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-rw-r--r--Documentation/CodingGuidelines14
-rw-r--r--Documentation/Makefile3
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.4.txt42
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt148
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.1.txt117
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.2.txt13
-rw-r--r--Documentation/config.txt127
-rw-r--r--Documentation/date-formats.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/diff-config.txt9
-rw-r--r--Documentation/diff-format.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/diff-options.txt7
-rw-r--r--Documentation/fetch-options.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-am.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-bisect.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-branch.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-cat-file.txt12
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-checkout.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-clean.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-clone.txt5
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-commit.txt10
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-config.txt30
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-credential-store.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt12
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt12
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-daemon.txt10
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-describe.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-diff-index.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt20
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-difftool.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-fast-import.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-format-patch.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-fsck.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-gc.txt16
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-grep.txt12
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-gui.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-help.txt32
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-http-backend.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-http-push.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-init.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-instaweb.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-log.txt12
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-ls-files.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-mktree.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-mv.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-notes.txt22
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-p4.txt26
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-push.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-rebase.txt10
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-remote.txt10
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-repack.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-replace.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-revert.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-send-email.txt93
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-send-pack.txt10
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-shell.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-show-branch.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-show-ref.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-svn.txt42
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-tag.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-update-index.txt14
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-verify-commit.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-web--browse.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git.txt148
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitignore.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitk.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitmodules.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt16
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitweb.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/howto/new-command.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/merge-config.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/pretty-options.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/rev-list-options.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/revisions.txt26
-rw-r--r--Documentation/technical/signature-format.txt186
88 files changed, 958 insertions, 516 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
index 0ddd36879a..4cd95da6b1 100644
--- a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
+++ b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
@@ -526,12 +526,20 @@ Writing Documentation:
modifying paragraphs or option/command explanations that contain options
or commands:
- Literal examples (e.g. use of command-line options, command names, and
- configuration variables) are typeset in monospace, and if you can use
- `backticks around word phrases`, do so.
+ Literal examples (e.g. use of command-line options, command names,
+ branch names, configuration and environment variables) must be
+ typeset in monospace (i.e. wrapped with backticks):
`--pretty=oneline`
`git rev-list`
`remote.pushDefault`
+ `GIT_DIR`
+ `HEAD`
+
+ An environment variable must be prefixed with "$" only when referring to its
+ value and not when referring to the variable itself, in this case there is
+ nothing to add except the backticks:
+ `GIT_DIR` is specified
+ `$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-receive`
Word phrases enclosed in `backtick characters` are rendered literally
and will not be further expanded. The use of `backticks` to achieve the
diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile
index f6e288bc63..b43d66eae6 100644
--- a/Documentation/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/Makefile
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-common
TECH_DOCS += technical/racy-git
TECH_DOCS += technical/send-pack-pipeline
TECH_DOCS += technical/shallow
+TECH_DOCS += technical/signature-format
TECH_DOCS += technical/trivial-merge
SP_ARTICLES += $(TECH_DOCS)
SP_ARTICLES += technical/api-index
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ else
ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff
endif
endif
-ifdef MAN_BOLD_LITERAL
+ifndef NO_MAN_BOLD_LITERAL
XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-bold-literal.xsl
endif
ifdef DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.4.txt
index 6005548fd6..f4e2552836 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.4.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.4.txt
@@ -24,4 +24,46 @@ Fixes since v2.8.3
* Many 'linkgit:<git documentation page>' references were broken,
which are all fixed with this.
+ * "git describe --contains" often made a hard-to-justify choice of
+ tag to give name to a given commit, because it tried to come up
+ with a name with smallest number of hops from a tag, causing an old
+ commit whose close descendant that is recently tagged were not
+ described with respect to an old tag but with a newer tag. It did
+ not help that its computation of "hop" count was further tweaked to
+ penalize being on a side branch of a merge. The logic has been
+ updated to favor using the tag with the oldest tagger date, which
+ is a lot easier to explain to the end users: "We describe a commit
+ in terms of the (chronologically) oldest tag that contains the
+ commit."
+
+ * Running tests with '-x' option to trace the individual command
+ executions is a useful way to debug test scripts, but some tests
+ that capture the standard error stream and check what the command
+ said can be broken with the trace output mixed in. When running
+ our tests under "bash", however, we can redirect the trace output
+ to another file descriptor to keep the standard error of programs
+ being tested intact.
+
+ * "http.cookieFile" configuration variable clearly wants a pathname,
+ but we forgot to treat it as such by e.g. applying tilde expansion.
+
+ * When de-initialising all submodules, "git submodule deinit" gave a
+ faulty recommendation to use "git submodule deinit .", which would
+ result in a strange error message in a pathological corner case.
+ This has been corrected to suggest "submodule deinit --all" instead.
+
+ * Many commands normalize command line arguments from NFD to NFC
+ variant of UTF-8 on OSX, but commands in the "diff" family did
+ not, causing "git diff $path" to complain that no such path is
+ known to Git. They have been taught to do the normalization.
+
+ * A couple of bugs around core.autocrlf have been fixed.
+
+ * "git difftool" learned to handle unmerged paths correctly in
+ dir-diff mode.
+
+ * The "are we talking with TTY, doing an interactive session?"
+ detection has been updated to work better for "Git for Windows".
+
+
Also contains other minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt
index a60e92e0dd..b61d36712f 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.0.txt
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
Git 2.9 Release Notes
=====================
-Backward compatibility note
----------------------------
+Backward compatibility notes
+----------------------------
The end-user facing Porcelain level commands in the "git diff" and
-"git log" by default enables the rename detection; you can still use
-"diff.renames" configuration variable to disable this.
+"git log" family by default enable the rename detection; you can still
+use "diff.renames" configuration variable to disable this.
Merging two branches that have no common ancestor with "git merge" is
by default forbidden now to prevent creating such an unusual merge by
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ UI, Workflows & Features
* Comes with git-multimail 1.3.1 (in contrib/).
- * The end-user facing Porcelain level commands like "diff" and "log"
- now enables the rename detection by default.
+ * The end-user facing commands like "git diff" and "git log"
+ now enable the rename detection by default.
* The credential.helper configuration variable is cumulative and
there is no good way to override it from the command line. As
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ UI, Workflows & Features
as the signal to clear the values specified in various files.
* A new "interactive.diffFilter" configuration can be used to
- customize the diff shown in "git add -i" session.
+ customize the diff shown in "git add -i" sessions.
* "git p4" now allows P4 author names to be mapped to Git author
names.
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ UI, Workflows & Features
to be used in a rare event that merges histories of two projects
that started their lives independently.
- * "git pull" has been taught to pass --allow-unrelated-histories
+ * "git pull" has been taught to pass the "--allow-unrelated-histories"
option to underlying "git merge".
* "git apply -v" learned to report paths in the patch that were
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ UI, Workflows & Features
* When "git log" shows the log message indented by 4-spaces, the
remainder of a line after a HT does not align in the way the author
- originally intended. The command now expands tabs by default in
+ originally intended. The command now expands tabs by default to help
such a case, and allows the users to override it with a new option,
"--no-expand-tabs".
@@ -97,13 +97,12 @@ UI, Workflows & Features
* "git rerere" can encounter two or more files with the same conflict
signature that have to be resolved in different ways, but there was
no way to record these separate resolutions.
- (merge d9d501b068 jc/rerere-multi later to maint).
* "git p4" learned to record P4 jobs in Git commit that imports from
the history in Perforce.
* "git describe --contains" often made a hard-to-justify choice of
- tag to give name to a given commit, because it tried to come up
+ tag to name a given commit, because it tried to come up
with a name with smallest number of hops from a tag, causing an old
commit whose close descendant that is recently tagged were not
described with respect to an old tag but with a newer tag. It did
@@ -113,16 +112,17 @@ UI, Workflows & Features
is a lot easier to explain to the end users: "We describe a commit
in terms of the (chronologically) oldest tag that contains the
commit."
- (merge 7550424 js/name-rev-use-oldest-ref later to maint).
- * "git clone" learned "--shallow-submodules" option.
+ * "git clone" learned the "--shallow-submodules" option.
* HTTP transport clients learned to throw extra HTTP headers at the
server, specified via http.extraHeader configuration variable.
- * Patch output from "git diff" and friends has been tweaked to be
- more readable by using a blank line as a strong hint that the
- contents before and after it belong to a logically separate unit.
+ * The "--compaction-heuristic" option to "git diff" family of
+ commands enables a heuristic to make the patch output more readable
+ by using a blank line as a strong hint that the contents before and
+ after it belong to logically separate units. It is still
+ experimental.
* A new configuration variable core.hooksPath allows customizing
where the hook directory is.
@@ -147,9 +147,20 @@ UI, Workflows & Features
(public, well-known) commit the original series was built on in
its output.
- * "git commit" learned to pay attention to "commit.verbose"
- configuration variable and act as if "--verbose" option was
- given from the command line.
+ * "git commit" learned to pay attention to the "commit.verbose"
+ configuration variable and act as if the "--verbose" option
+ was given from the command line.
+
+ * Updated documentation gives hints to GMail users with two-factor
+ auth enabled that they need app-specific-password when using
+ "git send-email".
+
+ * The manpage output of our documentation did not render well in
+ terminal; typeset literals in bold by default to make them stand
+ out more.
+
+ * The mark-up in the top-level README.md file has been updated to
+ typeset CLI command names differently from the body text.
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
@@ -171,7 +182,8 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* A major part of "git submodule update" has been ported to C to take
advantage of the recently added framework to run download tasks in
- parallel.
+ parallel. Other updates to "git submodule" that move pieces of
+ logic to C continues.
* Rename bunch of tests on "git clone" for better organization.
@@ -185,16 +197,15 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
do not attempt to look into refs/* when we know we do not have a
Git repository.
- * Code restructuring around the "refs" area to prepare for pluggable
+ * Code restructuring around the "refs" API to prepare for pluggable
refs backends.
- * Sources to many test helper binaries (and the generated helpers)
+ * Sources to many test helper binaries and the generated helpers
have been moved to t/helper/ subdirectory to reduce clutter at the
top level of the tree.
* Unify internal logic between "git tag -v" and "git verify-tag"
commands by making one directly call into the other.
- (merge bef234b st/verify-tag later to maint).
* "merge-recursive" strategy incorrectly checked if a path that is
involved in its internal merge exists in the working tree.
@@ -206,9 +217,7 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* As nobody maintains our in-tree git.spec.in and distros use their
own spec file, we stopped pretending that we support "make rpm".
- * Move from unsigned char[20] to struct object_id continues.
-
- * Update of "git submodule" to move pieces of logic to C continues.
+ * Move from "unsigned char[20]" to "struct object_id" continues.
* The code for warning_errno/die_errno has been refactored and a new
error_errno() reporting helper is introduced.
@@ -221,24 +230,40 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
our tests under "bash", however, we can redirect the trace output
to another file descriptor to keep the standard error of programs
being tested intact.
- (merge d88785e jk/test-send-sh-x-trace-elsewhere later to maint).
* t0040 had too many unnecessary repetitions in its test data. Teach
test-parse-options program so that a caller can tell what it
expects in its output, so that these repetitions can be cleaned up.
- * Add perf test for "rebase -i"
+ * Add perf test for "rebase -i".
* Common mistakes when writing gitlink: in our documentation are
found by "make check-docs".
* t9xxx series has been updated primarily for readability, while
- fixing small bugs in it. A few scripted Porcelains have also been
- updated to fix possible bugs around their use of "test -z" and
- "test -n".
+ fixing small bugs in it. A few scripted Porcelain commands have
+ also been updated to fix possible bugs around their use of
+ "test -z" and "test -n".
* CI test was taught to run git-svn tests.
+ * "git cat-file --batch-all" has been sped up, by taking advantage
+ of the fact that it does not have to read a list of objects, in two
+ ways.
+
+ * test updates to make it more readable and maintainable.
+ (merge e6273f4 es/t1500-modernize later to maint).
+
+ * "make DEVELOPER=1" worked as expected; setting DEVELOPER=1 in
+ config.mak didn't.
+ (merge 51dd3e8 mm/makefile-developer-can-be-in-config-mak later to maint).
+
+ * The way how "submodule--helper list" signals unmatch error to its
+ callers has been updated.
+
+ * A bash-ism "local" has been removed from "git submodule" scripted
+ Porcelain.
+
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
@@ -326,11 +351,11 @@ notes for details).
* Support for CRAM-MD5 authentication method in "git imap-send" did
not work well.
- * Upcoming OpenSSL 1.1.0 will break compilation b updating a few APIs
- we use in imap-send, which has been adjusted for the change.
+ * Upcoming OpenSSL 1.1.0 will break compilation by updating a few API
+ elements we use in imap-send, which has been adjusted for the change.
* The socks5:// proxy support added back in 2.6.4 days was not aware
- that socks5h:// proxies behave differently.
+ that socks5h:// proxies behave differently from socks5:// proxies.
* "git config" had a codepath that tried to pass a NULL to
printf("%s"), which nobody seems to have noticed.
@@ -351,12 +376,12 @@ notes for details).
* When "git merge" notices that the merge can be resolved purely at
the tree level (without having to merge blobs) and the resulting
tree happens to already exist in the object store, it forgot to
- update the index, which lead to an inconsistent state for later
- operations.
+ update the index, which left an inconsistent state that would
+ break later operations.
* "git submodule" reports the paths of submodules the command
- recurses into, but this was incorrect when the command was not run
- from the root level of the superproject.
+ recurses into, but these paths were incorrectly reported when
+ the command was not run from the root level of the superproject.
* The "user.useConfigOnly" configuration variable makes it an error
if users do not explicitly set user.name and user.email. However,
@@ -388,7 +413,6 @@ notes for details).
* "git rebase -m" could be asked to rebase an entire branch starting
from the root, but failed by assuming that there always is a parent
commit to the first commit on the branch.
- (merge 79f4344 bw/rebase-merge-entire-branch later to maint).
* Fix a broken "p4 lfs" test.
@@ -414,24 +438,19 @@ notes for details).
the configuration variable. This will stop requiring the users to
sign commit objects used internally as an implementation detail of
"git stash".
- (merge 6694856 jc/commit-tree-ignore-commit-gpgsign later to maint).
* "http.cookieFile" configuration variable clearly wants a pathname,
but we forgot to treat it as such by e.g. applying tilde expansion.
- (merge e5a39ad bn/http-cookiefile-config later to maint).
* Consolidate description of tilde-expansion that is done to
configuration variables that take pathname to a single place.
- (merge dca83ab jc/config-pathname-type later to maint).
* Correct faulty recommendation to use "git submodule deinit ." when
de-initialising all submodules, which would result in a strange
error message in a pathological corner case.
- (merge f6a5279 sb/submodule-deinit-all later to maint).
* Many 'linkgit:<git documentation page>' references were broken,
which are all fixed with this.
- (merge 1cca17d jc/linkgit-fix later to maint).
* "git rerere" can get confused by conflict markers deliberately left
by the inner merge step, because they are indistinguishable from
@@ -441,48 +460,53 @@ notes for details).
(merge 0f9fd5c jc/ll-merge-internal later to maint).
* CI test was taught to build documentation pages.
- (merge b98712b ls/travis-build-doc later to maint).
* "git fsck" learned to catch NUL byte in a commit object as
potential error and warn.
- (merge 6d2d780 jc/fsck-nul-in-commit later to maint).
* Portability enhancement for "rebase -i" to help platforms whose
shell does not like "for i in <empty>" (which is not POSIX-kosher).
- (merge 8e98b35 jk/rebase-interative-eval-fix later to maint).
* On Windows, .git and optionally any files whose name starts with a
dot are now marked as hidden, with a core.hideDotFiles knob to
customize this behaviour.
- (merge ebf31e7 js/windows-dotgit later to maint).
* Documentation for "git merge --verify-signatures" has been updated
to clarify that the signature of only the commit at the tip is
verified. Also the phrasing used for signature and key validity is
adjusted to align with that used by OpenPGP.
- (merge 05a5869 kf/gpg-sig-verification-doc later to maint).
* A couple of bugs around core.autocrlf have been fixed.
- (merge caa47ad tb/core-eol-fix later to maint).
* Many commands normalize command line arguments from NFD to NFC
variant of UTF-8 on OSX, but commands in the "diff" family did
not, causing "git diff $path" to complain that no such path is
known to Git. They have been taught to do the normalization.
- (merge 90a78b8 ar/diff-args-osx-precompose later to maint).
* "git difftool" learned to handle unmerged paths correctly in
dir-diff mode.
- (merge 366f9ce da/difftool later to maint).
+
+ * The "are we talking with TTY, doing an interactive session?"
+ detection has been updated to work better for "Git for Windows".
+
+ * We forgot to add "git log --decorate=auto" to documentation when we
+ added the feature back in v2.1.0 timeframe.
+ (merge 462cbb4 rj/log-decorate-auto later to maint).
+
+ * "git fast-import --export-marks" would overwrite the existing marks
+ file even when it makes a dump from its custom die routine.
+ Prevent it from doing so when we have an import-marks file but
+ haven't finished reading it.
+ (merge f4beed6 fc/fast-import-broken-marks-file later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase -i", after it fails to auto-resolve the conflict, had
+ an unnecessary call to "git rerere" from its very early days, which
+ was spotted recently; the call has been removed.
+ (merge 7063693 js/rebase-i-dedup-call-to-rerere later to maint).
* Other minor clean-ups and documentation updates
- (merge 832c0e5 lp/typofixes later to maint).
- (merge f5ee54a sb/z-is-gnutar-ism later to maint).
- (merge 2e3926b va/i18n-misc-updates later to maint).
- (merge f212dcc bn/config-doc-tt-varnames later to maint).
- (merge f54bea4 nd/remote-plural-ours-plus-theirs later to maint).
- (merge 2bb0518 ak/t4151-ls-files-could-be-empty later to maint).
- (merge 4df4313 jc/test-seq later to maint).
- (merge a75a308 tb/t5601-sed-fix later to maint).
- (merge 6c1fbe1 va/i18n-remote-comment-to-align later to maint).
- (merge dee2303 va/mailinfo-doc-typofix later to maint).
+ (merge cd82b7a pa/cherry-pick-doc-typo later to maint).
+ (merge 2bb73ae rs/patch-id-use-skip-prefix later to maint).
+ (merge aa20cbc rs/apply-name-terminate later to maint).
+ (merge fe17fc0 jc/t2300-setup later to maint).
+ (merge e256eec jk/shell-portability later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..338394097e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+Git v2.9.1 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.9
+----------------
+
+ * When "git daemon" is run without --[init-]timeout specified, a
+ connection from a client that silently goes offline can hang around
+ for a long time, wasting resources. The socket-level KEEPALIVE has
+ been enabled to allow the OS to notice such failed connections.
+
+ * The commands in `git log` family take %C(auto) in a custom format
+ string. This unconditionally turned the color on, ignoring
+ --no-color or with --color=auto when the output is not connected to
+ a tty; this was corrected to make the format truly behave as
+ "auto".
+
+ * "git rev-list --count" whose walk-length is limited with "-n"
+ option did not work well with the counting optimized to look at the
+ bitmap index.
+
+ * "git show -W" (extend hunks to cover the entire function, delimited
+ by lines that match the "funcname" pattern) used to show the entire
+ file when a change added an entire function at the end of the file,
+ which has been fixed.
+
+ * The documentation set has been updated so that literal commands,
+ configuration variables and environment variables are consistently
+ typeset in fixed-width font and bold in manpages.
+
+ * "git svn propset" subcommand that was added in 2.3 days is
+ documented now.
+
+ * The documentation tries to consistently spell "GPG"; when
+ referring to the specific program name, "gpg" is used.
+
+ * "git reflog" stopped upon seeing an entry that denotes a branch
+ creation event (aka "unborn"), which made it appear as if the
+ reflog was truncated.
+
+ * The git-prompt scriptlet (in contrib/) was not friendly with those
+ who uses "set -u", which has been fixed.
+
+ * A codepath that used alloca(3) to place an unbounded amount of data
+ on the stack has been updated to avoid doing so.
+
+ * "git update-index --add --chmod=+x file" may be usable as an escape
+ hatch, but not a friendly thing to force for people who do need to
+ use it regularly. "git add --chmod=+x file" can be used instead.
+
+ * Build improvements for gnome-keyring (in contrib/)
+
+ * "git status" used to say "working directory" when it meant "working
+ tree".
+
+ * Comments about misbehaving FreeBSD shells have been clarified with
+ the version number (9.x and before are broken, newer ones are OK).
+
+ * "git cherry-pick A" worked on an unborn branch, but "git
+ cherry-pick A..B" didn't.
+
+ * "git add -i/-p" learned to honor diff.compactionHeuristic
+ experimental knob, so that the user can work on the same hunk split
+ as "git diff" output.
+
+ * "log --graph --format=" learned that "%>|(N)" specifies the width
+ relative to the terminal's left edge, not relative to the area to
+ draw text that is to the right of the ancestry-graph section. It
+ also now accepts negative N that means the column limit is relative
+ to the right border.
+
+ * The ownership rule for the piece of memory that hold references to
+ be fetched in "git fetch" was screwy, which has been cleaned up.
+
+ * "git bisect" makes an internal call to "git diff-tree" when
+ bisection finds the culprit, but this call did not initialize the
+ data structure to pass to the diff-tree API correctly.
+
+ * Formats of the various data (and how to validate them) where we use
+ GPG signature have been documented.
+
+ * Fix an unintended regression in v2.9 that breaks "clone --depth"
+ that recurses down to submodules by forcing the submodules to also
+ be cloned shallowly, which many server instances that host upstream
+ of the submodules are not prepared for.
+
+ * Fix unnecessarily waste in the idiomatic use of ': ${VAR=default}'
+ to set the default value, without enclosing it in double quotes.
+
+ * Some platform-specific code had non-ANSI strict declarations of C
+ functions that do not take any parameters, which has been
+ corrected.
+
+ * The internal code used to show local timezone offset is not
+ prepared to handle timestamps beyond year 2100, and gave a
+ bogus offset value to the caller. Use a more benign looking
+ +0000 instead and let "git log" going in such a case, instead
+ of aborting.
+
+ * One among four invocations of readlink(1) in our test suite has
+ been rewritten so that the test can run on systems without the
+ command (others are in valgrind test framework and t9802).
+
+ * t/perf needs /usr/bin/time with GNU extension; the invocation of it
+ is updated to "gtime" on Darwin.
+
+ * A bug, which caused "git p4" while running under verbose mode to
+ report paths that are omitted due to branch prefix incorrectly, has
+ been fixed; the command said "Ignoring file outside of prefix" for
+ paths that are _inside_.
+
+ * The top level documentation "git help git" still pointed at the
+ documentation set hosted at now-defunct google-code repository.
+ Update it to point to https://git.github.io/htmldocs/git.html
+ instead.
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2620003dcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Git v2.9.2 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Fixes since v2.9.1
+------------------
+
+ * A fix merged to v2.9.1 had a few tests that are not meant to be
+ run on platforms without 64-bit long, which caused unnecessary
+ test failures on them because we didn't detect the platform and
+ skip them. These tests are now skipped on platforms that they
+ are not applicable to.
+
+No other change is included in this update.
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index 53f00dbc26..6ad3eb66df 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ boolean::
false;; Boolean false can be spelled as `no`, `off`,
`false`, or `0`.
+
-When converting value to the canonical form using '--bool' type
+When converting value to the canonical form using `--bool` type
specifier; 'git config' will ensure that the output is "true" or
"false" (spelled in lowercase).
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ core.gitProxy::
may be set multiple times and is matched in the given order;
the first match wins.
+
-Can be overridden by the 'GIT_PROXY_COMMAND' environment variable
+Can be overridden by the `GIT_PROXY_COMMAND` environment variable
(which always applies universally, without the special "for"
handling).
+
@@ -478,10 +478,10 @@ false), while all other repositories are assumed to be bare (bare
core.worktree::
Set the path to the root of the working tree.
- If GIT_COMMON_DIR environment variable is set, core.worktree
+ If `GIT_COMMON_DIR` environment variable is set, core.worktree
is ignored and not used for determining the root of working tree.
- This can be overridden by the GIT_WORK_TREE environment
- variable and the '--work-tree' command-line option.
+ This can be overridden by the `GIT_WORK_TREE` environment
+ variable and the `--work-tree` command-line option.
The value can be an absolute path or relative to the path to
the .git directory, which is either specified by --git-dir
or GIT_DIR, or automatically discovered.
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ core.compression::
-1 is the zlib default. 0 means no compression,
and 1..9 are various speed/size tradeoffs, 9 being slowest.
If set, this provides a default to other compression variables,
- such as 'core.looseCompression' and 'pack.compression'.
+ such as `core.looseCompression` and `pack.compression`.
core.looseCompression::
An integer -1..9, indicating the compression level for objects that
@@ -619,9 +619,9 @@ core.excludesFile::
core.askPass::
Some commands (e.g. svn and http interfaces) that interactively
ask for a password can be told to use an external program given
- via the value of this variable. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_ASKPASS'
+ via the value of this variable. Can be overridden by the `GIT_ASKPASS`
environment variable. If not set, fall back to the value of the
- 'SSH_ASKPASS' environment variable or, failing that, a simple password
+ `SSH_ASKPASS` environment variable or, failing that, a simple password
prompt. The external program shall be given a suitable prompt as
command-line argument and write the password on its STDOUT.
@@ -764,7 +764,7 @@ core.notesRef::
notes should be printed.
+
This setting defaults to "refs/notes/commits", and it can be overridden by
-the 'GIT_NOTES_REF' environment variable. See linkgit:git-notes[1].
+the `GIT_NOTES_REF` environment variable. See linkgit:git-notes[1].
core.sparseCheckout::
Enable "sparse checkout" feature. See section "Sparse checkout" in
@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ core.abbrev::
add.ignoreErrors::
add.ignore-errors (deprecated)::
Tells 'git add' to continue adding files when some files cannot be
- added due to indexing errors. Equivalent to the '--ignore-errors'
+ added due to indexing errors. Equivalent to the `--ignore-errors`
option of linkgit:git-add[1]. `add.ignore-errors` is deprecated,
as it does not follow the usual naming convention for configuration
variables.
@@ -800,14 +800,14 @@ it will be treated as a shell command. For example, defining
"gitk --all --not ORIG_HEAD". Note that shell commands will be
executed from the top-level directory of a repository, which may
not necessarily be the current directory.
-'GIT_PREFIX' is set as returned by running 'git rev-parse --show-prefix'
+`GIT_PREFIX` is set as returned by running 'git rev-parse --show-prefix'
from the original current directory. See linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
am.keepcr::
If true, git-am will call git-mailsplit for patches in mbox format
- with parameter '--keep-cr'. In this case git-mailsplit will
+ with parameter `--keep-cr`. In this case git-mailsplit will
not remove `\r` from lines ending with `\r\n`. Can be overridden
- by giving '--no-keep-cr' from the command line.
+ by giving `--no-keep-cr` from the command line.
See linkgit:git-am[1], linkgit:git-mailsplit[1].
am.threeWay::
@@ -820,7 +820,7 @@ am.threeWay::
apply.ignoreWhitespace::
When set to 'change', tells 'git apply' to ignore changes in
- whitespace, in the same way as the '--ignore-space-change'
+ whitespace, in the same way as the `--ignore-space-change`
option.
When set to one of: no, none, never, false tells 'git apply' to
respect all whitespace differences.
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ apply.ignoreWhitespace::
apply.whitespace::
Tells 'git apply' how to handle whitespaces, in the same way
- as the '--whitespace' option. See linkgit:git-apply[1].
+ as the `--whitespace` option. See linkgit:git-apply[1].
branch.autoSetupMerge::
Tells 'git branch' and 'git checkout' to set up new branches
@@ -930,7 +930,7 @@ browser.<tool>.cmd::
browser.<tool>.path::
Override the path for the given tool that may be used to
- browse HTML help (see '-w' option in linkgit:git-help[1]) or a
+ browse HTML help (see `-w` option in linkgit:git-help[1]) or a
working repository in gitweb (see linkgit:git-instaweb[1]).
clean.requireForce::
@@ -1420,24 +1420,24 @@ gitcvs.logFile::
gitcvs.usecrlfattr::
If true, the server will look up the end-of-line conversion
- attributes for files to determine the '-k' modes to use. If
+ attributes for files to determine the `-k` modes to use. If
the attributes force Git to treat a file as text,
- the '-k' mode will be left blank so CVS clients will
+ the `-k` mode will be left blank so CVS clients will
treat it as text. If they suppress text conversion, the file
will be set with '-kb' mode, which suppresses any newline munging
the client might otherwise do. If the attributes do not allow
- the file type to be determined, then 'gitcvs.allBinary' is
+ the file type to be determined, then `gitcvs.allBinary` is
used. See linkgit:gitattributes[5].
gitcvs.allBinary::
- This is used if 'gitcvs.usecrlfattr' does not resolve
+ This is used if `gitcvs.usecrlfattr` does not resolve
the correct '-kb' mode to use. If true, all
unresolved files are sent to the client in
mode '-kb'. This causes the client to treat them
as binary files, which suppresses any newline munging it
otherwise might do. Alternatively, if it is set to "guess",
then the contents of the file are examined to decide if
- it is binary, similar to 'core.autocrlf'.
+ it is binary, similar to `core.autocrlf`.
gitcvs.dbName::
Database used by git-cvsserver to cache revision information
@@ -1456,7 +1456,7 @@ gitcvs.dbDriver::
See linkgit:git-cvsserver[1].
gitcvs.dbUser, gitcvs.dbPass::
- Database user and password. Only useful if setting 'gitcvs.dbDriver',
+ Database user and password. Only useful if setting `gitcvs.dbDriver`,
since SQLite has no concept of database users and/or passwords.
'gitcvs.dbUser' supports variable substitution (see
linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for details).
@@ -1468,8 +1468,8 @@ gitcvs.dbTableNamePrefix::
linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for details). Any non-alphabetic
characters will be replaced with underscores.
-All gitcvs variables except for 'gitcvs.usecrlfattr' and
-'gitcvs.allBinary' can also be specified as
+All gitcvs variables except for `gitcvs.usecrlfattr` and
+`gitcvs.allBinary` can also be specified as
'gitcvs.<access_method>.<varname>' (where 'access_method'
is one of "ext" and "pserver") to make them apply only for the given
access method.
@@ -1492,17 +1492,17 @@ gitweb.snapshot::
See linkgit:gitweb.conf[5] for description.
grep.lineNumber::
- If set to true, enable '-n' option by default.
+ If set to true, enable `-n` option by default.
grep.patternType::
Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended',
- 'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the '--basic-regexp', '--extended-regexp',
- '--fixed-strings', or '--perl-regexp' option accordingly, while the
+ 'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the `--basic-regexp`, `--extended-regexp`,
+ `--fixed-strings`, or `--perl-regexp` option accordingly, while the
value 'default' will return to the default matching behavior.
grep.extendedRegexp::
- If set to true, enable '--extended-regexp' option by default. This
- option is ignored when the 'grep.patternType' option is set to a value
+ If set to true, enable `--extended-regexp` option by default. This
+ option is ignored when the `grep.patternType` option is set to a value
other than 'default'.
grep.threads::
@@ -1587,7 +1587,7 @@ guitool.<name>.cmd::
of the linkgit:git-gui[1] `Tools` menu is invoked. This option is
mandatory for every tool. The command is executed from the root of
the working directory, and in the environment it receives the name of
- the tool as 'GIT_GUITOOL', the name of the currently selected file as
+ the tool as `GIT_GUITOOL`, the name of the currently selected file as
'FILENAME', and the name of the current branch as 'CUR_BRANCH' (if
the head is detached, 'CUR_BRANCH' is empty).
@@ -1608,7 +1608,7 @@ guitool.<name>.confirm::
guitool.<name>.argPrompt::
Request a string argument from the user, and pass it to the tool
- through the 'ARGS' environment variable. Since requesting an
+ through the `ARGS` environment variable. Since requesting an
argument implies confirmation, the 'confirm' option has no effect
if this is enabled. If the option is set to 'true', 'yes', or '1',
the dialog uses a built-in generic prompt; otherwise the exact
@@ -1616,7 +1616,7 @@ guitool.<name>.argPrompt::
guitool.<name>.revPrompt::
Request a single valid revision from the user, and set the
- 'REVISION' environment variable. In other aspects this option
+ `REVISION` environment variable. In other aspects this option
is similar to 'argPrompt', and can be used together with it.
guitool.<name>.revUnmerged::
@@ -1672,7 +1672,7 @@ http.proxyAuthMethod::
only takes effect if the configured proxy string contains a user name part
(i.e. is of the form 'user@host' or 'user@host:port'). This can be
overridden on a per-remote basis; see `remote.<name>.proxyAuthMethod`.
- Both can be overridden by the 'GIT_HTTP_PROXY_AUTHMETHOD' environment
+ Both can be overridden by the `GIT_HTTP_PROXY_AUTHMETHOD` environment
variable. Possible values are:
+
--
@@ -1731,9 +1731,9 @@ http.sslVersion::
- tlsv1.2
+
-Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_VERSION' environment variable.
+Can be overridden by the `GIT_SSL_VERSION` environment variable.
To force git to use libcurl's default ssl version and ignore any
-explicit http.sslversion option, set 'GIT_SSL_VERSION' to the
+explicit http.sslversion option, set `GIT_SSL_VERSION` to the
empty string.
http.sslCipherList::
@@ -1744,41 +1744,41 @@ http.sslCipherList::
option; see the libcurl documentation for more details on the format
of this list.
+
-Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST' environment variable.
+Can be overridden by the `GIT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST` environment variable.
To force git to use libcurl's default cipher list and ignore any
-explicit http.sslCipherList option, set 'GIT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST' to the
+explicit http.sslCipherList option, set `GIT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST` to the
empty string.
http.sslVerify::
Whether to verify the SSL certificate when fetching or pushing
- over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY' environment
+ over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the `GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY` environment
variable.
http.sslCert::
File containing the SSL certificate when fetching or pushing
- over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_CERT' environment
+ over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the `GIT_SSL_CERT` environment
variable.
http.sslKey::
File containing the SSL private key when fetching or pushing
- over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_KEY' environment
+ over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the `GIT_SSL_KEY` environment
variable.
http.sslCertPasswordProtected::
Enable Git's password prompt for the SSL certificate. Otherwise
OpenSSL will prompt the user, possibly many times, if the
certificate or private key is encrypted. Can be overridden by the
- 'GIT_SSL_CERT_PASSWORD_PROTECTED' environment variable.
+ `GIT_SSL_CERT_PASSWORD_PROTECTED` environment variable.
http.sslCAInfo::
File containing the certificates to verify the peer with when
fetching or pushing over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the
- 'GIT_SSL_CAINFO' environment variable.
+ `GIT_SSL_CAINFO` environment variable.
http.sslCAPath::
Path containing files with the CA certificates to verify the peer
with when fetching or pushing over HTTPS. Can be overridden
- by the 'GIT_SSL_CAPATH' environment variable.
+ by the `GIT_SSL_CAPATH` environment variable.
http.pinnedpubkey::
Public key of the https service. It may either be the filename of
@@ -1798,7 +1798,7 @@ http.sslTry::
http.maxRequests::
How many HTTP requests to launch in parallel. Can be overridden
- by the 'GIT_HTTP_MAX_REQUESTS' environment variable. Default is 5.
+ by the `GIT_HTTP_MAX_REQUESTS` environment variable. Default is 5.
http.minSessions::
The number of curl sessions (counted across slots) to be kept across
@@ -1817,13 +1817,13 @@ http.postBuffer::
http.lowSpeedLimit, http.lowSpeedTime::
If the HTTP transfer speed is less than 'http.lowSpeedLimit'
for longer than 'http.lowSpeedTime' seconds, the transfer is aborted.
- Can be overridden by the 'GIT_HTTP_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT' and
- 'GIT_HTTP_LOW_SPEED_TIME' environment variables.
+ Can be overridden by the `GIT_HTTP_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT` and
+ `GIT_HTTP_LOW_SPEED_TIME` environment variables.
http.noEPSV::
A boolean which disables using of EPSV ftp command by curl.
This can helpful with some "poor" ftp servers which don't
- support EPSV mode. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV'
+ support EPSV mode. Can be overridden by the `GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV`
environment variable. Default is false (curl will use EPSV).
http.userAgent::
@@ -1833,7 +1833,7 @@ http.userAgent::
such as Mozilla/4.0. This may be necessary, for instance, if
connecting through a firewall that restricts HTTP connections to a set
of common USER_AGENT strings (but not including those like git/1.7.1).
- Can be overridden by the 'GIT_HTTP_USER_AGENT' environment variable.
+ Can be overridden by the `GIT_HTTP_USER_AGENT` environment variable.
http.<url>.*::
Any of the http.* options above can be applied selectively to some URLs.
@@ -1956,7 +1956,10 @@ log.decorate::
command. If 'short' is specified, the ref name prefixes 'refs/heads/',
'refs/tags/' and 'refs/remotes/' will not be printed. If 'full' is
specified, the full ref name (including prefix) will be printed.
- This is the same as the log commands '--decorate' option.
+ If 'auto' is specified, then if the output is going to a terminal,
+ the ref names are shown as if 'short' were given, otherwise no ref
+ names are shown. This is the same as the `--decorate` option
+ of the `git log`.
log.follow::
If `true`, `git log` will act as if the `--follow` option was used when
@@ -2338,16 +2341,16 @@ new default).
--
push.followTags::
- If set to true enable '--follow-tags' option by default. You
+ If set to true enable `--follow-tags` option by default. You
may override this configuration at time of push by specifying
- '--no-follow-tags'.
+ `--no-follow-tags`.
push.gpgSign::
May be set to a boolean value, or the string 'if-asked'. A true
- value causes all pushes to be GPG signed, as if '--signed' is
+ value causes all pushes to be GPG signed, as if `--signed` is
passed to linkgit:git-push[1]. The string 'if-asked' causes
pushes to be signed if the server supports it, as if
- '--signed=if-asked' is passed to 'git push'. A false value may
+ `--signed=if-asked` is passed to 'git push'. A false value may
override a value from a lower-priority config file. An explicit
command-line flag always overrides this config option.
@@ -2370,7 +2373,7 @@ rebase.stat::
rebase. False by default.
rebase.autoSquash::
- If set to true enable '--autosquash' option by default.
+ If set to true enable `--autosquash` option by default.
rebase.autoStash::
When set to true, automatically create a temporary stash
@@ -2627,7 +2630,7 @@ sendemail.identity::
A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
'sendemail.<identity>' subsection to take precedence over
values in the 'sendemail' section. The default identity is
- the value of 'sendemail.identity'.
+ the value of `sendemail.identity`.
sendemail.smtpEncryption::
See linkgit:git-send-email[1] for description. Note that this
@@ -2644,7 +2647,7 @@ sendemail.<identity>.*::
Identity-specific versions of the 'sendemail.*' parameters
found below, taking precedence over those when the this
identity is selected, through command-line or
- 'sendemail.identity'.
+ `sendemail.identity`.
sendemail.aliasesFile::
sendemail.aliasFileType::
@@ -2674,7 +2677,7 @@ sendemail.xmailer::
See linkgit:git-send-email[1] for description.
sendemail.signedoffcc (deprecated)::
- Deprecated alias for 'sendemail.signedoffbycc'.
+ Deprecated alias for `sendemail.signedoffbycc`.
showbranch.default::
The default set of branches for linkgit:git-show-branch[1].
@@ -2906,17 +2909,17 @@ url.<base>.pushInsteadOf::
user.email::
Your email address to be recorded in any newly created commits.
- Can be overridden by the 'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL', 'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL', and
- 'EMAIL' environment variables. See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1].
+ Can be overridden by the `GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL`, `GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL`, and
+ `EMAIL` environment variables. See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1].
user.name::
Your full name to be recorded in any newly created commits.
- Can be overridden by the 'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME' and 'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME'
+ Can be overridden by the `GIT_AUTHOR_NAME` and `GIT_COMMITTER_NAME`
environment variables. See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1].
user.useConfigOnly::
- Instruct Git to avoid trying to guess defaults for 'user.email'
- and 'user.name', and instead retrieve the values only from the
+ Instruct Git to avoid trying to guess defaults for `user.email`
+ and `user.name`, and instead retrieve the values only from the
configuration. For example, if you have multiple email addresses
and would like to use a different one for each repository, then
with this configuration option set to `true` in the global config
diff --git a/Documentation/date-formats.txt b/Documentation/date-formats.txt
index ccd1fc8122..35e8da2010 100644
--- a/Documentation/date-formats.txt
+++ b/Documentation/date-formats.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
DATE FORMATS
------------
-The GIT_AUTHOR_DATE, GIT_COMMITTER_DATE environment variables
+The `GIT_AUTHOR_DATE`, `GIT_COMMITTER_DATE` environment variables
ifdef::git-commit[]
and the `--date` option
endif::git-commit[]
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-config.txt b/Documentation/diff-config.txt
index edba56522b..d5a5b17d50 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-config.txt
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ diff.ignoreSubmodules::
commands such as 'git diff-files'. 'git checkout' also honors
this setting when reporting uncommitted changes. Setting it to
'all' disables the submodule summary normally shown by 'git commit'
- and 'git status' when 'status.submoduleSummary' is set unless it is
+ and 'git status' when `status.submoduleSummary` is set unless it is
overridden by using the --ignore-submodules command-line option.
The 'git submodule' commands are not affected by this setting.
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ diff.orderFile::
diff.renameLimit::
The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename
- detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option '-l'.
+ detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option `-l`.
diff.renames::
Whether and how Git detects renames. If set to "false",
@@ -170,6 +170,11 @@ diff.tool::
include::mergetools-diff.txt[]
+diff.compactionHeuristic::
+ Set this option to `true` to enable an experimental heuristic that
+ shifts the hunk boundary in an attempt to make the resulting
+ patch easier to read.
+
diff.algorithm::
Choose a diff algorithm. The variants are as follows:
+
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-format.txt b/Documentation/diff-format.txt
index 85b08909ce..cf5262622f 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-format.txt
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ That is, from the left to the right:
. sha1 for "dst"; 0\{40\} if creation, unmerged or "look at work tree".
. a space.
. status, followed by optional "score" number.
-. a tab or a NUL when '-z' option is used.
+. a tab or a NUL when `-z` option is used.
. path for "src"
-. a tab or a NUL when '-z' option is used; only exists for C or R.
+. a tab or a NUL when `-z` option is used; only exists for C or R.
. path for "dst"; only exists for C or R.
-. an LF or a NUL when '-z' option is used, to terminate the record.
+. an LF or a NUL when `-z` option is used, to terminate the record.
Possible status letters are:
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ diff format for merges
----------------------
"git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff --raw"
-can take '-c' or '--cc' option
+can take `-c` or `--cc` option
to generate diff output also for merge commits. The output differs
from the format described above in the following way:
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
index bcf54da82a..d2a7ff56e8 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ Generating patches with -p
--------------------------
When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
-with a '-p' option, "git diff" without the '--raw' option, or
+with a `-p` option, "git diff" without the `--raw` option, or
"git log" with the "-p" option, they
do not produce the output described above; instead they produce a
patch file. You can customize the creation of such patches via the
-GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and the GIT_DIFF_OPTS environment variables.
+`GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` and the `GIT_DIFF_OPTS` environment variables.
What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
diff format:
@@ -114,11 +114,11 @@ index fabadb8,cc95eb0..4866510
------------
1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
- this (when '-c' option is used):
+ this (when `-c` option is used):
diff --combined file
+
-or like this (when '--cc' option is used):
+or like this (when `--cc` option is used):
diff --cc file
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
index 3cb301556e..d9ae681d8f 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
@@ -63,6 +63,13 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[]
Synonym for `-p --raw`.
endif::git-format-patch[]
+--compaction-heuristic::
+--no-compaction-heuristic::
+ These are to help debugging and tuning an experimental
+ heuristic (which is off by default) that shifts the hunk
+ boundary in an attempt to make the resulting patch easier
+ to read.
+
--minimal::
Spend extra time to make sure the smallest possible
diff is produced.
diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
index 036edfb099..9eab1f5fa4 100644
--- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
-p::
--prune::
- After fetching, remove any remote-tracking references that no
+ Before fetching, remove any remote-tracking references that no
longer exist on the remote. Tags are not subject to pruning
if they are fetched only because of the default tag
auto-following or due to a --tags option. However, if tags
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
to whatever else would otherwise be fetched. Using this
option alone does not subject tags to pruning, even if --prune
is used (though tags may be pruned anyway if they are also the
- destination of an explicit refspec; see '--prune').
+ destination of an explicit refspec; see `--prune`).
--recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]::
This option controls if and under what conditions new commits of
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
--no-recurse-submodules::
Disable recursive fetching of submodules (this has the same effect as
- using the '--recurse-submodules=no' option).
+ using the `--recurse-submodules=no` option).
--submodule-prefix=<path>::
Prepend <path> to paths printed in informative messages
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ endif::git-pull[]
--upload-pack <upload-pack>::
When given, and the repository to fetch from is handled
- by 'git fetch-pack', '--exec=<upload-pack>' is passed to
+ by 'git fetch-pack', `--exec=<upload-pack>` is passed to
the command to specify non-default path for the command
run on the other end.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-am.txt b/Documentation/git-am.txt
index 13cdd7f3b6..8dd9e4f052 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-am.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-am.txt
@@ -198,12 +198,12 @@ When initially invoking `git am`, you give it the names of the mailboxes
to process. Upon seeing the first patch that does not apply, it
aborts in the middle. You can recover from this in one of two ways:
-. skip the current patch by re-running the command with the '--skip'
+. skip the current patch by re-running the command with the `--skip`
option.
. hand resolve the conflict in the working directory, and update
the index file to bring it into a state that the patch should
- have produced. Then run the command with the '--continue' option.
+ have produced. Then run the command with the `--continue` option.
The command refuses to process new mailboxes until the current
operation is finished, so if you decide to start over from scratch,
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
index c06efbd42a..e015f5b3cc 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ skip" to do the same thing. (In fact the special exit code 125 makes
Or if you want more control, you can inspect the current state using
for example "git bisect visualize". It will launch gitk (or "git log"
-if the DISPLAY environment variable is not set) to help you find a
+if the `DISPLAY` environment variable is not set) to help you find a
better bisection point.
Either way, if you have a string of untestable commits, it might
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
index 7e79aaedeb..2bb9a577a2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ $ git bisect visualize
`view` may also be used as a synonym for `visualize`.
-If the 'DISPLAY' environment variable is not set, 'git log' is used
+If the `DISPLAY` environment variable is not set, 'git log' is used
instead. You can also give command-line options such as `-p` and
`--stat`.
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ OPTIONS
--no-checkout::
+
Do not checkout the new working tree at each iteration of the bisection
-process. Instead just update a special reference named 'BISECT_HEAD' to make
+process. Instead just update a special reference named `BISECT_HEAD` to make
it point to the commit that should be tested.
+
This option may be useful when the test you would perform in each step
diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
index 4a7037f1c8..1fe73448f3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ named commit). With `--merged`, only branches merged into the named
commit (i.e. the branches whose tip commits are reachable from the named
commit) will be listed. With `--no-merged` only branches not merged into
the named commit will be listed. If the <commit> argument is missing it
-defaults to 'HEAD' (i.e. the tip of the current branch).
+defaults to `HEAD` (i.e. the tip of the current branch).
The command's second form creates a new branch head named <branchname>
-which points to the current 'HEAD', or <start-point> if given.
+which points to the current `HEAD`, or <start-point> if given.
Note that this will create the new branch, but it will not switch the
working tree to it; use "git checkout <newbranch>" to switch to the
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ This option is only applicable in non-verbose mode.
+
This behavior is the default when the start point is a remote-tracking branch.
Set the branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable to `false` if you
-want `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if '--no-track'
+want `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if `--no-track`
were given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
index eb3d6945a9..18d03d8e8b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
-----------
In its first form, the command provides the content or the type of an object in
-the repository. The type is required unless '-t' or '-p' is used to find the
-object type, or '-s' is used to find the object size, or '--textconv' is used
+the repository. The type is required unless `-t` or `-p` is used to find the
+object type, or `-s` is used to find the object size, or `--textconv` is used
(which implies type "blob").
In the second form, a list of objects (separated by linefeeds) is provided on
@@ -144,13 +144,13 @@ respectively print:
OUTPUT
------
-If '-t' is specified, one of the <type>.
+If `-t` is specified, one of the <type>.
-If '-s' is specified, the size of the <object> in bytes.
+If `-s` is specified, the size of the <object> in bytes.
-If '-e' is specified, no output.
+If `-e` is specified, no output.
-If '-p' is specified, the contents of <object> are pretty-printed.
+If `-p` is specified, the contents of <object> are pretty-printed.
If <type> is specified, the raw (though uncompressed) contents of the <object>
will be returned.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
index 5e5273e073..7a2201b051 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ of it").
When creating a new branch, set up "upstream" configuration. See
"--track" in linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
+
-If no '-b' option is given, the name of the new branch will be
+If no `-b` option is given, the name of the new branch will be
derived from the remote-tracking branch, by looking at the local part of
the refspec configured for the corresponding remote, and then stripping
the initial part up to the "*".
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ This would tell us to use "hack" as the local branch when branching
off of "origin/hack" (or "remotes/origin/hack", or even
"refs/remotes/origin/hack"). If the given name has no slash, or the above
guessing results in an empty name, the guessing is aborted. You can
-explicitly give a name with '-b' in such a case.
+explicitly give a name with `-b` in such a case.
--no-track::
Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
index 6154e57238..d35d771fc8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ OPTIONS
For a more complete list of ways to spell commits, see
linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
Sets of commits can be passed but no traversal is done by
- default, as if the '--no-walk' option was specified, see
+ default, as if the `--no-walk` option was specified, see
linkgit:git-rev-list[1]. Note that specifying a range will
feed all <commit>... arguments to a single revision walk
(see a later example that uses 'maint master..next').
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ effect to your index in a row.
--allow-empty-message::
By default, cherry-picking a commit with an empty message will fail.
- This option overrides that behaviour, allowing commits with empty
+ This option overrides that behavior, allowing commits with empty
messages to be cherry picked.
--keep-redundant-commits::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clean.txt b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
index 51a7e26a8e..03056dad0d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clean.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ DESCRIPTION
Cleans the working tree by recursively removing files that are not
under version control, starting from the current directory.
-Normally, only files unknown to Git are removed, but if the '-x'
+Normally, only files unknown to Git are removed, but if the `-x`
option is specified, ignored files are also removed. This can, for
example, be useful to remove all build products.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
index 1b15cd7b16..ec41d3d698 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
@@ -191,9 +191,8 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
specified number of commits. Implies `--single-branch` unless
`--no-single-branch` is given to fetch the histories near the
- tips of all branches. This implies `--shallow-submodules`. If
- you want to have a shallow superproject clone, but full submodules,
- also pass `--no-shallow-submodules`.
+ tips of all branches. If you want to clone submodules shallowly,
+ also pass `--shallow-submodules`.
--[no-]single-branch::
Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch,
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
index cb69faab68..002dae625e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ OPTIONS
An existing tree object
-p <parent>::
- Each '-p' indicates the id of a parent commit object.
+ Each `-p` indicates the id of a parent commit object.
-m <message>::
A paragraph in the commit log message. This can be given more than
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
index d474226eb7..b0a294d3b5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ OPTIONS
-c <commit>::
--reedit-message=<commit>::
- Like '-C', but with '-c' the editor is invoked, so that
+ Like '-C', but with `-c` the editor is invoked, so that
the user can further edit the commit message.
--fixup=<commit>::
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ default::
Otherwise `whitespace`.
--
+
-The default can be changed by the 'commit.cleanup' configuration
+The default can be changed by the `commit.cleanup` configuration
variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
-e::
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ FROM UPSTREAM REBASE" section in linkgit:git-rebase[1].)
staged for other paths. This is the default mode of operation of
'git commit' if any paths are given on the command line,
in which case this option can be omitted.
- If this option is specified together with '--amend', then
+ If this option is specified together with `--amend`, then
no paths need to be specified, which can be used to amend
the last commit without committing changes that have
already been staged.
@@ -450,8 +450,8 @@ include::i18n.txt[]
ENVIRONMENT AND CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
---------------------------------------
The editor used to edit the commit log message will be chosen from the
-GIT_EDITOR environment variable, the core.editor configuration variable, the
-VISUAL environment variable, or the EDITOR environment variable (in that
+`GIT_EDITOR` environment variable, the core.editor configuration variable, the
+`VISUAL` environment variable, or the `EDITOR` environment variable (in that
order). See linkgit:git-var[1] for details.
HOOKS
diff --git a/Documentation/git-config.txt b/Documentation/git-config.txt
index 6843114fc0..f163113a6f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-config.txt
@@ -31,29 +31,29 @@ You can query/set/replace/unset options with this command. The name is
actually the section and the key separated by a dot, and the value will be
escaped.
-Multiple lines can be added to an option by using the '--add' option.
+Multiple lines can be added to an option by using the `--add` option.
If you want to update or unset an option which can occur on multiple
lines, a POSIX regexp `value_regex` needs to be given. Only the
existing values that match the regexp are updated or unset. If
you want to handle the lines that do *not* match the regex, just
prepend a single exclamation mark in front (see also <<EXAMPLES>>).
-The type specifier can be either '--int' or '--bool', to make
+The type specifier can be either `--int` or `--bool`, to make
'git config' ensure that the variable(s) are of the given type and
convert the value to the canonical form (simple decimal number for int,
-a "true" or "false" string for bool), or '--path', which does some
-path expansion (see '--path' below). If no type specifier is passed, no
+a "true" or "false" string for bool), or `--path`, which does some
+path expansion (see `--path` below). If no type specifier is passed, no
checks or transformations are performed on the value.
When reading, the values are read from the system, global and
repository local configuration files by default, and options
-'--system', '--global', '--local' and '--file <filename>' can be
+`--system`, `--global`, `--local` and `--file <filename>` can be
used to tell the command to read from only that location (see <<FILES>>).
When writing, the new value is written to the repository local
-configuration file by default, and options '--system', '--global',
-'--file <filename>' can be used to tell the command to write to
-that location (you can say '--local' but that is the default).
+configuration file by default, and options `--system`, `--global`,
+`--file <filename>` can be used to tell the command to write to
+that location (you can say `--local` but that is the default).
This command will fail with non-zero status upon error. Some exit
codes are:
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
Use the given config file instead of the one specified by GIT_CONFIG.
--blob blob::
- Similar to '--file' but use the given blob instead of a file. E.g.
+ Similar to `--file` but use the given blob instead of a file. E.g.
you can use 'master:.gitmodules' to read values from the file
'.gitmodules' in the master branch. See "SPECIFYING REVISIONS"
section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7] for a more complete list of
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
-e::
--edit::
Opens an editor to modify the specified config file; either
- '--system', '--global', or repository (default).
+ `--system`, `--global`, or repository (default).
--[no-]includes::
Respect `include.*` directives in config files when looking up
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
FILES
-----
-If not set explicitly with '--file', there are four files where
+If not set explicitly with `--file`, there are four files where
'git config' will search for configuration options:
$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig::
@@ -264,12 +264,12 @@ precedence over values read earlier. When multiple values are taken then all
values of a key from all files will be used.
All writing options will per default write to the repository specific
-configuration file. Note that this also affects options like '--replace-all'
-and '--unset'. *'git config' will only ever change one file at a time*.
+configuration file. Note that this also affects options like `--replace-all`
+and `--unset`. *'git config' will only ever change one file at a time*.
You can override these rules either by command-line options or by environment
-variables. The '--global' and the '--system' options will limit the file used
-to the global or system-wide file respectively. The GIT_CONFIG environment
+variables. The `--global` and the `--system` options will limit the file used
+to the global or system-wide file respectively. The `GIT_CONFIG` environment
variable has a similar effect, but you can specify any filename you want.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt b/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt
index e3c8f276b1..25fb963f4b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ OPTIONS
FILES
-----
-If not set explicitly with '--file', there are two files where
+If not set explicitly with `--file`, there are two files where
git-credential-store will search for credentials in order of precedence:
~/.git-credentials::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
index 00a0679a28..41207a24b0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ OPTIONS
akin to the way 'git clone' uses 'origin' by default.
-o <branch-for-HEAD>::
- When no remote is specified (via -r) the 'HEAD' branch
+ When no remote is specified (via -r) the `HEAD` branch
from CVS is imported to the 'origin' branch within the Git
- repository, as 'HEAD' already has a special meaning for Git.
- When a remote is specified the 'HEAD' branch is named
+ repository, as `HEAD` already has a special meaning for Git.
+ When a remote is specified the `HEAD` branch is named
remotes/<remote>/master mirroring 'git clone' behaviour.
Use this option if you want to import into a different
branch.
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ the old cvs2git tool.
-p <options-for-cvsps>::
Additional options for cvsps.
- The options '-u' and '-A' are implicit and should not be used here.
+ The options `-u` and '-A' are implicit and should not be used here.
+
If you need to pass multiple options, separate them with a comma.
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ If you need to pass multiple options, separate them with a comma.
-M <regex>::
Attempt to detect merges based on the commit message with a custom
- regex. It can be used with '-m' to enable the default regexes
+ regex. It can be used with `-m` to enable the default regexes
as well. You must escape forward slashes.
+
The regex must capture the source branch name in $1.
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ messages, bug-tracking systems, email archives, and the like.
OUTPUT
------
-If '-v' is specified, the script reports what it is doing.
+If `-v` is specified, the script reports what it is doing.
Otherwise, success is indicated the Unix way, i.e. by simply exiting with
a zero exit status.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
index db4d7a917c..a336ae5f6f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Print usage information and exit
You can specify a list of allowed directories. If no directories
are given, all are allowed. This is an additional restriction, gitcvs
access still needs to be enabled by the `gitcvs.enabled` config option
-unless '--export-all' was given, too.
+unless `--export-all` was given, too.
DESCRIPTION
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ To get a checkout with the Eclipse CVS client:
3. Browse the 'modules' available. It will give you a list of the heads in
the repository. You will not be able to browse the tree from there. Only
the heads.
-4. Pick 'HEAD' when it asks what branch/tag to check out. Untick the
+4. Pick `HEAD` when it asks what branch/tag to check out. Untick the
"launch commit wizard" to avoid committing the .project file.
Protocol notes: If you are using anonymous access via pserver, just select that.
@@ -402,12 +402,12 @@ Exports and tagging (tags and branches) are not supported at this stage.
CRLF Line Ending Conversions
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-By default the server leaves the '-k' mode blank for all files,
+By default the server leaves the `-k` mode blank for all files,
which causes the CVS client to treat them as a text files, subject
to end-of-line conversion on some platforms.
You can make the server use the end-of-line conversion attributes to
-set the '-k' modes for files by setting the `gitcvs.usecrlfattr`
+set the `-k` modes for files by setting the `gitcvs.usecrlfattr`
config variable. See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for more information
about end-of-line conversion.
@@ -415,9 +415,9 @@ Alternatively, if `gitcvs.usecrlfattr` config is not enabled
or the attributes do not allow automatic detection for a filename, then
the server uses the `gitcvs.allBinary` config for the default setting.
If `gitcvs.allBinary` is set, then file not otherwise
-specified will default to '-kb' mode. Otherwise the '-k' mode
+specified will default to '-kb' mode. Otherwise the `-k` mode
is left blank. But if `gitcvs.allBinary` is set to "guess", then
-the correct '-k' mode will be guessed based on the contents of
+the correct `-k` mode will be guessed based on the contents of
the file.
For best consistency with 'cvs', it is probably best to override the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
index a69b3616ec..3c91db7bed 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ that service if it is enabled.
It verifies that the directory has the magic file "git-daemon-export-ok", and
it will refuse to export any Git directory that hasn't explicitly been marked
-for export this way (unless the '--export-all' parameter is specified). If you
+for export this way (unless the `--export-all` parameter is specified). If you
pass some directory paths as 'git daemon' arguments, you can further restrict
the offers to a whitelist comprising of those.
@@ -90,10 +90,10 @@ OPTIONS
is not supported, then --listen=hostname is also not supported and
--listen must be given an IPv4 address.
Can be given more than once.
- Incompatible with '--inetd' option.
+ Incompatible with `--inetd` option.
--port=<n>::
- Listen on an alternative port. Incompatible with '--inetd' option.
+ Listen on an alternative port. Incompatible with `--inetd` option.
--init-timeout=<n>::
Timeout (in seconds) between the moment the connection is established
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ Git configuration files in that directory are readable by `<user>`.
arguments. The external command can decide to decline the
service by exiting with a non-zero status (or to allow it by
exiting with a zero status). It can also look at the $REMOTE_ADDR
- and $REMOTE_PORT environment variables to learn about the
+ and `$REMOTE_PORT` environment variables to learn about the
requestor when making this decision.
+
The external command can optionally write a single line to its
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ they correspond to these IP addresses.
selectively enable/disable services per repository::
To enable 'git archive --remote' and disable 'git fetch' against
a repository, have the following in the configuration file in the
- repository (that is the file 'config' next to 'HEAD', 'refs' and
+ repository (that is the file 'config' next to `HEAD`, 'refs' and
'objects').
+
----------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-describe.txt b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
index c8f28c8c86..e4ac448ff5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-describe.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ is found, its name will be output and searching will stop.
If an exact match was not found, 'git describe' will walk back
through the commit history to locate an ancestor commit which
has been tagged. The ancestor's tag will be output along with an
-abbreviation of the input commit-ish's SHA-1. If '--first-parent' was
+abbreviation of the input commit-ish's SHA-1. If `--first-parent` was
specified then the walk will only consider the first parent of each
commit.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
index a86cf62e68..a171506952 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ include::diff-format.txt[]
Operating Modes
---------------
You can choose whether you want to trust the index file entirely
-(using the '--cached' flag) or ask the diff logic to show any files
+(using the `--cached` flag) or ask the diff logic to show any files
that don't match the stat state as being "tentatively changed". Both
of these operations are very useful indeed.
Cached Mode
-----------
-If '--cached' is specified, it allows you to ask:
+If `--cached` is specified, it allows you to ask:
show me the differences between HEAD and the current index
contents (the ones I'd write using 'git write-tree')
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
index 1439486e40..7870e175b7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
show tree entry itself as well as subtrees. Implies -r.
--root::
- When '--root' is specified the initial commit will be shown as a big
+ When `--root` is specified the initial commit will be shown as a big
creation event. This is equivalent to a diff against the NULL tree.
--stdin::
- When '--stdin' is specified, the command does not take
+ When `--stdin` is specified, the command does not take
<tree-ish> arguments from the command line. Instead, it
reads lines containing either two <tree>, one <commit>, or a
list of <commit> from its standard input. (Use a single space
@@ -70,13 +70,13 @@ commits (but not trees).
By default, 'git diff-tree --stdin' does not show
differences for merge commits. With this flag, it shows
differences to that commit from all of its parents. See
- also '-c'.
+ also `-c`.
-s::
By default, 'git diff-tree --stdin' shows differences,
- either in machine-readable form (without '-p') or in patch
- form (with '-p'). This output can be suppressed. It is
- only useful with '-v' flag.
+ either in machine-readable form (without `-p`) or in patch
+ form (with `-p`). This output can be suppressed. It is
+ only useful with `-v` flag.
-v::
This flag causes 'git diff-tree --stdin' to also show
@@ -91,17 +91,17 @@ include::pretty-options.txt[]
-c::
This flag changes the way a merge commit is displayed
(which means it is useful only when the command is given
- one <tree-ish>, or '--stdin'). It shows the differences
+ one <tree-ish>, or `--stdin`). It shows the differences
from each of the parents to the merge result simultaneously
instead of showing pairwise diff between a parent and the
- result one at a time (which is what the '-m' option does).
+ result one at a time (which is what the `-m` option does).
Furthermore, it lists only files which were modified
from all parents.
--cc::
This flag changes the way a merge commit patch is displayed,
- in a similar way to the '-c' option. It implies the '-c'
- and '-p' options and further compresses the patch output
+ in a similar way to the `-c` option. It implies the `-c`
+ and `-p` options and further compresses the patch output
by omitting uninteresting hunks whose the contents in the parents
have only two variants and the merge result picks one of them
without modification. When all hunks are uninteresting, the commit
diff --git a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
index 333cf6ff91..224fb3090b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ instead. `--no-symlinks` is the default on Windows.
invoked diff tool returns a non-zero exit code.
+
'git-difftool' will forward the exit code of the invoked tool when
-'--trust-exit-code' is used.
+`--trust-exit-code` is used.
See linkgit:git-diff[1] for the full list of supported options.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
index 66910aa2fa..c105f2121e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
@@ -1054,7 +1054,7 @@ relative-marks::
no-relative-marks::
force::
Act as though the corresponding command-line option with
- a leading '--' was passed on the command line
+ a leading `--` was passed on the command line
(see OPTIONS, above).
import-marks::
@@ -1105,7 +1105,7 @@ options the user may specify to git fast-import itself.
The `<option>` part of the command may contain any of the options
listed in the OPTIONS section that do not change import semantics,
-without the leading '--' and is treated in the same way.
+without the leading `--` and is treated in the same way.
Option commands must be the first commands on the input (not counting
feature commands), to give an option command after any non-option
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
index 239623cc24..24417ee3a6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
@@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ OPTIONS
option, then the refs from stdin are processed after those
on the command line.
+
-If '--stateless-rpc' is specified together with this option then
+If `--stateless-rpc` is specified together with this option then
the list of refs must be in packet format (pkt-line). Each ref must
be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
-q::
--quiet::
- Pass '-q' flag to 'git unpack-objects'; this makes the
+ Pass `-q` flag to 'git unpack-objects'; this makes the
cloning process less verbose.
-k::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
index 003731f6a9..0a09698c03 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ if different from the rewritten ones, will be stored in the namespace
Note that since this operation is very I/O expensive, it might
be a good idea to redirect the temporary directory off-disk with the
-'-d' option, e.g. on tmpfs. Reportedly the speedup is very noticeable.
+`-d` option, e.g. on tmpfs. Reportedly the speedup is very noticeable.
Filters
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Filters
The filters are applied in the order as listed below. The <command>
argument is always evaluated in the shell context using the 'eval' command
(with the notable exception of the commit filter, for technical reasons).
-Prior to that, the $GIT_COMMIT environment variable will be set to contain
+Prior to that, the `$GIT_COMMIT` environment variable will be set to contain
the id of the commit being rewritten. Also, GIT_AUTHOR_NAME,
GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL, GIT_AUTHOR_DATE, GIT_COMMITTER_NAME, GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL,
and GIT_COMMITTER_DATE are taken from the current commit and exported to
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ to other tags will be rewritten to point to the underlying commit.
untouched. This switch allow git-filter-branch to ignore such
commits. Though, this switch only applies for commits that have one
and only one parent, it will hence keep merges points. Also, this
- option is not compatible with the use of '--commit-filter'. Though you
+ option is not compatible with the use of `--commit-filter`. Though you
just need to use the function 'git_commit_non_empty_tree "$@"' instead
of the `git commit-tree "$@"` idiom in your commit filter to make that
happen.
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ to other tags will be rewritten to point to the underlying commit.
<rev-list options>...::
Arguments for 'git rev-list'. All positive refs included by
these options are rewritten. You may also specify options
- such as '--all', but you must use '--' to separate them from
+ such as `--all`, but you must use `--` to separate them from
the 'git filter-branch' options. Implies <<Remap_to_ancestor>>.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
index d9d406dcfb..f57e69bc83 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ align::
<width> and <position> used instead. For instance,
`%(align:<width>,<position>)`. If the contents length is more
than the width then no alignment is performed. If used with
- '--quote' everything in between %(align:...) and %(end) is
+ `--quote` everything in between %(align:...) and %(end) is
quoted, but if nested then only the topmost level performs
quoting.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
index bdeecd59e0..9624c84a65 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ output, unless the `--stdout` option is specified.
If `-o` is specified, output files are created in <dir>. Otherwise
they are created in the current working directory. The default path
-can be set with the 'format.outputDirectory' configuration option.
+can be set with the `format.outputDirectory` configuration option.
The `-o` option takes precedence over `format.outputDirectory`.
To store patches in the current working directory even when
`format.outputDirectory` points elsewhere, use `-o .`.
@@ -146,9 +146,9 @@ series, where the head is chosen from the cover letter, the
`--in-reply-to`, and the first patch mail, in this order. 'deep'
threading makes every mail a reply to the previous one.
+
-The default is `--no-thread`, unless the 'format.thread' configuration
+The default is `--no-thread`, unless the `format.thread` configuration
is set. If `--thread` is specified without a style, it defaults to the
-style specified by 'format.thread' if any, or else `shallow`.
+style specified by `format.thread` if any, or else `shallow`.
+
Beware that the default for 'git send-email' is to thread emails
itself. If you want `git format-patch` to take care of threading, you
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
index 84ee92e158..7fc68eb319 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ DISCUSSION
git-fsck tests SHA-1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking
of the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any
corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the
-'--unreachable' flag it will also print out objects that exist but that
+`--unreachable` flag it will also print out objects that exist but that
aren't reachable from any of the specified head nodes (or the default
set, as mentioned above).
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gc.txt b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
index fa1510480a..bed60f471c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
@@ -82,13 +82,13 @@ automatic consolidation of packs.
Configuration
-------------
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.reflogExpire' can be
+The optional configuration variable `gc.reflogExpire` can be
set to indicate how long historical entries within each branch's
reflog should remain available in this repository. The setting is
expressed as a length of time, for example '90 days' or '3 months'.
It defaults to '90 days'.
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.reflogExpireUnreachable'
+The optional configuration variable `gc.reflogExpireUnreachable`
can be set to indicate how long historical reflog entries which
are not part of the current branch should remain available in
this repository. These types of entries are generally created as
@@ -107,30 +107,30 @@ branches:
reflogExpireUnreachable = 3 days
------------
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.rerereResolved' indicates
+The optional configuration variable `gc.rerereResolved` indicates
how long records of conflicted merge you resolved earlier are
kept. This defaults to 60 days.
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.rerereUnresolved' indicates
+The optional configuration variable `gc.rerereUnresolved` indicates
how long records of conflicted merge you have not resolved are
kept. This defaults to 15 days.
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.packRefs' determines if
+The optional configuration variable `gc.packRefs` determines if
'git gc' runs 'git pack-refs'. This can be set to "notbare" to enable
it within all non-bare repos or it can be set to a boolean value.
This defaults to true.
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.aggressiveWindow' controls how
+The optional configuration variable `gc.aggressiveWindow` controls how
much time is spent optimizing the delta compression of the objects in
the repository when the --aggressive option is specified. The larger
the value, the more time is spent optimizing the delta compression. See
the documentation for the --window' option in linkgit:git-repack[1] for
more details. This defaults to 250.
-Similarly, the optional configuration variable 'gc.aggressiveDepth'
+Similarly, the optional configuration variable `gc.aggressiveDepth`
controls --depth option in linkgit:git-repack[1]. This defaults to 250.
-The optional configuration variable 'gc.pruneExpire' controls how old
+The optional configuration variable `gc.pruneExpire` controls how old
the unreferenced loose objects have to be before they are pruned. The
default is "2 weeks ago".
diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
index cb0f6cf678..0ecea6e491 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
@@ -41,17 +41,17 @@ CONFIGURATION
-------------
grep.lineNumber::
- If set to true, enable '-n' option by default.
+ If set to true, enable `-n` option by default.
grep.patternType::
Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended',
- 'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the '--basic-regexp', '--extended-regexp',
- '--fixed-strings', or '--perl-regexp' option accordingly, while the
+ 'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the `--basic-regexp`, `--extended-regexp`,
+ `--fixed-strings`, or `--perl-regexp` option accordingly, while the
value 'default' will return to the default matching behavior.
grep.extendedRegexp::
- If set to true, enable '--extended-regexp' option by default. This
- option is ignored when the 'grep.patternType' option is set to a value
+ If set to true, enable `--extended-regexp` option by default. This
+ option is ignored when the `grep.patternType` option is set to a value
other than 'default'.
grep.threads::
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ grep.threads::
8 threads are used by default (for now).
grep.fullName::
- If set to true, enable '--full-name' option by default.
+ If set to true, enable `--full-name` option by default.
grep.fallbackToNoIndex::
If set to true, fall back to git grep --no-index if git grep
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gui.txt b/Documentation/git-gui.txt
index 8144527ae0..c1a3e8bf07 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gui.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gui.txt
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ blame::
browser::
Start a tree browser showing all files in the specified
- commit (or 'HEAD' by default). Files selected through the
+ commit (or `HEAD` by default). Files selected through the
browser are opened in the blame viewer.
citool::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-help.txt b/Documentation/git-help.txt
index 3956525218..40d328a4b3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-help.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-help.txt
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ With no options and no COMMAND or GUIDE given, the synopsis of the 'git'
command and a list of the most commonly used Git commands are printed
on the standard output.
-If the option '--all' or '-a' is given, all available commands are
+If the option `--all` or `-a` is given, all available commands are
printed on the standard output.
-If the option '--guide' or '-g' is given, a list of the useful
+If the option `--guide` or `-g` is given, a list of the useful
Git guides is also printed on the standard output.
If a command, or a guide, is given, a manual page for that command or
@@ -57,10 +57,10 @@ OPTIONS
--man::
Display manual page for the command in the 'man' format. This
option may be used to override a value set in the
- 'help.format' configuration variable.
+ `help.format` configuration variable.
+
By default the 'man' program will be used to display the manual page,
-but the 'man.viewer' configuration variable may be used to choose
+but the `man.viewer` configuration variable may be used to choose
other display programs (see below).
-w::
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ other display programs (see below).
format. A web browser will be used for that purpose.
+
The web browser can be specified using the configuration variable
-'help.browser', or 'web.browser' if the former is not set. If none of
+`help.browser`, or `web.browser` if the former is not set. If none of
these config variables is set, the 'git web{litdd}browse' helper script
(called by 'git help') will pick a suitable default. See
linkgit:git-web{litdd}browse[1] for more information about this.
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
help.format
~~~~~~~~~~~
-If no command-line option is passed, the 'help.format' configuration
+If no command-line option is passed, the `help.format` configuration
variable will be checked. The following values are supported for this
variable; they make 'git help' behave as their corresponding command-
line option:
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ line option:
help.browser, web.browser and browser.<tool>.path
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-The 'help.browser', 'web.browser' and 'browser.<tool>.path' will also
+The `help.browser`, `web.browser` and `browser.<tool>.path` will also
be checked if the 'web' format is chosen (either by command-line
option or configuration variable). See '-w|--web' in the OPTIONS
section above and linkgit:git-web{litdd}browse[1].
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ section above and linkgit:git-web{litdd}browse[1].
man.viewer
~~~~~~~~~~
-The 'man.viewer' configuration variable will be checked if the 'man'
+The `man.viewer` configuration variable will be checked if the 'man'
format is chosen. The following values are currently supported:
* "man": use the 'man' program as usual,
@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ format is chosen. The following values are currently supported:
tab (see 'Note about konqueror' below).
Values for other tools can be used if there is a corresponding
-'man.<tool>.cmd' configuration entry (see below).
+`man.<tool>.cmd` configuration entry (see below).
-Multiple values may be given to the 'man.viewer' configuration
+Multiple values may be given to the `man.viewer` configuration
variable. Their corresponding programs will be tried in the order
listed in the configuration file.
@@ -128,14 +128,14 @@ will try to use konqueror first. But this may fail (for example, if
DISPLAY is not set) and in that case emacs' woman mode will be tried.
If everything fails, or if no viewer is configured, the viewer specified
-in the GIT_MAN_VIEWER environment variable will be tried. If that
+in the `GIT_MAN_VIEWER` environment variable will be tried. If that
fails too, the 'man' program will be tried anyway.
man.<tool>.path
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You can explicitly provide a full path to your preferred man viewer by
-setting the configuration variable 'man.<tool>.path'. For example, you
+setting the configuration variable `man.<tool>.path`. For example, you
can configure the absolute path to konqueror by setting
'man.konqueror.path'. Otherwise, 'git help' assumes the tool is
available in PATH.
@@ -143,9 +143,9 @@ available in PATH.
man.<tool>.cmd
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-When the man viewer, specified by the 'man.viewer' configuration
+When the man viewer, specified by the `man.viewer` configuration
variables, is not among the supported ones, then the corresponding
-'man.<tool>.cmd' configuration variable will be looked up. If this
+`man.<tool>.cmd` configuration variable will be looked up. If this
variable exists then the specified tool will be treated as a custom
command and a shell eval will be used to run the command with the man
page passed as arguments.
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ page passed as arguments.
Note about konqueror
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-When 'konqueror' is specified in the 'man.viewer' configuration
+When 'konqueror' is specified in the `man.viewer` configuration
variable, we launch 'kfmclient' to try to open the man page on an
already opened konqueror in a new tab if possible.
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ Note about git config --global
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Note that all these configuration variables should probably be set
-using the '--global' flag, for example like this:
+using the `--global` flag, for example like this:
------------------------------------------------
$ git config --global help.format web
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt b/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt
index 9268fb6b1e..bb0db195ce 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ pushing using the smart HTTP protocol.
It verifies that the directory has the magic file
"git-daemon-export-ok", and it will refuse to export any Git directory
that hasn't explicitly been marked for export this way (unless the
-GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL environmental variable is set).
+`GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL` environmental variable is set).
By default, only the `upload-pack` service is enabled, which serves
'git fetch-pack' and 'git ls-remote' clients, which are invoked from
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ $HTTP["url"] =~ "^/git/private" {
ENVIRONMENT
-----------
-'git http-backend' relies upon the CGI environment variables set
+'git http-backend' relies upon the `CGI` environment variables set
by the invoking web server, including:
* PATH_INFO (if GIT_PROJECT_ROOT is set, otherwise PATH_TRANSLATED)
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ by the invoking web server, including:
* QUERY_STRING
* REQUEST_METHOD
-The GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL environmental variable may be passed to
+The `GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL` environmental variable may be passed to
'git-http-backend' to bypass the check for the "git-daemon-export-ok"
file in each repository before allowing export of that repository.
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL to '$\{REMOTE_USER}@http.$\{REMOTE_ADDR\}',
ensuring that any reflogs created by 'git-receive-pack' contain some
identifying information of the remote user who performed the push.
-All CGI environment variables are available to each of the hooks
+All `CGI` environment variables are available to each of the hooks
invoked by the 'git-receive-pack'.
GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-push.txt b/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
index 2e67362bd4..2aceb6f26d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
@@ -81,13 +81,13 @@ destination side.
exist in the set of remote refs; the ref matched <src>
locally is used as the name of the destination.
-Without '--force', the <src> ref is stored at the remote only if
+Without `--force`, the <src> ref is stored at the remote only if
<dst> does not exist, or <dst> is a proper subset (i.e. an
ancestor) of <src>. This check, known as "fast-forward check",
is performed in order to avoid accidentally overwriting the
remote ref and lose other peoples' commits from there.
-With '--force', the fast-forward check is disabled for all refs.
+With `--force`, the fast-forward check is disabled for all refs.
Optionally, a <ref> parameter can be prefixed with a plus '+' sign
to disable the fast-forward check only on that ref.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init.txt b/Documentation/git-init.txt
index 6364e5dc45..9d27197de8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init.txt
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Only print error and warning messages; all other output will be suppressed.
--bare::
-Create a bare repository. If GIT_DIR environment is not set, it is set to the
+Create a bare repository. If `GIT_DIR` environment is not set, it is set to the
current working directory.
--template=<template_directory>::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
index cc75b25022..e8ecdbf927 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ You may specify configuration in your .git/config
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-If the configuration variable 'instaweb.browser' is not set,
-'web.browser' will be used instead if it is defined. See
+If the configuration variable `instaweb.browser` is not set,
+`web.browser` will be used instead if it is defined. See
linkgit:git-web{litdd}browse[1] for more information about this.
SEE ALSO
diff --git a/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt b/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt
index a77b901f1d..93d1db6528 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ Signed-off-by: Alice <alice@example.com>
Signed-off-by: Bob <bob@example.com>
------------
-* Use the '--in-place' option to edit a message file in place:
+* Use the `--in-place` option to edit a message file in place:
+
------------
$ cat msg.txt
diff --git a/Documentation/git-log.txt b/Documentation/git-log.txt
index 03f958029a..4a6c47f843 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-log.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-log.txt
@@ -29,12 +29,14 @@ OPTIONS
(works only for a single file).
--no-decorate::
---decorate[=short|full|no]::
+--decorate[=short|full|auto|no]::
Print out the ref names of any commits that are shown. If 'short' is
specified, the ref name prefixes 'refs/heads/', 'refs/tags/' and
'refs/remotes/' will not be printed. If 'full' is specified, the
- full ref name (including prefix) will be printed. The default option
- is 'short'.
+ full ref name (including prefix) will be printed. If 'auto' is
+ specified, then if the output is going to a terminal, the ref names
+ are shown as if 'short' were given, otherwise no ref names are
+ shown. The default option is 'short'.
--source::
Print out the ref name given on the command line by which each
@@ -201,7 +203,7 @@ mailmap.*::
notes.displayRef::
Which refs, in addition to the default set by `core.notesRef`
- or 'GIT_NOTES_REF', to read notes from when showing commit
+ or `GIT_NOTES_REF`, to read notes from when showing commit
messages with the `log` family of commands. See
linkgit:git-notes[1].
+
@@ -210,7 +212,7 @@ multiple times. A warning will be issued for refs that do not exist,
but a glob that does not match any refs is silently ignored.
+
This setting can be disabled by the `--no-notes` option,
-overridden by the 'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF' environment variable,
+overridden by the `GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF` environment variable,
and overridden by the `--notes=<ref>` option.
GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
index 75c3f4157d..078b556665 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ followed by the ("attr/<eolattr>").
Output
------
-'git ls-files' just outputs the filenames unless '--stage' is specified in
+'git ls-files' just outputs the filenames unless `--stage` is specified in
which case it outputs:
[<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
index 16e87fd6dd..dbc91f98ff 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@ in the current working directory. Note that:
- the behaviour is slightly different from that of "/bin/ls" in that the
'<path>' denotes just a list of patterns to match, e.g. so specifying
- directory name (without '-r') will behave differently, and order of the
+ directory name (without `-r`) will behave differently, and order of the
arguments does not matter.
- the behaviour is similar to that of "/bin/ls" in that the '<path>' is
taken as relative to the current working directory. E.g. when you are
in a directory 'sub' that has a directory 'dir', you can run 'git
ls-tree -r HEAD dir' to list the contents of the tree (that is
- 'sub/dir' in 'HEAD'). You don't want to give a tree that is not at the
+ 'sub/dir' in `HEAD`). You don't want to give a tree that is not at the
root level (e.g. `git ls-tree -r HEAD:sub dir`) in this case, as that
- would result in asking for 'sub/sub/dir' in the 'HEAD' commit.
+ would result in asking for 'sub/sub/dir' in the `HEAD` commit.
However, the current working directory can be ignored by passing
--full-tree option.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ OPTIONS
-t::
Show tree entries even when going to recurse them. Has no effect
- if '-r' was not passed. '-d' implies '-t'.
+ if `-r` was not passed. `-d` implies `-t`.
-l::
--long::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
index 5c6ebdfad9..c3616e7711 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ OPTIONS
--batch::
Allow building of more than one tree object before exiting. Each
tree is separated by as single blank line. The final new-line is
- optional. Note - if the '-z' option is used, lines are terminated
+ optional. Note - if the `-z` option is used, lines are terminated
with NUL.
GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mv.txt b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
index e4531325cd..79449bf98f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mv.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ OPTIONS
--force::
Force renaming or moving of a file even if the target exists
-k::
- Skip move or rename actions which would lead to an error
+ Skip move or rename actions which would lead to an error
condition. An error happens when a source is neither existing nor
controlled by Git, or when it would overwrite an existing
- file unless '-f' is given.
+ file unless `-f` is given.
-n::
--dry-run::
Do nothing; only show what would happen
diff --git a/Documentation/git-notes.txt b/Documentation/git-notes.txt
index 9c4fd6812c..be7db3048d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-notes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-notes.txt
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ OPTIONS
-c <object>::
--reedit-message=<object>::
- Like '-C', but with '-c' the editor is invoked, so that
+ Like '-C', but with `-c` the editor is invoked, so that
the user can further edit the note message.
--allow-empty::
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ OPTIONS
--ref <ref>::
Manipulate the notes tree in <ref>. This overrides
- 'GIT_NOTES_REF' and the "core.notesRef" configuration. The ref
+ `GIT_NOTES_REF` and the "core.notesRef" configuration. The ref
specifies the full refname when it begins with `refs/notes/`; when it
begins with `notes/`, `refs/` and otherwise `refs/notes/` is prefixed
to form a full name of the ref.
@@ -333,10 +333,10 @@ notes.<name>.mergeStrategy::
notes.displayRef::
Which ref (or refs, if a glob or specified more than once), in
addition to the default set by `core.notesRef` or
- 'GIT_NOTES_REF', to read notes from when showing commit
+ `GIT_NOTES_REF`, to read notes from when showing commit
messages with the 'git log' family of commands.
This setting can be overridden on the command line or by the
- 'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF' environment variable.
+ `GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF` environment variable.
See linkgit:git-log[1].
notes.rewrite.<command>::
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ notes.rewrite.<command>::
notes from the original to the rewritten commit. Defaults to
`true`. See also "`notes.rewriteRef`" below.
+
-This setting can be overridden by the 'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF'
+This setting can be overridden by the `GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF`
environment variable.
notes.rewriteMode::
@@ -366,33 +366,33 @@ notes.rewriteRef::
Does not have a default value; you must configure this variable to
enable note rewriting.
+
-Can be overridden with the 'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF' environment variable.
+Can be overridden with the `GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF` environment variable.
ENVIRONMENT
-----------
-'GIT_NOTES_REF'::
+`GIT_NOTES_REF`::
Which ref to manipulate notes from, instead of `refs/notes/commits`.
This overrides the `core.notesRef` setting.
-'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF'::
+`GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF`::
Colon-delimited list of refs or globs indicating which refs,
in addition to the default from `core.notesRef` or
- 'GIT_NOTES_REF', to read notes from when showing commit
+ `GIT_NOTES_REF`, to read notes from when showing commit
messages.
This overrides the `notes.displayRef` setting.
+
A warning will be issued for refs that do not exist, but a glob that
does not match any refs is silently ignored.
-'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE'::
+`GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE`::
When copying notes during a rewrite, what to do if the target
commit already has a note.
Must be one of `overwrite`, `concatenate`, `cat_sort_uniq`, or `ignore`.
This overrides the `core.rewriteMode` setting.
-'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF'::
+`GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF`::
When rewriting commits, which notes to copy from the original
to the rewritten commit. Must be a colon-delimited list of
refs or globs.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-p4.txt b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
index 88ba42b455..c83aaf39c3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-p4.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ $ git p4 sync //path/in/your/perforce/depot
------------
This imports the specified depot into
'refs/remotes/p4/master' in an existing Git repository. The
-'--branch' option can be used to specify a different branch to
+`--branch` option can be used to specify a different branch to
be used for the p4 content.
If a Git repository includes branches 'refs/remotes/origin/p4', these
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ from a Git remote, this can be useful in a multi-developer environment.
If there are multiple branches, doing 'git p4 sync' will automatically
use the "BRANCH DETECTION" algorithm to try to partition new changes
-into the right branch. This can be overridden with the '--branch'
+into the right branch. This can be overridden with the `--branch`
option to specify just a single branch to update.
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ Submit
~~~~~~
Submitting changes from a Git repository back to the p4 repository
requires a separate p4 client workspace. This should be specified
-using the 'P4CLIENT' environment variable or the Git configuration
+using the `P4CLIENT` environment variable or the Git configuration
variable 'git-p4.client'. The p4 client must exist, but the client root
will be created and populated if it does not already exist.
@@ -150,10 +150,10 @@ $ git p4 submit topicbranch
------------
The upstream reference is generally 'refs/remotes/p4/master', but can
-be overridden using the '--origin=' command-line option.
+be overridden using the `--origin=` command-line option.
The p4 changes will be created as the user invoking 'git p4 submit'. The
-'--preserve-user' option will cause ownership to be modified
+`--preserve-user` option will cause ownership to be modified
according to the author of the Git commit. This option requires admin
privileges in p4, which can be granted using 'p4 protect'.
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ General options
All commands except clone accept these options.
--git-dir <dir>::
- Set the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable. See linkgit:git[1].
+ Set the `GIT_DIR` environment variable. See linkgit:git[1].
-v::
--verbose::
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ Git repository:
where they will be treated as remote-tracking branches by
linkgit:git-branch[1] and other commands. This option instead
puts p4 branches in 'refs/heads/p4/'. Note that future
- sync operations must specify '--import-local' as well so that
+ sync operations must specify `--import-local` as well so that
they can find the p4 branches in refs/heads.
--max-changes <n>::
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ Git repository:
default, involves removing the entire depot path. With this
option, the full p4 depot path is retained in Git. For example,
path '//depot/main/foo/bar.c', when imported from
- '//depot/main/', becomes 'foo/bar.c'. With '--keep-path', the
+ '//depot/main/', becomes 'foo/bar.c'. With `--keep-path`, the
Git path is instead 'depot/main/foo/bar.c'.
--use-client-spec::
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ These options can be used to modify 'git p4 submit' behavior.
--origin <commit>::
Upstream location from which commits are identified to submit to
p4. By default, this is the most recent p4 commit reachable
- from 'HEAD'.
+ from `HEAD`.
-M::
Detect renames. See linkgit:git-diff[1]. Renames will be
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ p4 revision specifier on the end:
Import all changes from both named depot paths into a single
repository. Only files below these directories are included.
There is not a subdirectory in Git for each "proj1" and "proj2".
- You must use the '--destination' option when specifying more
+ You must use the `--destination` option when specifying more
than one depot path. The revision specifier must be specified
identically on each depot path. If there are files in the
depot paths with the same name, the path with the most recently
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ CLIENT SPEC
The p4 client specification is maintained with the 'p4 client' command
and contains among other fields, a View that specifies how the depot
is mapped into the client repository. The 'clone' and 'sync' commands
-can consult the client spec when given the '--use-client-spec' option or
+can consult the client spec when given the `--use-client-spec` option or
when the useClientSpec variable is true. After 'git p4 clone', the
useClientSpec variable is automatically set in the repository
configuration file. This allows future 'git p4 submit' commands to
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ different areas in the tree, and indicate related content. 'git p4'
can use these mappings to determine branch relationships.
If you have a repository where all the branches of interest exist as
-subdirectories of a single depot path, you can use '--detect-branches'
+subdirectories of a single depot path, you can use `--detect-branches`
when cloning or syncing to have 'git p4' automatically find
subdirectories in p4, and to generate these as branches in Git.
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ git-p4.labelImportRegexp::
git-p4.useClientSpec::
Specify that the p4 client spec should be used to identify p4
depot paths of interest. This is equivalent to specifying the
- option '--use-client-spec'. See the "CLIENT SPEC" section above.
+ option `--use-client-spec`. See the "CLIENT SPEC" section above.
This variable is a boolean, not the name of a p4 client.
git-p4.pathEncoding::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt
index cf6ee4a4df..93c3527f0c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt
@@ -137,8 +137,8 @@ already exists on the remote side.
and also push annotated tags in `refs/tags` that are missing
from the remote but are pointing at commit-ish that are
reachable from the refs being pushed. This can also be specified
- with configuration variable 'push.followTags'. For more
- information, see 'push.followTags' in linkgit:git-config[1].
+ with configuration variable `push.followTags`. For more
+ information, see `push.followTags` in linkgit:git-config[1].
--[no-]signed::
--sign=(true|false|if-asked)::
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ origin +master` to force a push to the `master` branch). See the
For every branch that is up to date or successfully pushed, add
upstream (tracking) reference, used by argument-less
linkgit:git-pull[1] and other commands. For more information,
- see 'branch.<name>.merge' in linkgit:git-config[1].
+ see `branch.<name>.merge` in linkgit:git-config[1].
--[no-]thin::
These options are passed to linkgit:git-send-pack[1]. A thin transfer
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ origin +master` to force a push to the `master` branch). See the
all submodules that changed in the revisions to be pushed will be
pushed. If on-demand was not able to push all necessary revisions
it will also be aborted and exit with non-zero status. A value of
- 'no' or using '--no-recurse-submodules' can be used to override the
+ 'no' or using `--no-recurse-submodules` can be used to override the
push.recurseSubmodules configuration variable when no submodule
recursion is required.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
index ff633b0db7..8cf952b4de 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ OPTIONS
The directory to find the quilt patches.
+
The default for the patch directory is patches
-or the value of the $QUILT_PATCHES environment
+or the value of the `$QUILT_PATCHES` environment
variable.
--series <file>::
The quilt series file.
+
The default for the series file is <patches>/series
-or the value of the $QUILT_SERIES environment
+or the value of the `$QUILT_SERIES` environment
variable.
GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
index 0387b40e0a..de222c81af 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
@@ -208,10 +208,10 @@ rebase.stat::
rebase. False by default.
rebase.autoSquash::
- If set to true enable '--autosquash' option by default.
+ If set to true enable `--autosquash` option by default.
rebase.autoStash::
- If set to true enable '--autostash' option by default.
+ If set to true enable `--autostash` option by default.
rebase.missingCommitsCheck::
If set to "warn", print warnings about removed commits in
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ rebase.missingCommitsCheck::
done. "ignore" by default.
rebase.instructionFormat::
- Custom commit list format to use during an '--interactive' rebase.
+ Custom commit list format to use during an `--interactive` rebase.
OPTIONS
-------
@@ -428,9 +428,9 @@ without an explicit `--interactive`.
"fixup! " or "squash! " after the first, in case you referred to an
earlier fixup/squash with `git commit --fixup/--squash`.
+
-This option is only valid when the '--interactive' option is used.
+This option is only valid when the `--interactive` option is used.
+
-If the '--autosquash' option is enabled by default using the
+If the `--autosquash` option is enabled by default using the
configuration variable `rebase.autoSquash`, this option can be
used to override and disable this setting.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
index 1d7eceaa93..577b969c1b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
@@ -137,9 +137,9 @@ branches, adds to that list.
Retrieves the URLs for a remote. Configurations for `insteadOf` and
`pushInsteadOf` are expanded here. By default, only the first URL is listed.
+
-With '--push', push URLs are queried rather than fetch URLs.
+With `--push`, push URLs are queried rather than fetch URLs.
+
-With '--all', all URLs for the remote will be listed.
+With `--all`, all URLs for the remote will be listed.
'set-url'::
@@ -147,11 +147,11 @@ Changes URLs for the remote. Sets first URL for remote <name> that matches
regex <oldurl> (first URL if no <oldurl> is given) to <newurl>. If
<oldurl> doesn't match any URL, an error occurs and nothing is changed.
+
-With '--push', push URLs are manipulated instead of fetch URLs.
+With `--push`, push URLs are manipulated instead of fetch URLs.
+
-With '--add', instead of changing existing URLs, new URL is added.
+With `--add`, instead of changing existing URLs, new URL is added.
+
-With '--delete', instead of changing existing URLs, all URLs matching
+With `--delete`, instead of changing existing URLs, all URLs matching
regex <url> are deleted for remote <name>. Trying to delete all
non-push URLs is an error.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/git-repack.txt b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
index b9c02ce481..0c03eecff9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-repack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ OPTIONS
pack everything referenced into a single pack.
Especially useful when packing a repository that is used
for private development. Use
- with '-d'. This will clean up the objects that `git prune`
+ with `-d`. This will clean up the objects that `git prune`
leaves behind, but `git fsck --full --dangling` shows as
dangling.
+
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ whole new pack in order to get any contained object, no matter how many
other objects in that pack they already have locally.
-A::
- Same as `-a`, unless '-d' is used. Then any unreachable
+ Same as `-a`, unless `-d` is used. Then any unreachable
objects in a previous pack become loose, unpacked objects,
instead of being left in the old pack. Unreachable objects
are never intentionally added to a pack, even when repacking.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-replace.txt b/Documentation/git-replace.txt
index 8fff598fd6..e5c57ae6ef 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-replace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-replace.txt
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ $ git cat-file commit foo
shows information about commit 'bar'.
-The 'GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS' environment variable can be set to
+The `GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS` environment variable can be set to
achieve the same effect as the `--no-replace-objects` option.
OPTIONS
diff --git a/Documentation/git-revert.txt b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
index 573616a04a..837707a8fd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-revert.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ from the HEAD commit).
Note: 'git revert' is used to record some new commits to reverse the
effect of some earlier commits (often only a faulty one). If you want to
throw away all uncommitted changes in your working directory, you
-should see linkgit:git-reset[1], particularly the '--hard' option. If
+should see linkgit:git-reset[1], particularly the `--hard` option. If
you want to extract specific files as they were in another commit, you
should see linkgit:git-checkout[1], specifically the `git checkout
<commit> -- <filename>` syntax. Take care with these alternatives as
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ OPTIONS
For a more complete list of ways to spell commit names, see
linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
Sets of commits can also be given but no traversal is done by
- default, see linkgit:git-rev-list[1] and its '--no-walk'
+ default, see linkgit:git-rev-list[1] and its `--no-walk`
option.
-e::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
index 771a7b5b09..642d0ef199 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
@@ -47,18 +47,18 @@ Composing
--annotate::
Review and edit each patch you're about to send. Default is the value
- of 'sendemail.annotate'. See the CONFIGURATION section for
- 'sendemail.multiEdit'.
+ of `sendemail.annotate`. See the CONFIGURATION section for
+ `sendemail.multiEdit`.
--bcc=<address>,...::
Specify a "Bcc:" value for each email. Default is the value of
- 'sendemail.bcc'.
+ `sendemail.bcc`.
+
This option may be specified multiple times.
--cc=<address>,...::
Specify a starting "Cc:" value for each email.
- Default is the value of 'sendemail.cc'.
+ Default is the value of `sendemail.cc`.
+
This option may be specified multiple times.
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ This option may be specified multiple times.
Invoke a text editor (see GIT_EDITOR in linkgit:git-var[1])
to edit an introductory message for the patch series.
+
-When '--compose' is used, git send-email will use the From, Subject, and
+When `--compose` is used, git send-email will use the From, Subject, and
In-Reply-To headers specified in the message. If the body of the message
(what you type after the headers and a blank line) only contains blank
(or Git: prefixed) lines, the summary won't be sent, but From, Subject,
@@ -74,12 +74,12 @@ and In-Reply-To headers will be used unless they are removed.
+
Missing From or In-Reply-To headers will be prompted for.
+
-See the CONFIGURATION section for 'sendemail.multiEdit'.
+See the CONFIGURATION section for `sendemail.multiEdit`.
--from=<address>::
Specify the sender of the emails. If not specified on the command line,
- the value of the 'sendemail.from' configuration option is used. If
- neither the command-line option nor 'sendemail.from' are set, then the
+ the value of the `sendemail.from` configuration option is used. If
+ neither the command-line option nor `sendemail.from` are set, then the
user will be prompted for the value. The default for the prompt will be
the value of GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT, or GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT if that is not
set, as returned by "git var -l".
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ is not set, this will be prompted for.
--to=<address>,...::
Specify the primary recipient of the emails generated. Generally, this
will be the upstream maintainer of the project involved. Default is the
- value of the 'sendemail.to' configuration value; if that is unspecified,
+ value of the `sendemail.to` configuration value; if that is unspecified,
and --to-cmd is not specified, this will be prompted for.
+
This option may be specified multiple times.
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ Note that no attempts whatsoever are made to validate the encoding.
can be useful when the repository contains files that contain carriage
returns, but makes the raw patch email file (as saved from a MUA) much
harder to inspect manually. base64 is even more fool proof, but also
- even more opaque. Default is the value of the 'sendemail.transferEncoding'
+ even more opaque. Default is the value of the `sendemail.transferEncoding`
configuration value; if that is unspecified, git will use 8bit and not
add a Content-Transfer-Encoding header.
@@ -157,20 +157,20 @@ Sending
subscribed to a list. In order to use the 'From' address, set the
value to "auto". If you use the sendmail binary, you must have
suitable privileges for the -f parameter. Default is the value of the
- 'sendemail.envelopeSender' configuration variable; if that is
+ `sendemail.envelopeSender` configuration variable; if that is
unspecified, choosing the envelope sender is left to your MTA.
--smtp-encryption=<encryption>::
Specify the encryption to use, either 'ssl' or 'tls'. Any other
value reverts to plain SMTP. Default is the value of
- 'sendemail.smtpEncryption'.
+ `sendemail.smtpEncryption`.
--smtp-domain=<FQDN>::
Specifies the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) used in the
HELO/EHLO command to the SMTP server. Some servers require the
FQDN to match your IP address. If not set, git send-email attempts
to determine your FQDN automatically. Default is the value of
- 'sendemail.smtpDomain'.
+ `sendemail.smtpDomain`.
--smtp-auth=<mechanisms>::
Whitespace-separated list of allowed SMTP-AUTH mechanisms. This setting
@@ -182,19 +182,19 @@ $ git send-email --smtp-auth="PLAIN LOGIN GSSAPI" ...
+
If at least one of the specified mechanisms matches the ones advertised by the
SMTP server and if it is supported by the utilized SASL library, the mechanism
-is used for authentication. If neither 'sendemail.smtpAuth' nor '--smtp-auth'
+is used for authentication. If neither 'sendemail.smtpAuth' nor `--smtp-auth`
is specified, all mechanisms supported by the SASL library can be used.
--smtp-pass[=<password>]::
Password for SMTP-AUTH. The argument is optional: If no
argument is specified, then the empty string is used as
- the password. Default is the value of 'sendemail.smtpPass',
- however '--smtp-pass' always overrides this value.
+ the password. Default is the value of `sendemail.smtpPass`,
+ however `--smtp-pass` always overrides this value.
+
Furthermore, passwords need not be specified in configuration files
or on the command line. If a username has been specified (with
-'--smtp-user' or a 'sendemail.smtpUser'), but no password has been
-specified (with '--smtp-pass' or 'sendemail.smtpPass'), then
+`--smtp-user` or a `sendemail.smtpUser`), but no password has been
+specified (with `--smtp-pass` or `sendemail.smtpPass`), then
a password is obtained using 'git-credential'.
--smtp-server=<host>::
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ a password is obtained using 'git-credential'.
`smtp.example.com` or a raw IP address). Alternatively it can
specify a full pathname of a sendmail-like program instead;
the program must support the `-i` option. Default value can
- be specified by the 'sendemail.smtpServer' configuration
+ be specified by the `sendemail.smtpServer` configuration
option; the built-in default is `/usr/sbin/sendmail` or
`/usr/lib/sendmail` if such program is available, or
`localhost` otherwise.
@@ -213,11 +213,11 @@ a password is obtained using 'git-credential'.
submission port 587, or the common SSL smtp port 465);
symbolic port names (e.g. "submission" instead of 587)
are also accepted. The port can also be set with the
- 'sendemail.smtpServerPort' configuration variable.
+ `sendemail.smtpServerPort` configuration variable.
--smtp-server-option=<option>::
If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server option to use.
- Default value can be specified by the 'sendemail.smtpServerOption'
+ Default value can be specified by the `sendemail.smtpServerOption`
configuration option.
+
The --smtp-server-option option must be repeated for each option you want
@@ -234,13 +234,13 @@ must be used for each option.
certificates concatenated together: see verify(1) -CAfile and
-CApath for more information on these). Set it to an empty string
to disable certificate verification. Defaults to the value of the
- 'sendemail.smtpsslcertpath' configuration variable, if set, or the
+ `sendemail.smtpsslcertpath` configuration variable, if set, or the
backing SSL library's compiled-in default otherwise (which should
be the best choice on most platforms).
--smtp-user=<user>::
- Username for SMTP-AUTH. Default is the value of 'sendemail.smtpUser';
- if a username is not specified (with '--smtp-user' or 'sendemail.smtpUser'),
+ Username for SMTP-AUTH. Default is the value of `sendemail.smtpUser`;
+ if a username is not specified (with `--smtp-user` or `sendemail.smtpUser`),
then authentication is not attempted.
--smtp-debug=0|1::
@@ -261,25 +261,25 @@ Automating
Specify a command to execute once per patch file which
should generate patch file specific "Cc:" entries.
Output of this command must be single email address per line.
- Default is the value of 'sendemail.ccCmd' configuration value.
+ Default is the value of `sendemail.ccCmd` configuration value.
--[no-]chain-reply-to::
If this is set, each email will be sent as a reply to the previous
email sent. If disabled with "--no-chain-reply-to", all emails after
the first will be sent as replies to the first email sent. When using
this, it is recommended that the first file given be an overview of the
- entire patch series. Disabled by default, but the 'sendemail.chainReplyTo'
+ entire patch series. Disabled by default, but the `sendemail.chainReplyTo`
configuration variable can be used to enable it.
--identity=<identity>::
A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
'sendemail.<identity>' subsection to take precedence over
values in the 'sendemail' section. The default identity is
- the value of 'sendemail.identity'.
+ the value of `sendemail.identity`.
--[no-]signed-off-by-cc::
If this is set, add emails found in Signed-off-by: or Cc: lines to the
- cc list. Default is the value of 'sendemail.signedoffbycc' configuration
+ cc list. Default is the value of `sendemail.signedoffbycc` configuration
value; if that is unspecified, default to --signed-off-by-cc.
--[no-]cc-cover::
@@ -312,13 +312,13 @@ Automating
- 'all' will suppress all auto cc values.
--
+
-Default is the value of 'sendemail.suppresscc' configuration value; if
+Default is the value of `sendemail.suppresscc` configuration value; if
that is unspecified, default to 'self' if --suppress-from is
specified, as well as 'body' if --no-signed-off-cc is specified.
--[no-]suppress-from::
If this is set, do not add the From: address to the cc: list.
- Default is the value of 'sendemail.suppressFrom' configuration
+ Default is the value of `sendemail.suppressFrom` configuration
value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-suppress-from.
--[no-]thread::
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ specified, as well as 'body' if --no-signed-off-cc is specified.
+
If disabled with "--no-thread", those headers will not be added
(unless specified with --in-reply-to). Default is the value of the
-'sendemail.thread' configuration value; if that is unspecified,
+`sendemail.thread` configuration value; if that is unspecified,
default to --thread.
+
It is up to the user to ensure that no In-Reply-To header already
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ Administering
- 'auto' is equivalent to 'cc' + 'compose'
--
+
-Default is the value of 'sendemail.confirm' configuration value; if that
+Default is the value of `sendemail.confirm` configuration value; if that
is unspecified, default to 'auto' unless any of the suppress options
have been specified, in which case default to 'compose'.
@@ -364,8 +364,8 @@ have been specified, in which case default to 'compose'.
--[no-]format-patch::
When an argument may be understood either as a reference or as a file name,
- choose to understand it as a format-patch argument ('--format-patch')
- or as a file name ('--no-format-patch'). By default, when such a conflict
+ choose to understand it as a format-patch argument (`--format-patch`)
+ or as a file name (`--no-format-patch`). By default, when such a conflict
occurs, git send-email will fail.
--quiet::
@@ -381,8 +381,8 @@ have been specified, in which case default to 'compose'.
is due to SMTP limits as described by http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt.
--
+
-Default is the value of 'sendemail.validate'; if this is not set,
-default to '--validate'.
+Default is the value of `sendemail.validate`; if this is not set,
+default to `--validate`.
--force::
Send emails even if safety checks would prevent it.
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ CONFIGURATION
sendemail.aliasesFile::
To avoid typing long email addresses, point this to one or more
- email aliases files. You must also supply 'sendemail.aliasFileType'.
+ email aliases files. You must also supply `sendemail.aliasFileType`.
sendemail.aliasFileType::
Format of the file(s) specified in sendemail.aliasesFile. Must be
@@ -428,13 +428,13 @@ sendmail;;
sendemail.multiEdit::
If true (default), a single editor instance will be spawned to edit
- files you have to edit (patches when '--annotate' is used, and the
- summary when '--compose' is used). If false, files will be edited one
+ files you have to edit (patches when `--annotate` is used, and the
+ summary when `--compose` is used). If false, files will be edited one
after the other, spawning a new editor each time.
sendemail.confirm::
Sets the default for whether to confirm before sending. Must be
- one of 'always', 'never', 'cc', 'compose', or 'auto'. See '--confirm'
+ one of 'always', 'never', 'cc', 'compose', or 'auto'. See `--confirm`
in the previous section for the meaning of these values.
EXAMPLE
@@ -450,6 +450,19 @@ edit ~/.gitconfig to specify your account settings:
smtpUser = yourname@gmail.com
smtpServerPort = 587
+If you have multifactor authentication setup on your gmail account, you will
+need to generate an app-specific password for use with 'git send-email'. Visit
+https://security.google.com/settings/security/apppasswords to setup an
+app-specific password. Once setup, you can store it with the credentials
+helper:
+
+ $ git credential fill
+ protocol=smtp
+ host=smtp.gmail.com
+ username=youname@gmail.com
+ password=app-password
+
+
Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the
following commands:
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
index 6aa91e830c..a831dd0288 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ OPTIONS
option, then the refs from stdin are processed after those
on the command line.
+
-If '--stateless-rpc' is specified together with this option then
+If `--stateless-rpc` is specified together with this option then
the list of refs must be in packet format (pkt-line). Each ref must
be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
@@ -99,11 +99,11 @@ Specifying the Refs
There are three ways to specify which refs to update on the
remote end.
-With '--all' flag, all refs that exist locally are transferred to
+With `--all` flag, all refs that exist locally are transferred to
the remote side. You cannot specify any '<ref>' if you use
this flag.
-Without '--all' and without any '<ref>', the heads that exist
+Without `--all` and without any '<ref>', the heads that exist
both on the local side and on the remote side are updated.
When one or more '<ref>' are specified explicitly (whether on the
@@ -134,13 +134,13 @@ name. See linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
exist in the set of remote refs; the ref matched <src>
locally is used as the name of the destination.
-Without '--force', the <src> ref is stored at the remote only if
+Without `--force`, the <src> ref is stored at the remote only if
<dst> does not exist, or <dst> is a proper subset (i.e. an
ancestor) of <src>. This check, known as "fast-forward check",
is performed in order to avoid accidentally overwriting the
remote ref and lose other peoples' commits from there.
-With '--force', the fast-forward check is disabled for all refs.
+With `--force`, the fast-forward check is disabled for all refs.
Optionally, a <ref> parameter can be prefixed with a plus '+' sign
to disable the fast-forward check only on that ref.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
index 4f67c4cde6..8632612c31 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ usage::
die with the usage message.
set_reflog_action::
- Set GIT_REFLOG_ACTION environment to a given string (typically
+ Set `GIT_REFLOG_ACTION` environment to a given string (typically
the name of the program) unless it is already set. Whenever
the script runs a `git` command that updates refs, a reflog
entry is created using the value of this string to leave the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shell.txt b/Documentation/git-shell.txt
index e4bdd2235c..2e30a3e42d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shell.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shell.txt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ named `git-shell-commands` in the user's home directory.
COMMANDS
--------
-'git shell' accepts the following commands after the '-c' option:
+'git shell' accepts the following commands after the `-c` option:
'git receive-pack <argument>'::
'git upload-pack <argument>'::
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ directory.
INTERACTIVE USE
---------------
-By default, the commands above can be executed only with the '-c'
+By default, the commands above can be executed only with the `-c`
option; the shell is not interactive.
If a `~/git-shell-commands` directory is present, 'git shell'
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
index b91d4e545b..7818e0f098 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ OPTIONS
are shown before their parents).
--date-order::
- This option is similar to '--topo-order' in the sense that no
+ This option is similar to `--topo-order` in the sense that no
parent comes before all of its children, but otherwise commits
are ordered according to their commit date.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
index 3a32451984..c0aa871c9e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ OPTIONS
Enable stricter reference checking by requiring an exact ref path.
Aside from returning an error code of 1, it will also print an error
- message if '--quiet' was not specified.
+ message if `--quiet` was not specified.
--abbrev[=<n>]::
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ OPTIONS
-q::
--quiet::
- Do not print any results to stdout. When combined with '--verify' this
+ Do not print any results to stdout. When combined with `--verify` this
can be used to silently check if a reference exists.
--exclude-existing[=<pattern>]::
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ use:
This will show "refs/heads/master" but also "refs/remote/other-repo/master",
if such references exists.
-When using the '--verify' flag, the command requires an exact path:
+When using the `--verify` flag, the command requires an exact path:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
git show-ref --verify refs/heads/master
diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
index fb23a98a17..7e17cade7f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-svn.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
@@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ your Perl's Getopt::Long is < v2.37).
--ignore-paths=<regex>;;
When passed to 'init' or 'clone' this regular expression will
be preserved as a config key. See 'fetch' for a description
- of '--ignore-paths'.
+ of `--ignore-paths`.
--include-paths=<regex>;;
When passed to 'init' or 'clone' this regular expression will
be preserved as a config key. See 'fetch' for a description
- of '--include-paths'.
+ of `--include-paths`.
--no-minimize-url;;
When tracking multiple directories (using --stdlayout,
--branches, or --tags options), git svn will attempt to connect
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ your Perl's Getopt::Long is < v2.37).
repository. This default allows better tracking of history if
entire projects are moved within a repository, but may cause
issues on repositories where read access restrictions are in
- place. Passing '--no-minimize-url' will allow git svn to
+ place. Passing `--no-minimize-url` will allow git svn to
accept URLs as-is without attempting to connect to a higher
level directory. This option is off by default when only
one URL/branch is tracked (it would do little good).
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ the same local time zone.
--ignore-paths=<regex>;;
This allows one to specify a Perl regular expression that will
cause skipping of all matching paths from checkout from SVN.
- The '--ignore-paths' option should match for every 'fetch'
+ The `--ignore-paths` option should match for every 'fetch'
(including automatic fetches due to 'clone', 'dcommit',
'rebase', etc) on a given repository.
+
@@ -170,10 +170,10 @@ Skip "branches" and "tags" of first level directories;;
--include-paths=<regex>;;
This allows one to specify a Perl regular expression that will
cause the inclusion of only matching paths from checkout from SVN.
- The '--include-paths' option should match for every 'fetch'
+ The `--include-paths` option should match for every 'fetch'
(including automatic fetches due to 'clone', 'dcommit',
- 'rebase', etc) on a given repository. '--ignore-paths' takes
- precedence over '--include-paths'.
+ 'rebase', etc) on a given repository. `--ignore-paths` takes
+ precedence over `--include-paths`.
+
[verse]
config key: svn-remote.<name>.include-paths
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ config key: svn-remote.<name>.include-paths
or if a second argument is passed; it will create a directory
and work within that. It accepts all arguments that the
'init' and 'fetch' commands accept; with the exception of
- '--fetch-all' and '--parent'. After a repository is cloned,
+ `--fetch-all` and `--parent`. After a repository is cloned,
the 'fetch' command will be able to update revisions without
affecting the working tree; and the 'rebase' command will be
able to update the working tree with the latest changes.
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ it preserves linear history with 'git rebase' instead of
'git merge' for ease of dcommitting with 'git svn'.
+
This accepts all options that 'git svn fetch' and 'git rebase'
-accept. However, '--fetch-all' only fetches from the current
+accept. However, `--fetch-all` only fetches from the current
[svn-remote], and not all [svn-remote] definitions.
+
Like 'git rebase'; this requires that the working tree be clean
@@ -459,6 +459,20 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git log'
Gets the Subversion property given as the first argument, for a
file. A specific revision can be specified with -r/--revision.
+'propset'::
+ Sets the Subversion property given as the first argument, to the
+ value given as the second argument for the file given as the
+ third argument.
++
+Example:
++
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+git svn propset svn:keywords "FreeBSD=%H" devel/py-tipper/Makefile
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
++
+This will set the property 'svn:keywords' to 'FreeBSD=%H' for the file
+'devel/py-tipper/Makefile'.
+
'show-externals'::
Shows the Subversion externals. Use -r/--revision to specify a
specific revision.
@@ -748,7 +762,7 @@ svn-remote.<name>.rewriteUUID::
svn-remote.<name>.pushurl::
- Similar to Git's 'remote.<name>.pushurl', this key is designed
+ Similar to Git's `remote.<name>.pushurl`, this key is designed
to be used in cases where 'url' points to an SVN repository
via a read-only transport, to provide an alternate read/write
transport. It is assumed that both keys point to the same
@@ -905,7 +919,7 @@ parent of the branch. However, it is possible that there is no suitable
Git commit to serve as parent. This will happen, among other reasons,
if the SVN branch is a copy of a revision that was not fetched by 'git
svn' (e.g. because it is an old revision that was skipped with
-'--revision'), or if in SVN a directory was copied that is not tracked
+`--revision`), or if in SVN a directory was copied that is not tracked
by 'git svn' (such as a branch that is not tracked at all, or a
subdirectory of a tracked branch). In these cases, 'git svn' will still
create a Git branch, but instead of using an existing Git commit as the
@@ -982,12 +996,12 @@ directories in the working copy. While this is the easiest way to get a
copy of a complete repository, for projects with many branches it will
lead to a working copy many times larger than just the trunk. Thus for
projects using the standard directory structure (trunk/branches/tags),
-it is recommended to clone with option '--stdlayout'. If the project
+it is recommended to clone with option `--stdlayout`. If the project
uses a non-standard structure, and/or if branches and tags are not
required, it is easiest to only clone one directory (typically trunk),
without giving any repository layout options. If the full history with
-branches and tags is required, the options '--trunk' / '--branches' /
-'--tags' must be used.
+branches and tags is required, the options `--trunk` / `--branches` /
+`--tags` must be used.
When using multiple --branches or --tags, 'git svn' does not automatically
handle name collisions (for example, if two branches from different paths have
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
index abab4814ec..7ecca8e247 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ OPTIONS
-v::
--verify::
- Verify the gpg signature of the given tag names.
+ Verify the GPG signature of the given tag names.
-n<num>::
<num> specifies how many lines from the annotation, if any,
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ OPTIONS
order can also be affected by the
"versionsort.prereleaseSuffix" configuration variable.
The keys supported are the same as those in `git for-each-ref`.
- Sort order defaults to the value configured for the 'tag.sort'
+ Sort order defaults to the value configured for the `tag.sort`
variable if it exists, or lexicographic order otherwise. See
linkgit:git-config[1].
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ This option is only applicable when listing tags without annotation lines.
--[no-]merged [<commit>]::
Only list tags whose tips are reachable, or not reachable
- if '--no-merged' is used, from the specified commit ('HEAD'
+ if `--no-merged` is used, from the specified commit (`HEAD`
if not specified).
CONFIGURATION
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
index c6cbed189c..7386c93162 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ thus, in case the assumed-untracked file is changed upstream,
you will need to handle the situation manually.
--really-refresh::
- Like '--refresh', but checks stat information unconditionally,
+ Like `--refresh`, but checks stat information unconditionally,
without regard to the "assume unchanged" setting.
--[no-]skip-worktree::
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ will remove the intended effect of the option.
Using --refresh
---------------
-'--refresh' does not calculate a new sha1 file or bring the index
+`--refresh` does not calculate a new sha1 file or bring the index
up-to-date for mode/content changes. But what it *does* do is to
"re-match" the stat information of a file with the index, so that you
can refresh the index for a file that hasn't been changed but where
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ up the stat index details with the proper files.
Using --cacheinfo or --info-only
--------------------------------
-'--cacheinfo' is used to register a file that is not in the
+`--cacheinfo` is used to register a file that is not in the
current working directory. This is useful for minimum-checkout
merging.
@@ -232,12 +232,12 @@ To pretend you have a file with mode and sha1 at path, say:
$ git update-index --cacheinfo <mode>,<sha1>,<path>
----------------
-'--info-only' is used to register files without placing them in the object
+`--info-only` is used to register files without placing them in the object
database. This is useful for status-only repositories.
-Both '--cacheinfo' and '--info-only' behave similarly: the index is updated
-but the object database isn't. '--cacheinfo' is useful when the object is
-in the database but the file isn't available locally. '--info-only' is
+Both `--cacheinfo` and `--info-only` behave similarly: the index is updated
+but the object database isn't. `--cacheinfo` is useful when the object is
+in the database but the file isn't available locally. `--info-only` is
useful when the file is available, but you do not wish to update the
object database.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-verify-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-verify-commit.txt
index ecf4da16cf..92097f6673 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-verify-commit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-verify-commit.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
-----------
-Validates the gpg signature created by 'git commit -S'.
+Validates the GPG signature created by 'git commit -S'.
OPTIONS
-------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt b/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
index 16ede5b4c3..2d6b09a43c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ CONF.VAR (from -c option) and web.browser
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The web browser can be specified using a configuration variable passed
-with the -c (or --config) command-line option, or the 'web.browser'
+with the -c (or --config) command-line option, or the `web.browser`
configuration variable if the former is not used.
browser.<tool>.path
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You can explicitly provide a full path to your preferred browser by
-setting the configuration variable 'browser.<tool>.path'. For example,
+setting the configuration variable `browser.<tool>.path`. For example,
you can configure the absolute path to firefox by setting
'browser.firefox.path'. Otherwise, 'git web{litdd}browse' assumes the tool
is available in PATH.
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ browser.<tool>.cmd
When the browser, specified by options or configuration variables, is
not among the supported ones, then the corresponding
-'browser.<tool>.cmd' configuration variable will be looked up. If this
+`browser.<tool>.cmd` configuration variable will be looked up. If this
variable exists then 'git web{litdd}browse' will treat the specified tool
as a custom command and will use a shell eval to run the command with
the URLs passed as arguments.
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ Note about git-config --global
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Note that these configuration variables should probably be set using
-the '--global' flag, for example like this:
+the `--global` flag, for example like this:
------------------------------------------------
$ git config --global web.browser firefox
diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index dd6dbf7dd9..ff25701d4e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ page to learn what commands Git offers. You can learn more about
individual Git commands with "git help command". linkgit:gitcli[7]
manual page gives you an overview of the command-line command syntax.
-Formatted and hyperlinked version of the latest Git documentation
-can be viewed at `http://git-htmldocs.googlecode.com/git/git.html`.
+A formatted and hyperlinked copy of the latest Git documentation
+can be viewed at `https://git.github.io/htmldocs/git.html`.
ifdef::stalenotes[]
[NOTE]
@@ -43,9 +43,17 @@ unreleased) version of Git, that is available from the 'master'
branch of the `git.git` repository.
Documentation for older releases are available here:
-* link:v2.8.3/git.html[documentation for release 2.8.3]
+* link:v2.9.2/git.html[documentation for release 2.9.2]
* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/2.9.2.txt[2.9.2],
+ link:RelNotes/2.9.1.txt[2.9.1],
+ link:RelNotes/2.9.0.txt[2.9].
+
+* link:v2.8.4/git.html[documentation for release 2.8.4]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/2.8.4.txt[2.8.4],
link:RelNotes/2.8.3.txt[2.8.3],
link:RelNotes/2.8.2.txt[2.8.2],
link:RelNotes/2.8.1.txt[2.8.1],
@@ -507,7 +515,7 @@ OPTIONS
--help::
Prints the synopsis and a list of the most commonly used
- commands. If the option '--all' or '-a' is given then all
+ commands. If the option `--all` or `-a` is given then all
available commands are printed. If a Git command is named this
option will bring up the manual page for that command.
+
@@ -571,7 +579,7 @@ foo.bar= ...`) sets `foo.bar` to the empty string.
--git-dir=<path>::
Set the path to the repository. This can also be controlled by
- setting the GIT_DIR environment variable. It can be an absolute
+ setting the `GIT_DIR` environment variable. It can be an absolute
path or relative path to current working directory.
--work-tree=<path>::
@@ -821,46 +829,46 @@ These environment variables apply to 'all' core Git commands. Nb: it
is worth noting that they may be used/overridden by SCMS sitting above
Git so take care if using a foreign front-end.
-'GIT_INDEX_FILE'::
+`GIT_INDEX_FILE`::
This environment allows the specification of an alternate
index file. If not specified, the default of `$GIT_DIR/index`
is used.
-'GIT_INDEX_VERSION'::
+`GIT_INDEX_VERSION`::
This environment variable allows the specification of an index
version for new repositories. It won't affect existing index
files. By default index file version 2 or 3 is used. See
linkgit:git-update-index[1] for more information.
-'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY'::
+`GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY`::
If the object storage directory is specified via this
environment variable then the sha1 directories are created
underneath - otherwise the default `$GIT_DIR/objects`
directory is used.
-'GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES'::
+`GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES`::
Due to the immutable nature of Git objects, old objects can be
archived into shared, read-only directories. This variable
specifies a ":" separated (on Windows ";" separated) list
of Git object directories which can be used to search for Git
objects. New objects will not be written to these directories.
-'GIT_DIR'::
- If the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable is set then it
+`GIT_DIR`::
+ If the `GIT_DIR` environment variable is set then it
specifies a path to use instead of the default `.git`
for the base of the repository.
- The '--git-dir' command-line option also sets this value.
+ The `--git-dir` command-line option also sets this value.
-'GIT_WORK_TREE'::
+`GIT_WORK_TREE`::
Set the path to the root of the working tree.
- This can also be controlled by the '--work-tree' command-line
+ This can also be controlled by the `--work-tree` command-line
option and the core.worktree configuration variable.
-'GIT_NAMESPACE'::
+`GIT_NAMESPACE`::
Set the Git namespace; see linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for details.
- The '--namespace' command-line option also sets this value.
+ The `--namespace` command-line option also sets this value.
-'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES'::
+`GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES`::
This should be a colon-separated list of absolute paths. If
set, it is a list of directories that Git should not chdir up
into while looking for a repository directory (useful for
@@ -873,19 +881,19 @@ Git so take care if using a foreign front-end.
can add an empty entry to the list to tell Git that the
subsequent entries are not symlinks and needn't be resolved;
e.g.,
- 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=/maybe/symlink::/very/slow/non/symlink'.
+ `GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=/maybe/symlink::/very/slow/non/symlink`.
-'GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM'::
+`GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM`::
When run in a directory that does not have ".git" repository
directory, Git tries to find such a directory in the parent
directories to find the top of the working tree, but by default it
does not cross filesystem boundaries. This environment variable
can be set to true to tell Git not to stop at filesystem
- boundaries. Like 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES', this will not affect
- an explicit repository directory set via 'GIT_DIR' or on the
+ boundaries. Like `GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES`, this will not affect
+ an explicit repository directory set via `GIT_DIR` or on the
command line.
-'GIT_COMMON_DIR'::
+`GIT_COMMON_DIR`::
If this variable is set to a path, non-worktree files that are
normally in $GIT_DIR will be taken from this path
instead. Worktree-specific files such as HEAD or index are
@@ -896,28 +904,28 @@ Git so take care if using a foreign front-end.
Git Commits
~~~~~~~~~~~
-'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME'::
-'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL'::
-'GIT_AUTHOR_DATE'::
-'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME'::
-'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL'::
-'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE'::
+`GIT_AUTHOR_NAME`::
+`GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL`::
+`GIT_AUTHOR_DATE`::
+`GIT_COMMITTER_NAME`::
+`GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL`::
+`GIT_COMMITTER_DATE`::
'EMAIL'::
see linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]
Git Diffs
~~~~~~~~~
-'GIT_DIFF_OPTS'::
+`GIT_DIFF_OPTS`::
Only valid setting is "--unified=??" or "-u??" to set the
number of context lines shown when a unified diff is created.
This takes precedence over any "-U" or "--unified" option
value passed on the Git diff command line.
-'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF'::
- When the environment variable 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is set, the
+`GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF`::
+ When the environment variable `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` is set, the
program named by it is called, instead of the diff invocation
described above. For a path that is added, removed, or modified,
- 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called with 7 parameters:
+ `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` is called with 7 parameters:
path old-file old-hex old-mode new-file new-hex new-mode
+
@@ -931,49 +939,49 @@ where:
The file parameters can point at the user's working file
(e.g. `new-file` in "git-diff-files"), `/dev/null` (e.g. `old-file`
when a new file is added), or a temporary file (e.g. `old-file` in the
-index). 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' should not worry about unlinking the
-temporary file --- it is removed when 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' exits.
+index). `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` should not worry about unlinking the
+temporary file --- it is removed when `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` exits.
+
-For a path that is unmerged, 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called with 1
+For a path that is unmerged, `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` is called with 1
parameter, <path>.
+
-For each path 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called, two environment variables,
-'GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER' and 'GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL' are set.
+For each path `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` is called, two environment variables,
+`GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER` and `GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL` are set.
-'GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER'::
+`GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER`::
A 1-based counter incremented by one for every path.
-'GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL'::
+`GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL`::
The total number of paths.
other
~~~~~
-'GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY'::
+`GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY`::
A number controlling the amount of output shown by
the recursive merge strategy. Overrides merge.verbosity.
See linkgit:git-merge[1]
-'GIT_PAGER'::
+`GIT_PAGER`::
This environment variable overrides `$PAGER`. If it is set
to an empty string or to the value "cat", Git will not launch
a pager. See also the `core.pager` option in
linkgit:git-config[1].
-'GIT_EDITOR'::
+`GIT_EDITOR`::
This environment variable overrides `$EDITOR` and `$VISUAL`.
It is used by several Git commands when, on interactive mode,
an editor is to be launched. See also linkgit:git-var[1]
and the `core.editor` option in linkgit:git-config[1].
-'GIT_SSH'::
-'GIT_SSH_COMMAND'::
+`GIT_SSH`::
+`GIT_SSH_COMMAND`::
If either of these environment variables is set then 'git fetch'
and 'git push' will use the specified command instead of 'ssh'
when they need to connect to a remote system.
The command will be given exactly two or four arguments: the
'username@host' (or just 'host') from the URL and the shell
command to execute on that remote system, optionally preceded by
- '-p' (literally) and the 'port' from the URL when it specifies
+ `-p` (literally) and the 'port' from the URL when it specifies
something other than the default SSH port.
+
`$GIT_SSH_COMMAND` takes precedence over `$GIT_SSH`, and is interpreted
@@ -986,18 +994,18 @@ Usually it is easier to configure any desired options through your
personal `.ssh/config` file. Please consult your ssh documentation
for further details.
-'GIT_ASKPASS'::
+`GIT_ASKPASS`::
If this environment variable is set, then Git commands which need to
acquire passwords or passphrases (e.g. for HTTP or IMAP authentication)
will call this program with a suitable prompt as command-line argument
- and read the password from its STDOUT. See also the 'core.askPass'
+ and read the password from its STDOUT. See also the `core.askPass`
option in linkgit:git-config[1].
-'GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT'::
+`GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT`::
If this environment variable is set to `0`, git will not prompt
on the terminal (e.g., when asking for HTTP authentication).
-'GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM'::
+`GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM`::
Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
`$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file. This environment variable can
be used along with `$HOME` and `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` to create a
@@ -1005,7 +1013,7 @@ for further details.
temporarily to avoid using a buggy `/etc/gitconfig` file while
waiting for someone with sufficient permissions to fix it.
-'GIT_FLUSH'::
+`GIT_FLUSH`::
If this environment variable is set to "1", then commands such
as 'git blame' (in incremental mode), 'git rev-list', 'git log',
'git check-attr' and 'git check-ignore' will
@@ -1016,7 +1024,7 @@ for further details.
not set, Git will choose buffered or record-oriented flushing
based on whether stdout appears to be redirected to a file or not.
-'GIT_TRACE'::
+`GIT_TRACE`::
Enables general trace messages, e.g. alias expansion, built-in
command execution and external command execution.
+
@@ -1037,21 +1045,21 @@ into it.
Unsetting the variable, or setting it to empty, "0" or
"false" (case insensitive) disables trace messages.
-'GIT_TRACE_PACK_ACCESS'::
+`GIT_TRACE_PACK_ACCESS`::
Enables trace messages for all accesses to any packs. For each
access, the pack file name and an offset in the pack is
recorded. This may be helpful for troubleshooting some
pack-related performance problems.
- See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+ See `GIT_TRACE` for available trace output options.
-'GIT_TRACE_PACKET'::
+`GIT_TRACE_PACKET`::
Enables trace messages for all packets coming in or out of a
given program. This can help with debugging object negotiation
or other protocol issues. Tracing is turned off at a packet
- starting with "PACK" (but see 'GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE' below).
- See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+ starting with "PACK" (but see `GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE` below).
+ See `GIT_TRACE` for available trace output options.
-'GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE'::
+`GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE`::
Enables tracing of packfiles sent or received by a
given program. Unlike other trace output, this trace is
verbatim: no headers, and no quoting of binary data. You almost
@@ -1062,22 +1070,22 @@ Unsetting the variable, or setting it to empty, "0" or
Note that this is currently only implemented for the client side
of clones and fetches.
-'GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE'::
+`GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE`::
Enables performance related trace messages, e.g. total execution
time of each Git command.
- See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+ See `GIT_TRACE` for available trace output options.
-'GIT_TRACE_SETUP'::
+`GIT_TRACE_SETUP`::
Enables trace messages printing the .git, working tree and current
working directory after Git has completed its setup phase.
- See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+ See `GIT_TRACE` for available trace output options.
-'GIT_TRACE_SHALLOW'::
+`GIT_TRACE_SHALLOW`::
Enables trace messages that can help debugging fetching /
cloning of shallow repositories.
- See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+ See `GIT_TRACE` for available trace output options.
-'GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS'::
+`GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS`::
Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. For example,
running `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS=1 git log -- '*.c'` will search
@@ -1086,19 +1094,19 @@ of clones and fetches.
literal paths to Git (e.g., paths previously given to you by
`git ls-tree`, `--raw` diff output, etc).
-'GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS'::
+`GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS`::
Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
pathspecs as glob patterns (aka "glob" magic).
-'GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS'::
+`GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS`::
Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
pathspecs as literal (aka "literal" magic).
-'GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS'::
+`GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS`::
Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
pathspecs as case-insensitive.
-'GIT_REFLOG_ACTION'::
+`GIT_REFLOG_ACTION`::
When a ref is updated, reflog entries are created to keep
track of the reason why the ref was updated (which is
typically the name of the high-level command that updated
@@ -1108,7 +1116,7 @@ of clones and fetches.
variable when it is invoked as the top level command by the
end user, to be recorded in the body of the reflog.
-'GIT_REF_PARANOIA'::
+`GIT_REF_PARANOIA`::
If set to `1`, include broken or badly named refs when iterating
over lists of refs. In a normal, non-corrupted repository, this
does nothing. However, enabling it may help git to detect and
@@ -1119,7 +1127,7 @@ of clones and fetches.
an operation has touched every ref (e.g., because you are
cloning a repository to make a backup).
-'GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL'::
+`GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL`::
If set, provide a colon-separated list of protocols which are
allowed to be used with fetch/push/clone. This is useful to
restrict recursive submodule initialization from an untrusted
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
index 15b3bfa8db..4546fa0d75 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
@@ -949,7 +949,7 @@ for details.
[NOTE]
If there were more commits on the 'master' branch after the merge, the
merge commit itself would not be shown by 'git show-branch' by
-default. You would need to provide '--sparse' option to make the
+default. You would need to provide `--sparse` option to make the
merge commit visible in this case.
Now, let's pretend you are the one who did all the work in
diff --git a/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
index c579593e55..08cf62278e 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ The 'git diff-{asterisk}' family works by first comparing two sets of
files:
- 'git diff-index' compares contents of a "tree" object and the
- working directory (when '--cached' flag is not used) or a
- "tree" object and the index file (when '--cached' flag is
+ working directory (when `--cached` flag is not used) or a
+ "tree" object and the index file (when `--cached` flag is
used);
- 'git diff-files' compares contents of the index file and the
diff --git a/Documentation/gitignore.txt b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
index 473623d631..63260f0056 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitignore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ precedence, the last matching pattern decides the outcome):
* Patterns read from `$GIT_DIR/info/exclude`.
* Patterns read from the file specified by the configuration
- variable 'core.excludesFile'.
+ variable `core.excludesFile`.
Which file to place a pattern in depends on how the pattern is meant to
be used.
diff --git a/Documentation/gitk.txt b/Documentation/gitk.txt
index 6ade002176..a68d860fa3 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitk.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitk.txt
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ linkgit:git-rev-list[1] for a complete list.
--simplify-merges::
- Additional option to '--full-history' to remove some needless
+ Additional option to `--full-history` to remove some needless
merges from the resulting history, as there are no selected
commits contributing to this merge. (See "History
simplification" in linkgit:git-log[1] for a more detailed
diff --git a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
index ac70eca321..07cdd73ab2 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ of linkgit:git-config[1].
The file contains one subsection per submodule, and the subsection value
is the name of the submodule. The name is set to the path where the
-submodule has been added unless it was customized with the '--name'
+submodule has been added unless it was customized with the `--name`
option of 'git submodule add'. Each submodule section also contains the
following required keys:
diff --git a/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt b/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt
index 78e0b27c18..a4de50ad22 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ arguments. The first argument specifies a remote repository as in Git;
it is either the name of a configured remote or a URL. The second
argument specifies a URL; it is usually of the form
'<transport>://<address>', but any arbitrary string is possible.
-The 'GIT_DIR' environment variable is set up for the remote helper
+The `GIT_DIR` environment variable is set up for the remote helper
and can be used to determine where to store additional data or from
which directory to invoke auxiliary Git commands.
@@ -61,10 +61,10 @@ argument. If such a URL is encountered directly on the command line,
the first argument is '<address>', and if it is encountered in a
configured remote, the first argument is the name of that remote.
-Additionally, when a configured remote has 'remote.<name>.vcs' set to
+Additionally, when a configured remote has `remote.<name>.vcs` set to
'<transport>', Git explicitly invokes 'git remote-<transport>' with
'<name>' as the first argument. If set, the second argument is
-'remote.<name>.url'; otherwise, the second argument is omitted.
+`remote.<name>.url`; otherwise, the second argument is omitted.
INPUT FORMAT
------------
@@ -210,17 +210,17 @@ the remote repository.
'export-marks' <file>::
This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing Git to dump the
internal marks table to <file> when complete. For details,
- read up on '--export-marks=<file>' in linkgit:git-fast-export[1].
+ read up on `--export-marks=<file>` in linkgit:git-fast-export[1].
'import-marks' <file>::
This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing Git to load the
marks specified in <file> before processing any input. For details,
- read up on '--import-marks=<file>' in linkgit:git-fast-export[1].
+ read up on `--import-marks=<file>` in linkgit:git-fast-export[1].
'signed-tags'::
This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing Git to pass
- '--signed-tags=verbatim' to linkgit:git-fast-export[1]. In the
- absence of this capability, Git will use '--signed-tags=warn-strip'.
+ `--signed-tags=verbatim` to linkgit:git-fast-export[1]. In the
+ absence of this capability, Git will use `--signed-tags=warn-strip`.
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ Supported if the helper has the "fetch" capability.
is followed by a blank line). For example, the following would
be two batches of 'push', the first asking the remote-helper
to push the local ref 'master' to the remote ref 'master' and
- the local 'HEAD' to the remote 'branch', and the second
+ the local `HEAD` to the remote 'branch', and the second
asking to push ref 'foo' to ref 'bar' (forced update requested
by the '+').
+
diff --git a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt
index 8a42270074..a79e350246 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ $site_name::
Name of your site or organization, to appear in page titles. Set it
to something descriptive for clearer bookmarks etc. If this variable
is not set or is, then gitweb uses the value of the `SERVER_NAME`
- CGI environment variable, setting site name to "$SERVER_NAME Git",
+ `CGI` environment variable, setting site name to "$SERVER_NAME Git",
or "Untitled Git" if this variable is not set (e.g. if running gitweb
as standalone script).
+
diff --git a/Documentation/gitweb.txt b/Documentation/gitweb.txt
index cd9c8951b2..96156e5e1f 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitweb.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitweb.txt
@@ -206,8 +206,8 @@ $export_auth_hook = sub {
Per-repository gitweb configuration
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You can configure individual repositories shown in gitweb by creating file
-in the 'GIT_DIR' of Git repository, or by setting some repo configuration
-variable (in 'GIT_DIR/config', see linkgit:git-config[1]).
+in the `GIT_DIR` of Git repository, or by setting some repo configuration
+variable (in `GIT_DIR/config`, see linkgit:git-config[1]).
You can use the following files in repository:
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt b/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt
index 6d772bd927..15a4c8031f 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ your language, document it in the INSTALL file.
6. There is a file command-list.txt in the distribution main directory
that categorizes commands by type, so they can be listed in appropriate
subsections in the documentation's summary command list. Add an entry
-for yours. To understand the categories, look at git-commands.txt
+for yours. To understand the categories, look at command-list.txt
in the main directory. If the new command is part of the typical Git
workflow and you believe it common enough to be mentioned in 'git help',
map this command to a common group in the column [common].
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-config.txt b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
index 002ca58c21..df3ea3779b 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ merge.verbosity::
message if conflicts were detected. Level 1 outputs only
conflicts, 2 outputs conflicts and file changes. Level 5 and
above outputs debugging information. The default is level 2.
- Can be overridden by the 'GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY' environment variable.
+ Can be overridden by the `GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY` environment variable.
merge.<driver>.name::
Defines a human-readable name for a custom low-level
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
index 6c67182728..e44fc8f738 100644
--- a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ people using 80-column terminals.
--no-abbrev-commit::
Show the full 40-byte hexadecimal commit object name. This negates
`--abbrev-commit` and those options which imply it such as
- "--oneline". It also overrides the 'log.abbrevCommit' variable.
+ "--oneline". It also overrides the `log.abbrevCommit` variable.
--oneline::
This is a shorthand for "--pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit"
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ ifndef::git-rev-list[]
on the command line.
+
By default, the notes shown are from the notes refs listed in the
-'core.notesRef' and 'notes.displayRef' variables (or corresponding
+`core.notesRef` and `notes.displayRef` variables (or corresponding
environment overrides). See linkgit:git-config[1] for more details.
+
With an optional '<treeish>' argument, use the treeish to find the notes
diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
index 4f009d4424..c5bd21812d 100644
--- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ endif::git-rev-list[]
--stdin::
In addition to the '<commit>' listed on the command
- line, read them from the standard input. If a '--' separator is
+ line, read them from the standard input. If a `--` separator is
seen, stop reading commits and start reading paths to limit the
result.
diff --git a/Documentation/revisions.txt b/Documentation/revisions.txt
index 19314e3b7f..abae363983 100644
--- a/Documentation/revisions.txt
+++ b/Documentation/revisions.txt
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ blobs contained in a commit.
first match in the following rules:
. If '$GIT_DIR/<refname>' exists, that is what you mean (this is usually
- useful only for 'HEAD', 'FETCH_HEAD', 'ORIG_HEAD', 'MERGE_HEAD'
- and 'CHERRY_PICK_HEAD');
+ useful only for `HEAD`, `FETCH_HEAD`, `ORIG_HEAD`, `MERGE_HEAD`
+ and `CHERRY_PICK_HEAD`);
. otherwise, 'refs/<refname>' if it exists;
@@ -41,16 +41,16 @@ blobs contained in a commit.
. otherwise, 'refs/remotes/<refname>/HEAD' if it exists.
+
-'HEAD' names the commit on which you based the changes in the working tree.
-'FETCH_HEAD' records the branch which you fetched from a remote repository
+`HEAD` names the commit on which you based the changes in the working tree.
+`FETCH_HEAD` records the branch which you fetched from a remote repository
with your last `git fetch` invocation.
-'ORIG_HEAD' is created by commands that move your 'HEAD' in a drastic
-way, to record the position of the 'HEAD' before their operation, so that
+`ORIG_HEAD` is created by commands that move your `HEAD` in a drastic
+way, to record the position of the `HEAD` before their operation, so that
you can easily change the tip of the branch back to the state before you ran
them.
-'MERGE_HEAD' records the commit(s) which you are merging into your branch
+`MERGE_HEAD` records the commit(s) which you are merging into your branch
when you run `git merge`.
-'CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' records the commit which you are cherry-picking
+`CHERRY_PICK_HEAD` records the commit which you are cherry-picking
when you run `git cherry-pick`.
+
Note that any of the 'refs/*' cases above may come either from
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ While the ref name encoding is unspecified, UTF-8 is preferred as
some output processing may assume ref names in UTF-8.
'@'::
- '@' alone is a shortcut for 'HEAD'.
+ '@' alone is a shortcut for `HEAD`.
'<refname>@{<date>}', e.g. 'master@\{yesterday\}', 'HEAD@{5 minutes ago}'::
A ref followed by the suffix '@' with a date specification
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ some output processing may assume ref names in UTF-8.
existing log ('$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>'). Note that this looks up the state
of your *local* ref at a given time; e.g., what was in your local
'master' branch last week. If you want to look at commits made during
- certain times, see '--since' and '--until'.
+ certain times, see `--since` and `--until`.
'<refname>@{<n>}', e.g. 'master@\{1\}'::
A ref followed by the suffix '@' with an ordinal specification
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ some output processing may assume ref names in UTF-8.
'<branchname>@\{push\}', e.g. 'master@\{push\}', '@\{push\}'::
The suffix '@\{push}' reports the branch "where we would push to" if
`git push` were run while `branchname` was checked out (or the current
- 'HEAD' if no branchname is specified). Since our push destination is
+ `HEAD` if no branchname is specified). Since our push destination is
in a remote repository, of course, we report the local tracking branch
that corresponds to that branch (i.e., something in 'refs/remotes/').
+
@@ -283,12 +283,12 @@ To summarize:
'<rev1>..<rev2>'::
Include commits that are reachable from <rev2> but exclude
those that are reachable from <rev1>. When either <rev1> or
- <rev2> is omitted, it defaults to 'HEAD'.
+ <rev2> is omitted, it defaults to `HEAD`.
'<rev1>\...<rev2>'::
Include commits that are reachable from either <rev1> or
<rev2> but exclude those that are reachable from both. When
- either <rev1> or <rev2> is omitted, it defaults to 'HEAD'.
+ either <rev1> or <rev2> is omitted, it defaults to `HEAD`.
'<rev>{caret}@', e.g. 'HEAD{caret}@'::
A suffix '{caret}' followed by an at sign is the same as listing
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/signature-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/signature-format.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c9406a56a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/signature-format.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+Git signature format
+====================
+
+== Overview
+
+Git uses cryptographic signatures in various places, currently objects (tags,
+commits, mergetags) and transactions (pushes). In every case, the command which
+is about to create an object or transaction determines a payload from that,
+calls gpg to obtain a detached signature for the payload (`gpg -bsa`) and
+embeds the signature into the object or transaction.
+
+Signatures always begin with `-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----`
+and end with `-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----`, unless gpg is told to
+produce RFC1991 signatures which use `MESSAGE` instead of `SIGNATURE`.
+
+The signed payload and the way the signature is embedded depends
+on the type of the object resp. transaction.
+
+== Tag signatures
+
+- created by: `git tag -s`
+- payload: annotated tag object
+- embedding: append the signature to the unsigned tag object
+- example: tag `signedtag` with subject `signed tag`
+
+----
+object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
+type commit
+tag signedtag
+tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981006 +0000
+
+signed tag
+
+signed tag message body
+-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+Version: GnuPG v1
+
+iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRhOAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJklkIAIcnhL7RwEb/+QeX9enkXhxn
+rxfdqrvWd1K80sl2TOt8Bg/NYwrUBw/RWJ+sg/hhHp4WtvE1HDGHlkEz3y11Lkuh
+8tSxS3qKTxXUGozyPGuE90sJfExhZlW4knIQ1wt/yWqM+33E9pN4hzPqLwyrdods
+q8FWEqPPUbSJXoMbRPw04S5jrLtZSsUWbRYjmJCHzlhSfFWW4eFd37uquIaLUBS0
+rkC3Jrx7420jkIpgFcTI2s60uhSQLzgcCwdA2ukSYIRnjg/zDkj8+3h/GaROJ72x
+lZyI6HWixKJkWw8lE9aAOD9TmTW9sFJwcVAzmAuFX2kUreDUKMZduGcoRYGpD7E=
+=jpXa
+-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+----
+
+- verify with: `git verify-tag [-v]` or `git tag -v`
+
+----
+gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:56:46 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
+gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
+gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
+gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
+Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA 29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
+object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
+type commit
+tag signedtag
+tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981006 +0000
+
+signed tag
+
+signed tag message body
+----
+
+== Commit signatures
+
+- created by: `git commit -S`
+- payload: commit object
+- embedding: header entry `gpgsig`
+ (content is preceded by a space)
+- example: commit with subject `signed commit`
+
+----
+tree eebfed94e75e7760540d1485c740902590a00332
+parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
+author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
+committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
+gpgsig -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+ Version: GnuPG v1
+
+ iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRjRAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJ3IwIAIY4SA6GxY3BjL60YyvsJPh/
+ HRCJwH+w7wt3Yc/9/bW2F+gF72kdHOOs2jfv+OZhq0q4OAN6fvVSczISY/82LpS7
+ DVdMQj2/YcHDT4xrDNBnXnviDO9G7am/9OE77kEbXrp7QPxvhjkicHNwy2rEflAA
+ zn075rtEERDHr8nRYiDh8eVrefSO7D+bdQ7gv+7GsYMsd2auJWi1dHOSfTr9HIF4
+ HJhWXT9d2f8W+diRYXGh4X0wYiGg6na/soXc+vdtDYBzIxanRqjg8jCAeo1eOTk1
+ EdTwhcTZlI0x5pvJ3H0+4hA2jtldVtmPM4OTB0cTrEWBad7XV6YgiyuII73Ve3I=
+ =jKHM
+ -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+
+signed commit
+
+signed commit message body
+----
+
+- verify with: `git verify-commit [-v]` (or `git show --show-signature`)
+
+----
+gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:58:57 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
+gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
+gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
+gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
+Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA 29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
+tree eebfed94e75e7760540d1485c740902590a00332
+parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
+author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
+committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
+
+signed commit
+
+signed commit message body
+----
+
+== Mergetag signatures
+
+- created by: `git merge` on signed tag
+- payload/embedding: the whole signed tag object is embedded into
+ the (merge) commit object as header entry `mergetag`
+- example: merge of the signed tag `signedtag` as above
+
+----
+tree c7b1cff039a93f3600a1d18b82d26688668c7dea
+parent c33429be94b5f2d3ee9b0adad223f877f174b05d
+parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
+author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1465982009 +0000
+committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465982009 +0000
+mergetag object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
+ type commit
+ tag signedtag
+ tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981006 +0000
+
+ signed tag
+
+ signed tag message body
+ -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+ Version: GnuPG v1
+
+ iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRhOAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJklkIAIcnhL7RwEb/+QeX9enkXhxn
+ rxfdqrvWd1K80sl2TOt8Bg/NYwrUBw/RWJ+sg/hhHp4WtvE1HDGHlkEz3y11Lkuh
+ 8tSxS3qKTxXUGozyPGuE90sJfExhZlW4knIQ1wt/yWqM+33E9pN4hzPqLwyrdods
+ q8FWEqPPUbSJXoMbRPw04S5jrLtZSsUWbRYjmJCHzlhSfFWW4eFd37uquIaLUBS0
+ rkC3Jrx7420jkIpgFcTI2s60uhSQLzgcCwdA2ukSYIRnjg/zDkj8+3h/GaROJ72x
+ lZyI6HWixKJkWw8lE9aAOD9TmTW9sFJwcVAzmAuFX2kUreDUKMZduGcoRYGpD7E=
+ =jpXa
+ -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
+
+Merge tag 'signedtag' into downstream
+
+signed tag
+
+signed tag message body
+
+# gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 08:56:46 2016 UTC using RSA key ID B7227189
+# gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
+# gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
+# gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
+# Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA 29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
+----
+
+- verify with: verification is embedded in merge commit message by default,
+ alternatively with `git show --show-signature`:
+
+----
+commit 9863f0c76ff78712b6800e199a46aa56afbcbd49
+merged tag 'signedtag'
+gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:56:46 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
+gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
+gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
+gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
+Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA 29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
+Merge: c33429b 04b8717
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Wed Jun 15 09:13:29 2016 +0000
+
+ Merge tag 'signedtag' into downstream
+
+ signed tag
+
+ signed tag message body
+
+ # gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 08:56:46 2016 UTC using RSA key ID B7227189
+ # gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
+ # gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
+ # gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
+ # Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA 29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
+----