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-rw-r--r--Documentation/CodingGuidelines7
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.0.txt129
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.1.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt183
-rw-r--r--Documentation/SubmittingPatches89
-rw-r--r--Documentation/config.txt35
-rw-r--r--Documentation/config/advice.txt3
-rw-r--r--Documentation/config/branch.txt3
-rw-r--r--Documentation/config/fetch.txt25
-rw-r--r--Documentation/config/gpg.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/config/stash.txt7
-rw-r--r--Documentation/config/submodule.txt37
-rw-r--r--Documentation/diff-options.txt21
-rw-r--r--Documentation/fetch-options.txt1
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-am.txt16
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-branch.txt41
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-cat-file.txt10
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt10
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-checkout.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-format-patch.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-hook.txt45
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-ls-files.txt5
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-merge.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-mktree.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-name-rev.txt30
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-repack.txt5
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-switch.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitattributes.txt11
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitcli.txt19
-rw-r--r--Documentation/githooks.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/rev-list-options.txt22
-rw-r--r--Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt1
-rw-r--r--Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt13
35 files changed, 713 insertions, 103 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
index 0e27b5395d..c37c43186e 100644
--- a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
+++ b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
@@ -26,6 +26,13 @@ code. For Git in general, a few rough rules are:
go and fix it up."
Cf. http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1001.3/01069.html
+ - Log messages to explain your changes are as important as the
+ changes themselves. Clearly written code and in-code comments
+ explain how the code works and what is assumed from the surrounding
+ context. The log messages explain what the changes wanted to
+ achieve and why the changes were necessary (more on this in the
+ accompanying SubmittingPatches document).
+
Make your code readable and sensible, and don't try to be clever.
As for more concrete guidelines, just imitate the existing code
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.0.txt
index aa311cb96e..d69b50d180 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.0.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.0.txt
@@ -9,6 +9,19 @@ Backward compatibility warts
* "_" is now treated as any other URL-valid characters in an URL when
matching the per-URL configuration variable names.
+ * The color palette used by "git grep" has been updated to match that
+ of GNU grep.
+
+
+Note to those who build from the source
+
+ * You may need to define NO_UNCOMPRESS2 Makefile macro if you build
+ with zlib older than 1.2.9.
+
+ * If your compiler cannot grok C99, the build will fail. See the
+ instruction at the beginning of git-compat-util.h if this happens
+ to you.
+
UI, Workflows & Features
@@ -65,6 +78,29 @@ UI, Workflows & Features
* The "init" and "set" subcommands in "git sparse-checkout" have been
unified for a better user experience and performance.
+ * Many git commands that deal with working tree files try to remove a
+ directory that becomes empty (i.e. "git switch" from a branch that
+ has the directory to another branch that does not would attempt
+ remove all files in the directory and the directory itself). This
+ drops users into an unfamiliar situation if the command was run in
+ a subdirectory that becomes subject to removal due to the command.
+ The commands have been taught to keep an empty directory if it is
+ the directory they were started in to avoid surprising users.
+
+ * "git am" learns "--empty=(stop|drop|keep)" option to tweak what is
+ done to a piece of e-mail without a patch in it.
+
+ * The default merge message prepared by "git merge" records the name
+ of the current branch; the name can be overridden with a new option
+ to allow users to pretend a merge is made on a different branch.
+
+ * The way "git p4" shows file sizes in its output has been updated to
+ use human-readable units.
+
+ * "git -c branch.autosetupmerge=inherit branch new old" makes "new"
+ to have the same upstream as the "old" branch, instead of marking
+ "old" itself as its upstream.
+
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
@@ -74,7 +110,7 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* Teach and encourage first-time contributors to this project to
state the base commit when they submit their topic.
- * The command line complation for "git send-email" options have been
+ * The command line completion for "git send-email" options have been
tweaked to make it easier to keep it in sync with the command itself.
* Ensure that the sparseness of the in-core index matches the
@@ -141,6 +177,27 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* Broken &&-chains in the test scripts have been corrected.
+ * The RCS keyword substitution in "git p4" used to be done assuming
+ that the contents are UTF-8 text, which can trigger decoding
+ errors. We now treat the contents as a bytestring for robustness
+ and correctness.
+
+ * The conditions to choose different definitions of the FLEX_ARRAY
+ macro for vendor compilers has been simplified to make it easier to
+ maintain.
+
+ * Correctness and performance update to "diff --color-moved" feature.
+
+ * "git upload-pack" (the other side of "git fetch") used a 8kB buffer
+ but most of its payload came on 64kB "packets". The buffer size
+ has been enlarged so that such a packet fits.
+
+ * "git fetch" and "git pull" are now declared sparse-index clean.
+ Also "git ls-files" learns the "--sparse" option to help debugging.
+
+ * Similar message templates have been consolidated so that
+ translators need to work on fewer number of messages.
+
Fixes since v2.34
-----------------
@@ -265,6 +322,68 @@ Fixes since v2.34
which has been corrected.
(merge 17baeaf82d ab/fetch-set-upstream-while-detached later to maint).
+ * Among some code paths that ask an yes/no question, only one place
+ gave a prompt that looked different from the others, which has been
+ updated to match what the others create.
+ (merge 0fc8ed154c km/help-prompt-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git log --invert-grep --author=<name>" used to exclude commits
+ written by the given author, but now "--invert-grep" only affects
+ the matches made by the "--grep=<pattern>" option.
+ (merge 794c000267 rs/log-invert-grep-with-headers later to maint).
+
+ * "git grep --perl-regexp" failed to match UTF-8 characters with
+ wildcard when the pattern consists only of ASCII letters, which has
+ been corrected.
+ (merge 32e3e8bc55 rs/pcre2-utf later to maint).
+
+ * Certain sparse-checkout patterns that are valid in non-cone mode
+ led to segfault in cone mode, which has been corrected.
+
+ * Use of certain "git rev-list" options with "git fast-export"
+ created nonsense results (the worst two of which being "--reverse"
+ and "--invert-grep --grep=<foo>"). The use of "--first-parent" is
+ made to behave a bit more sensible than before.
+ (merge 726a228dfb ws/fast-export-with-revision-options later to maint).
+
+ * Perf tests were run with end-user's shell, but it has been
+ corrected to use the shell specified by $TEST_SHELL_PATH.
+ (merge 9ccab75608 ja/perf-use-specified-shell later to maint).
+
+ * Fix dependency rules to generate hook-list.h header file.
+ (merge d3fd1a6667 ab/makefile-hook-list-dependency-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git stash" by default triggers its "push" action, but its
+ implementation also made "git stash -h" to show short help only for
+ "git stash push", which has been corrected.
+ (merge ca7990cea5 ab/do-not-limit-stash-help-to-push later to maint).
+
+ * "git apply --3way" bypasses the attempt to do a three-way
+ application in more cases to address the regression caused by the
+ recent change to use direct application as a fallback.
+ (merge 34d607032c jz/apply-3-corner-cases later to maint).
+
+ * Fix performance-releated bug in "git subtree" (in contrib/).
+ (merge 3ce8888fb4 jl/subtree-check-parents-argument-passing-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Extend the guidance to choose the base commit to build your work
+ on, and hint/nudge contributors to read others' changes.
+ (merge fdfae830f8 jc/doc-submitting-patches-choice-of-base later to maint).
+
+ * A corner case bug in the ort merge strategy has been corrected.
+ (merge d30126c20d en/merge-ort-renorm-with-rename-delete-conflict-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git stash apply" forgot to attempt restoring untracked files when
+ it failed to restore changes to tracked ones.
+ (merge 71cade5a0b en/stash-df-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Calling dynamically loaded functions on Windows has been corrected.
+ (merge 4a9b204920 ma/windows-dynload-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Some lockfile code called free() in signal-death code path, which
+ has been corrected.
+ (merge 58d4d7f1c5 ps/lockfile-cleanup-fix later to maint).
+
* Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
(merge 74db416c9c cw/protocol-v2-doc-fix later to maint).
(merge f9b2b6684d ja/doc-cleanup later to maint).
@@ -283,3 +402,11 @@ Fixes since v2.34
(merge 2c68f577fc ew/cbtree-remove-unused-and-broken-cb-unlink later to maint).
(merge eafd6e7e55 ab/die-with-bug later to maint).
(merge 91028f7659 jc/grep-patterntype-default-doc later to maint).
+ (merge 47ca93d071 ds/repack-fixlets later to maint).
+ (merge e6a9bc0c60 rs/t4202-invert-grep-test-fix later to maint).
+ (merge deb5407a42 gh/gpg-doc-markup-fix later to maint).
+ (merge 999bba3e0b rs/daemon-plug-leak later to maint).
+ (merge 786eb1ba39 js/l10n-mention-ngettext-early-in-readme later to maint).
+ (merge 2f12b31b74 ab/makefile-msgfmt-wo-stats later to maint).
+ (merge 0517f591ca fs/gpg-unknown-key-test-fix later to maint).
+ (merge 97d6fb5a1f ma/header-dup-cleanup later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..726ba250ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Git v2.35.1 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Git 2.35 shipped with a regression that broke use of "rebase" and
+"stash" in a secondary worktree. This maintenance release ought to
+fix it.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3e1261c584
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+Git 2.36 Release Notes
+======================
+
+Updates since Git 2.35
+----------------------
+
+Backward compatibility warts
+
+ * "git name-rev --stdin" has been deprecated and issues a warning
+ when used; use "git name-rev --annotate-stdin" instead.
+
+
+Note to those who build from the source
+
+ *
+
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * Assorted updates to "git cat-file", especially "-h".
+
+ * The command line completion (in contrib/) learns to complete
+ arguments to give to "git sparse-checkout" command.
+
+ * "git log --remerge-diff" shows the difference from mechanical merge
+ result and the result that is actually recorded in a merge commit.
+
+ * "git log" and friends learned an option --exclude-first-parent-only
+ to propagate UNINTERESTING bit down only along the first-parent
+ chain, just like --first-parent option shows commits that lack the
+ UNINTERESTING bit only along the first-parent chain.
+
+ * The command line completion script (in contrib/) learned to
+ complete all Git subcommands, including the ones that are normally
+ hidden, when GIT_COMPLETION_SHOW_ALL_COMMANDS is used.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * "git apply" (ab)used the util pointer of the string-list to keep
+ track of how each symbolic link needs to be handled, which has been
+ simplified by using strset.
+
+ * Fix a hand-rolled alloca() imitation that may have violated
+ alignment requirement of data being sorted in compatibility
+ implementation of qsort_s() and stable qsort().
+
+ * Use the parse-options API in "git reflog" command.
+
+ * The conditional inclusion mechanism of configuration files using
+ "[includeIf <condition>]" learns to base its decision on the
+ URL of the remote repository the repository interacts with.
+ (merge 399b198489 jt/conditional-config-on-remote-url later to maint).
+
+ * "git name-rev --stdin" does not behave like usual "--stdin" at
+ all. Start the process of renaming it to "--annotate-stdin".
+ (merge a2585719b3 jc/name-rev-stdin later to maint).
+
+ * "git update-index", "git checkout-index", and "git clean" are
+ taught to work better with the sparse checkout feature.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.35
+-----------------
+
+ * "rebase" and "stash" in secondary worktrees are broken in
+ Git 2.35.0, which has been corrected.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" ignored the rebase.autostash configuration
+ variable when the remote history is a descendant of our history,
+ which has been corrected.
+ (merge 3013d98d7a pb/pull-rebase-autostash-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git update-index --refresh" has been taught to deal better with
+ racy timestamps (just like "git status" already does).
+ (merge 2ede073fd2 ms/update-index-racy later to maint).
+
+ * Avoid tests that are run under GIT_TRACE2 set from failing
+ unnecessarily.
+ (merge 944d808e42 js/test-unset-trace2-parents later to maint).
+
+ * The merge-ort misbehaved when merge.renameLimit configuration is
+ set too low and failed to find all renames.
+ (merge 9ae39fef7f en/merge-ort-restart-optim-fix later to maint).
+
+ * We explain that revs come first before the pathspec among command
+ line arguments, but did not spell out that dashed options come
+ before other args, which has been corrected.
+ (merge c11f95010c tl/doc-cli-options-first later to maint).
+
+ * "git add -p" rewritten in C regressed hunk splitting in some cases,
+ which has been corrected.
+ (merge 7008ddc645 pw/add-p-hunk-split-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git fetch --negotiate-only" is an internal command used by "git
+ push" to figure out which part of our history is missing from the
+ other side. It should never recurse into submodules even when
+ fetch.recursesubmodules configuration variable is set, nor it
+ should trigger "gc". The code has been tightened up to ensure it
+ only does common ancestry discovery and nothing else.
+ (merge de4eaae63a gc/fetch-negotiate-only-early-return later to maint).
+
+ * The code path that verifies signatures made with ssh were made to
+ work better on a system with CRLF line endings.
+ (merge caeef01ea7 fs/ssh-signing-crlf later to maint).
+
+ * "git sparse-checkout init" failed to write into $GIT_DIR/info
+ directory when the repository was created without one, which has
+ been corrected to auto-create it.
+ (merge 7f44842ac1 jt/sparse-checkout-leading-dir-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Cloning from a repository that does not yet have any branches or
+ tags but has other refs resulted in a "remote transport reported
+ error", which has been corrected.
+ (merge dccea605b6 jt/clone-not-quite-empty later to maint).
+
+ * Mark in various places in the code that the sparse index and the
+ split index features are mutually incompatible.
+ (merge 451b66c533 js/sparse-vs-split-index later to maint).
+
+ * Update the logic to compute alignment requirement for our mem-pool.
+ (merge e38bcc66d8 jc/mem-pool-alignment later to maint).
+
+ * Pick a better random number generator and use it when we prepare
+ temporary filenames.
+ (merge 47efda967c bc/csprng-mktemps later to maint).
+
+ * Update the contributor-facing documents on proposed log messages.
+ (merge cdba0295b0 jc/doc-log-messages later to maint).
+
+ * When "git fetch --prune" failed to prune the refs it wanted to
+ prune, the command issued error messages but exited with exit
+ status 0, which has been corrected.
+ (merge c9e04d905e tg/fetch-prune-exit-code-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Problems identified by Coverity in the reftable code have been
+ corrected.
+ (merge 01033de49f hn/reftable-coverity-fixes later to maint).
+
+ * A bug that made multi-pack bitmap and the object order out-of-sync,
+ making the .midx data corrupt, has been fixed.
+ (merge f8b60cf99b tb/midx-bitmap-corruption-fix later to maint).
+
+ * The build procedure has been taught to notice older version of zlib
+ and enable our replacement uncompress2() automatically.
+ (merge 07564773c2 ab/auto-detect-zlib-compress2 later to maint).
+
+ * Interaction between fetch.negotiationAlgorithm and
+ feature.experimental configuration variables has been corrected.
+ (merge 714edc620c en/fetch-negotiation-default-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git diff --diff-filter=aR" is now parsed correctly.
+ (merge 75408ca949 js/diff-filter-negation-fix later to maint).
+
+ * When "git subtree" wants to create a merge, it used "git merge" and
+ let it be affected by end-user's "merge.ff" configuration, which
+ has been corrected.
+ (merge 9158a3564a tk/subtree-merge-not-ff-only later to maint).
+
+ * Unlike "git apply", "git patch-id" did not handle patches with
+ hunks that has only 1 line in either preimage or postimage, which
+ has been corrected.
+ (merge 757e75c81e jz/patch-id-hunk-header-parsing-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
+ (merge cfc5cf428b jc/find-header later to maint).
+ (merge 40e7cfdd46 jh/p4-fix-use-of-process-error-exception later to maint).
+ (merge 727e6ea350 jh/p4-spawning-external-commands-cleanup later to maint).
+ (merge 0a6adc26e2 rs/grep-expr-cleanup later to maint).
+ (merge 4ed7dfa713 po/readme-mention-contributor-hints later to maint).
+ (merge 6046f7a91c en/plug-leaks-in-merge later to maint).
+ (merge 8c591dbfce bc/clarify-eol-attr later to maint).
+ (merge 518e15db74 rs/parse-options-lithelp-help later to maint).
+ (merge cbac0076ef gh/doc-typos later to maint).
+ (merge ce14de03db ab/no-errno-from-resolve-ref-unsafe later to maint).
+ (merge 2826ffad8c rc/negotiate-only-typofix later to maint).
+ (merge 0f03f04c5c en/sparse-checkout-leakfix later to maint).
+ (merge 74f3390dde sy/diff-usage-typofix later to maint).
+ (merge 45d0212a71 ll/doc-mktree-typofix later to maint).
+ (merge e9b272e4c1 js/no-more-legacy-stash later to maint).
+ (merge 6798b08e84 ab/do-not-hide-failures-in-git-dot-pm later to maint).
+ (merge 9325285df4 po/doc-check-ignore-markup-fix later to maint).
+ (merge cd26cd6c7c sy/modernize-t-lib-read-tree-m-3way later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
index 11e03056f2..a6121d1d42 100644
--- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
+++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
@@ -19,8 +19,10 @@ change is relevant to.
base your work on the tip of the topic.
* A new feature should be based on `master` in general. If the new
- feature depends on a topic that is in `seen`, but not in `master`,
- base your work on the tip of that topic.
+ feature depends on other topics that are in `next`, but not in
+ `master`, fork a branch from the tip of `master`, merge these topics
+ to the branch, and work on that branch. You can remind yourself of
+ how you prepared the base with `git log --first-parent master..`.
* Corrections and enhancements to a topic not yet in `master` should
be based on the tip of that topic. If the topic has not been merged
@@ -28,10 +30,10 @@ change is relevant to.
into the series.
* In the exceptional case that a new feature depends on several topics
- not in `master`, start working on `next` or `seen` privately and send
- out patches for discussion. Before the final merge, you may have to
- wait until some of the dependent topics graduate to `master`, and
- rebase your work.
+ not in `master`, start working on `next` or `seen` privately and
+ send out patches only for discussion. Once your new feature starts
+ to stabilize, you would have to rebase it (see the "depends on other
+ topics" above).
* Some parts of the system have dedicated maintainers with their own
repositories (see the section "Subsystems" below). Changes to
@@ -71,8 +73,13 @@ Make sure that you have tests for the bug you are fixing. See
[[tests]]
When adding a new feature, make sure that you have new tests to show
the feature triggers the new behavior when it should, and to show the
-feature does not trigger when it shouldn't. After any code change, make
-sure that the entire test suite passes.
+feature does not trigger when it shouldn't. After any code change,
+make sure that the entire test suite passes. When fixing a bug, make
+sure you have new tests that break if somebody else breaks what you
+fixed by accident to avoid regression. Also, try merging your work to
+'next' and 'seen' and make sure the tests still pass; topics by others
+that are still in flight may have unexpected interactions with what
+you are trying to do in your topic.
Pushing to a fork of https://github.com/git/git will use their CI
integration to test your changes on Linux, Mac and Windows. See the
@@ -103,6 +110,35 @@ run `git diff --check` on your changes before you commit.
[[describe-changes]]
=== Describe your changes well.
+The log message that explains your changes is just as important as the
+changes themselves. Your code may be clearly written with in-code
+comment to sufficiently explain how it works with the surrounding
+code, but those who need to fix or enhance your code in the future
+will need to know _why_ your code does what it does, for a few
+reasons:
+
+. Your code may be doing something differently from what you wanted it
+ to do. Writing down what you actually wanted to achieve will help
+ them fix your code and make it do what it should have been doing
+ (also, you often discover your own bugs yourself, while writing the
+ log message to summarize the thought behind it).
+
+. Your code may be doing things that were only necessary for your
+ immediate needs (e.g. "do X to directories" without implementing or
+ even designing what is to be done on files). Writing down why you
+ excluded what the code does not do will help guide future developers.
+ Writing down "we do X to directories, because directories have
+ characteristic Y" would help them infer "oh, files also have the same
+ characteristic Y, so perhaps doing X to them would also make sense?".
+ Saying "we don't do the same X to files, because ..." will help them
+ decide if the reasoning is sound (in which case they do not waste
+ time extending your code to cover files), or reason differently (in
+ which case, they can explain why they extend your code to cover
+ files, too).
+
+The goal of your log message is to convey the _why_ behind your
+change to help future developers.
+
The first line of the commit message should be a short description (50
characters is the soft limit, see DISCUSSION in linkgit:git-commit[1]),
and should skip the full stop. It is also conventional in most cases to
@@ -135,6 +171,13 @@ The body should provide a meaningful commit message, which:
. alternate solutions considered but discarded, if any.
+[[present-tense]]
+The problem statement that describes the status quo is written in the
+present tense. Write "The code does X when it is given input Y",
+instead of "The code used to do Y when given input X". You do not
+have to say "Currently"---the status quo in the problem statement is
+about the code _without_ your change, by project convention.
+
[[imperative-mood]]
Describe your changes in imperative mood, e.g. "make xyzzy do frotz"
instead of "[This patch] makes xyzzy do frotz" or "[I] changed xyzzy
@@ -144,8 +187,21 @@ without external resources. Instead of giving a URL to a mailing list
archive, summarize the relevant points of the discussion.
[[commit-reference]]
-If you want to reference a previous commit in the history of a stable
-branch, use the format "abbreviated hash (subject, date)", like this:
+
+There are a few reasons why you may want to refer to another commit in
+the "more stable" part of the history (i.e. on branches like `maint`,
+`master`, and `next`):
+
+. A commit that introduced the root cause of a bug you are fixing.
+
+. A commit that introduced a feature that you are enhancing.
+
+. A commit that conflicts with your work when you made a trial merge
+ of your work into `next` and `seen` for testing.
+
+When you reference a commit on a more stable branch (like `master`,
+`maint` and `next`), use the format "abbreviated hash (subject,
+date)", like this:
....
Commit f86a374 (pack-bitmap.c: fix a memleak, 2015-03-30)
@@ -259,9 +315,11 @@ Please make sure your patch does not add commented out debugging code,
or include any extra files which do not relate to what your patch
is trying to achieve. Make sure to review
your patch after generating it, to ensure accuracy. Before
-sending out, please make sure it cleanly applies to the `master`
-branch head. If you are preparing a work based on "next" branch,
-that is fine, but please mark it as such.
+sending out, please make sure it cleanly applies to the base you
+have chosen in the "Decide what to base your work on" section,
+and unless it targets the `master` branch (which is the default),
+mark your patches as such.
+
[[send-patches]]
=== Sending your patches.
@@ -365,7 +423,10 @@ Security mailing list{security-ml-ref}.
Send your patch with "To:" set to the mailing list, with "cc:" listing
people who are involved in the area you are touching (the `git
contacts` command in `contrib/contacts/` can help to
-identify them), to solicit comments and reviews.
+identify them), to solicit comments and reviews. Also, when you made
+trial merges of your topic to `next` and `seen`, you may have noticed
+work by others conflicting with your changes. There is a good possibility
+that these people may know the area you are touching well.
:current-maintainer: footnote:[The current maintainer: gitster@pobox.com]
:git-ml: footnote:[The mailing list: git@vger.kernel.org]
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index b168f02dc3..bf3e512921 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -159,6 +159,33 @@ all branches that begin with `foo/`. This is useful if your branches are
organized hierarchically and you would like to apply a configuration to
all the branches in that hierarchy.
+`hasconfig:remote.*.url:`::
+ The data that follows this keyword is taken to
+ be a pattern with standard globbing wildcards and two
+ additional ones, `**/` and `/**`, that can match multiple
+ components. The first time this keyword is seen, the rest of
+ the config files will be scanned for remote URLs (without
+ applying any values). If there exists at least one remote URL
+ that matches this pattern, the include condition is met.
++
+Files included by this option (directly or indirectly) are not allowed
+to contain remote URLs.
++
+Note that unlike other includeIf conditions, resolving this condition
+relies on information that is not yet known at the point of reading the
+condition. A typical use case is this option being present as a
+system-level or global-level config, and the remote URL being in a
+local-level config; hence the need to scan ahead when resolving this
+condition. In order to avoid the chicken-and-egg problem in which
+potentially-included files can affect whether such files are potentially
+included, Git breaks the cycle by prohibiting these files from affecting
+the resolution of these conditions (thus, prohibiting them from
+declaring remote URLs).
++
+As for the naming of this keyword, it is for forwards compatibiliy with
+a naming scheme that supports more variable-based include conditions,
+but currently Git only supports the exact keyword described above.
+
A few more notes on matching via `gitdir` and `gitdir/i`:
* Symlinks in `$GIT_DIR` are not resolved before matching.
@@ -226,6 +253,14 @@ Example
; currently checked out
[includeIf "onbranch:foo-branch"]
path = foo.inc
+
+; include only if a remote with the given URL exists (note
+; that such a URL may be provided later in a file or in a
+; file read after this file is read, as seen in this example)
+[includeIf "hasconfig:remote.*.url:https://example.com/**"]
+ path = foo.inc
+[remote "origin"]
+ url = https://example.com/git
----
Values
diff --git a/Documentation/config/advice.txt b/Documentation/config/advice.txt
index 063eec2511..adee26fbbb 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/advice.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/advice.txt
@@ -116,6 +116,9 @@ advice.*::
submoduleAlternateErrorStrategyDie::
Advice shown when a submodule.alternateErrorStrategy option
configured to "die" causes a fatal error.
+ submodulesNotUpdated::
+ Advice shown when a user runs a submodule command that fails
+ because `git submodule update --init` was not run.
addIgnoredFile::
Advice shown if a user attempts to add an ignored file to
the index.
diff --git a/Documentation/config/branch.txt b/Documentation/config/branch.txt
index d323d7327f..1e0c7af014 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/branch.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ branch.autoSetupMerge::
automatic setup is done; `true` -- automatic setup is done when the
starting point is a remote-tracking branch; `always` --
automatic setup is done when the starting point is either a
- local branch or remote-tracking
+ local branch or remote-tracking branch; `inherit` -- if the starting point
+ has a tracking configuration, it is copied to the new
branch. This option defaults to true.
branch.autoSetupRebase::
diff --git a/Documentation/config/fetch.txt b/Documentation/config/fetch.txt
index 63748c02b7..cd65d236b4 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/fetch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/fetch.txt
@@ -56,18 +56,19 @@ fetch.output::
OUTPUT in linkgit:git-fetch[1] for detail.
fetch.negotiationAlgorithm::
- Control how information about the commits in the local repository is
- sent when negotiating the contents of the packfile to be sent by the
- server. Set to "skipping" to use an algorithm that skips commits in an
- effort to converge faster, but may result in a larger-than-necessary
- packfile; or set to "noop" to not send any information at all, which
- will almost certainly result in a larger-than-necessary packfile, but
- will skip the negotiation step.
- The default is "default" which instructs Git to use the default algorithm
- that never skips commits (unless the server has acknowledged it or one
- of its descendants). If `feature.experimental` is enabled, then this
- setting defaults to "skipping".
- Unknown values will cause 'git fetch' to error out.
+ Control how information about the commits in the local repository
+ is sent when negotiating the contents of the packfile to be sent by
+ the server. Set to "consecutive" to use an algorithm that walks
+ over consecutive commits checking each one. Set to "skipping" to
+ use an algorithm that skips commits in an effort to converge
+ faster, but may result in a larger-than-necessary packfile; or set
+ to "noop" to not send any information at all, which will almost
+ certainly result in a larger-than-necessary packfile, but will skip
+ the negotiation step. Set to "default" to override settings made
+ previously and use the default behaviour. The default is normally
+ "consecutive", but if `feature.experimental` is true, then the
+ default is "skipping". Unknown values will cause 'git fetch' to
+ error out.
+
See also the `--negotiate-only` and `--negotiation-tip` options to
linkgit:git-fetch[1].
diff --git a/Documentation/config/gpg.txt b/Documentation/config/gpg.txt
index c9be554c73..86892ada77 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/gpg.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/gpg.txt
@@ -34,17 +34,17 @@ gpg.minTrustLevel::
* `fully`
* `ultimate`
-gpg.ssh.defaultKeyCommand:
+gpg.ssh.defaultKeyCommand::
This command that will be run when user.signingkey is not set and a ssh
signature is requested. On successful exit a valid ssh public key is
- expected in the first line of its output. To automatically use the first
+ expected in the first line of its output. To automatically use the first
available key from your ssh-agent set this to "ssh-add -L".
gpg.ssh.allowedSignersFile::
A file containing ssh public keys which you are willing to trust.
The file consists of one or more lines of principals followed by an ssh
public key.
- e.g.: user1@example.com,user2@example.com ssh-rsa AAAAX1...
+ e.g.: `user1@example.com,user2@example.com ssh-rsa AAAAX1...`
See ssh-keygen(1) "ALLOWED SIGNERS" for details.
The principal is only used to identify the key and is available when
verifying a signature.
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ This way only committers with an already valid key can add or change keys in the
+
Since OpensSSH 8.8 this file allows specifying a key lifetime using valid-after &
valid-before options. Git will mark signatures as valid if the signing key was
-valid at the time of the signatures creation. This allows users to change a
+valid at the time of the signature's creation. This allows users to change a
signing key without invalidating all previously made signatures.
+
Using a SSH CA key with the cert-authority option
diff --git a/Documentation/config/stash.txt b/Documentation/config/stash.txt
index 9ed775281f..b9f609ed76 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/stash.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/stash.txt
@@ -1,10 +1,3 @@
-stash.useBuiltin::
- Unused configuration variable. Used in Git versions 2.22 to
- 2.26 as an escape hatch to enable the legacy shellscript
- implementation of stash. Now the built-in rewrite of it in C
- is always used. Setting this will emit a warning, to alert any
- remaining users that setting this now does nothing.
-
stash.showIncludeUntracked::
If this is set to true, the `git stash show` command will show
the untracked files of a stash entry. Defaults to false. See
diff --git a/Documentation/config/submodule.txt b/Documentation/config/submodule.txt
index ee454f8126..6490527b45 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/submodule.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/submodule.txt
@@ -59,18 +59,33 @@ submodule.active::
submodule.recurse::
A boolean indicating if commands should enable the `--recurse-submodules`
- option by default.
- Applies to all commands that support this option
- (`checkout`, `fetch`, `grep`, `pull`, `push`, `read-tree`, `reset`,
- `restore` and `switch`) except `clone` and `ls-files`.
+ option by default. Defaults to false.
++
+When set to true, it can be deactivated via the
+`--no-recurse-submodules` option. Note that some Git commands
+lacking this option may call some of the above commands affected by
+`submodule.recurse`; for instance `git remote update` will call
+`git fetch` but does not have a `--no-recurse-submodules` option.
+For these commands a workaround is to temporarily change the
+configuration value by using `git -c submodule.recurse=0`.
++
+The following list shows the commands that accept
+`--recurse-submodules` and whether they are supported by this
+setting.
+
+* `checkout`, `fetch`, `grep`, `pull`, `push`, `read-tree`,
+`reset`, `restore` and `switch` are always supported.
+* `clone` and `ls-files` are not supported.
+* `branch` is supported only if `submodule.propagateBranches` is
+enabled
+
+submodule.propagateBranches::
+ [EXPERIMENTAL] A boolean that enables branching support when
+ using `--recurse-submodules` or `submodule.recurse=true`.
+ Enabling this will allow certain commands to accept
+ `--recurse-submodules` and certain commands that already accept
+ `--recurse-submodules` will now consider branches.
Defaults to false.
- When set to true, it can be deactivated via the
- `--no-recurse-submodules` option. Note that some Git commands
- lacking this option may call some of the above commands affected by
- `submodule.recurse`; for instance `git remote update` will call
- `git fetch` but does not have a `--no-recurse-submodules` option.
- For these commands a workaround is to temporarily change the
- configuration value by using `git -c submodule.recurse=0`.
submodule.fetchJobs::
Specifies how many submodules are fetched/cloned at the same time.
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
index c89d530d3d..3674ac48e9 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ endif::git-diff[]
endif::git-format-patch[]
ifdef::git-log[]
---diff-merges=(off|none|on|first-parent|1|separate|m|combined|c|dense-combined|cc)::
+--diff-merges=(off|none|on|first-parent|1|separate|m|combined|c|dense-combined|cc|remerge|r)::
--no-diff-merges::
Specify diff format to be used for merge commits. Default is
{diff-merges-default} unless `--first-parent` is in use, in which case
@@ -64,6 +64,18 @@ ifdef::git-log[]
each of the parents. Separate log entry and diff is generated
for each parent.
+
+--diff-merges=remerge:::
+--diff-merges=r:::
+--remerge-diff:::
+ With this option, two-parent merge commits are remerged to
+ create a temporary tree object -- potentially containing files
+ with conflict markers and such. A diff is then shown between
+ that temporary tree and the actual merge commit.
++
+The output emitted when this option is used is subject to change, and
+so is its interaction with other options (unless explicitly
+documented).
++
--diff-merges=combined:::
--diff-merges=c:::
-c:::
@@ -616,11 +628,8 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[]
Also, these upper-case letters can be downcased to exclude. E.g.
`--diff-filter=ad` excludes added and deleted paths.
+
-Note that not all diffs can feature all types. For instance, diffs
-from the index to the working tree can never have Added entries
-(because the set of paths included in the diff is limited by what is in
-the index). Similarly, copied and renamed entries cannot appear if
-detection for those types is disabled.
+Note that not all diffs can feature all types. For instance, copied and
+renamed entries cannot appear if detection for those types is disabled.
-S<string>::
Look for differences that change the number of occurrences of
diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
index e967ff1874..f903683189 100644
--- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ configuration variables documented in linkgit:git-config[1], and the
ancestors of the provided `--negotiation-tip=*` arguments,
which we have in common with the server.
+
+This is incompatible with `--recurse-submodules=[yes|on-demand]`.
Internally this is used to implement the `push.negotiate` option, see
linkgit:git-config[1].
diff --git a/Documentation/git-am.txt b/Documentation/git-am.txt
index 0a4a984dfd..09107fb106 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-am.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-am.txt
@@ -16,8 +16,9 @@ SYNOPSIS
[--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--reject] [-q | --quiet]
[--[no-]scissors] [-S[<keyid>]] [--patch-format=<format>]
[--quoted-cr=<action>]
+ [--empty=(stop|drop|keep)]
[(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]
-'git am' (--continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --show-current-patch[=(diff|raw)])
+'git am' (--continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --show-current-patch[=(diff|raw)] | --allow-empty)
DESCRIPTION
-----------
@@ -63,6 +64,14 @@ OPTIONS
--quoted-cr=<action>::
This flag will be passed down to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
+--empty=(stop|drop|keep)::
+ By default, or when the option is set to 'stop', the command
+ errors out on an input e-mail message lacking a patch
+ and stops into the middle of the current am session. When this
+ option is set to 'drop', skip such an e-mail message instead.
+ When this option is set to 'keep', create an empty commit,
+ recording the contents of the e-mail message as its log.
+
-m::
--message-id::
Pass the `-m` flag to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]),
@@ -191,6 +200,11 @@ default. You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
the e-mail message; if `diff`, show the diff portion only.
Defaults to `raw`.
+--allow-empty::
+ After a patch failure on an input e-mail message lacking a patch,
+ create an empty commit with the contents of the e-mail message
+ as its log message.
+
DISCUSSION
----------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
index 8af42eff89..c8b4f9ce3c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
[--points-at <object>] [--format=<format>]
[(-r | --remotes) | (-a | --all)]
[--list] [<pattern>...]
-'git branch' [--track | --no-track] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
+'git branch' [--track[=(direct|inherit)] | --no-track] [-f]
+ [--recurse-submodules] <branchname> [<start-point>]
'git branch' (--set-upstream-to=<upstream> | -u <upstream>) [<branchname>]
'git branch' --unset-upstream [<branchname>]
'git branch' (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>
@@ -206,24 +207,50 @@ This option is only applicable in non-verbose mode.
Display the full sha1s in the output listing rather than abbreviating them.
-t::
---track::
+--track[=(direct|inherit)]::
When creating a new branch, set up `branch.<name>.remote` and
- `branch.<name>.merge` configuration entries to mark the
- start-point branch as "upstream" from the new branch. This
+ `branch.<name>.merge` configuration entries to set "upstream" tracking
+ configuration for the new branch. This
configuration will tell git to show the relationship between the
two branches in `git status` and `git branch -v`. Furthermore,
it directs `git pull` without arguments to pull from the
upstream when the new branch is checked out.
+
-This behavior is the default when the start point is a remote-tracking branch.
+The exact upstream branch is chosen depending on the optional argument:
+`-t`, `--track`, or `--track=direct` means to use the start-point branch
+itself as the upstream; `--track=inherit` means to copy the upstream
+configuration of the start-point branch.
++
+`--track=direct` is the default when the start point is a remote-tracking branch.
Set the branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable to `false` if you
want `git switch`, `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if `--no-track`
were given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
-start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch.
+start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch. Set it to
+`inherit` if you want to copy the tracking configuration from the
+branch point.
++
+See linkgit:git-pull[1] and linkgit:git-config[1] for additional discussion on
+how the `branch.<name>.remote` and `branch.<name>.merge` options are used.
--no-track::
Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
- branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable is true.
+ branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable is set.
+
+--recurse-submodules::
+ THIS OPTION IS EXPERIMENTAL! Causes the current command to
+ recurse into submodules if `submodule.propagateBranches` is
+ enabled. See `submodule.propagateBranches` in
+ linkgit:git-config[1]. Currently, only branch creation is
+ supported.
++
+When used in branch creation, a new branch <branchname> will be created
+in the superproject and all of the submodules in the superproject's
+<start-point>. In submodules, the branch will point to the submodule
+commit in the superproject's <start-point> but the branch's tracking
+information will be set up based on the submodule's branches and remotes
+e.g. `git branch --recurse-submodules topic origin/main` will create the
+submodule branch "topic" that points to the submodule commit in the
+superproject's "origin/main", but tracks the submodule's "origin/main".
--set-upstream::
As this option had confusing syntax, it is no longer supported.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
index 27b27e2b30..bef76f4dd0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
@@ -9,8 +9,14 @@ git-cat-file - Provide content or type and size information for repository objec
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
-'git cat-file' (-t [--allow-unknown-type]| -s [--allow-unknown-type]| -e | -p | <type> | --textconv | --filters ) [--path=<path>] <object>
-'git cat-file' (--batch[=<format>] | --batch-check[=<format>]) [ --textconv | --filters ] [--follow-symlinks]
+'git cat-file' <type> <object>
+'git cat-file' (-e | -p) <object>
+'git cat-file' (-t | -s) [--allow-unknown-type] <object>
+'git cat-file' (--batch | --batch-check) [--batch-all-objects]
+ [--buffer] [--follow-symlinks] [--unordered]
+ [--textconv | --filters]
+'git cat-file' (--textconv | --filters)
+ [<rev>:<path|tree-ish> | --path=<path|tree-ish> <rev>]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
index 0c3924a63d..2892799e32 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ OPTIONS
Instead of printing the paths that are excluded, for each path
that matches an exclude pattern, print the exclude pattern
together with the path. (Matching an exclude pattern usually
- means the path is excluded, but if the pattern begins with '!'
+ means the path is excluded, but if the pattern begins with "`!`"
then it is a negated pattern and matching it means the path is
NOT excluded.)
+
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ If `--verbose` is specified, the output is a series of lines of the form:
<pathname> is the path of a file being queried, <pattern> is the
matching pattern, <source> is the pattern's source file, and <linenum>
is the line number of the pattern within that source. If the pattern
-contained a `!` prefix or `/` suffix, it will be preserved in the
+contained a "`!`" prefix or "`/`" suffix, it will be preserved in the
output. <source> will be an absolute path when referring to the file
configured by `core.excludesFile`, or relative to the repository root
when referring to `.git/info/exclude` or a per-directory exclude file.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt
index 4d33e7be0f..01dbd5cbf5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
'git checkout-index' [-u] [-q] [-a] [-f] [-n] [--prefix=<string>]
[--stage=<number>|all]
[--temp]
+ [--ignore-skip-worktree-bits]
[-z] [--stdin]
[--] [<file>...]
@@ -37,8 +38,9 @@ OPTIONS
-a::
--all::
- checks out all files in the index. Cannot be used
- together with explicit filenames.
+ checks out all files in the index except for those with the
+ skip-worktree bit set (see `--ignore-skip-worktree-bits`).
+ Cannot be used together with explicit filenames.
-n::
--no-create::
@@ -59,6 +61,10 @@ OPTIONS
write the content to temporary files. The temporary name
associations will be written to stdout.
+--ignore-skip-worktree-bits::
+ Check out all files, including those with the skip-worktree bit
+ set.
+
--stdin::
Instead of taking list of paths from the command line,
read list of paths from the standard input. Paths are
diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
index c497db7eae..9f37e22e13 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ of it").
linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
-t::
---track::
+--track[=(direct|inherit)]::
When creating a new branch, set up "upstream" configuration. See
"--track" in linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
index 6793d8fc05..6f28812f38 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-fmt-merge-msg - Produce a merge commit message
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
-'git fmt-merge-msg' [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log]
+'git fmt-merge-msg' [-m <message>] [--into-name <branch>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log]
'git fmt-merge-msg' [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] -F <file>
DESCRIPTION
@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@ OPTIONS
Use <message> instead of the branch names for the first line
of the log message. For use with `--log`.
+--into-name <branch>::
+ Prepare the merge message as if merging to the branch `<branch>`,
+ instead of the name of the real branch to which the merge is made.
+
-F <file>::
--file <file>::
Take the list of merged objects from <file> instead of
diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
index 113eabc107..be797d7a28 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
[-n | --numbered | -N | --no-numbered]
[--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files]
[--in-reply-to=<message id>] [--suffix=.<sfx>]
- [--ignore-if-in-upstream]
+ [--ignore-if-in-upstream] [--always]
[--cover-from-description=<mode>]
[--rfc] [--subject-prefix=<subject prefix>]
[(--reroll-count|-v) <n>]
@@ -192,6 +192,10 @@ will want to ensure that threading is disabled for `git send-email`.
patches being generated, and any patch that matches is
ignored.
+--always::
+ Include patches for commits that do not introduce any change,
+ which are omitted by default.
+
--cover-from-description=<mode>::
Controls which parts of the cover letter will be automatically
populated using the branch's description.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-hook.txt b/Documentation/git-hook.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..77c3a8ad90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-hook.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+git-hook(1)
+===========
+
+NAME
+----
+git-hook - Run git hooks
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git hook' run [--ignore-missing] <hook-name> [-- <hook-args>]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+A command interface to running git hooks (see linkgit:githooks[5]),
+for use by other scripted git commands.
+
+SUBCOMMANDS
+-----------
+
+run::
+ Run the `<hook-name>` hook. See linkgit:githooks[5] for
+ supported hook names.
++
+
+Any positional arguments to the hook should be passed after a
+mandatory `--` (or `--end-of-options`, see linkgit:gitcli[7]). See
+linkgit:githooks[5] for arguments hooks might expect (if any).
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+--ignore-missing::
+ Ignore any missing hook by quietly returning zero. Used for
+ tools that want to do a blind one-shot run of a hook that may
+ or may not be present.
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:githooks[5]
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
index 2e3d695fa2..48cc7c0b6f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
@@ -187,6 +187,11 @@ Both the <eolinfo> in the index ("i/<eolinfo>")
and in the working tree ("w/<eolinfo>") are shown for regular files,
followed by the ("attr/<eolattr>").
+--sparse::
+ If the index is sparse, show the sparse directories without expanding
+ to the contained files. Sparse directories will be shown with a
+ trailing slash, such as "x/" for a sparse directory "x".
+
\--::
Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
index e8cecf5a51..3125473cc1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
'git merge' [-n] [--stat] [--no-commit] [--squash] [--[no-]edit]
[--no-verify] [-s <strategy>] [-X <strategy-option>] [-S[<keyid>]]
[--[no-]allow-unrelated-histories]
- [--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [-F <file>] [<commit>...]
+ [--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [-F <file>]
+ [--into-name <branch>] [<commit>...]
'git merge' (--continue | --abort | --quit)
DESCRIPTION
@@ -76,6 +77,11 @@ The 'git fmt-merge-msg' command can be
used to give a good default for automated 'git merge'
invocations. The automated message can include the branch description.
+--into-name <branch>::
+ Prepare the default merge message as if merging to the branch
+ `<branch>`, instead of the name of the real branch to which
+ the merge is made.
+
-F <file>::
--file=<file>::
Read the commit message to be used for the merge commit (in
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
index 27fe2b32e1..76b44f4da1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ OPTIONS
--batch::
Allow building of more than one tree object before exiting. Each
- tree is separated by as single blank line. The final new-line is
+ tree is separated by a single blank line. The final new-line is
optional. Note - if the `-z` option is used, lines are terminated
with NUL.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt b/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
index 5cb0eb0855..ec8a27ce8b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
@@ -42,11 +42,37 @@ OPTIONS
--all::
List all commits reachable from all refs
---stdin::
+--annotate-stdin::
Transform stdin by substituting all the 40-character SHA-1
hexes (say $hex) with "$hex ($rev_name)". When used with
--name-only, substitute with "$rev_name", omitting $hex
- altogether. Intended for the scripter's use.
+ altogether.
++
+For example:
++
+-----------
+$ cat sample.txt
+
+An abbreviated revision 2ae0a9cb82 will not be substituted.
+The full name after substitution is 2ae0a9cb8298185a94e5998086f380a355dd8907,
+while its tree object is 70d105cc79e63b81cfdcb08a15297c23e60b07ad
+
+$ git name-rev --annotate-stdin <sample.txt
+
+An abbreviated revision 2ae0a9cb82 will not be substituted.
+The full name after substitution is 2ae0a9cb8298185a94e5998086f380a355dd8907 (master),
+while its tree object is 70d105cc79e63b81cfdcb08a15297c23e60b07ad
+
+$ git name-rev --name-only --annotate-stdin <sample.txt
+
+An abbreviated revision 2ae0a9cb82 will not be substituted.
+The full name after substitution is master,
+while its tree object is 70d105cc79e63b81cfdcb08a15297c23e60b07ad
+-----------
+
+--stdin::
+ This option is deprecated in favor of 'git name-rev --annotate-stdin'.
+ They are functionally equivalent.
--name-only::
Instead of printing both the SHA-1 and the name, print only
diff --git a/Documentation/git-repack.txt b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
index 7183fb498f..ee30edc178 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-repack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
@@ -76,8 +76,9 @@ to the new separate pack will be written.
linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
-q::
- Pass the `-q` option to 'git pack-objects'. See
- linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
+--quiet::
+ Show no progress over the standard error stream and pass the `-q`
+ option to 'git pack-objects'. See linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
-n::
Do not update the server information with
diff --git a/Documentation/git-switch.txt b/Documentation/git-switch.txt
index 5c90f76fbe..bbcbdceb45 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-switch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-switch.txt
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ should result in deletion of the path).
attached to a terminal, regardless of `--quiet`.
-t::
---track::
+--track [direct|inherit]::
When creating a new branch, set up "upstream" configuration.
`-c` is implied. See `--track` in linkgit:git-branch[1] for
details.
diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
index 83fd4e19a4..60984a4682 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
@@ -160,11 +160,12 @@ unspecified.
^^^^^
This attribute sets a specific line-ending style to be used in the
-working directory. It enables end-of-line conversion without any
-content checks, effectively setting the `text` attribute. Note that
-setting this attribute on paths which are in the index with CRLF line
-endings may make the paths to be considered dirty. Adding the path to
-the index again will normalize the line endings in the index.
+working directory. This attribute has effect only if the `text`
+attribute is set or unspecified, or if it is set to `auto` and the file
+is detected as text. Note that setting this attribute on paths which
+are in the index with CRLF line endings may make the paths to be
+considered dirty. Adding the path to the index again will normalize the
+line endings in the index.
Set to string value "crlf"::
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcli.txt b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
index 92e4ba6a2f..1819a5a185 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcli.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
@@ -19,6 +19,15 @@ Many commands take revisions (most often "commits", but sometimes
"tree-ish", depending on the context and command) and paths as their
arguments. Here are the rules:
+ * Options come first and then args.
+ A subcommand may take dashed options (which may take their own
+ arguments, e.g. "--max-parents 2") and arguments. You SHOULD
+ give dashed options first and then arguments. Some commands may
+ accept dashed options after you have already gave non-option
+ arguments (which may make the command ambiguous), but you should
+ not rely on it (because eventually we may find a way to fix
+ these ambiguity by enforcing the "options then args" rule).
+
* Revisions come first and then paths.
E.g. in `git diff v1.0 v2.0 arch/x86 include/asm-x86`,
`v1.0` and `v2.0` are revisions and `arch/x86` and `include/asm-x86`
@@ -72,24 +81,24 @@ you will.
Here are the rules regarding the "flags" that you should follow when you are
scripting Git:
- * it's preferred to use the non-dashed form of Git commands, which means that
+ * It's preferred to use the non-dashed form of Git commands, which means that
you should prefer `git foo` to `git-foo`.
- * splitting short options to separate words (prefer `git foo -a -b`
+ * Splitting short options to separate words (prefer `git foo -a -b`
to `git foo -ab`, the latter may not even work).
- * when a command-line option takes an argument, use the 'stuck' form. In
+ * When a command-line option takes an argument, use the 'stuck' form. In
other words, write `git foo -oArg` instead of `git foo -o Arg` for short
options, and `git foo --long-opt=Arg` instead of `git foo --long-opt Arg`
for long options. An option that takes optional option-argument must be
written in the 'stuck' form.
- * when you give a revision parameter to a command, make sure the parameter is
+ * When you give a revision parameter to a command, make sure the parameter is
not ambiguous with a name of a file in the work tree. E.g. do not write
`git log -1 HEAD` but write `git log -1 HEAD --`; the former will not work
if you happen to have a file called `HEAD` in the work tree.
- * many commands allow a long option `--option` to be abbreviated
+ * Many commands allow a long option `--option` to be abbreviated
only to their unique prefix (e.g. if there is no other option
whose name begins with `opt`, you may be able to spell `--opt` to
invoke the `--option` flag), but you should fully spell them out
diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt
index b51959ff94..a16e62bc8c 100644
--- a/Documentation/githooks.txt
+++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt
@@ -698,6 +698,10 @@ and "0" meaning they were not.
Only one parameter should be set to "1" when the hook runs. The hook
running passing "1", "1" should not be possible.
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-hook[1]
+
GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
index 43a86fa562..fd4f4e26c9 100644
--- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
@@ -122,19 +122,27 @@ again. Equivalent forms are `--min-parents=0` (any commit has 0 or more
parents) and `--max-parents=-1` (negative numbers denote no upper limit).
--first-parent::
- Follow only the first parent commit upon seeing a merge
- commit. This option can give a better overview when
- viewing the evolution of a particular topic branch,
- because merges into a topic branch tend to be only about
- adjusting to updated upstream from time to time, and
- this option allows you to ignore the individual commits
- brought in to your history by such a merge.
+ When finding commits to include, follow only the first
+ parent commit upon seeing a merge commit. This option
+ can give a better overview when viewing the evolution of
+ a particular topic branch, because merges into a topic
+ branch tend to be only about adjusting to updated upstream
+ from time to time, and this option allows you to ignore
+ the individual commits brought in to your history by such
+ a merge.
ifdef::git-log[]
+
This option also changes default diff format for merge commits
to `first-parent`, see `--diff-merges=first-parent` for details.
endif::git-log[]
+--exclude-first-parent-only::
+ When finding commits to exclude (with a '{caret}'), follow only
+ the first parent commit upon seeing a merge commit.
+ This can be used to find the set of changes in a topic branch
+ from the point where it diverged from the remote branch, given
+ that arbitrary merges can be valid topic branch changes.
+
--not::
Reverses the meaning of the '{caret}' prefix (or lack thereof)
for all following revision specifiers, up to the next `--not`.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt b/Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt
index b39c69da8c..f2221d2b44 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ and their offsets into multiple packfiles. It contains:
** An offset within the jth packfile for the object.
* If large offsets are required, we use another list of large
offsets similar to version 2 pack-indexes.
+- An optional list of objects in pseudo-pack order (used with MIDX bitmaps).
Thus, we can provide O(log N) lookup time for any number
of packfiles.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
index 8d2f42f29e..6d3efb7d16 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
@@ -376,6 +376,11 @@ CHUNK DATA:
[Optional] Object Large Offsets (ID: {'L', 'O', 'F', 'F'})
8-byte offsets into large packfiles.
+ [Optional] Bitmap pack order (ID: {'R', 'I', 'D', 'X'})
+ A list of MIDX positions (one per object in the MIDX, num_objects in
+ total, each a 4-byte unsigned integer in network byte order), sorted
+ according to their relative bitmap/pseudo-pack positions.
+
TRAILER:
Index checksum of the above contents.
@@ -456,9 +461,5 @@ In short, a MIDX's pseudo-pack is the de-duplicated concatenation of
objects in packs stored by the MIDX, laid out in pack order, and the
packs arranged in MIDX order (with the preferred pack coming first).
-Finally, note that the MIDX's reverse index is not stored as a chunk in
-the multi-pack-index itself. This is done because the reverse index
-includes the checksum of the pack or MIDX to which it belongs, which
-makes it impossible to write in the MIDX. To avoid races when rewriting
-the MIDX, a MIDX reverse index includes the MIDX's checksum in its
-filename (e.g., `multi-pack-index-xyz.rev`).
+The MIDX's reverse index is stored in the optional 'RIDX' chunk within
+the MIDX itself.