `git branch
+--set-upstream-to` before using this option.
EXAMPLES
--------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init.txt b/Documentation/git-init.txt
index 8174d27efd..6364e5dc45 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init.txt
@@ -130,7 +130,12 @@ The template directory will be one of the following (in order):
- the default template directory: `/usr/share/git-core/templates`.
The default template directory includes some directory structure, suggested
-"exclude patterns" (see linkgit:gitignore[5]), and sample hook files (see linkgit:githooks[5]).
+"exclude patterns" (see linkgit:gitignore[5]), and sample hook files.
+
+The sample hooks are all disabled by default, To enable one of the
+sample hooks rename it by removing its `.sample` suffix.
+
+See linkgit:githooks[5] for more general info on hook execution.
EXAMPLES
--------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
index 0947084140..3bbc731f67 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ with comments and suggestions on the message you are responding to, and to
conclude it with a patch submission, separating the discussion and the
beginning of the proposed commit log message with a scissors line.
+
-This can enabled by default with the configuration option mailinfo.scissors.
+This can be enabled by default with the configuration option mailinfo.scissors.
--no-scissors::
Ignore scissors lines. Useful for overriding mailinfo.scissors settings.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
index 689aa4c57c..b758d5556c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
[verse]
'git merge' [-n] [--stat] [--no-commit] [--squash] [--[no-]edit]
[-s <strategy>] [-X <strategy-option>] [-S[<keyid>]]
+ [--[no-]allow-unrelated-histories]
[--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [<commit>...]
'git merge' <msg> HEAD <commit>...
'git merge' --abort
@@ -98,19 +99,6 @@ commit or stash your changes before running 'git merge'.
'git merge --abort' is equivalent to 'git reset --merge' when
`MERGE_HEAD` is present.
---allow-unrelated-histories::
- By default, `git merge` command refuses to merge histories
- that do not share a common ancestor. This option can be
- used to override this safety when merging histories of two
- projects that started their lives independently. As that is
- a very rare occasion, no configuration variable to enable
- this by default exists and will not be added, and the list
- of options at the top of this documentation does not mention
- this option. Also `git pull` does not pass this option down
- to `git merge` (instead, you `git fetch` first, examine what
- you will be merging and then `git merge` locally with this
- option).
-
<commit>...::
Commits, usually other branch heads, to merge into our branch.
Specifying more than one commit will create a merge with
diff --git a/Documentation/git-notes.txt b/Documentation/git-notes.txt
index 8de349968a..9c4fd6812c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-notes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-notes.txt
@@ -402,4 +402,4 @@ on the `notes.rewrite.<command>` and `notes.rewriteRef` settings.
GIT
---
-Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
index bbea5294ca..19cdcd0341 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
@@ -110,7 +110,8 @@ base-name::
--max-pack-size=<n>::
Maximum size of each output pack file. The size can be suffixed with
"k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
- If specified, multiple packfiles may be created.
+ If specified, multiple packfiles may be created, which also
+ prevents the creation of a bitmap index.
The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
`pack.packSizeLimit` is set.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-repack.txt b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
index af230d0647..b9c02ce481 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-repack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
@@ -106,7 +106,8 @@ other objects in that pack they already have locally.
--max-pack-size=<n>::
Maximum size of each output pack file. The size can be suffixed with
"k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
- If specified, multiple packfiles may be created.
+ If specified, multiple packfiles may be created, which also
+ prevents the creation of a bitmap index.
The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
`pack.packSizeLimit` is set.
@@ -115,7 +116,8 @@ other objects in that pack they already have locally.
Write a reachability bitmap index as part of the repack. This
only makes sense when used with `-a` or `-A`, as the bitmaps
must be able to refer to all reachable objects. This option
- overrides the setting of `pack.writeBitmaps`.
+ overrides the setting of `repack.writeBitmaps`. This option
+ has no effect if multiple packfiles are created.
--pack-kept-objects::
Include objects in `.keep` files when repacking. Note that we
@@ -123,7 +125,7 @@ other objects in that pack they already have locally.
This means that we may duplicate objects, but this makes the
option safe to use when there are concurrent pushes or fetches.
This option is generally only useful if you are writing bitmaps
- with `-b` or `pack.writeBitmaps`, as it ensures that the
+ with `-b` or `repack.writeBitmaps`, as it ensures that the
bitmapped packfile has the necessary objects.
Configuration
diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
index 13adebf7b7..9226c4380c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
[--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] [--] <path>...
+'git submodule' [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] (--all|[--] <path>...)
'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch]
[-f|--force] [--rebase|--merge] [--reference <repository>]
[--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--jobs <n>] [--] [<path>...]
@@ -140,12 +140,15 @@ deinit::
tree. Further calls to `git submodule update`, `git submodule foreach`
and `git submodule sync` will skip any unregistered submodules until
they are initialized again, so use this command if you don't want to
- have a local checkout of the submodule in your work tree anymore. If
+ have a local checkout of the submodule in your working tree anymore. If
you really want to remove a submodule from the repository and commit
that use linkgit:git-rm[1] instead.
+
-If `--force` is specified, the submodule's work tree will be removed even if
-it contains local modifications.
+When the command is run without pathspec, it errors out,
+instead of deinit-ing everything, to prevent mistakes.
++
+If `--force` is specified, the submodule's working tree will
+be removed even if it contains local modifications.
update::
+
@@ -247,6 +250,10 @@ OPTIONS
--quiet::
Only print error messages.
+--all::
+ This option is only valid for the deinit command. Unregister all
+ submodules in the working tree.
+
-b::
--branch::
Branch of repository to add as submodule.
@@ -257,8 +264,8 @@ OPTIONS
--force::
This option is only valid for add, deinit and update commands.
When running add, allow adding an otherwise ignored submodule path.
- When running deinit the submodule work trees will be removed even if
- they contain local changes.
+ When running deinit the submodule working trees will be removed even
+ if they contain local changes.
When running update (only effective with the checkout procedure),
throw away local changes in submodules when switching to a
different commit; and always run a checkout operation in the
diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index 8afe349781..dd6dbf7dd9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -43,10 +43,12 @@ unreleased) version of Git, that is available from the 'master'
branch of the `git.git` repository.
Documentation for older releases are available here:
-* link:v2.8.1/git.html[documentation for release 2.8.1]
+* link:v2.8.3/git.html[documentation for release 2.8.3]
* release notes for
- link:RelNotes/2.8.1.txt[2.8.1].
+ link:RelNotes/2.8.3.txt[2.8.3],
+ link:RelNotes/2.8.2.txt[2.8.2],
+ link:RelNotes/2.8.1.txt[2.8.1],
link:RelNotes/2.8.0.txt[2.8].
* link:v2.7.3/git.html[documentation for release 2.7.3]
diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt
index a2f59b194c..d82e912e55 100644
--- a/Documentation/githooks.txt
+++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt
@@ -7,24 +7,35 @@ githooks - Hooks used by Git
SYNOPSIS
--------
-$GIT_DIR/hooks/*
+$GIT_DIR/hooks/* (or \`git config core.hooksPath`/*)
DESCRIPTION
-----------
-Hooks are little scripts you can place in `$GIT_DIR/hooks`
-directory to trigger action at certain points. When
-'git init' is run, a handful of example hooks are copied into the
-`hooks` directory of the new repository, but by default they are
-all disabled. To enable a hook, rename it by removing its `.sample`
-suffix.
+Hooks are programs you can place in a hooks directory to trigger
+actions at certain points in git's execution. Hooks that don't have
+the executable bit set are ignored.
-NOTE: It is also a requirement for a given hook to be executable.
-However - in a freshly initialized repository - the `.sample` files are
-executable by default.
+By default the hooks directory is `$GIT_DIR/hooks`, but that can be
+changed via the `core.hooksPath` configuration variable (see
+linkgit:git-config[1]).
-This document describes the currently defined hooks.
+Before Git invokes a hook, it changes its working directory to either
+the root of the working tree in a non-bare repository, or to the
+$GIT_DIR in a bare repository.
+
+Hooks can get their arguments via the environment, command-line
+arguments, and stdin. See the documentation for each hook below for
+details.
+
+'git init' may copy hooks to the new repository, depending on its
+configuration. See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section in
+linkgit:git-init[1] for details. When the rest of this document refers
+to "default hooks" it's talking about the default template shipped
+with Git.
+
+The currently supported hooks are described below.
HOOKS
-----
@@ -32,15 +43,15 @@ HOOKS
applypatch-msg
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-This hook is invoked by 'git am' script. It takes a single
+This hook is invoked by 'git am'. It takes a single
parameter, the name of the file that holds the proposed commit
-log message. Exiting with non-zero status causes
-'git am' to abort before applying the patch.
+log message. Exiting with a non-zero status causes 'git am' to abort
+before applying the patch.
The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can
be used to normalize the message into some project standard
-format (if the project has one). It can also be used to refuse
-the commit after inspecting the message file.
+format. It can also be used to refuse the commit after inspecting
+the message file.
The default 'applypatch-msg' hook, when enabled, runs the
'commit-msg' hook, if the latter is enabled.
@@ -73,10 +84,10 @@ pre-commit
~~~~~~~~~~
This hook is invoked by 'git commit', and can be bypassed
-with `--no-verify` option. It takes no parameter, and is
+with the `--no-verify` option. It takes no parameters, and is
invoked before obtaining the proposed commit log message and
-making a commit. Exiting with non-zero status from this script
-causes the 'git commit' to abort.
+making a commit. Exiting with a non-zero status from this script
+causes the 'git commit' command to abort before creating a commit.
The default 'pre-commit' hook, when enabled, catches introduction
of lines with trailing whitespaces and aborts the commit when
@@ -115,15 +126,15 @@ commit-msg
~~~~~~~~~~
This hook is invoked by 'git commit', and can be bypassed
-with `--no-verify` option. It takes a single parameter, the
+with the `--no-verify` option. It takes a single parameter, the
name of the file that holds the proposed commit log message.
-Exiting with non-zero status causes the 'git commit' to
+Exiting with a non-zero status causes the 'git commit' to
abort.
-The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can
-be used to normalize the message into some project standard
-format (if the project has one). It can also be used to refuse
-the commit after inspecting the message file.
+The hook is allowed to edit the message file in place, and can be used
+to normalize the message into some project standard format. It
+can also be used to refuse the commit after inspecting the message
+file.
The default 'commit-msg' hook, when enabled, detects duplicate
"Signed-off-by" lines, and aborts the commit if one is found.
@@ -131,8 +142,8 @@ The default 'commit-msg' hook, when enabled, detects duplicate
post-commit
~~~~~~~~~~~
-This hook is invoked by 'git commit'. It takes no
-parameter, and is invoked after a commit is made.
+This hook is invoked by 'git commit'. It takes no parameters, and is
+invoked after a commit is made.
This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect
the outcome of 'git commit'.
@@ -267,9 +278,11 @@ does not know the entire set of branches, so it would end up
firing one e-mail per ref when used naively, though. The
<<post-receive,'post-receive'>> hook is more suited to that.
-Another use suggested on the mailing list is to use this hook to
-implement access control which is finer grained than the one
-based on filesystem group.
+In an environment that restricts the users' access only to git
+commands over the wire, this hook can be used to implement access
+control without relying on filesystem ownership and group
+membership. See linkgit:git-shell[1] for how you might use the login
+shell to restrict the user's access to only git commands.
Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to
'git send-pack' on the other end, so you can simply `echo` messages
diff --git a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
index cafc284359..8ad29e61a9 100644
--- a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
+++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ current branch integrates with) obviously do not work, as there is no
A fast-forward is a special type of <<def_merge,merge>> where you have a
<<def_revision,revision>> and you are "merging" another
<<def_branch,branch>>'s changes that happen to be a descendant of what
- you have. In such these cases, you do not make a new <<def_merge,merge>>
+ you have. In such a case, you do not make a new <<def_merge,merge>>
<<def_commit,commit>> but instead just update to his
revision. This will happen frequently on a
<<def_remote_tracking_branch,remote-tracking branch>> of a remote
diff --git a/Documentation/lint-gitlink.perl b/Documentation/lint-gitlink.perl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..476cc30b83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/lint-gitlink.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use File::Find;
+use Getopt::Long;
+
+my $basedir = ".";
+GetOptions("basedir=s" => \$basedir)
+ or die("Cannot parse command line arguments\n");
+
+my $found_errors = 0;
+
+sub report {
+ my ($where, $what, $error) = @_;
+ print "$where: $error: $what\n";
+ $found_errors = 1;
+}
+
+sub grab_section {
+ my ($page) = @_;
+ open my $fh, "<", "$basedir/$page.txt";
+ my $firstline = <$fh>;
+ chomp $firstline;
+ close $fh;
+ my ($section) = ($firstline =~ /.*\((\d)\)$/);
+ return $section;
+}
+
+sub lint {
+ my ($file) = @_;
+ open my $fh, "<", $file
+ or return;
+ while (<$fh>) {
+ my $where = "$file:$.";
+ while (s/linkgit:((.*?)\[(\d)\])//) {
+ my ($target, $page, $section) = ($1, $2, $3);
+
+ # De-AsciiDoc
+ $page =~ s/{litdd}/--/g;
+
+ if ($page !~ /^git/) {
+ report($where, $target, "nongit link");
+ next;
+ }
+ if (! -f "$basedir/$page.txt") {
+ report($where, $target, "no such source");
+ next;
+ }
+ $real_section = grab_section($page);
+ if ($real_section != $section) {
+ report($where, $target,
+ "wrong section (should be $real_section)");
+ next;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ close $fh;
+}
+
+sub lint_it {
+ lint($File::Find::name) if -f && /\.txt$/;
+}
+
+if (!@ARGV) {
+ find({ wanted => \&lint_it, no_chdir => 1 }, $basedir);
+} else {
+ for (@ARGV) {
+ lint($_);
+ }
+}
+
+exit $found_errors;
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-options.txt b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
index f08e9b80c5..5b4a62e936 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
@@ -89,8 +89,11 @@ option can be used to override --squash.
--verify-signatures::
--no-verify-signatures::
- Verify that the commits being merged have good and trusted GPG signatures
- and abort the merge in case they do not.
+ Verify that the tip commit of the side branch being merged is
+ signed with a valid key, i.e. a key that has a valid uid: in the
+ default trust model, this means the signing key has been signed by
+ a trusted key. If the tip commit of the side branch is not signed
+ with a valid key, the merge is aborted.
--summary::
--no-summary::
@@ -114,3 +117,11 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
reporting.
endif::git-pull[]
+
+--allow-unrelated-histories::
+ By default, `git merge` command refuses to merge histories
+ that do not share a common ancestor. This option can be
+ used to override this safety when merging histories of two
+ projects that started their lives independently. As that is
+ a very rare occasion, no configuration variable to enable
+ this by default exists and will not be added.
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
index 671cebd95c..29b19b992f 100644
--- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
@@ -143,8 +143,8 @@ ifndef::git-rev-list[]
- '%N': commit notes
endif::git-rev-list[]
- '%GG': raw verification message from GPG for a signed commit
-- '%G?': show "G" for a Good signature, "B" for a Bad signature, "U" for a good,
- untrusted signature and "N" for no signature
+- '%G?': show "G" for a good (valid) signature, "B" for a bad signature,
+ "U" for a good signature with unknown validity and "N" for no signature
- '%GS': show the name of the signer for a signed commit
- '%GK': show the key used to sign a signed commit
- '%gD': reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@{1}`
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt
index e44426dd04..75368f26ca 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ appended to its command line, which is one of:
The details of the credential will be provided on the helper's stdin
stream. The exact format is the same as the input/output format of the
`git credential` plumbing command (see the section `INPUT/OUTPUT
-FORMAT` in linkgit:git-credential[7] for a detailed specification).
+FORMAT` in linkgit:git-credential[1] for a detailed specification).
For a `get` operation, the helper should produce a list of attributes
on stdout in the same format. A helper is free to produce a subset, or
@@ -268,4 +268,4 @@ See also
linkgit:gitcredentials[7]
-linkgit:git-config[5] (See configuration variables `credential.*`)
+linkgit:git-config[1] (See configuration variables `credential.*`)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
index 695bd4bf43..27bd701c0d 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
@@ -144,8 +144,12 @@ There are some macros to easily define options:
`OPT_COUNTUP(short, long, &int_var, description)`::
Introduce a count-up option.
- `int_var` is incremented on each use of `--option`, and
- reset to zero with `--no-option`.
+ Each use of `--option` increments `int_var`, starting from zero
+ (even if initially negative), and `--no-option` resets it to
+ zero. To determine if `--option` or `--no-option` was encountered at
+ all, initialize `int_var` to a negative value, and if it is still
+ negative after parse_options(), then neither `--option` nor
+ `--no-option` was seen.
`OPT_BIT(short, long, &int_var, description, mask)`::
Introduce a boolean option.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
index c6977bbc5a..8b36343802 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ Push Certificate
A push certificate begins with a set of header lines. After the
header and an empty line, the protocol commands follow, one per
-line. Note that the the trailing LF in push-cert PKT-LINEs is _not_
+line. Note that the trailing LF in push-cert PKT-LINEs is _not_
optional; it must be present.
Currently, the following header fields are defined: