diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
69 files changed, 1978 insertions, 639 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.2.txt index afb387161b..ef4ce1fcd3 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.2.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.2.txt @@ -7,6 +7,15 @@ Fixes since v1.7.4.1 * Many documentation updates to match "git cmd -h" output and the git-cmd manual page. + * We used to keep one file descriptor open for each and every packfile + that we have a mmap window on it (read: "in use"), even when for very + tiny packfiles. We now close the file descriptor early when the entire + packfile fits inside one mmap window. + + * "git bisect visualize" tried to run "gitk" in windowing + environments even when "gitk" is not installed, resulting in a + strange error message. + * "git clone /no/such/path" did not fail correctly. * "git commit" did not correctly error out when the user asked to use a @@ -34,8 +43,15 @@ Fixes since v1.7.4.1 to update the upstream branch it forked from is now called "upstream". The old name "tracking" is and will be supported. + * "git submodule update" used to honor the --merge/--rebase option (or + corresponding configuration variables) even for a newly cloned + subproject, which made no sense (so/submodule-no-update-first-time). + * gitweb's "highlight" interface mishandled tabs. + * gitweb didn't understand timezones with GMT offset that is not + multiple of a whole hour. + * gitweb had a few forward-incompatible syntactic constructs and also used incorrect variable when showing the file mode in a diff. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.3.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..02a3d5bdf6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.3.txt @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +Git v1.7.4.3 Release Notes +========================== + +Fixes since v1.7.4.2 +-------------------- + + * "git apply" used to confuse lines updated by previous hunks as lines + that existed before when applying a hunk, contributing misapplication + of patches with offsets. + + * "git branch --track" (and "git checkout --track --branch") used to + allow setting up a random non-branch that does not make sense to follow + as the "upstream". The command correctly diagnoses it as an error. + + * "git checkout $other_branch" silently removed untracked symbolic links + in the working tree that are in the way in order to check out paths + under it from the named branch. + + * "git cvsimport" did not bail out immediately when the cvs server cannot + be reached, spewing unnecessary error messages that complain about the + server response that it never got. + + * "git diff --quiet" did not work very well with the "--diff-filter" + option. + + * "git grep -n" lacked a long-hand synonym --line-number. + + * "git stash apply" reported the result of its operation by running + "git status" from the top-level of the working tree; it should (and + now does) run it from the user's working directory. + +And other minor fixes and documentation updates. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.4.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ff06e04a58 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.4.txt @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +Git v1.7.4.4 Release Notes +========================== + +Fixes since v1.7.4.3 +-------------------- + + * Compilation of sha1_file.c on BSD platforms were broken due to our + recent use of getrlimit() without including <sys/resource.h>. + + * "git config" did not diagnose incorrect configuration variable names. + + * "git format-patch" did not wrap a long subject line that resulted from + rfc2047 encoding. + + * "git instaweb" should work better again with plackup. + + * "git log --max-count=4 -Sfoobar" now shows 4 commits that changes the + number of occurrences of string "foobar"; it used to scan only for 4 + commits and then emitted only matching ones. + + * "git log --first-parent --boundary $c^..$c" segfaulted on a merge. + + * "git pull" into an empty branch should have behaved as if + fast-forwarding from emptiness to the version being pulled, with + the usual protection against overwriting untracked files. + + * "git submodule" that is run while a merge in the superproject is in + conflicted state tried to process each conflicted submodule up to + three times. + + * "git status" spent all the effort to notice racily-clean index entries + but didn't update the index file to help later operations go faster in + some cases. + +And other minor fixes and documentation updates. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.5.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b7a0eeb22f --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.4.5.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +Git v1.7.4.5 Release Notes +========================== + +This contains only minor documentation fixes accumulated since 1.7.4.4. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.1.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c6ebd76d19 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +Git v1.7.5.1 Release Notes +========================== + +Fixes since v1.7.5 +------------------ + + * When an object "$tree:$path" does not exist, if $path does exist in the + subtree of $tree that corresponds to the subdirectory the user is in, + git now suggests using "$tree:./$path" in addition to the advice to use + the full path from the root of the working tree. + + * The "--date=relative" output format used to say "X years, 12 months" + when it should have said "X+1 years". + + * The smart-HTTP transfer was broken in 1.7.5 when the client needs + to issue a small POST (which uses content-length) and then a large + POST (which uses chunked) back to back. + + * "git clean" used to fail on an empty directory that is not readable, + even though rmdir(2) could remove such a directory. Now we attempt it + as the last resort. + + * The "--dirstat" option of "diff" family of commands used to totally + ignore a change that only rearranged lines within a file. Such a + change now counts as at least a minimum but non zero change. + + * The "--dirstat" option of "diff" family of commands used to use the + pathname in the original, instead of the pathname in the result, + when renames are involved. + + * "git pack-object" did not take core.bigfilethreashold into account + (unlike fast-import); now it does. + + * "git reflog" ignored options like "--format=.." on the command line. + + * "git stash apply" used to refuse to work if there was any change in + the working tree, even when the change did not overlap with the change + the stash recorded. + + * "git stash apply @{99999}" was not diagnosed as an error, even when you + did not have that many stash entries. + + * An error message from "git send-email" to diagnose a broken SMTP + connection configuration lacked a space between "hello=<smtp-domain>" + and "port=<smtp-server-port>". + +And other minor fixes and documentation updates. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.2.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..951eb7cb08 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +Git v1.7.5.2 Release Notes +========================== + +The release notes to 1.7.5.1 forgot to mention: + + * "git stash -p --no-keep-index" and "git stash --no-keep-index -p" now + mean the same thing. + + * "git upload-pack" (hence "git push" over git native protocol) had a + subtle race condition that could lead to a deadlock. + +Fixes since v1.7.5.1 +-------------------- + + * "git add -p" did not work correctly when a hunk is split and then + one of them was given to the editor. + + * "git add -u" did not resolve a conflict where our history deleted and + their history modified the same file, and the working tree resolved to + keep a file. + + * "git cvsimport" did not know that CVSNT stores its password file in a + location different from the traditional CVS. + + * "git diff-files" did not show the mode information from the working + tree side of an unmerged path correctly. + + * "git diff -M --cached" used to use unmerged path as a possible rename + source candidate, which made no sense. + + * The option name parser in "git fast-import" used prefix matches for + some options where it shouldn't, and accepted non-existent options, + e.g. "--relative-marksmith" or "--forceps". + + * "git format-patch" did not quote RFC822 special characters in the + email address (e.g From: Junio C. Hamano <jch@example.com>, not + From: "Junio C. Hamano" <jch@example.com>). + + * "git format-patch" when run with "--quiet" option used to produce a + nonsense result that consists of alternating empty output. + + * In "git merge", per-branch branch.<name>.mergeoptions configuration + variables did not override the fallback default merge.<option> + configuration variables such as merge.ff, merge.log, etc. + + * "git merge-one-file" did not honor GIT_WORK_TREE settings when + handling a "both sides added, differently" conflict. + + * "git mergetool" did not handle conflicted submoudules gracefully. + + * "git-p4" (in contrib) used a wrong base image while merge a file that + was added on both branches differently. + + * "git rebase -i -p" failed to preserve the history when there is a + redundant merge created with the --no-ff option. + +And other minor fixes and documentation updates. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9c03353af2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +Git v1.7.5.3 Release Notes +========================== + +Fixes since v1.7.5.2 +-------------------- + + * The bash completion scripts should correctly work using zsh's bash + completion emulation layer now. + + * Setting $(prefix) in config.mak did not affect where etc/gitconfig + file is read from, even though passing it from the command line of + $(MAKE) did. + + * The logic to handle "&" (expand to UNIX username) in GECOS field + miscounted the length of the name it formatted. + + * "git cherry-pick -s resolve" failed to cherry-pick a root commit. + + * "git diff --word-diff" misbehaved when diff.suppress-blank-empty was + in effect. + + * "git log --stdin path" with an input that has additional pathspec + used to corrupt memory. + + * "git send-pack" (hence "git push") over smalt-HTTP protocol could + deadlock when the client side pack-object died early. + + * Compressed tarball gitweb generates used to be made with the timestamp + of the tarball generation; this was bad because snapshot from the same + tree should result in a same tarball. + +And other minor fixes and documentation updates. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.4.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cf3f455ced --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.4.txt @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +Git v1.7.5.4 Release Notes +========================== + +Fixes since v1.7.5.3 +-------------------- + + * The single-key mode of "git add -p" was easily fooled into thinking + that it was told to add everthing ('a') when up-arrow was pressed by + mistake. + + * Setting a git command that uses custom configuration via "-c var=val" + as an alias caused a crash due to a realloc(3) failure. + + * "git diff -C -C" used to disable the rename detection entirely when + there are too many copy candidate paths in the tree; now it falls + back to "-C" when doing so would keep the copy candidate paths + under the rename detection limit. + + * "git rerere" did not diagnose a corrupt MERGE_RR file in some cases. + +And other minor fixes and documentation updates. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.txt index bb0eb40af4..987919c321 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.txt @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -Git v1.7.5 Release Notes (draft) +Git v1.7.5 Release Notes ======================== Updates since v1.7.4 @@ -8,17 +8,26 @@ Updates since v1.7.4 * Various git-p4 enhancements (in contrib). - * Various vcs-svn enhancements. + * Various vcs-svn, git-svn and gitk enhancements and fixes. + + * Various git-gui updates (0.14.0). * Update to more modern HP-UX port. + * The codebase is getting prepared for i18n/l10n; no translated + strings nor translation mechanism in the code yet, but the strings + are being marked for l10n. + + * The bash completion script can now complete symmetric difference + for "git diff" command, e.g. "git diff ...bra<TAB>". + + * The default minimum length of abbreviated and unique object names + can now be configured by setting the core.abbrev configuration + variable. + * "git apply -v" reports offset lines when the patch does not apply at the exact location recorded in the diff output. - * "git branch --track" (and "git checkout --track --branch") used to - allow setting up a random non-branch that does not make sense to follow - as the "upstream". The command correctly diagnoses it as an error. - * "git config" used to be also known as "git repo-config", but the old name is now officially deprecated. @@ -40,12 +49,43 @@ Updates since v1.7.4 reached, without spewing unnecessary error messages that complain about the server response it never got. + * "git fetch" vs "git upload-pack" transfer learned 'no-done' + protocol extension to save one round-trip after the content + negotiation is done. This saves one HTTP RPC, reducing the overall + latency for a trivial fetch. + + * "git fetch" can be told to recursively fetch submodules on-demand. + + * "git grep -f <filename>" learned to treat "-" as "read from the + standard input stream". + * "git grep --no-index" did not honor pathspecs correctly, returning paths outside the specified area. + * "git init" learned the --separate-git-dir option to allow the git + directory for a new repository created elsewhere and linked via the + gitdir mechanism. This is primarily to help submodule support later + to switch between a branch of superproject that has the submodule + and another that does not. + * "git log" type commands now understand globbing pathspecs. You can say "git log -- '*.txt'" for example. + * "git log" family of commands learned --cherry and --cherry-mark + options that can be used to view two diverged branches while omitting + or highlighting equivalent changes that appear on both sides of a + symmetric difference (e.g. "log --cherry A...B"). + + * A lazy "git merge" that didn't say what to merge used to be an error. + When run on a branch that has an upstream defined, however, the command + now merges from the configured upstream. + + * "git mergetool" learned how to drive "beyond compare 3" as well. + + * "git rerere forget" without pathspec used to forget all the saved + conflicts that relate to the current merge; it now requires you to + give it pathspecs. + * "git rev-list --objects $revs -- $pathspec" now limits the objects listed in its output properly with the pathspec, in preparation for narrow clones. @@ -54,16 +94,16 @@ Updates since v1.7.4 "tracking" is used as the push.default semantics or there is no remote configured yet. + * A possible value to the "push.default" configuration variable, + 'tracking', gained a synonym that more naturally describes what it + does, 'upstream'. + * "git rerere" learned a new subcommand "remaining" that is similar to "status" and lists the paths that had conflicts which are known to rerere, but excludes the paths that have already been marked as resolved in the index from its output. "git mergetool" has been updated to use this facility. - * A possible value to the "push.default" configuration variable, - 'tracking', gained a synonym that more naturally describes what it - does, 'upstream'. - Also contains various documentation updates. @@ -73,25 +113,20 @@ Fixes since v1.7.4 All of the fixes in the v1.7.4.X maintenance series are included in this release, unless otherwise noted. - * We used to keep one file descriptor open for each and every packfile - that we have a mmap window on it (read: "in use"), even when for very - tiny packfiles. We now close the file descriptor early when the entire - packfile fits inside one mmap window. - - * "git apply" used to confuse lines updated by previous hunks as lines - that existed before when applying a hunk, contributing misapplication - of patches with offsets. - - * "git checkout $other_branch" silently removed untracked symbolic links - in the working tree that are in the way in order to check out paths - under it from the named branch (js/checkout-untracked-symlink). - - * "git submodule update" used to honor the --merge/--rebase option (or - corresponding configuration variables) even for a newly cloned - subproject, which made no sense (so/submodule-no-update-first-time). - ---- -exec >/var/tmp/1 -O=v1.7.4.1-291-g01de349 -echo O=$(git describe 'master') -git shortlog --no-merges ^maint ^$O master + * "git fetch" from a client that is mostly following the remote + needlessly told all of its refs to the server for both sides to + compute the set of objects that need to be transferred efficiently, + instead of stopping when the server heard enough. In a project with + many tags, this turns out to be extremely wasteful, especially over + the smart HTTP transport (sp/maint-{upload,fetch}-pack-stop-early~1). + + * "git fetch" run from a repository that uses the same repository as + its alternate object store as the repository it is fetching from + did not tell the server that it already has access to objects + reachable from the refs in their common alternate object store, + causing it to fetch unnecessary objects (jc/maint-fetch-alt). + + * "git remote add --mirror" created a configuration that is suitable for + doing both a mirror fetch and a mirror push at the same time, which + made little sense. We now warn and require the command line to specify + either --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.6.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6ab3252888 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.6.txt @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ +Git v1.7.6 Release Notes (draft) +======================== + +Updates since v1.7.5 +-------------------- + + * Various git-svn updates. + + * Updates the way content tags are handled in gitweb. Also adds + a UI to choose common timezone for displaying the dates. + + * Similar to branch names, tagnames that begin with "-" are now + disallowed. + + * Clean-up of the C part of i18n (but not l10n---please wait) + continues. + + * The scripting part of the codebase is getting prepared for i18n/l10n. + + * Pushing and pulling from a repository with large number of refs that + point to identical commits are optimized by not listing the same commit + during the common ancestor negotiation exchange with the other side. + + * Adding a file larger than core.bigfilethreshold (defaults to 1/2 Gig) + using "git add" will send the contents straight to a packfile without + having to hold it and its compressed representation both at the same + time in memory. + + * Processes spawned by "[alias] <name> = !process" in the configuration + can inspect GIT_PREFIX environment variable to learn where in the + working tree the original command was invoked. + + * A magic pathspec ":/" tells a command that limits its operation to + the current directory when ran from a subdirectory to work on the + entire working tree. In general, ":/path/to/file" would be relative + to the root of the working tree hierarchy. + + After "git reset --hard; edit Makefile; cd t/", "git add -u" would + be a no-op, but "git add -u :/" would add the updated contents of + the Makefile at the top level. If you want to name a path in the + current subdirectory whose unusual name begins with ":/", you can + name it by "./:/that/path" or by "\:/that/path". + + * "git blame" learned "--abbrev[=<n>]" option to control the minimum + number of hexdigits shown for commit object names. + + * "git blame" learned "--line-porcelain" that is less efficient but is + easier to parse. + + * Aborting "git commit --interactive" discards updates to the index + made during the interctive session. + + * "git commit" learned a "--patch" option to directly jump to the + per-hunk selection UI of the interactive mode. + + * "git diff" and its family of commands learned --dirstat=0 to show + directories that contribute less than 0.1% of changes. + + * "git diff" and its family of commands learned --dirstat=lines mode to + assess damage to the directory based on number of lines in the patch + output, not based on the similarity numbers. + + * "git format-patch" learned "--quiet" option to suppress the output of + the names of generated files. + + * "git format-patch" quotes people's names when it has RFC822 special + characters in it, e.g. "Junio C. Hamano" <jch@example.com>. Earlier + it was up to the user to do this when using its output. + + * "git format-patch" can take an empty --subject-prefix now. + + * "git log" and friends learned a new "--notes" option to replace the + "--show-notes" option. Unlike "--show-notes", "--notes=<ref>" does + not imply showing the default notes. + + * They also learned a log.abbrevCommit configuration variable to augment + the --abbrev-commit command line option. + + * "git ls-remote" learned "--exit-code" option to consider it a + different kind of error when no remote ref to be shown. + + * "git merge" learned "-" as a short-hand for "the previous branch", just + like the way "git checkout -" works. + + * "git merge" uses "merge.ff" configuration variable to decide to always + create a merge commit (i.e. --no-ff, aka merge.ff=no), refuse to create + a merge commit (i.e. --ff-only, aka merge.ff=only). Setting merge.ff=yes + (or not setting it at all) restores the default behaviour of allowing + fast-forward to happen when possible. + + * p4-import (from contrib) learned a new option --preserve-user. + + * "git read-tree -m" learned "--dry-run" option that reports if a merge + would fail without touching the index nor the working tree. + + * "git rebase" that does not specify on top of which branch to rebase + the current branch now uses @{upstream} of the current branch. + + * "git rebase" finished either normally or with --abort did not + update the reflog for HEAD to record the event to come back to + where it started from. + + * "git remote add -t only-this-branch --mirror=fetch" is now allowed. Earlier + a fetch-mode mirror meant mirror everything, but now it only means refs are + not renamed. + + * "git rev-list --count" used with "--cherry-mark" counts the cherry-picked + commits separately, producing more a useful output. + + * "git submodule update" learned "--force" option to get rid of local + changes in submodules and replace them with the up-to-date version. + + * "git status" and friends ignore .gitmodules file while the file is + still in a conflicted state during a merge, to avoid using information + that is not final and possibly corrupt with conflict markers. + +Also contains various documentation updates and minor miscellaneous +changes. + + +Fixes since v1.7.5 +------------------ + +Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes in 1.7.5.X maintenance track are +included in this release. + + * "git config" used to choke with an insanely long line. + (merge ef/maint-strbuf-init later) + +--- +exec >/var/tmp/1 +echo O=$(git describe master) +O=v1.7.5.3-365-g7eacc2b +git shortlog --no-merges ^maint ^$O master diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches index c3b0816ed7..938eccf2a5 100644 --- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches +++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches @@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ don't hide your real name. If you like, you can put extra tags at the end: -1. "Reported-by:" is used to to credit someone who found the bug that +1. "Reported-by:" is used to credit someone who found the bug that the patch attempts to fix. 2. "Acked-by:" says that the person who is more familiar with the area the patch attempts to modify liked the patch. @@ -344,50 +344,20 @@ MUA specific hints Some of patches I receive or pick up from the list share common patterns of breakage. Please make sure your MUA is set up -properly not to corrupt whitespaces. Here are two common ones -I have seen: +properly not to corrupt whitespaces. -* Empty context lines that do not have _any_ whitespace. +See the DISCUSSION section of git-format-patch(1) for hints on +checking your patch by mailing it to yourself and applying with +git-am(1). -* Non empty context lines that have one extra whitespace at the - beginning. - -One test you could do yourself if your MUA is set up correctly is: - -* Send the patch to yourself, exactly the way you would, except - To: and Cc: lines, which would not contain the list and - maintainer address. - -* Save that patch to a file in UNIX mailbox format. Call it say - a.patch. - -* Try to apply to the tip of the "master" branch from the - git.git public repository: - - $ git fetch http://kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git master:test-apply - $ git checkout test-apply - $ git reset --hard - $ git am a.patch - -If it does not apply correctly, there can be various reasons. - -* Your patch itself does not apply cleanly. That is _bad_ but - does not have much to do with your MUA. Please rebase the - patch appropriately. - -* Your MUA corrupted your patch; "am" would complain that - the patch does not apply. Look at .git/rebase-apply/ subdirectory and - see what 'patch' file contains and check for the common - corruption patterns mentioned above. - -* While you are at it, check what are in 'info' and - 'final-commit' files as well. If what is in 'final-commit' is - not exactly what you would want to see in the commit log - message, it is very likely that your maintainer would end up - hand editing the log message when he applies your patch. - Things like "Hi, this is my first patch.\n", if you really - want to put in the patch e-mail, should come after the - three-dash line that signals the end of the commit message. +While you are at it, check the resulting commit log message from +a trial run of applying the patch. If what is in the resulting +commit is not exactly what you would want to see, it is very +likely that your maintainer would end up hand editing the log +message when he applies your patch. Things like "Hi, this is my +first patch.\n", if you really want to put in the patch e-mail, +should come after the three-dash line that signals the end of the +commit message. Pine @@ -443,89 +413,10 @@ that or Gentoo did it.) So you need to set the it. -Thunderbird ------------ - -(A Large Angry SCM) - -By default, Thunderbird will both wrap emails as well as flag them as -being 'format=flowed', both of which will make the resulting email unusable -by git. - -Here are some hints on how to successfully submit patches inline using -Thunderbird. - -There are two different approaches. One approach is to configure -Thunderbird to not mangle patches. The second approach is to use -an external editor to keep Thunderbird from mangling the patches. - -Approach #1 (configuration): - -This recipe is current as of Thunderbird 2.0.0.19. Three steps: - 1. Configure your mail server composition as plain text - Edit...Account Settings...Composition & Addressing, - uncheck 'Compose Messages in HTML'. - 2. Configure your general composition window to not wrap - Edit..Preferences..Composition, wrap plain text messages at 0 - 3. Disable the use of format=flowed - Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor. Search for: - mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed - toggle it to make sure it is set to 'false'. - -After that is done, you should be able to compose email as you -otherwise would (cut + paste, git-format-patch | git-imap-send, etc), -and the patches should not be mangled. - -Approach #2 (external editor): - -This recipe appears to work with the current [*1*] Thunderbird from Suse. - -The following Thunderbird extensions are needed: - AboutConfig 0.5 - http://aboutconfig.mozdev.org/ - External Editor 0.7.2 - http://globs.org/articles.php?lng=en&pg=8 - -1) Prepare the patch as a text file using your method of choice. - -2) Before opening a compose window, use Edit->Account Settings to -uncheck the "Compose messages in HTML format" setting in the -"Composition & Addressing" panel of the account to be used to send the -patch. [*2*] - -3) In the main Thunderbird window, _before_ you open the compose window -for the patch, use Tools->about:config to set the following to the -indicated values: - mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed => false - mailnews.wraplength => 0 - -4) Open a compose window and click the external editor icon. - -5) In the external editor window, read in the patch file and exit the -editor normally. - -6) Back in the compose window: Add whatever other text you wish to the -message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send. - -7) Optionally, undo the about:config/account settings changes made in -steps 2 & 3. +Thunderbird, KMail, GMail +------------------------- - -[Footnotes] -*1* Version 1.0 (20041207) from the MozillaThunderbird-1.0-5 rpm of Suse -9.3 professional updates. - -*2* It may be possible to do this with about:config and the following -settings but I haven't tried, yet. - mail.html_compose => false - mail.identity.default.compose_html => false - mail.identity.id?.compose_html => false - -(Lukas Sandström) - -There is a script in contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline which can help -you include patches with Thunderbird in an easy way. To use it, do the -steps above and then use the script as the external editor. +See the MUA-SPECIFIC HINTS section of git-format-patch(1). Gnus ---- @@ -540,72 +431,3 @@ characters (most notably in people's names), and also whitespaces (fatal in patches). Running 'C-u g' to display the message in raw form before using '|' to run the pipe can work this problem around. - - -KMail ------ - -This should help you to submit patches inline using KMail. - -1) Prepare the patch as a text file. - -2) Click on New Mail. - -3) Go under "Options" in the Composer window and be sure that -"Word wrap" is not set. - -4) Use Message -> Insert file... and insert the patch. - -5) Back in the compose window: add whatever other text you wish to the -message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send. - - -Gmail ------ - -GMail does not appear to have any way to turn off line wrapping in the web -interface, so this will mangle any emails that you send. You can however -use "git send-email" and send your patches through the GMail SMTP server, or -use any IMAP email client to connect to the google IMAP server and forward -the emails through that. - -To use "git send-email" and send your patches through the GMail SMTP server, -edit ~/.gitconfig to specify your account settings: - -[sendemail] - smtpencryption = tls - smtpserver = smtp.gmail.com - smtpuser = user@gmail.com - smtppass = p4ssw0rd - smtpserverport = 587 - -Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the -following commands: - - $ git format-patch --cover-letter -M origin/master -o outgoing/ - $ edit outgoing/0000-* - $ git send-email outgoing/* - -To submit using the IMAP interface, first, edit your ~/.gitconfig to specify your -account settings: - -[imap] - folder = "[Gmail]/Drafts" - host = imaps://imap.gmail.com - user = user@gmail.com - pass = p4ssw0rd - port = 993 - sslverify = false - -You might need to instead use: folder = "[Google Mail]/Drafts" if you get an error -that the "Folder doesn't exist". - -Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the -following commands: - - $ git format-patch --cover-letter -M --stdout origin/master | git imap-send - -Just make sure to disable line wrapping in the email client (GMail web -interface will line wrap no matter what, so you need to use a real -IMAP client). - diff --git a/Documentation/blame-options.txt b/Documentation/blame-options.txt index 16e3c68576..e76195ac97 100644 --- a/Documentation/blame-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/blame-options.txt @@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ of lines before or after the line given by <start>. --porcelain:: Show in a format designed for machine consumption. +--line-porcelain:: + Show the porcelain format, but output commit information for + each line, not just the first time a commit is referenced. + Implies --porcelain. + --incremental:: Show the result incrementally in a format designed for machine consumption. diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt index 701fba92dc..6b93777199 100644 --- a/Documentation/config.txt +++ b/Documentation/config.txt @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ Internal whitespace within a variable value is retained verbatim. The values following the equals sign in variable assign are all either a string, an integer, or a boolean. Boolean values may be given as yes/no, -0/1, true/false or on/off. Case is not significant in boolean values, when +1/0, true/false or on/off. Case is not significant in boolean values, when converting value to the canonical form using '--bool' type specifier; 'git config' will ensure that the output is "true" or "false". @@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ core.worktree:: Set the path to the root of the working tree. This can be overridden by the GIT_WORK_TREE environment variable and the '--work-tree' command line option. - The value can an absolute path or relative to the path to + The value can be an absolute path or relative to the path to the .git directory, which is either specified by --git-dir or GIT_DIR, or automatically discovered. If --git-dir or GIT_DIR is specified but none of @@ -442,8 +442,6 @@ for most projects as source code and other text files can still be delta compressed, but larger binary media files won't be. + Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported. -+ -Currently only linkgit:git-fast-import[1] honors this setting. core.excludesfile:: In addition to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and @@ -558,6 +556,12 @@ core.sparseCheckout:: Enable "sparse checkout" feature. See section "Sparse checkout" in linkgit:git-read-tree[1] for more information. +core.abbrev:: + Set the length object names are abbreviated to. If unspecified, + many commands abbreviate to 7 hexdigits, which may not be enough + for abbreviated object names to stay unique for sufficiently long + time. + add.ignore-errors:: add.ignoreErrors:: Tells 'git add' to continue adding files when some files cannot be @@ -583,6 +587,8 @@ it will be treated as a shell command. For example, defining "gitk --all --not ORIG_HEAD". Note that shell commands will be executed from the top-level directory of a repository, which may not necessarily be the current directory. +'GIT_PREFIX' is set as returned by running 'git rev-parse --show-prefix' +from the original current directory. See linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]. am.keepcr:: If true, git-am will call git-mailsplit for patches in mbox format @@ -637,7 +643,7 @@ branch.<name>.remote:: branch.<name>.merge:: Defines, together with branch.<name>.remote, the upstream branch - for the given branch. It tells 'git fetch'/'git pull' which + for the given branch. It tells 'git fetch'/'git pull'/'git rebase' which branch to merge and can also affect 'git push' (see push.default). When in branch <name>, it tells 'git fetch' the default refspec to be marked for merging in FETCH_HEAD. The value is @@ -702,9 +708,16 @@ second is the background. The position of the attribute, if any, doesn't matter. color.diff:: - When set to `always`, always use colors in patch. - When false (or `never`), never. When set to `true` or `auto`, use - colors only when the output is to the terminal. Defaults to false. + Whether to use ANSI escape sequences to add color to patches. + If this is set to `always`, linkgit:git-diff[1], + linkgit:git-log[1], and linkgit:git-show[1] will use color + for all patches. If it is set to `true` or `auto`, those + commands will only use color when output is to the terminal. + Defaults to false. ++ +This does not affect linkgit:git-format-patch[1] nor the +'git-diff-{asterisk}' plumbing commands. Can be overridden on the +command line with the `--color[=<when>]` option. color.diff.<slot>:: Use customized color for diff colorization. `<slot>` specifies @@ -790,11 +803,15 @@ color.status.<slot>:: color.branch.<slot>. color.ui:: - When set to `always`, always use colors in all git commands which - are capable of colored output. When false (or `never`), never. When - set to `true` or `auto`, use colors only when the output is to the - terminal. When more specific variables of color.* are set, they always - take precedence over this setting. Defaults to false. + This variable determines the default value for variables such + as `color.diff` and `color.grep` that control the use of color + per command family. Its scope will expand as more commands learn + configuration to set a default for the `--color` option. Set it + to `always` if you want all output not intended for machine + consumption to use color, to `true` or `auto` if you want such + output to use color when written to the terminal, or to `false` or + `never` if you prefer git commands not to use color unless enabled + explicitly with some other configuration or the `--color` option. commit.status:: A boolean to enable/disable inclusion of status information in the @@ -806,68 +823,7 @@ commit.template:: "{tilde}/" is expanded to the value of `$HOME` and "{tilde}user/" to the specified user's home directory. -diff.autorefreshindex:: - When using 'git diff' to compare with work tree - files, do not consider stat-only change as changed. - Instead, silently run `git update-index --refresh` to - update the cached stat information for paths whose - contents in the work tree match the contents in the - index. This option defaults to true. Note that this - affects only 'git diff' Porcelain, and not lower level - 'diff' commands such as 'git diff-files'. - -diff.external:: - If this config variable is set, diff generation is not - performed using the internal diff machinery, but using the - given command. Can be overridden with the `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' - environment variable. The command is called with parameters - as described under "git Diffs" in linkgit:git[1]. Note: if - you want to use an external diff program only on a subset of - your files, you might want to use linkgit:gitattributes[5] instead. - -diff.mnemonicprefix:: - If set, 'git diff' uses a prefix pair that is different from the - standard "a/" and "b/" depending on what is being compared. When - this configuration is in effect, reverse diff output also swaps - the order of the prefixes: -`git diff`;; - compares the (i)ndex and the (w)ork tree; -`git diff HEAD`;; - compares a (c)ommit and the (w)ork tree; -`git diff --cached`;; - compares a (c)ommit and the (i)ndex; -`git diff HEAD:file1 file2`;; - compares an (o)bject and a (w)ork tree entity; -`git diff --no-index a b`;; - compares two non-git things (1) and (2). - -diff.noprefix:: - If set, 'git diff' does not show any source or destination prefix. - -diff.renameLimit:: - The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename - detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option '-l'. - -diff.renames:: - Tells git to detect renames. If set to any boolean value, it - will enable basic rename detection. If set to "copies" or - "copy", it will detect copies, as well. - -diff.ignoreSubmodules:: - Sets the default value of --ignore-submodules. Note that this - affects only 'git diff' Porcelain, and not lower level 'diff' - commands such as 'git diff-files'. 'git checkout' also honors - this setting when reporting uncommitted changes. - -diff.suppressBlankEmpty:: - A boolean to inhibit the standard behavior of printing a space - before each empty output line. Defaults to false. - -diff.tool:: - Controls which diff tool is used. `diff.tool` overrides - `merge.tool` when used by linkgit:git-difftool[1] and has - the same valid values as `merge.tool` minus "tortoisemerge" - and plus "kompare". +include::diff-config.txt[] difftool.<tool>.path:: Override the path for the given tool. This is useful in case @@ -891,9 +847,13 @@ diff.wordRegex:: characters are *ignorable* whitespace. fetch.recurseSubmodules:: - A boolean value which changes the behavior for fetch and pull, the - default is to not recursively fetch populated submodules unless - configured otherwise. + This option can be either set to a boolean value or to 'on-demand'. + Setting it to a boolean changes the behavior of fetch and pull to + unconditionally recurse into submodules when set to true or to not + recurse at all when set to false. When set to 'on-demand' (the default + value), fetch and pull will only recurse into a populated submodule + when its superproject retrieves a commit that updates the submodule's + reference. fetch.unpackLimit:: If the number of objects fetched over the git native @@ -967,6 +927,16 @@ format.signoff:: the rights to submit this work under the same open source license. Please see the 'SubmittingPatches' document for further discussion. +filter.<driver>.clean:: + The command which is used to convert the content of a worktree + file to a blob upon checkin. See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for + details. + +filter.<driver>.smudge:: + The command which is used to convert the content of a blob + object to a worktree file upon checkout. See + linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details. + gc.aggressiveWindow:: The window size parameter used in the delta compression algorithm used by 'git gc --aggressive'. This defaults @@ -1092,6 +1062,12 @@ All gitcvs variables except for 'gitcvs.usecrlfattr' and is one of "ext" and "pserver") to make them apply only for the given access method. +grep.lineNumber:: + If set to true, enable '-n' option by default. + +grep.extendedRegexp:: + If set to true, enable '--extended-regexp' option by default. + gui.commitmsgwidth:: Defines how wide the commit message window is in the linkgit:git-gui[1]. "75" is the default. @@ -1333,9 +1309,16 @@ instaweb.port:: interactive.singlekey:: In interactive commands, allow the user to provide one-letter input with a single key (i.e., without hitting enter). - Currently this is used only by the `\--patch` mode of - linkgit:git-add[1]. Note that this setting is silently - ignored if portable keystroke input is not available. + Currently this is used by the `\--patch` mode of + linkgit:git-add[1], linkgit:git-checkout[1], linkgit:git-commit[1], + linkgit:git-reset[1], and linkgit:git-stash[1]. Note that this + setting is silently ignored if portable keystroke input + is not available. + +log.abbrevCommit:: + If true, makes linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-show[1], and + linkgit:git-whatchanged[1] assume `\--abbrev-commit`. You may + override this option with `\--no-abbrev-commit`. log.date:: Set the default date-time mode for the 'log' command. @@ -1811,7 +1794,7 @@ submodule.<name>.update:: linkgit:git-submodule[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5] for details. submodule.<name>.fetchRecurseSubmodules:: - This option can be used to enable/disable recursive fetching of this + This option can be used to control recursive fetching of this submodule. It can be overridden by using the --[no-]recurse-submodules command line option to "git fetch" and "git pull". This setting will override that from in the linkgit:gitmodules[5] diff --git a/Documentation/diff-config.txt b/Documentation/diff-config.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1aed79e7dc --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/diff-config.txt @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ +diff.autorefreshindex:: + When using 'git diff' to compare with work tree + files, do not consider stat-only change as changed. + Instead, silently run `git update-index --refresh` to + update the cached stat information for paths whose + contents in the work tree match the contents in the + index. This option defaults to true. Note that this + affects only 'git diff' Porcelain, and not lower level + 'diff' commands such as 'git diff-files'. + +diff.dirstat:: + A comma separated list of `--dirstat` parameters specifying the + default behavior of the `--dirstat` option to linkgit:git-diff[1]` + and friends. The defaults can be overridden on the command line + (using `--dirstat=<param1,param2,...>`). The fallback defaults + (when not changed by `diff.dirstat`) are `changes,noncumulative,3`. + The following parameters are available: ++ +-- +`changes`;; + Compute the dirstat numbers by counting the lines that have been + removed from the source, or added to the destination. This ignores + the amount of pure code movements within a file. In other words, + rearranging lines in a file is not counted as much as other changes. + This is the default behavior when no parameter is given. +`lines`;; + Compute the dirstat numbers by doing the regular line-based diff + analysis, and summing the removed/added line counts. (For binary + files, count 64-byte chunks instead, since binary files have no + natural concept of lines). This is a more expensive `--dirstat` + behavior than the `changes` behavior, but it does count rearranged + lines within a file as much as other changes. The resulting output + is consistent with what you get from the other `--*stat` options. +`files`;; + Compute the dirstat numbers by counting the number of files changed. + Each changed file counts equally in the dirstat analysis. This is + the computationally cheapest `--dirstat` behavior, since it does + not have to look at the file contents at all. +`cumulative`;; + Count changes in a child directory for the parent directory as well. + Note that when using `cumulative`, the sum of the percentages + reported may exceed 100%. The default (non-cumulative) behavior can + be specified with the `noncumulative` parameter. +<limit>;; + An integer parameter specifies a cut-off percent (3% by default). + Directories contributing less than this percentage of the changes + are not shown in the output. +-- ++ +Example: The following will count changed files, while ignoring +directories with less than 10% of the total amount of changed files, +and accumulating child directory counts in the parent directories: +`files,10,cumulative`. + +diff.external:: + If this config variable is set, diff generation is not + performed using the internal diff machinery, but using the + given command. Can be overridden with the `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' + environment variable. The command is called with parameters + as described under "git Diffs" in linkgit:git[1]. Note: if + you want to use an external diff program only on a subset of + your files, you might want to use linkgit:gitattributes[5] instead. + +diff.ignoreSubmodules:: + Sets the default value of --ignore-submodules. Note that this + affects only 'git diff' Porcelain, and not lower level 'diff' + commands such as 'git diff-files'. 'git checkout' also honors + this setting when reporting uncommitted changes. + +diff.mnemonicprefix:: + If set, 'git diff' uses a prefix pair that is different from the + standard "a/" and "b/" depending on what is being compared. When + this configuration is in effect, reverse diff output also swaps + the order of the prefixes: +`git diff`;; + compares the (i)ndex and the (w)ork tree; +`git diff HEAD`;; + compares a (c)ommit and the (w)ork tree; +`git diff --cached`;; + compares a (c)ommit and the (i)ndex; +`git diff HEAD:file1 file2`;; + compares an (o)bject and a (w)ork tree entity; +`git diff --no-index a b`;; + compares two non-git things (1) and (2). + +diff.noprefix:: + If set, 'git diff' does not show any source or destination prefix. + +diff.renameLimit:: + The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename + detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option '-l'. + +diff.renames:: + Tells git to detect renames. If set to any boolean value, it + will enable basic rename detection. If set to "copies" or + "copy", it will detect copies, as well. + +diff.suppressBlankEmpty:: + A boolean to inhibit the standard behavior of printing a space + before each empty output line. Defaults to false. + +diff.<driver>.command:: + The custom diff driver command. See linkgit:gitattributes[5] + for details. + +diff.<driver>.xfuncname:: + The regular expression that the diff driver should use to + recognize the hunk header. A built-in pattern may also be used. + See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details. + +diff.<driver>.binary:: + Set this option to true to make the diff driver treat files as + binary. See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details. + +diff.<driver>.textconv:: + The command that the diff driver should call to generate the + text-converted version of a file. The result of the + conversion is used to generate a human-readable diff. See + linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details. + +diff.<driver>.wordregex:: + The regular expression that the diff driver should use to + split words in a line. See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for + details. + +diff.<driver>.cachetextconv:: + Set this option to true to make the diff driver cache the text + conversion outputs. See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details. + +diff.tool:: + The diff tool to be used by linkgit:git-difftool[1]. This + option overrides `merge.tool`, and has the same valid built-in + values as `merge.tool` minus "tortoisemerge" and plus + "kompare". Any other value is treated as a custom diff tool, + and there must be a corresponding `difftool.<tool>.cmd` + option. diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt index c93124be79..c7ed946357 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt @@ -66,15 +66,49 @@ endif::git-format-patch[] number of modified files, as well as number of added and deleted lines. ---dirstat[=<limit>]:: - Output the distribution of relative amount of changes (number of lines added or - removed) for each sub-directory. Directories with changes below - a cut-off percent (3% by default) are not shown. The cut-off percent - can be set with `--dirstat=<limit>`. Changes in a child directory are not - counted for the parent directory, unless `--cumulative` is used. - ---dirstat-by-file[=<limit>]:: - Same as `--dirstat`, but counts changed files instead of lines. +--dirstat[=<param1,param2,...>]:: + Output the distribution of relative amount of changes for each + sub-directory. The behavior of `--dirstat` can be customized by + passing it a comma separated list of parameters. + The defaults are controlled by the `diff.dirstat` configuration + variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]). + The following parameters are available: ++ +-- +`changes`;; + Compute the dirstat numbers by counting the lines that have been + removed from the source, or added to the destination. This ignores + the amount of pure code movements within a file. In other words, + rearranging lines in a file is not counted as much as other changes. + This is the default behavior when no parameter is given. +`lines`;; + Compute the dirstat numbers by doing the regular line-based diff + analysis, and summing the removed/added line counts. (For binary + files, count 64-byte chunks instead, since binary files have no + natural concept of lines). This is a more expensive `--dirstat` + behavior than the `changes` behavior, but it does count rearranged + lines within a file as much as other changes. The resulting output + is consistent with what you get from the other `--*stat` options. +`files`;; + Compute the dirstat numbers by counting the number of files changed. + Each changed file counts equally in the dirstat analysis. This is + the computationally cheapest `--dirstat` behavior, since it does + not have to look at the file contents at all. +`cumulative`;; + Count changes in a child directory for the parent directory as well. + Note that when using `cumulative`, the sum of the percentages + reported may exceed 100%. The default (non-cumulative) behavior can + be specified with the `noncumulative` parameter. +<limit>;; + An integer parameter specifies a cut-off percent (3% by default). + Directories contributing less than this percentage of the changes + are not shown in the output. +-- ++ +Example: The following will count changed files, while ignoring +directories with less than 10% of the total amount of changed files, +and accumulating child directory counts in the parent directories: +`--dirstat=files,10,cumulative`. --summary:: Output a condensed summary of extended header information @@ -120,12 +154,19 @@ any of those replacements occurred. --color[=<when>]:: Show colored diff. - The value must be always (the default), never, or auto. + The value must be `always` (the default for `<when>`), `never`, or `auto`. + The default value is `never`. +ifdef::git-diff[] + It can be changed by the `color.ui` and `color.diff` + configuration settings. +endif::git-diff[] --no-color:: - Turn off colored diff, even when the configuration file - gives the default to color output. - Same as `--color=never`. + Turn off colored diff. +ifdef::git-diff[] + This can be used to override configuration settings. +endif::git-diff[] + It is the same as `--color=never`. --word-diff[=<mode>]:: Show a word diff, using the <mode> to delimit changed words. @@ -239,7 +280,7 @@ ifdef::git-log[] For following files across renames while traversing history, see `--follow`. endif::git-log[] - If `n` is specified, it is a is a threshold on the similarity + If `n` is specified, it is a threshold on the similarity index (i.e. amount of addition/deletions compared to the file's size). For example, `-M90%` means git should consider a delete/add pair to be a rename if more than 90% of the file @@ -259,6 +300,19 @@ endif::git-log[] projects, so use it with caution. Giving more than one `-C` option has the same effect. +-D:: +--irreversible-delete:: + Omit the preimage for deletes, i.e. print only the header but not + the diff between the preimage and `/dev/null`. The resulting patch + is not meant to be applied with `patch` nor `git apply`; this is + solely for people who want to just concentrate on reviewing the + text after the change. In addition, the output obviously lack + enough information to apply such a patch in reverse, even manually, + hence the name of the option. ++ +When used together with `-B`, omit also the preimage in the deletion part +of a delete/create pair. + -l<num>:: The `-M` and `-C` options require O(n^2) processing time where n is the number of potential rename/copy targets. This diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt index f37276e5ad..39d326abc6 100644 --- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt @@ -65,14 +65,33 @@ ifndef::git-pull[] specified with the remote.<name>.tagopt setting. See linkgit:git-config[1]. ---[no-]recurse-submodules:: - This option controls if new commits of all populated submodules should - be fetched too (see linkgit:git-config[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5]). +--recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]:: + This option controls if and under what conditions new commits of + populated submodules should be fetched too. It can be used as a + boolean option to completely disable recursion when set to 'no' or to + unconditionally recurse into all populated submodules when set to + 'yes', which is the default when this option is used without any + value. Use 'on-demand' to only recurse into a populated submodule + when the superproject retrieves a commit that updates the submodule's + reference to a commit that isn't already in the local submodule + clone. + +--no-recurse-submodules:: + Disable recursive fetching of submodules (this has the same effect as + using the '--recurse-submodules=no' option). --submodule-prefix=<path>:: Prepend <path> to paths printed in informative messages such as "Fetching submodule foo". This option is used internally when recursing over submodules. + +--recurse-submodules-default=[yes|on-demand]:: + This option is used internally to temporarily provide a + non-negative default value for the --recurse-submodules + option. All other methods of configuring fetch's submodule + recursion (such as settings in linkgit:gitmodules[5] and + linkgit:git-config[1]) override this option, as does + specifying --[no-]recurse-submodules directly. endif::git-pull[] -u:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-add.txt b/Documentation/git-add.txt index 7eebbefe7b..9c1d395722 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-add.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-add.txt @@ -134,6 +134,8 @@ subdirectories. If some files could not be added because of errors indexing them, do not abort the operation, but continue adding the others. The command shall still exit with non-zero status. + The configuration variable `add.ignoreErrors` can be set to + true to make this the default behaviour. --ignore-missing:: This option can only be used together with --dry-run. By using @@ -272,7 +274,8 @@ patch:: This lets you choose one path out of a 'status' like selection. After choosing the path, it presents the diff between the index and the working tree file and asks you if you want to stage - the change of each hunk. You can say: + the change of each hunk. You can select one of the following + options and type return: y - stage this hunk n - do not stage this hunk @@ -291,6 +294,9 @@ patch:: + After deciding the fate for all hunks, if there is any hunk that was chosen, the index is updated with the selected hunks. ++ +You can omit having to type return here, by setting the configuration +variable `interactive.singlekey` to `true`. diff:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-am.txt b/Documentation/git-am.txt index 621b720091..6b1b5af64e 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-am.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-am.txt @@ -173,9 +173,9 @@ aborts in the middle. You can recover from this in one of two ways: the index file to bring it into a state that the patch should have produced. Then run the command with the '--resolved' option. -The command refuses to process new mailboxes while the `.git/rebase-apply` -directory exists, so if you decide to start over from scratch, -run `rm -f -r .git/rebase-apply` before running the command with mailbox +The command refuses to process new mailboxes until the current +operation is finished, so if you decide to start over from scratch, +run `git am --abort` before running the command with mailbox names. Before any patches are applied, ORIG_HEAD is set to the tip of the diff --git a/Documentation/git-archive.txt b/Documentation/git-archive.txt index f2b8684596..9c750e2444 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-archive.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-archive.txt @@ -98,7 +98,8 @@ tar.umask:: tar archive entries. The default is 0002, which turns off the world write bit. The special value "user" indicates that the archiving user's umask will be used instead. See umask(2) for - details. + details. If `--remote` is used then only the configuration of + the remote repository takes effect. ATTRIBUTES ---------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt index 4b4b096ce5..7b7bafba0c 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt @@ -279,53 +279,68 @@ $ git bisect start HEAD origin -- # HEAD is bad, origin is good $ git bisect run make test # "make test" builds and tests ------------ -* Automatically bisect a broken test suite: +* Automatically bisect a broken test case: + ------------ $ cat ~/test.sh #!/bin/sh -make || exit 125 # this skips broken builds -make test # "make test" runs the test suite -$ git bisect start v1.3 v1.1 -- # v1.3 is bad, v1.1 is good +make || exit 125 # this skips broken builds +~/check_test_case.sh # does the test case pass? +$ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 -- # culprit is among the last 10 $ git bisect run ~/test.sh ------------ + Here we use a "test.sh" custom script. In this script, if "make" fails, we skip the current commit. +"check_test_case.sh" should "exit 0" if the test case passes, +and "exit 1" otherwise. + -It is safer to use a custom script outside the repository to prevent -interactions between the bisect, make and test processes and the -script. -+ -"make test" should "exit 0", if the test suite passes, and -"exit 1" otherwise. +It is safer if both "test.sh" and "check_test_case.sh" are +outside the repository to prevent interactions between the bisect, +make and test processes and the scripts. -* Automatically bisect a broken test case: +* Automatically bisect with temporary modifications (hot-fix): + ------------ $ cat ~/test.sh #!/bin/sh -make || exit 125 # this skips broken builds -~/check_test_case.sh # does the test case passes ? -$ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 -- # culprit is among the last 10 -$ git bisect run ~/test.sh + +# tweak the working tree by merging the hot-fix branch +# and then attempt a build +if git merge --no-commit hot-fix && + make +then + # run project specific test and report its status + ~/check_test_case.sh + status=$? +else + # tell the caller this is untestable + status=125 +fi + +# undo the tweak to allow clean flipping to the next commit +git reset --hard + +# return control +exit $status ------------ + -Here "check_test_case.sh" should "exit 0" if the test case passes, -and "exit 1" otherwise. -+ -It is safer if both "test.sh" and "check_test_case.sh" scripts are -outside the repository to prevent interactions between the bisect, -make and test processes and the scripts. +This applies modifications from a hot-fix branch before each test run, +e.g. in case your build or test environment changed so that older +revisions may need a fix which newer ones have already. (Make sure the +hot-fix branch is based off a commit which is contained in all revisions +which you are bisecting, so that the merge does not pull in too much, or +use `git cherry-pick` instead of `git merge`.) -* Automatically bisect a broken test suite: +* Automatically bisect a broken test case: + ------------ $ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 -- # culprit is among the last 10 $ git bisect run sh -c "make || exit 125; ~/check_test_case.sh" ------------ + -Does the same as the previous example, but on a single line. +This shows that you can do without a run script if you write the test +on a single line. SEE ALSO -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-blame.txt b/Documentation/git-blame.txt index c4d1ff86c9..9516914236 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-blame.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-blame.txt @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git blame' [-c] [-b] [-l] [--root] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-s] [-e] [-p] [-w] [--incremental] [-L n,m] - [-S <revs-file>] [-M] [-C] [-C] [-C] [--since=<date>] + [-S <revs-file>] [-M] [-C] [-C] [-C] [--since=<date>] [--abbrev=<n>] [<rev> | --contents <file> | --reverse <rev>] [--] <file> DESCRIPTION @@ -73,6 +73,11 @@ include::blame-options.txt[] Ignore whitespace when comparing the parent's version and the child's to find where the lines came from. +--abbrev=<n>:: + Instead of using the default 7+1 hexadecimal digits as the + abbreviated object name, use <n>+1 digits. Note that 1 column + is used for a caret to mark the boundary commit. + THE PORCELAIN FORMAT -------------------- @@ -100,6 +105,19 @@ The contents of the actual line is output after the above header, prefixed by a TAB. This is to allow adding more header elements later. +The porcelain format generally suppresses commit information that has +already been seen. For example, two lines that are blamed to the same +commit will both be shown, but the details for that commit will be shown +only once. This is more efficient, but may require more state be kept by +the reader. The `--line-porcelain` option can be used to output full +commit information for each line, allowing simpler (but less efficient) +usage like: + + # count the number of lines attributed to each author + git blame --line-porcelain file | + sed -n 's/^author //p' | + sort | uniq -c | sort -rn + SPECIFYING RANGES ----------------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt index 1063f69023..c0a96e6c1e 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS 'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [--detach] [<commit>] 'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [[-b|-B|--orphan] <new_branch>] [<start_point>] 'git checkout' [-f|--ours|--theirs|-m|--conflict=<style>] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>... -'git checkout' --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...] +'git checkout' [-p|--patch] [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...] DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ $ git checkout <branch> that is to say, the branch is not reset/created unless "git checkout" is successful. -'git checkout' [--patch] [<tree-ish>] [--] <pathspec>...:: +'git checkout' [-p|--patch] [<tree-ish>] [--] <pathspec>...:: When <paths> or `--patch` are given, 'git checkout' does *not* switch branches. It updates the named paths in the working tree @@ -183,7 +183,8 @@ the conflicted merge in the specified paths. working tree (and if a <tree-ish> was specified, the index). + This means that you can use `git checkout -p` to selectively discard -edits from your current working tree. +edits from your current working tree. See the ``Interactive Mode'' +section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `\--patch` mode. <branch>:: Branch to checkout; if it refers to a branch (i.e., a name that, diff --git a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt index 01db83039f..9d8fe0d261 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt @@ -51,9 +51,10 @@ OPTIONS message prior to committing. -x:: - When recording the commit, append to the original commit - message a note that indicates which commit this change - was cherry-picked from. Append the note only for cherry + When recording the commit, append a line that says + "(cherry picked from commit ...)" to the original commit + message in order to indicate which commit this change was + cherry-picked from. This is done only for cherry picks without conflicts. Do not use this option if you are cherry-picking from your private branch because the information is useless to the recipient. If on the diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt index 8577480074..b093e45497 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS 'git clone' [--template=<template_directory>] [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror] [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>] + [--separate-git-dir <git dir>] [--depth <depth>] [--recursive|--recurse-submodules] [--] <repository> [<directory>] @@ -176,6 +177,14 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository. repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of `--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given) +--separate-git-dir=<git dir>:: + Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed + to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory, + then make a filesytem-agnostic git symbolic link to there. + The result is git repository can be separated from working + tree. + + <repository>:: The (possibly remote) repository to clone from. See the <<URLS,URLS>> section below for more information on specifying diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt index d0534b8c05..7951cb7b00 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt @@ -8,11 +8,12 @@ git-commit - Record changes to the repository SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git commit' [-a | --interactive] [-s] [-v] [-u<mode>] [--amend] [--dry-run] - [(-c | -C | --fixup | --squash) <commit>] [-F <file> | -m <msg>] - [--reset-author] [--allow-empty] [--allow-empty-message] [--no-verify] - [-e] [--author=<author>] [--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>] - [--status | --no-status] [-i | -o] [--] [<file>...] +'git commit' [-a | --interactive | --patch] [-s] [-v] [-u<mode>] [--amend] + [--dry-run] [(-c | -C | --fixup | --squash) <commit>] + [-F <file> | -m <msg>] [--reset-author] [--allow-empty] + [--allow-empty-message] [--no-verify] [-e] [--author=<author>] + [--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>] [--status | --no-status] + [-i | -o] [--] [<file>...] DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -39,9 +40,10 @@ The content to be added can be specified in several ways: that have been removed from the working tree, and then perform the actual commit; -5. by using the --interactive switch with the 'commit' command to decide one - by one which files should be part of the commit, before finalizing the - operation. Currently, this is done by invoking 'git add --interactive'. +5. by using the --interactive or --patch switches with the 'commit' command + to decide one by one which files or hunks should be part of the commit, + before finalizing the operation. See the ``Interactive Mode`` section of + linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate these modes. The `--dry-run` option can be used to obtain a summary of what is included by any of the above for the next @@ -59,6 +61,12 @@ OPTIONS been modified and deleted, but new files you have not told git about are not affected. +-p:: +--patch:: + Use the interactive patch selection interface to chose + which changes to commit. See linkgit:git-add[1] for + details. + -C <commit>:: --reuse-message=<commit>:: Take an existing commit object, and reuse the log message diff --git a/Documentation/git-config.txt b/Documentation/git-config.txt index 8804de327f..e7ecf5d803 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-config.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-config.txt @@ -50,16 +50,18 @@ The default is to assume the config file of the current repository, .git/config unless defined otherwise with GIT_DIR and GIT_CONFIG (see <<FILES>>). -This command will fail if: - -. The config file is invalid, -. Can not write to the config file, -. no section was provided, -. the section or key is invalid, -. you try to unset an option which does not exist, -. you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match, or -. you use '--global' option without $HOME being properly set. - +This command will fail (with exit code ret) if: + +. The config file is invalid (ret=3), +. can not write to the config file (ret=4), +. no section or name was provided (ret=2), +. the section or key is invalid (ret=1), +. you try to unset an option which does not exist (ret=5), +. you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match (ret=5), +. you try to use an invalid regexp (ret=6), or +. you use '--global' option without $HOME being properly set (ret=128). + +On success, the command returns the exit code 0. OPTIONS ------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt index 88d814af0e..827bc988ed 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt @@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ Configuring database backend 'git-cvsserver' uses the Perl DBI module. Please also read its documentation if changing these variables, especially -about `DBI->connect()`. +about `DBI\->connect()`. gitcvs.dbname:: Database name. The exact meaning depends on the diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt index 6d18486402..2ea22abca2 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt @@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ show that. So let's say that you have edited `kernel/sched.c`, but have not actually done a 'git update-index' on it yet - there is no "object" associated with the new state, and you get: - torvalds@ppc970:~/v2.6/linux> git diff-index HEAD - *100644->100664 blob 7476bb......->000000...... kernel/sched.c + torvalds@ppc970:~/v2.6/linux> git diff-index --abbrev HEAD + :100644 100664 7476bb... 000000... kernel/sched.c i.e., it shows that the tree has changed, and that `kernel/sched.c` has is not up-to-date and may contain new stuff. The all-zero sha1 means that to diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt index 4e5f127efa..1439486e40 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt @@ -138,8 +138,8 @@ so it can be used to name subdirectories. An example of normal usage is: - torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git diff-tree 5319e4...... - *100664->100664 blob ac348b.......->a01513....... git-fsck-objects.c + torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git diff-tree --abbrev 5319e4 + :100664 100664 ac348b... a01513... git-fsck-objects.c which tells you that the last commit changed just one file (it's from this one: diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt index 2c2ea12c5c..249249aac7 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ OPTIONS skips the file if it does not exist. --relative-marks:: - After specifying --relative-marks= the paths specified + After specifying --relative-marks the paths specified with --import-marks= and --export-marks= are relative to an internal directory in the current repository. In git-fast-import this means that the paths are relative @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ OPTIONS --no-relative-marks:: Negates a previous --relative-marks. Allows for combining relative and non-relative marks by interweaving - --(no-)-relative-marks= with the --(import|export)-marks= + --(no-)-relative-marks with the --(import|export)-marks= options. --cat-blob-fd=<fd>:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt index 7146f6ba0b..60ac8d26eb 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ pointed by remote tags that it does not yet have, then fetch those missing tags. If the other end has tags that point at branches you are not interested in, you will not get them. -'git fetch' can fetch from either a single named repository, or +'git fetch' can fetch from either a single named repository, or from several repositories at once if <group> is given and there is a remotes.<group> entry in the configuration file. (See linkgit:git-config[1]). @@ -76,6 +76,15 @@ The `pu` branch will be updated even if it is does not fast-forward, because it is prefixed with a plus sign; `tmp` will not be. +BUGS +---- +Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked +out submodules right now. When e.g. upstream added a new submodule in the +just fetched commits of the superproject the submodule itself can not be +fetched, making it impossible to check out that submodule later without +having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future git +version. + SEE ALSO -------- linkgit:git-pull[1] diff --git a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt index 03c76c717a..9dc1f2a947 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt @@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ git filter-branch --index-filter \ 'git ls-files -s | sed "s-\t\"*-&newsubdir/-" | GIT_INDEX_FILE=$GIT_INDEX_FILE.new \ git update-index --index-info && - mv $GIT_INDEX_FILE.new $GIT_INDEX_FILE' HEAD + mv "$GIT_INDEX_FILE.new" "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"' HEAD --------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt index a5525e9aa8..d13c9b23f7 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [--ignore-if-in-upstream] [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix] [--to=<email>] [--cc=<email>] - [--cover-letter] + [--cover-letter] [--quiet] [<common diff options>] [ <since> | <revision range> ] @@ -196,6 +196,9 @@ will want to ensure that threading is disabled for `git send-email`. Note that the leading character does not have to be a dot; for example, you can use `--suffix=-patch` to get `0001-description-of-my-change-patch`. +--quiet:: + Do not print the names of the generated files to standard output. + --no-binary:: Do not output contents of changes in binary files, instead display a notice that those files changed. Patches generated @@ -229,6 +232,233 @@ attachments, and sign off patches with configuration variables. ------------ +DISCUSSION +---------- + +The patch produced by 'git format-patch' is in UNIX mailbox format, +with a fixed "magic" time stamp to indicate that the file is output +from format-patch rather than a real mailbox, like so: + +------------ +From 8f72bad1baf19a53459661343e21d6491c3908d3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 +From: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> +Date: Tue, 13 Jul 2010 11:42:54 -0700 +Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?[IA64]=20Put=20ia64=20config=20files=20on=20the=20?= + =?UTF-8?q?Uwe=20Kleine-K=C3=B6nig=20diet?= +MIME-Version: 1.0 +Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 +Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit + +arch/arm config files were slimmed down using a python script +(See commit c2330e286f68f1c408b4aa6515ba49d57f05beae comment) + +Do the same for ia64 so we can have sleek & trim looking +... +------------ + +Typically it will be placed in a MUA's drafts folder, edited to add +timely commentary that should not go in the changelog after the three +dashes, and then sent as a message whose body, in our example, starts +with "arch/arm config files were...". On the receiving end, readers +can save interesting patches in a UNIX mailbox and apply them with +linkgit:git-am[1]. + +When a patch is part of an ongoing discussion, the patch generated by +'git format-patch' can be tweaked to take advantage of the 'git am +--scissors' feature. After your response to the discussion comes a +line that consists solely of "`-- >8 --`" (scissors and perforation), +followed by the patch with unnecessary header fields removed: + +------------ +... +> So we should do such-and-such. + +Makes sense to me. How about this patch? + +-- >8 -- +Subject: [IA64] Put ia64 config files on the Uwe Kleine-König diet + +arch/arm config files were slimmed down using a python script +... +------------ + +When sending a patch this way, most often you are sending your own +patch, so in addition to the "`From $SHA1 $magic_timestamp`" marker you +should omit `From:` and `Date:` lines from the patch file. The patch +title is likely to be different from the subject of the discussion the +patch is in response to, so it is likely that you would want to keep +the Subject: line, like the example above. + +Checking for patch corruption +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +Many mailers if not set up properly will corrupt whitespace. Here are +two common types of corruption: + +* Empty context lines that do not have _any_ whitespace. + +* Non-empty context lines that have one extra whitespace at the + beginning. + +One way to test if your MUA is set up correctly is: + +* Send the patch to yourself, exactly the way you would, except + with To: and Cc: lines that do not contain the list and + maintainer address. + +* Save that patch to a file in UNIX mailbox format. Call it a.patch, + say. + +* Apply it: + + $ git fetch <project> master:test-apply + $ git checkout test-apply + $ git reset --hard + $ git am a.patch + +If it does not apply correctly, there can be various reasons. + +* The patch itself does not apply cleanly. That is _bad_ but + does not have much to do with your MUA. You might want to rebase + the patch with linkgit:git-rebase[1] before regenerating it in + this case. + +* The MUA corrupted your patch; "am" would complain that + the patch does not apply. Look in the .git/rebase-apply/ subdirectory and + see what 'patch' file contains and check for the common + corruption patterns mentioned above. + +* While at it, check the 'info' and 'final-commit' files as well. + If what is in 'final-commit' is not exactly what you would want to + see in the commit log message, it is very likely that the + receiver would end up hand editing the log message when applying + your patch. Things like "Hi, this is my first patch.\n" in the + patch e-mail should come after the three-dash line that signals + the end of the commit message. + +MUA-SPECIFIC HINTS +------------------ +Here are some hints on how to successfully submit patches inline using +various mailers. + +GMail +~~~~~ +GMail does not have any way to turn off line wrapping in the web +interface, so it will mangle any emails that you send. You can however +use "git send-email" and send your patches through the GMail SMTP server, or +use any IMAP email client to connect to the google IMAP server and forward +the emails through that. + +For hints on using 'git send-email' to send your patches through the +GMail SMTP server, see the EXAMPLE section of linkgit:git-send-email[1]. + +For hints on submission using the IMAP interface, see the EXAMPLE +section of linkgit:git-imap-send[1]. + +Thunderbird +~~~~~~~~~~~ +By default, Thunderbird will both wrap emails as well as flag +them as being 'format=flowed', both of which will make the +resulting email unusable by git. + +There are three different approaches: use an add-on to turn off line wraps, +configure Thunderbird to not mangle patches, or use +an external editor to keep Thunderbird from mangling the patches. + +Approach #1 (add-on) +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +Install the Toggle Word Wrap add-on that is available from +https://addons.mozilla.org/thunderbird/addon/toggle-word-wrap/ +It adds a menu entry "Enable Word Wrap" in the composer's "Options" menu +that you can tick off. Now you can compose the message as you otherwise do +(cut + paste, 'git format-patch' | 'git imap-send', etc), but you have to +insert line breaks manually in any text that you type. + +Approach #2 (configuration) +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ +Three steps: + +1. Configure your mail server composition as plain text: + Edit...Account Settings...Composition & Addressing, + uncheck "Compose Messages in HTML". + +2. Configure your general composition window to not wrap. ++ +In Thunderbird 2: +Edit..Preferences..Composition, wrap plain text messages at 0 ++ +In Thunderbird 3: +Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor. Search for +"mail.wrap_long_lines". +Toggle it to make sure it is set to `false`. + +3. Disable the use of format=flowed: +Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor. Search for +"mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed". +Toggle it to make sure it is set to `false`. + +After that is done, you should be able to compose email as you +otherwise would (cut + paste, 'git format-patch' | 'git imap-send', etc), +and the patches will not be mangled. + +Approach #3 (external editor) +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +The following Thunderbird extensions are needed: +AboutConfig from http://aboutconfig.mozdev.org/ and +External Editor from http://globs.org/articles.php?lng=en&pg=8 + +1. Prepare the patch as a text file using your method of choice. + +2. Before opening a compose window, use Edit->Account Settings to + uncheck the "Compose messages in HTML format" setting in the + "Composition & Addressing" panel of the account to be used to + send the patch. + +3. In the main Thunderbird window, 'before' you open the compose + window for the patch, use Tools->about:config to set the + following to the indicated values: ++ +---------- + mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed => false + mailnews.wraplength => 0 +---------- + +4. Open a compose window and click the external editor icon. + +5. In the external editor window, read in the patch file and exit + the editor normally. + +Side note: it may be possible to do step 2 with +about:config and the following settings but no one's tried yet. + +---------- + mail.html_compose => false + mail.identity.default.compose_html => false + mail.identity.id?.compose_html => false +---------- + +There is a script in contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline which can help +you include patches with Thunderbird in an easy way. To use it, do the +steps above and then use the script as the external editor. + +KMail +~~~~~ +This should help you to submit patches inline using KMail. + +1. Prepare the patch as a text file. + +2. Click on New Mail. + +3. Go under "Options" in the Composer window and be sure that + "Word wrap" is not set. + +4. Use Message -> Insert file... and insert the patch. + +5. Back in the compose window: add whatever other text you wish to the + message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send. + + EXAMPLES -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt index c9ede794b0..a2a508dc28 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ index file, all SHA1 references in .git/refs/*, and all reflogs (unless --no-reflogs is given) as heads. --unreachable:: - Print out objects that exist but that aren't readable from any + Print out objects that exist but that aren't reachable from any of the reference nodes. --root:: @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ It tests SHA1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking of the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the '--unreachable' flag it will also print out objects that exist but -that aren't readable from any of the specified head nodes. +that aren't reachable from any of the specified head nodes. So for example diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt index d4d425ea30..e150c77cff 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt @@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ SYNOPSIS 'git grep' [-a | --text] [-I] [-i | --ignore-case] [-w | --word-regexp] [-v | --invert-match] [-h|-H] [--full-name] [-E | --extended-regexp] [-G | --basic-regexp] - [-F | --fixed-strings] [-n] + [-P | --perl-regexp] + [-F | --fixed-strings] [-n | --line-number] [-l | --files-with-matches] [-L | --files-without-match] [(-O | --open-files-in-pager) [<pager>]] [-z | --null] @@ -31,6 +32,16 @@ Look for specified patterns in the tracked files in the work tree, blobs registered in the index file, or blobs in given tree objects. +CONFIGURATION +------------- + +grep.lineNumber:: + If set to true, enable '-n' option by default. + +grep.extendedRegexp:: + If set to true, enable '--extended-regexp' option by default. + + OPTIONS ------- --cached:: @@ -87,12 +98,18 @@ OPTIONS Use POSIX extended/basic regexp for patterns. Default is to use basic regexp. +-P:: +--perl-regexp:: + Use Perl-compatible regexp for patterns. Requires libpcre to be + compiled in. + -F:: --fixed-strings:: Use fixed strings for patterns (don't interpret pattern as a regex). -n:: +--line-number:: Prefix the line number to matching lines. -l:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt b/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt index d3013d6a29..4e09708cc9 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt @@ -111,6 +111,31 @@ Using direct mode with SSL: .......................... +EXAMPLE +------- +To submit patches using GMail's IMAP interface, first, edit your ~/.gitconfig +to specify your account settings: + +--------- +[imap] + folder = "[Gmail]/Drafts" + host = imaps://imap.gmail.com + user = user@gmail.com + port = 993 + sslverify = false +--------- + +You might need to instead use: folder = "[Google Mail]/Drafts" if you get an error +that the "Folder doesn't exist". + +Once the commits are ready to be sent, run the following command: + + $ git format-patch --cover-letter -M --stdout origin/master | git imap-send + +Just make sure to disable line wrapping in the email client (GMail's web +interface will wrap lines no matter what, so you need to use a real +IMAP client). + CAUTION ------- It is still your responsibility to make sure that the email message @@ -124,6 +149,10 @@ Thunderbird in particular is known to be problematic. Thunderbird users may wish to visit this web page for more information: http://kb.mozillazine.org/Plain_text_e-mail_-_Thunderbird#Completely_plain_email +SEE ALSO +-------- +linkgit:git-format-patch[1], linkgit:git-send-email[1], mbox(5) + GIT --- Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git-init-db.txt b/Documentation/git-init-db.txt index 2c4c716f33..9f97f5a915 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-init-db.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-init-db.txt @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-init-db - Creates an empty git repository SYNOPSIS -------- -'git init-db' [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template_directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] +'git init-db' [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template_directory>] [--separate-git-dir <git dir>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] DESCRIPTION diff --git a/Documentation/git-init.txt b/Documentation/git-init.txt index 593192555e..f2777a7786 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-init.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-init.txt @@ -8,9 +8,32 @@ git-init - Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one SYNOPSIS -------- -'git init' [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template_directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] [directory] +'git init' [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template_directory>] + [--separate-git-dir <git dir>] + [--shared[=<permissions>]] [directory] +DESCRIPTION +----------- + +This command creates an empty git repository - basically a `.git` +directory with subdirectories for `objects`, `refs/heads`, +`refs/tags`, and template files. An initial `HEAD` file that +references the HEAD of the master branch is also created. + +If the `$GIT_DIR` environment variable is set then it specifies a path +to use instead of `./.git` for the base of the repository. + +If the object storage directory is specified via the +`$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY` environment variable then the sha1 directories +are created underneath - otherwise the default `$GIT_DIR/objects` +directory is used. + +Running 'git init' in an existing repository is safe. It will not +overwrite things that are already there. The primary reason for +rerunning 'git init' is to pick up newly added templates (or to move +the repository to another place if --separate-git-dir is given). + OPTIONS ------- @@ -31,6 +54,15 @@ current working directory. Specify the directory from which templates will be used. (See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section below.) +--separate-git-dir=<git dir>:: + +Instead of initializing the repository where it is supposed to be, +place a filesytem-agnostic git symbolic link there, pointing to the +specified git path, and initialize a git repository at the path. The +result is git repository can be separated from working tree. If this +is reinitialization, the repository will be moved to the specified +path. + --shared[=(false|true|umask|group|all|world|everybody|0xxx)]:: Specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users. This @@ -74,32 +106,6 @@ line, the command is run inside the directory (possibly after creating it). -- -DESCRIPTION ------------ -This command creates an empty git repository - basically a `.git` directory -with subdirectories for `objects`, `refs/heads`, `refs/tags`, and -template files. -An initial `HEAD` file that references the HEAD of the master branch -is also created. - -If the `$GIT_DIR` environment variable is set then it specifies a path -to use instead of `./.git` for the base of the repository. - -If the object storage directory is specified via the `$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY` -environment variable then the sha1 directories are created underneath - -otherwise the default `$GIT_DIR/objects` directory is used. - -Running 'git init' in an existing repository is safe. It will not overwrite -things that are already there. The primary reason for rerunning 'git init' -is to pick up newly added templates. - -Note that 'git init' is the same as 'git init-db'. The command -was primarily meant to initialize the object database, but over -time it has become responsible for setting up the other aspects -of the repository, such as installing the default hooks and -setting the configuration variables. The old name is retained -for backward compatibility reasons. - TEMPLATE DIRECTORY ------------------ diff --git a/Documentation/git-log.txt b/Documentation/git-log.txt index 2c84028838..de5c0d37a5 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-log.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-log.txt @@ -178,9 +178,9 @@ May be an unabbreviated ref name or a glob and may be specified multiple times. A warning will be issued for refs that do not exist, but a glob that does not match any refs is silently ignored. + -This setting can be disabled by the `--no-standard-notes` option, +This setting can be disabled by the `--no-notes` option, overridden by the 'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF' environment variable, -and supplemented by the `--show-notes` option. +and overridden by the `--notes=<ref>` option. GIT --- diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt index c3df8c0ebe..7a9b86a58a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git ls-remote' [--heads] [--tags] [-u <exec> | --upload-pack <exec>] - <repository> [<refs>...] + [--exit-code] <repository> [<refs>...] DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -36,6 +36,12 @@ OPTIONS SSH and where the SSH daemon does not use the PATH configured by the user. +--exit-code:: + Exit with status "2" when no matching refs are found in the remote + repository. Usually the command exits with status "0" to indicate + it successfully talked with the remote repository, whether it + found any matching refs. + <repository>:: Location of the repository. The shorthand defined in $GIT_DIR/branches/ can be used. Use "." (dot) to list references in diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt index ba36ec04f4..b295bf8330 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt @@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ git-merge-base - Find as good common ancestors as possible for a merge SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git merge-base' [-a|--all] [--octopus] <commit> <commit>... +'git merge-base' [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>... +'git merge-base' [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>... 'git merge-base' --independent <commit>... DESCRIPTION @@ -22,23 +23,21 @@ that does not have any better common ancestor is a 'best common ancestor', i.e. a 'merge base'. Note that there can be more than one merge base for a pair of commits. -Unless `--octopus` is given, among the two commits to compute the merge -base from, one is specified by the first commit argument on the command -line; the other commit is a (possibly hypothetical) commit that is a merge -across all the remaining commits on the command line. As the most common -special case, specifying only two commits on the command line means -computing the merge base between the given two commits. +OPERATION MODE +-------------- + +As the most common special case, specifying only two commits on the +command line means computing the merge base between the given two commits. + +More generally, among the two commits to compute the merge base from, +one is specified by the first commit argument on the command line; +the other commit is a (possibly hypothetical) commit that is a merge +across all the remaining commits on the command line. As a consequence, the 'merge base' is not necessarily contained in each of the commit arguments if more than two commits are specified. This is different from linkgit:git-show-branch[1] when used with the `--merge-base` option. -OPTIONS -------- --a:: ---all:: - Output all merge bases for the commits, instead of just one. - --octopus:: Compute the best common ancestors of all supplied commits, in preparation for an n-way merge. This mimics the behavior @@ -51,6 +50,12 @@ OPTIONS from any other. This mimics the behavior of 'git show-branch --independent'. +OPTIONS +------- +-a:: +--all:: + Output all merge bases for the commits, instead of just one. + DISCUSSION ---------- @@ -89,6 +94,9 @@ and the result of `git merge-base A M` is '1'. Commit '2' is also a common ancestor between 'A' and 'M', but '1' is a better common ancestor, because '2' is an ancestor of '1'. Hence, '2' is not a merge base. +The result of `git merge-base --octopus A B C` is '2', because '2' is +the best common ancestor of all commits. + When the history involves criss-cross merges, there can be more than one 'best' common ancestor for two commits. For example, with this topology: diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt index fb4c05b83f..e2e6aba17e 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [verse] 'git merge' [-n] [--stat] [--no-commit] [--squash] [-s <strategy>] [-X <strategy-option>] - [--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] <commit>... + [--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [<commit>...] 'git merge' <msg> HEAD <commit>... 'git merge' --abort @@ -95,8 +95,13 @@ commit or stash your changes before running 'git merge'. <commit>...:: Commits, usually other branch heads, to merge into our branch. - You need at least one <commit>. Specifying more than one - <commit> obviously means you are trying an Octopus. + Specifying more than one commit will create a merge with + more than two parents (affectionately called an Octopus merge). ++ +If no commit is given from the command line, and if `merge.defaultToUpstream` +configuration variable is set, merge the remote tracking branches +that the current branch is configured to use as its upstream. +See also the configuration section of this manual page. PRE-MERGE CHECKS diff --git a/Documentation/git-notes.txt b/Documentation/git-notes.txt index 296f314eae..6a187f2e23 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-notes.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-notes.txt @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ SYNOPSIS 'git notes' merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref> 'git notes' merge --commit [-v | -q] 'git notes' merge --abort [-v | -q] -'git notes' remove [<object>] +'git notes' remove [--ignore-missing] [--stdin] [<object>...] 'git notes' prune [-n | -v] 'git notes' get-ref @@ -57,8 +57,11 @@ list:: add:: Add notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD). Abort if the - object already has notes (use `-f` to overwrite an - existing note). + object already has notes (use `-f` to overwrite existing notes). + However, if you're using `add` interactively (using an editor + to supply the notes contents), then - instead of aborting - + the existing notes will be opened in the editor (like the `edit` + subcommand). copy:: Copy the notes for the first object onto the second object. @@ -103,8 +106,9 @@ When done, the user can either finalize the merge with 'git notes merge --abort'. remove:: - Remove the notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD). - This is equivalent to specifying an empty note message to + Remove the notes for given objects (defaults to HEAD). When + giving zero or one object from the command line, this is + equivalent to specifying an empty note message to the `edit` subcommand. prune:: @@ -151,6 +155,15 @@ OPTIONS 'GIT_NOTES_REF' and the "core.notesRef" configuration. The ref is taken to be in `refs/notes/` if it is not qualified. +--ignore-missing:: + Do not consider it an error to request removing notes from an + object that does not have notes attached to it. + +--stdin:: + Also read the object names to remove notes from from the standard + input (there is no reason you cannot combine this with object + names from the command line). + -n:: --dry-run:: Do not remove anything; just report the object names whose notes diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt index a51071e524..20c8551d6a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ base-name:: --honor-pack-keep:: This flag causes an object already in a local pack that - has a .keep file to be ignored, even if it it would have + has a .keep file to be ignored, even if it would have otherwise been packed. --incremental:: @@ -190,15 +190,20 @@ self-contained. Use `git index-pack --fix-thin` (see linkgit:git-index-pack[1]) to restore the self-contained property. --delta-base-offset:: - A packed archive can express base object of a delta as - either 20-byte object name or as an offset in the - stream, but older version of git does not understand the + A packed archive can express the base object of a delta as + either a 20-byte object name or as an offset in the + stream, but ancient versions of git don't understand the latter. By default, 'git pack-objects' only uses the former format for better compatibility. This option allows the command to use the latter format for compactness. Depending on the average delta chain length, this option typically shrinks the resulting packfile by 3-5 per-cent. ++ +Note: Porcelain commands such as `git gc` (see linkgit:git-gc[1]), +`git repack` (see linkgit:git-repack[1]) pass this option by default +in modern git when they put objects in your repository into pack files. +So does `git bundle` (see linkgit:git-bundle[1]) when it creates a bundle. --threads=<n>:: Specifies the number of threads to spawn when searching for best diff --git a/Documentation/git-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-pull.txt index c2a7f103ee..14609cbd4d 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-pull.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-pull.txt @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ must be given before the options meant for 'git fetch'. --verbose:: Pass --verbose to git-fetch and git-merge. ---[no-]recurse-submodules:: +--[no-]recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]:: This option controls if new commits of all populated submodules should be fetched too (see linkgit:git-config[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5]). That might be necessary to get the data needed for merging submodule @@ -220,6 +220,15 @@ If you tried a pull which resulted in a complex conflicts and would want to start over, you can recover with 'git reset'. +BUGS +---- +Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked +out submodules right now. When e.g. upstream added a new submodule in the +just fetched commits of the superproject the submodule itself can not be +fetched, making it impossible to check out that submodule later without +having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future git +version. + SEE ALSO -------- linkgit:git-fetch[1], linkgit:git-merge[1], linkgit:git-config[1] diff --git a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt index 26fdadc642..46a96f2313 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt @@ -53,6 +53,11 @@ OPTIONS trees that are not directly related to the current working tree status into a temporary index file. +-n:: +--dry-run:: + Check if the command would error out, without updating the index + nor the files in the working tree for real. + -v:: Show the progress of checking files out. diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt index 620d50e71f..9a075bc4d2 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] [--onto <newbase>] - <upstream> [<branch>] + [<upstream>] [<branch>] 'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] --onto <newbase> --root [<branch>] @@ -21,6 +21,12 @@ If <branch> is specified, 'git rebase' will perform an automatic `git checkout <branch>` before doing anything else. Otherwise it remains on the current branch. +If <upstream> is not specified, the upstream configured in +branch.<name>.remote and branch.<name>.merge options will be used; see +linkgit:git-config[1] for details. If you are currently not on any +branch or if the current branch does not have a configured upstream, +the rebase will abort. + All changes made by commits in the current branch but that are not in <upstream> are saved to a temporary area. This is the same set of commits that would be shown by `git log <upstream>..HEAD` (or @@ -217,7 +223,8 @@ leave out at most one of A and B, in which case it defaults to HEAD. <upstream>:: Upstream branch to compare against. May be any valid commit, - not just an existing branch name. + not just an existing branch name. Defaults to the configured + upstream for the current branch. <branch>:: Working branch; defaults to HEAD. diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt b/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt index 87cd11f2c4..58f6ad4994 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt @@ -181,11 +181,11 @@ CAPABILITIES When using the import command, expect the source ref to have been written to the destination ref. The earliest applicable refspec takes precedence. For example - "refs/heads/*:refs/svn/origin/branches/*" means that, after an - "import refs/heads/name", the script has written to + "refs/heads/{asterisk}:refs/svn/origin/branches/{asterisk}" means + that, after an "import refs/heads/name", the script has written to refs/svn/origin/branches/name. If this capability is used at all, it must cover all refs reported by the list command; if - it is not used, it is effectively "*:*" + it is not used, it is effectively "{asterisk}:{asterisk}" REF LIST ATTRIBUTES ------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-remote.txt index 37bd3e5388..528f34a131 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-remote.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-remote.txt @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git remote' [-v | --verbose] -'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--mirror] <name> <url> +'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url> 'git remote rename' <old> <new> 'git remote rm' <name> 'git remote set-head' <name> (-a | -d | <branch>) @@ -67,11 +67,14 @@ multiple branches without grabbing all branches. With `-m <master>` option, `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/HEAD` is set up to point at remote's `<master>` branch. See also the set-head command. + -In mirror mode, enabled with `\--mirror`, the refs will not be stored -in the 'refs/remotes/' namespace, but in 'refs/heads/'. This option -only makes sense in bare repositories. If a remote uses mirror -mode, furthermore, `git push` will always behave as if `\--mirror` -was passed. +When a fetch mirror is created with `\--mirror=fetch`, the refs will not +be stored in the 'refs/remotes/' namespace, but rather everything in +'refs/' on the remote will be directly mirrored into 'refs/' in the +local repository. This option only makes sense in bare repositories, +because a fetch would overwrite any local commits. ++ +When a push mirror is created with `\--mirror=push`, then `git push` +will always behave as if `\--mirror` was passed. 'rename':: diff --git a/Documentation/git-reset.txt b/Documentation/git-reset.txt index 8481f9db74..b2832fc7eb 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-reset.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-reset.txt @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git reset' [-q] [<commit>] [--] <paths>... -'git reset' --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...] +'git reset' [--patch|-p] [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...] 'git reset' [--soft | --mixed | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>] DESCRIPTION @@ -39,8 +39,9 @@ working tree in one go. and <commit> (defaults to HEAD). The chosen hunks are applied in reverse to the index. + -This means that `git reset -p` is the opposite of `git add -p` (see -linkgit:git-add[1]). +This means that `git reset -p` is the opposite of `git add -p`, i.e. +you can use it to selectively reset hunks. See the ``Interactive Mode'' +section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `\--patch` mode. 'git reset' [--<mode>] [<commit>]:: This form resets the current branch head to <commit> and diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt index 5ce4d7fd0b..38fafcaa6b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt @@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ SYNOPSIS [ \--sparse ] [ \--merges ] [ \--no-merges ] + [ \--min-parents=<number> ] + [ \--no-min-parents ] + [ \--max-parents=<number> ] + [ \--no-max-parents ] [ \--first-parent ] [ \--remove-empty ] [ \--full-history ] @@ -25,12 +29,16 @@ SYNOPSIS [ \--tags[=<pattern>] ] [ \--remotes[=<pattern>] ] [ \--glob=<glob-pattern> ] + [ \--ignore-missing ] [ \--stdin ] [ \--quiet ] [ \--topo-order ] [ \--parents ] [ \--timestamp ] [ \--left-right ] + [ \--left-only ] + [ \--right-only ] + [ \--cherry-mark ] [ \--cherry-pick ] [ \--encoding[=<encoding>] ] [ \--(author|committer|grep)=<pattern> ] diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt index ee14f74fd3..5a168cfab2 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt @@ -348,10 +348,12 @@ sendemail.confirm:: one of 'always', 'never', 'cc', 'compose', or 'auto'. See '--confirm' in the previous section for the meaning of these values. +EXAMPLE +------- Use gmail as the smtp server ----------------------------- - -Add the following section to the config file: +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +To use 'git send-email' to send your patches through the GMail SMTP server, +edit ~/.gitconfig to specify your account settings: [sendemail] smtpencryption = tls @@ -359,9 +361,20 @@ Add the following section to the config file: smtpuser = yourname@gmail.com smtpserverport = 587 +Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the +following commands: + + $ git format-patch --cover-letter -M origin/master -o outgoing/ + $ edit outgoing/0000-* + $ git send-email outgoing/* + Note: the following perl modules are required Net::SMTP::SSL, MIME::Base64 and Authen::SASL +SEE ALSO +-------- +linkgit:git-format-patch[1], linkgit:git-imap-send[1], mbox(5) + GIT --- Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git-sh-i18n--envsubst.txt b/Documentation/git-sh-i18n--envsubst.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..61e4c08dac --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/git-sh-i18n--envsubst.txt @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +git-sh-i18n--envsubst(1) +======================== + +NAME +---- +git-sh-i18n--envsubst - Git's own envsubst(1) for i18n fallbacks + +SYNOPSIS +-------- +[verse] +eval_gettext () { + printf "%s" "$1" | ( + export PATH $('git sh-i18n--envsubst' --variables "$1"); + 'git sh-i18n--envsubst' "$1" + ) +} + +DESCRIPTION +----------- + +This is not a command the end user would want to run. Ever. +This documentation is meant for people who are studying the +plumbing scripts and/or are writing new ones. + +git-sh-i18n--envsubst is Git's stripped-down copy of the GNU +`envsubst(1)` program that comes with the GNU gettext package. It's +used internally by linkgit:git-sh-i18n[1] to interpolate the variables +passed to the the `eval_gettext` function. + +No promises are made about the interface, or that this +program won't disappear without warning in the next version +of Git. Don't use it. + +GIT +--- +Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git-sh-i18n.txt b/Documentation/git-sh-i18n.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3b1f7ac7b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/git-sh-i18n.txt @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +git-sh-i18n(1) +============== + +NAME +---- +git-sh-i18n - Git's i18n setup code for shell scripts + +SYNOPSIS +-------- +'. "$(git --exec-path)/git-sh-i18n"' + +DESCRIPTION +----------- + +This is not a command the end user would want to run. Ever. +This documentation is meant for people who are studying the +Porcelain-ish scripts and/or are writing new ones. + +The 'git sh-i18n scriptlet is designed to be sourced (using +`.`) by Git's porcelain programs implemented in shell +script. It provides wrappers for the GNU `gettext` and +`eval_gettext` functions accessible through the `gettext.sh` +script, and provides pass-through fallbacks on systems +without GNU gettext. + +FUNCTIONS +--------- + +gettext:: + Currently a dummy fall-through function implemented as a wrapper + around `printf(1)`. Will be replaced by a real gettext + implementation in a later version. + +eval_gettext:: + Currently a dummy fall-through function implemented as a wrapper + around `printf(1)` with variables expanded by the + linkgit:git-sh-i18n--envsubst[1] helper. Will be replaced by a + real gettext implementation in a later version. + +GIT +--- +Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt index 053df505bc..27fd8ba854 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt @@ -58,9 +58,14 @@ cd_to_toplevel:: runs chdir to the toplevel of the working tree. require_work_tree:: - checks if the repository is a bare repository, and dies - if so. Used by scripts that require working tree - (e.g. `checkout`). + checks if the current directory is within the working tree + of the repository, and otherwise dies. + +require_work_tree_exists:: + checks if the working tree associated with the repository + exists, and otherwise dies. Often done before calling + cd_to_toplevel, which is impossible to do if there is no + working tree. get_author_ident_from_commit:: outputs code for use with eval to set the GIT_AUTHOR_NAME, diff --git a/Documentation/git-stash.txt b/Documentation/git-stash.txt index 79abc38e50..15f051fa44 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-stash.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-stash.txt @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS 'git stash' drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>] 'git stash' ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>] 'git stash' branch <branchname> [<stash>] -'git stash' [save [--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]] +'git stash' [save [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]] 'git stash' clear 'git stash' create @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ is also possible). OPTIONS ------- -save [--patch] [--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]:: +save [-p|--patch] [--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]:: Save your local modifications to a new 'stash', and run `git reset --hard` to revert them. The <message> part is optional and gives @@ -54,12 +54,13 @@ save [--patch] [--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]:: If the `--keep-index` option is used, all changes already added to the index are left intact. + -With `--patch`, you can interactively select hunks from in the diff +With `--patch`, you can interactively select hunks from the diff between HEAD and the working tree to be stashed. The stash entry is constructed such that its index state is the same as the index state of your repository, and its worktree contains only the changes you selected interactively. The selected changes are then rolled back -from your worktree. +from your worktree. See the ``Interactive Mode'' section of +linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `\--patch` mode. + The `--patch` option implies `--keep-index`. You can use `--no-keep-index` to override this. diff --git a/Documentation/git-status.txt b/Documentation/git-status.txt index 00b699fef7..38cb741f18 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-status.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-status.txt @@ -32,9 +32,10 @@ OPTIONS Show the branch and tracking info even in short-format. --porcelain:: - Give the output in a stable, easy-to-parse format for scripts. - Currently this is identical to --short output, but is guaranteed - not to change in the future, making it safe for scripts. + Give the output in an easy-to-parse format for scripts. + This is similar to the short output, but will remain stable + across git versions and regardless of user configuration. See + below for details. -u[<mode>]:: --untracked-files[=<mode>]:: @@ -78,23 +79,27 @@ OUTPUT The output from this command is designed to be used as a commit template comment, and all the output lines are prefixed with '#'. The default, long format, is designed to be human readable, -verbose and descriptive. They are subject to change in any time. +verbose and descriptive. Its contents and format are subject to change +at any time. The paths mentioned in the output, unlike many other git commands, are made relative to the current directory if you are working in a subdirectory (this is on purpose, to help cutting and pasting). See the status.relativePaths config option below. -In short-format, the status of each path is shown as +Short Format +~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +In the short-format, the status of each path is shown as XY PATH1 -> PATH2 -where `PATH1` is the path in the `HEAD`, and ` -> PATH2` part is +where `PATH1` is the path in the `HEAD`, and the ` \-> PATH2` part is shown only when `PATH1` corresponds to a different path in the index/worktree (i.e. the file is renamed). The 'XY' is a two-letter status code. -The fields (including the `->`) are separated from each other by a +The fields (including the `\->`) are separated from each other by a single space. If a filename contains whitespace or other nonprintable characters, that field will be quoted in the manner of a C string literal: surrounded by ASCII double quote (34) characters, and with @@ -143,10 +148,25 @@ If -b is used the short-format status is preceded by a line ## branchname tracking info -There is an alternate -z format recommended for machine parsing. In +Porcelain Format +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +The porcelain format is similar to the short format, but is guaranteed +not to change in a backwards-incompatible way between git versions or +based on user configuration. This makes it ideal for parsing by scripts. +The description of the short format above also describes the porcelain +format, with a few exceptions: + +1. The user's color.status configuration is not respected; color will + always be off. + +2. The user's status.relativePaths configuration is not respected; paths + shown will always be relative to the repository root. + +There is also an alternate -z format recommended for machine parsing. In that format, the status field is the same, but some other things -change. First, the '->' is omitted from rename entries and the field -order is reversed (e.g 'from -> to' becomes 'to from'). Second, a NUL +change. First, the '\->' is omitted from rename entries and the field +order is reversed (e.g 'from \-> to' becomes 'to from'). Second, a NUL (ASCII 0) follows each filename, replacing space as a field separator and the terminating newline (but a space still separates the status field from the first filename). Third, filenames containing special diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt index 3a5aa01435..5e7a4130ee 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt @@ -101,9 +101,10 @@ status:: currently checked out commit for each submodule, along with the submodule path and the output of 'git describe' for the SHA-1. Each SHA-1 will be prefixed with `-` if the submodule is not - initialized and `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit + initialized, `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit does not match the SHA-1 found in the index of the containing - repository. This command is the default command for 'git submodule'. + repository and `U` if the submodule has merge conflicts. + This command is the default command for 'git submodule'. + If '--recursive' is specified, this command will recurse into nested submodules, and show their status as well. @@ -185,8 +186,10 @@ OPTIONS -f:: --force:: - This option is only valid for the add command. - Allow adding an otherwise ignored submodule path. + This option is only valid for add and update commands. + When running add, allow adding an otherwise ignored submodule path. + When running update, throw away local changes in submodules when + switching to a different commit. --cached:: This option is only valid for status and summary commands. These diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt index ea8fafd18a..713e523034 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-svn.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt @@ -145,17 +145,6 @@ Skip "branches" and "tags" of first level directories;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- ---use-log-author;; - When retrieving svn commits into git (as part of fetch, rebase, or - dcommit operations), look for the first From: or Signed-off-by: line - in the log message and use that as the author string. ---add-author-from;; - When committing to svn from git (as part of commit or dcommit - operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a - From: or Signed-off-by: line, append a From: line based on the - git commit's author string. If you use this, then --use-log-author - will retrieve a valid author string for all commits. - 'clone':: Runs 'init' and 'fetch'. It will automatically create a directory based on the basename of the URL passed to it; @@ -217,6 +206,13 @@ config key: svn.commiturl (overwrites all svn-remote.<name>.commiturl options) Using this option for any other purpose (don't ask) is very strongly discouraged. +--mergeinfo=<mergeinfo>;; + Add the given merge information during the dcommit + (e.g. `--mergeinfo="/branches/foo:1-10"`). All svn server versions can + store this information (as a property), and svn clients starting from + version 1.5 can make use of it. 'git svn' currently does not use it + and does not set it automatically. + 'branch':: Create a branch in the SVN repository. @@ -343,6 +339,8 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git log' Empty directories are automatically recreated when using "git svn clone" and "git svn rebase", so "mkdirs" is intended for use after commands like "git checkout" or "git reset". + (See the svn-remote.<name>.automkdirs config file option for + more information.) 'commit-diff':: Commits the diff of two tree-ish arguments from the @@ -565,6 +563,17 @@ repository that will be fetched from. For 'branch' and 'tag', display the urls that will be used for copying when creating the branch or tag. +--use-log-author:: + When retrieving svn commits into git (as part of 'fetch', 'rebase', or + 'dcommit' operations), look for the first `From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line + in the log message and use that as the author string. +--add-author-from:: + When committing to svn from git (as part of 'commit-diff', 'set-tree' or 'dcommit' + operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a + `From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line, append a `From:` line based on the + git commit's author string. If you use this, then `--use-log-author` + will retrieve a valid author string for all commits. + ADVANCED OPTIONS ---------------- @@ -648,6 +657,16 @@ svn-remote.<name>.rewriteUUID:: where the original UUID is not available via either useSvmProps or useSvnsyncProps. +svn-remote.<name>.pushurl:: + + Similar to git's 'remote.<name>.pushurl', this key is designed + to be used in cases where 'url' points to an SVN repository + via a read-only transport, to provide an alternate read/write + transport. It is assumed that both keys point to the same + repository. Unlike 'commiturl', 'pushurl' is a base path. If + either 'commiturl' or 'pushurl' could be used, 'commiturl' + takes precedence. + svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround:: This disables potentially expensive checks to workaround broken symlinks checked into SVN by broken clients. Set this @@ -663,6 +682,14 @@ svn.pathnameencoding:: locales to avoid corrupted file names with non-ASCII characters. Valid encodings are the ones supported by Perl's Encode module. +svn-remote.<name>.automkdirs:: + Normally, the "git svn clone" and "git svn rebase" commands + attempt to recreate empty directories that are in the + Subversion repository. If this option is set to "false", then + empty directories will only be created if the "git svn mkdirs" + command is run explicitly. If unset, 'git svn' assumes this + option to be "true". + Since the noMetadata, rewriteRoot, rewriteUUID, useSvnsyncProps and useSvmProps options all affect the metadata generated and used by 'git svn'; they *must* be set in the configuration file before any history is imported @@ -757,10 +784,9 @@ use `git svn rebase` to update your work branch instead of `git pull` or when committing into SVN, which can lead to merge commits reversing previous commits in SVN. -DESIGN PHILOSOPHY ------------------ -Merge tracking in Subversion is lacking and doing branched development -with Subversion can be cumbersome as a result. While 'git svn' can track +MERGE TRACKING +-------------- +While 'git svn' can track copy history (including branches and tags) for repositories adopting a standard layout, it cannot yet represent merge history that happened inside git back upstream to SVN users. Therefore it is advised that @@ -770,16 +796,15 @@ compatibility with SVN (see the CAVEATS section below). CAVEATS ------- -For the sake of simplicity and interoperating with a less-capable system -(SVN), it is recommended that all 'git svn' users clone, fetch and dcommit +For the sake of simplicity and interoperating with Subversion, +it is recommended that all 'git svn' users clone, fetch and dcommit directly from the SVN server, and avoid all 'git clone'/'pull'/'merge'/'push' operations between git repositories and branches. The recommended method of exchanging code between git branches and users is 'git format-patch' and 'git am', or just 'dcommit'ing to the SVN repository. Running 'git merge' or 'git pull' is NOT recommended on a branch you -plan to 'dcommit' from. Subversion does not represent merges in any -reasonable or useful fashion; so users using Subversion cannot see any +plan to 'dcommit' from because Subversion users cannot see any merges you've made. Furthermore, if you merge or pull from a git branch that is a mirror of an SVN branch, 'dcommit' may commit to the wrong branch. @@ -829,7 +854,7 @@ Renamed and copied directories are not detected by git and hence not tracked when committing to SVN. I do not plan on adding support for this as it's quite difficult and time-consuming to get working for all the possible corner cases (git doesn't do it, either). Committing -renamed and copied files are fully supported if they're similar enough +renamed and copied files is fully supported if they're similar enough for git to detect them. CONFIGURATION diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt index 61263fa329..d82f62120a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt @@ -165,13 +165,12 @@ You can test which tag you have by doing which should return 0123456789abcdef.. if you have the new version. -Sorry for inconvenience. +Sorry for the inconvenience. ------------ Does this seem a bit complicated? It *should* be. There is no -way that it would be correct to just "fix" it behind peoples -backs. People need to know that their tags might have been -changed. +way that it would be correct to just "fix" it automatically. +People need to know that their tags might have been changed. On Automatic following @@ -189,9 +188,10 @@ the toplevel but not limited to them. Mere mortals when pulling from each other do not necessarily want to automatically get private anchor point tags from the other person. -You would notice "please pull" messages on the mailing list says -repo URL and branch name alone. This is designed to be easily -cut&pasted to a 'git fetch' command line: +Often, "please pull" messages on the mailing list just provide +two pieces of information: a repo URL and a branch name; this +is designed to be easily cut&pasted at the end of a 'git fetch' +command line: ------------ Linus, please pull from @@ -207,14 +207,14 @@ becomes: $ git pull git://git..../proj.git master ------------ -In such a case, you do not want to automatically follow other's -tags. +In such a case, you do not want to automatically follow the other +person's tags. -One important aspect of git is it is distributed, and being -distributed largely means there is no inherent "upstream" or +One important aspect of git is its distributed nature, which +largely means there is no inherent "upstream" or "downstream" in the system. On the face of it, the above example might seem to indicate that the tag namespace is owned -by upper echelon of people and tags only flow downwards, but +by the upper echelon of people and that tags only flow downwards, but that is not the case. It only shows that the usage pattern determines who are interested in whose tags. @@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ this case. It may well be that among networking people, they may want to exchange the tags internal to their group, but in that workflow -they are most likely tracking with each other's progress by +they are most likely tracking each other's progress by having remote-tracking branches. Again, the heuristic to automatically follow such tags is a good thing. @@ -242,21 +242,21 @@ On Backdating Tags If you have imported some changes from another VCS and would like to add tags for major releases of your work, it is useful to be able -to specify the date to embed inside of the tag object. The data in +to specify the date to embed inside of the tag object; such data in the tag object affects, for example, the ordering of tags in the gitweb interface. To set the date used in future tag objects, set the environment -variable GIT_COMMITTER_DATE to one or more of the date and time. The -date and time can be specified in a number of ways; the most common -is "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM". +variable GIT_COMMITTER_DATE (see the later discussion of possible +values; the most common form is "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM"). -An example follows. +For example: ------------ $ GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-10-02 10:31" git tag -s v1.0.1 ------------ +include::date-formats.txt[] SEE ALSO -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt index 5e57f6995a..5c45446a4a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git.txt +++ b/Documentation/git.txt @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git - the stupid content tracker SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git' [--version] [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] +'git' [--version] [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path] [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare] [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [-c <name>=<value>] @@ -44,9 +44,22 @@ unreleased) version of git, that is available from 'master' branch of the `git.git` repository. Documentation for older releases are available here: -* link:v1.7.4.1/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.4.1] +* link:v1.7.5.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.5.4] * release notes for + link:RelNotes/1.7.5.4.txt[1.7.5.4], + link:RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt[1.7.5.3], + link:RelNotes/1.7.5.2.txt[1.7.5.2], + link:RelNotes/1.7.5.1.txt[1.7.5.1], + link:RelNotes/1.7.5.txt[1.7.5]. + +* link:v1.7.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.4.5] + +* release notes for + link:RelNotes/1.7.4.5.txt[1.7.4.5], + link:RelNotes/1.7.4.4.txt[1.7.4.4], + link:RelNotes/1.7.4.3.txt[1.7.4.3], + link:RelNotes/1.7.4.2.txt[1.7.4.2], link:RelNotes/1.7.4.1.txt[1.7.4.1], link:RelNotes/1.7.4.txt[1.7.4]. @@ -278,8 +291,16 @@ help ...`. the current setting and then exit. --html-path:: - Print the path to wherever your git HTML documentation is installed - and exit. + Print the path, without trailing slash, where git's HTML + documentation is installed and exit. + +--man-path:: + Print the manpath (see `man(1)`) for the man pages for + this version of git and exit. + +--info-path:: + Print the path where the Info files documenting this + version of git are installed and exit. -p:: --paginate:: @@ -619,7 +640,6 @@ where: contents of <old|new>, <old|new>-hex:: are the 40-hexdigit SHA1 hashes, <old|new>-mode:: are the octal representation of the file modes. - + The file parameters can point at the user's working file (e.g. `new-file` in "git-diff-files"), `/dev/null` (e.g. `old-file` diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt index 15aebc6062..412c55b549 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt @@ -593,6 +593,37 @@ and now produces better output), you can remove the cache manually with `git update-ref -d refs/notes/textconv/jpg` (where "jpg" is the name of the diff driver, as in the example above). +Choosing textconv versus external diff +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +If you want to show differences between binary or specially-formatted +blobs in your repository, you can choose to use either an external diff +command, or to use textconv to convert them to a diff-able text format. +Which method you choose depends on your exact situation. + +The advantage of using an external diff command is flexibility. You are +not bound to find line-oriented changes, nor is it necessary for the +output to resemble unified diff. You are free to locate and report +changes in the most appropriate way for your data format. + +A textconv, by comparison, is much more limiting. You provide a +transformation of the data into a line-oriented text format, and git +uses its regular diff tools to generate the output. There are several +advantages to choosing this method: + +1. Ease of use. It is often much simpler to write a binary to text + transformation than it is to perform your own diff. In many cases, + existing programs can be used as textconv filters (e.g., exif, + odt2txt). + +2. Git diff features. By performing only the transformation step + yourself, you can still utilize many of git's diff features, + including colorization, word-diff, and combined diffs for merges. + +3. Caching. Textconv caching can speed up repeated diffs, such as those + you might trigger by running `git log -p`. + + Marking files as binary ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ diff --git a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt index 15a2186559..4040941e55 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt @@ -45,12 +45,12 @@ submodule.<name>.update:: the '--merge' or '--rebase' options. submodule.<name>.fetchRecurseSubmodules:: - This option can be used to enable/disable recursive fetching of this + This option can be used to control recursive fetching of this submodule. If this option is also present in the submodules entry in .git/config of the superproject, the setting there will override the one found in .gitmodules. Both settings can be overridden on the command line by using the - "--[no-]recurse-submodules" option to "git fetch" and "git pull".. + "--[no-]recurse-submodules" option to "git fetch" and "git pull". submodule.<name>.ignore:: Defines under what circumstances "git status" and the diff family show diff --git a/Documentation/merge-config.txt b/Documentation/merge-config.txt index 33bf74c334..861bd6f553 100644 --- a/Documentation/merge-config.txt +++ b/Documentation/merge-config.txt @@ -6,6 +6,26 @@ merge.conflictstyle:: a `>>>>>>>` marker. An alternate style, "diff3", adds a `|||||||` marker and the original text before the `=======` marker. +merge.defaultToUpstream:: + If merge is called without any commit argument, merge the upstream + branches configured for the current branch by using their last + observed values stored in their remote tracking branches. + The values of the `branch.<current branch>.merge` that name the + branches at the remote named by `branch.<current branch>.remote` + are consulted, and then they are mapped via `remote.<remote>.fetch` + to their corresponding remote tracking branches, and the tips of + these tracking branches are merged. + +merge.ff:: + By default, git does not create an extra merge commit when merging + a commit that is a descendant of the current commit. Instead, the + tip of the current branch is fast-forwarded. When set to `false`, + this variable tells git to create an extra merge commit in such + a case (equivalent to giving the `--no-ff` option from the command + line). When set to `only`, only such fast-forward merges are + allowed (equivalent to giving the `--ff-only` option from the + command line). + merge.log:: In addition to branch names, populate the log message with at most the specified number of one-line descriptions from the diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt index 50923e2ce9..2a3dc8664f 100644 --- a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt @@ -19,6 +19,11 @@ configuration (see linkgit:git-config[1]). This should make "--pretty=oneline" a whole lot more readable for people using 80-column terminals. +--no-abbrev-commit:: + Show the full 40-byte hexadecimal commit object name. This negates + `--abbrev-commit` and those options which imply it such as + "--oneline". It also overrides the 'log.abbrevCommit' variable. + --oneline:: This is a shorthand for "--pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit" used together. @@ -30,19 +35,34 @@ people using 80-column terminals. preferred by the user. For non plumbing commands this defaults to UTF-8. ---no-notes:: ---show-notes[=<ref>]:: +--notes[=<ref>]:: Show the notes (see linkgit:git-notes[1]) that annotate the commit, when showing the commit log message. This is the default for `git log`, `git show` and `git whatchanged` commands when - there is no `--pretty`, `--format` nor `--oneline` option is - given on the command line. + there is no `--pretty`, `--format` nor `--oneline` option given + on the command line. ++ +By default, the notes shown are from the notes refs listed in the +'core.notesRef' and 'notes.displayRef' variables (or corresponding +environment overrides). See linkgit:git-config[1] for more details. + -With an optional argument, add this ref to the list of notes. The ref -is taken to be in `refs/notes/` if it is not qualified. +With an optional '<ref>' argument, show this notes ref instead of the +default notes ref(s). The ref is taken to be in `refs/notes/` if it +is not qualified. ++ +Multiple --notes options can be combined to control which notes are +being displayed. Examples: "--notes=foo" will show only notes from +"refs/notes/foo"; "--notes=foo --notes" will show both notes from +"refs/notes/foo" and from the default notes ref(s). + +--no-notes:: + Do not show notes. This negates the above `--notes` option, by + resetting the list of notes refs from which notes are shown. + Options are parsed in the order given on the command line, so e.g. + "--notes --notes=foo --no-notes --notes=bar" will only show notes + from "refs/notes/bar". +--show-notes[=<ref>]:: --[no-]standard-notes:: - Enable or disable populating the notes ref list from the - 'core.notesRef' and 'notes.displayRef' variables (or - corresponding environment overrides). Enabled by default. - See linkgit:git-config[1]. + These options are deprecated. Use the above --notes/--no-notes + options instead. diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt index 09860de9c2..7e7ba68781 100644 --- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt @@ -72,11 +72,26 @@ endif::git-rev-list[] --merges:: - Print only merge commits. + Print only merge commits. This is exactly the same as `--min-parents=2`. --no-merges:: - Do not print commits with more than one parent. + Do not print commits with more than one parent. This is + exactly the same as `--max-parents=1`. + +--min-parents=<number>:: +--max-parents=<number>:: +--no-min-parents:: +--no-max-parents:: + + Show only commits which have at least (or at most) that many + commits. In particular, `--max-parents=1` is the same as `--no-merges`, + `--min-parents=2` is the same as `--merges`. `--max-parents=0` + gives all root commits and `--min-parents=3` all octopus merges. ++ +`--no-min-parents` and `--no-max-parents` reset these limits (to no limit) +again. Equivalent forms are `--min-parents=0` (any commit has 0 or more +parents) and `--max-parents=-1` (negative numbers denote no upper limit). --first-parent:: Follow only the first parent commit upon seeing a merge @@ -124,6 +139,10 @@ endif::git-rev-list[] is automatically prepended if missing. If pattern lacks '?', '*', or '[', '/*' at the end is implied. +--ignore-missing:: + + Upon seeing an invalid object name in the input, pretend as if + the bad input was not given. ifndef::git-rev-list[] --bisect:: @@ -151,6 +170,11 @@ ifdef::git-rev-list[] to /dev/null as the output does not have to be formatted. endif::git-rev-list[] +--cherry-mark:: + + Like `--cherry-pick` (see below) but mark equivalent commits + with `=` rather than omitting them, and inequivalent ones with `+`. + --cherry-pick:: Omit any commit that introduces the same change as @@ -159,12 +183,33 @@ endif::git-rev-list[] + For example, if you have two branches, `A` and `B`, a usual way to list all commits on only one side of them is with -`--left-right`, like the example above in the description of -that option. It however shows the commits that were cherry-picked +`--left-right` (see the example below in the description of +the `--left-right` option). It however shows the commits that were cherry-picked from the other branch (for example, "3rd on b" may be cherry-picked from branch A). With this option, such pairs of commits are excluded from the output. +--left-only:: +--right-only:: + + List only commits on the respective side of a symmetric range, + i.e. only those which would be marked `<` resp. `>` by + `--left-right`. ++ +For example, `--cherry-pick --right-only A...B` omits those +commits from `B` which are in `A` or are patch-equivalent to a commit in +`A`. In other words, this lists the `{plus}` commits from `git cherry A B`. +More precisely, `--cherry-pick --right-only --no-merges` gives the exact +list. + +--cherry:: + + A synonym for `--right-only --cherry-mark --no-merges`; useful to + limit the output to the commits on our side and mark those that + have been applied to the other side of a forked history with + `git log --cherry upstream...mybranch`, similar to + `git cherry upstream mybranch`. + -g:: --walk-reflogs:: @@ -689,7 +734,10 @@ ifdef::git-rev-list[] Print a number stating how many commits would have been listed, and suppress all other output. When used together with '--left-right', instead print the counts for left and - right commits, separated by a tab. + right commits, separated by a tab. When used together with + '--cherry-mark', omit patch equivalent commits from these + counts and print the count for equivalent commits separated + by a tab. endif::git-rev-list[] diff --git a/Documentation/revisions.txt b/Documentation/revisions.txt index 04fceee253..b290b617d4 100644 --- a/Documentation/revisions.txt +++ b/Documentation/revisions.txt @@ -1,147 +1,163 @@ SPECIFYING REVISIONS -------------------- -A revision parameter typically, but not necessarily, names a -commit object. They use what is called an 'extended SHA1' +A revision parameter '<rev>' typically, but not necessarily, names a +commit object. It uses what is called an 'extended SHA1' syntax. Here are various ways to spell object names. The -ones listed near the end of this list are to name trees and +ones listed near the end of this list name trees and blobs contained in a commit. -* The full SHA1 object name (40-byte hexadecimal string), or - a substring of such that is unique within the repository. +'<sha1>', e.g. 'dae86e1950b1277e545cee180551750029cfe735', 'dae86e':: + The full SHA1 object name (40-byte hexadecimal string), or + a leading substring that is unique within the repository. E.g. dae86e1950b1277e545cee180551750029cfe735 and dae86e both - name the same commit object if there are no other object in + name the same commit object if there is no other object in your repository whose object name starts with dae86e. -* An output from 'git describe'; i.e. a closest tag, optionally +'<describeOutput>', e.g. 'v1.7.4.2-679-g3bee7fb':: + Output from `git describe`; i.e. a closest tag, optionally followed by a dash and a number of commits, followed by a dash, a - `g`, and an abbreviated object name. + 'g', and an abbreviated object name. -* A symbolic ref name. E.g. 'master' typically means the commit - object referenced by refs/heads/master. If you - happen to have both heads/master and tags/master, you can +'<refname>', e.g. 'master', 'heads/master', 'refs/heads/master':: + A symbolic ref name. E.g. 'master' typically means the commit + object referenced by 'refs/heads/master'. If you + happen to have both 'heads/master' and 'tags/master', you can explicitly say 'heads/master' to tell git which one you mean. - When ambiguous, a `<name>` is disambiguated by taking the + When ambiguous, a '<name>' is disambiguated by taking the first match in the following rules: - . if `$GIT_DIR/<name>` exists, that is what you mean (this is usually - useful only for `HEAD`, `FETCH_HEAD`, `ORIG_HEAD`, `MERGE_HEAD` - and `CHERRY_PICK_HEAD`); + . If '$GIT_DIR/<name>' exists, that is what you mean (this is usually + useful only for 'HEAD', 'FETCH_HEAD', 'ORIG_HEAD', 'MERGE_HEAD' + and 'CHERRY_PICK_HEAD'); - . otherwise, `refs/<name>` if exists; + . otherwise, 'refs/<name>' if it exists; - . otherwise, `refs/tags/<name>` if exists; + . otherwise, 'refs/tags/<refname>' if it exists; - . otherwise, `refs/heads/<name>` if exists; + . otherwise, 'refs/heads/<name>' if it exists; - . otherwise, `refs/remotes/<name>` if exists; + . otherwise, 'refs/remotes/<name>' if it exists; - . otherwise, `refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD` if exists. + . otherwise, 'refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD' if it exists. + -HEAD names the commit your changes in the working tree is based on. -FETCH_HEAD records the branch you fetched from a remote repository -with your last 'git fetch' invocation. -ORIG_HEAD is created by commands that moves your HEAD in a drastic -way, to record the position of the HEAD before their operation, so that -you can change the tip of the branch back to the state before you ran -them easily. -MERGE_HEAD records the commit(s) you are merging into your branch -when you run 'git merge'. -CHERRY_PICK_HEAD records the commit you are cherry-picking -when you run 'git cherry-pick'. +'HEAD' names the commit on which you based the changes in the working tree. +'FETCH_HEAD' records the branch which you fetched from a remote repository +with your last `git fetch` invocation. +'ORIG_HEAD' is created by commands that move your 'HEAD' in a drastic +way, to record the position of the 'HEAD' before their operation, so that +you can easily change the tip of the branch back to the state before you ran +them. +'MERGE_HEAD' records the commit(s) which you are merging into your branch +when you run `git merge`. +'CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' records the commit which you are cherry-picking +when you run `git cherry-pick`. + -Note that any of the `refs/*` cases above may come either from -the `$GIT_DIR/refs` directory or from the `$GIT_DIR/packed-refs` file. +Note that any of the 'refs/*' cases above may come either from +the '$GIT_DIR/refs' directory or from the '$GIT_DIR/packed-refs' file. -* A ref followed by the suffix '@' with a date specification +'<refname>@\{<date>\}', e.g. 'master@\{yesterday\}', 'HEAD@\{5 minutes ago\}':: + A ref followed by the suffix '@' with a date specification enclosed in a brace pair (e.g. '\{yesterday\}', '\{1 month 2 weeks 3 days 1 hour 1 - second ago\}' or '\{1979-02-26 18:30:00\}') to specify the value + second ago\}' or '\{1979-02-26 18:30:00\}') specifies the value of the ref at a prior point in time. This suffix may only be used immediately following a ref name and the ref must have an - existing log ($GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>). Note that this looks up the state + existing log ('$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>'). Note that this looks up the state of your *local* ref at a given time; e.g., what was in your local - `master` branch last week. If you want to look at commits made during - certain times, see `--since` and `--until`. + 'master' branch last week. If you want to look at commits made during + certain times, see '--since' and '--until'. -* A ref followed by the suffix '@' with an ordinal specification - enclosed in a brace pair (e.g. '\{1\}', '\{15\}') to specify +'<refname>@\{<n>\}', e.g. 'master@\{1\}':: + A ref followed by the suffix '@' with an ordinal specification + enclosed in a brace pair (e.g. '\{1\}', '\{15\}') specifies the n-th prior value of that ref. For example 'master@\{1\}' is the immediate prior value of 'master' while 'master@\{5\}' is the 5th prior value of 'master'. This suffix may only be used immediately following a ref name and the ref must have an existing - log ($GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>). + log ('$GIT_DIR/logs/<refname>'). -* You can use the '@' construct with an empty ref part to get at a - reflog of the current branch. For example, if you are on the - branch 'blabla', then '@\{1\}' means the same as 'blabla@\{1\}'. +'@\{<n>\}', e.g. '@\{1\}':: + You can use the '@' construct with an empty ref part to get at a + reflog entry of the current branch. For example, if you are on + branch 'blabla' then '@\{1\}' means the same as 'blabla@\{1\}'. -* The special construct '@\{-<n>\}' means the <n>th branch checked out +'@\{-<n>\}', e.g. '@\{-1\}':: + The construct '@\{-<n>\}' means the <n>th branch checked out before the current one. -* The suffix '@\{upstream\}' to a ref (short form 'ref@\{u\}') refers to - the branch the ref is set to build on top of. Missing ref defaults +'<refname>@\{upstream\}', e.g. 'master@\{upstream\}', '@\{u\}':: + The suffix '@\{upstream\}' to a ref (short form '<refname>@\{u\}') refers to + the branch the ref is set to build on top of. A missing ref defaults to the current branch. -* A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter (e.g. 'HEAD{caret}') means the first parent of +'<rev>{caret}', e.g. 'HEAD{caret}, v1.5.1{caret}0':: + A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter means the first parent of that commit object. '{caret}<n>' means the <n>th parent (i.e. - 'rev{caret}' - is equivalent to 'rev{caret}1'). As a special rule, - 'rev{caret}0' means the commit itself and is used when 'rev' is the + '<rev>{caret}' + is equivalent to '<rev>{caret}1'). As a special rule, + '<rev>{caret}0' means the commit itself and is used when '<rev>' is the object name of a tag object that refers to a commit object. -* A suffix '{tilde}<n>' to a revision parameter means the commit +'<rev>{tilde}<n>', e.g. 'master{tilde}3':: + A suffix '{tilde}<n>' to a revision parameter means the commit object that is the <n>th generation grand-parent of the named - commit object, following only the first parent. I.e. rev~3 is - equivalent to rev{caret}{caret}{caret} which is equivalent to - rev{caret}1{caret}1{caret}1. See below for a illustration of + commit object, following only the first parents. I.e. '<rev>{tilde}3' is + equivalent to '<rev>{caret}{caret}{caret}' which is equivalent to + '<rev>{caret}1{caret}1{caret}1'. See below for an illustration of the usage of this form. -* A suffix '{caret}' followed by an object type name enclosed in - brace pair (e.g. `v0.99.8{caret}\{commit\}`) means the object +'<rev>{caret}\{<type>\}', e.g. 'v0.99.8{caret}\{commit\}':: + A suffix '{caret}' followed by an object type name enclosed in + brace pair means the object could be a tag, and dereference the tag recursively until an object of that type is found or the object cannot be - dereferenced anymore (in which case, barf). `rev{caret}0` - introduced earlier is a short-hand for `rev{caret}\{commit\}`. + dereferenced anymore (in which case, barf). '<rev>{caret}0' + is a short-hand for '<rev>{caret}\{commit\}'. -* A suffix '{caret}' followed by an empty brace pair - (e.g. `v0.99.8{caret}\{\}`) means the object could be a tag, +'<rev>{caret}\{\}', e.g. 'v0.99.8{caret}\{\}':: + A suffix '{caret}' followed by an empty brace pair + means the object could be a tag, and dereference the tag recursively until a non-tag object is found. -* A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter followed by a brace - pair that contains a text led by a slash (e.g. `HEAD^{/fix nasty bug}`): - this is the same as `:/fix nasty bug` syntax below except that +'<rev>{caret}\{/<text>\}', e.g. 'HEAD^{/fix nasty bug}':: + A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter, followed by a brace + pair that contains a text led by a slash, + is the same as the ':/fix nasty bug' syntax below except that it returns the youngest matching commit which is reachable from - the ref before '{caret}'. + the '<rev>' before '{caret}'. -* A colon, followed by a slash, followed by a text (e.g. `:/fix nasty bug`): this names +':/<text>', e.g. ':/fix nasty bug':: + A colon, followed by a slash, followed by a text, names a commit whose commit message matches the specified regular expression. This name returns the youngest matching commit which is reachable from any ref. If the commit message starts with a - '!', you have to repeat that; the special sequence ':/!', - followed by something else than '!' is reserved for now. + '!' you have to repeat that; the special sequence ':/!', + followed by something else than '!', is reserved for now. The regular expression can match any part of the commit message. To - match messages starting with a string, one can use e.g. `:/^foo`. + match messages starting with a string, one can use e.g. ':/^foo'. -* A suffix ':' followed by a path (e.g. `HEAD:README`); this names the blob or tree +'<rev>:<path>', e.g. 'HEAD:README', ':README', 'master:./README':: + A suffix ':' followed by a path names the blob or tree at the given path in the tree-ish object named by the part before the colon. - ':path' (with an empty part before the colon, e.g. `:README`) + ':path' (with an empty part before the colon) is a special case of the syntax described next: content recorded in the index at the given path. - A path starting with './' or '../' is relative to current working directory. - The given path will be converted to be relative to working tree's root directory. + A path starting with './' or '../' is relative to the current working directory. + The given path will be converted to be relative to the working tree's root directory. This is most useful to address a blob or tree from a commit or tree that has - the same tree structure with the working tree. + the same tree structure as the working tree. -* A colon, optionally followed by a stage number (0 to 3) and a - colon, followed by a path (e.g. `:0:README`); this names a blob object in the - index at the given path. Missing stage number (and the colon - that follows it, e.g. `:README`) names a stage 0 entry. During a merge, stage +':<n>:<path>', e.g. ':0:README', ':README':: + A colon, optionally followed by a stage number (0 to 3) and a + colon, followed by a path, names a blob object in the + index at the given path. A missing stage number (and the colon + that follows it) names a stage 0 entry. During a merge, stage 1 is the common ancestor, stage 2 is the target branch's version (typically the current branch), and stage 3 is the version from - the branch being merged. + the branch which is being merged. Here is an illustration, by Jon Loeliger. Both commit nodes B and C are parents of commit node A. Parent commits are ordered @@ -175,31 +191,31 @@ G H I J SPECIFYING RANGES ----------------- -History traversing commands such as 'git log' operate on a set +History traversing commands such as `git log` operate on a set of commits, not just a single commit. To these commands, specifying a single revision with the notation described in the previous section means the set of commits reachable from that commit, following the commit ancestry chain. -To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix `{caret}` -notation is used. E.g. `{caret}r1 r2` means commits reachable -from `r2` but exclude the ones reachable from `r1`. +To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix '{caret}' +notation is used. E.g. '{caret}r1 r2' means commits reachable +from 'r2' but exclude the ones reachable from 'r1'. This set operation appears so often that there is a shorthand -for it. When you have two commits `r1` and `r2` (named according +for it. When you have two commits 'r1' and 'r2' (named according to the syntax explained in SPECIFYING REVISIONS above), you can ask for commits that are reachable from r2 excluding those that are reachable -from r1 by `{caret}r1 r2` and it can be written as `r1..r2`. +from r1 by '{caret}r1 r2' and it can be written as 'r1..r2'. -A similar notation `r1\...r2` is called symmetric difference -of `r1` and `r2` and is defined as -`r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)`. +A similar notation 'r1\...r2' is called symmetric difference +of 'r1' and 'r2' and is defined as +'r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)'. It is the set of commits that are reachable from either one of -`r1` or `r2` but not from both. +'r1' or 'r2' but not from both. Two other shorthands for naming a set that is formed by a commit -and its parent commits exist. The `r1{caret}@` notation means all -parents of `r1`. `r1{caret}!` includes commit `r1` but excludes +and its parent commits exist. The 'r1{caret}@' notation means all +parents of 'r1'. 'r1{caret}!' includes commit 'r1' but excludes all of its parents. Here are a handful of examples: diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-diff.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-diff.txt index 20b0241d30..2d2ebc04b7 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-diff.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-diff.txt @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ Calling sequence * As you find different pairs of files, call `diff_change()` to feed modified files, `diff_addremove()` to feed created or deleted files, - or `diff_unmerged()` to feed a file whose state is 'unmerged' to the + or `diff_unmerge()` to feed a file whose state is 'unmerged' to the API. These are thin wrappers to a lower-level `diff_queue()` function that is flexible enough to record any of these kinds of changes. @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Data structures This is the internal representation for a single file (blob). It records the blob object name (if known -- for a work tree file it typically is a NUL SHA-1), filemode and pathname. This is what the -`diff_addremove()`, `diff_change()` and `diff_unmerged()` synthesize and +`diff_addremove()`, `diff_change()` and `diff_unmerge()` synthesize and feed `diff_queue()` function with. * `struct diff_filepair` diff --git a/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7b233ca196 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ +GIT index format +================ + += The git index file has the following format + + All binary numbers are in network byte order. Version 2 is described + here unless stated otherwise. + + - A 12-byte header consisting of + + 4-byte signature: + The signature is { 'D', 'I', 'R', 'C' } (stands for "dircache") + + 4-byte version number: + The current supported versions are 2 and 3. + + 32-bit number of index entries. + + - A number of sorted index entries (see below). + + - Extensions + + Extensions are identified by signature. Optional extensions can + be ignored if GIT does not understand them. + + GIT currently supports cached tree and resolve undo extensions. + + 4-byte extension signature. If the first byte is 'A'..'Z' the + extension is optional and can be ignored. + + 32-bit size of the extension + + Extension data + + - 160-bit SHA-1 over the content of the index file before this + checksum. + +== Index entry + + Index entries are sorted in ascending order on the name field, + interpreted as a string of unsigned bytes (i.e. memcmp() order, no + localization, no special casing of directory separator '/'). Entries + with the same name are sorted by their stage field. + + 32-bit ctime seconds, the last time a file's metadata changed + this is stat(2) data + + 32-bit ctime nanosecond fractions + this is stat(2) data + + 32-bit mtime seconds, the last time a file's data changed + this is stat(2) data + + 32-bit mtime nanosecond fractions + this is stat(2) data + + 32-bit dev + this is stat(2) data + + 32-bit ino + this is stat(2) data + + 32-bit mode, split into (high to low bits) + + 4-bit object type + valid values in binary are 1000 (regular file), 1010 (symbolic link) + and 1110 (gitlink) + + 3-bit unused + + 9-bit unix permission. Only 0755 and 0644 are valid for regular files. + Symbolic links and gitlinks have value 0 in this field. + + 32-bit uid + this is stat(2) data + + 32-bit gid + this is stat(2) data + + 32-bit file size + This is the on-disk size from stat(2), truncated to 32-bit. + + 160-bit SHA-1 for the represented object + + A 16-bit 'flags' field split into (high to low bits) + + 1-bit assume-valid flag + + 1-bit extended flag (must be zero in version 2) + + 2-bit stage (during merge) + + 12-bit name length if the length is less than 0xFFF; otherwise 0xFFF + is stored in this field. + + (Version 3) A 16-bit field, only applicable if the "extended flag" + above is 1, split into (high to low bits). + + 1-bit reserved for future + + 1-bit skip-worktree flag (used by sparse checkout) + + 1-bit intent-to-add flag (used by "git add -N") + + 13-bit unused, must be zero + + Entry path name (variable length) relative to top level directory + (without leading slash). '/' is used as path separator. The special + path components ".", ".." and ".git" (without quotes) are disallowed. + Trailing slash is also disallowed. + + The exact encoding is undefined, but the '.' and '/' characters + are encoded in 7-bit ASCII and the encoding cannot contain a NUL + byte (iow, this is a UNIX pathname). + + 1-8 nul bytes as necessary to pad the entry to a multiple of eight bytes + while keeping the name NUL-terminated. + +== Extensions + +=== Cached tree + + Cached tree extension contains pre-computed hashes for trees that can + be derived from the index. It helps speed up tree object generation + from index for a new commit. + + When a path is updated in index, the path must be invalidated and + removed from tree cache. + + The signature for this extension is { 'T', 'R', 'E', 'E' }. + + A series of entries fill the entire extension; each of which + consists of: + + - NUL-terminated path component (relative to its parent directory); + + - ASCII decimal number of entries in the index that is covered by the + tree this entry represents (entry_count); + + - A space (ASCII 32); + + - ASCII decimal number that represents the number of subtrees this + tree has; + + - A newline (ASCII 10); and + + - 160-bit object name for the object that would result from writing + this span of index as a tree. + + An entry can be in an invalidated state and is represented by having -1 + in the entry_count field. + + The entries are written out in the top-down, depth-first order. The + first entry represents the root level of the repository, followed by the + first subtree---let's call this A---of the root level (with its name + relative to the root level), followed by the first subtree of A (with + its name relative to A), ... + +=== Resolve undo + + A conflict is represented in the index as a set of higher stage entries. + When a conflict is resolved (e.g. with "git add path"), these higher + stage entries will be removed and a stage-0 entry with proper resoluton + is added. + + When these higher stage entries are removed, they are saved in the + resolve undo extension, so that conflicts can be recreated (e.g. with + "git checkout -m"), in case users want to redo a conflict resolution + from scratch. + + The signature for this extension is { 'R', 'E', 'U', 'C' }. + + A series of entries fill the entire extension; each of which + consists of: + + - NUL-terminated pathname the entry describes (relative to the root of + the repository, i.e. full pathname); + + - Three NUL-terminated ASCII octal numbers, entry mode of entries in + stage 1 to 3 (a missing stage is represented by "0" in this field); + and + + - At most three 160-bit object names of the entry in stages from 1 to 3 + (nothing is written for a missing stage). + |