23 files changed, 270 insertions, 53 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.0.txt
index 43d7296efa..06ba2f803f 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.0.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.0.txt
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
    barrier to adoption.
 
  * The final leg of SHA-256 transition plus doc updates.  Note that
-   there is no inter-operability between SHA-1 and SHA-256
+   there is no interoperability between SHA-1 and SHA-256
    repositories yet.
 
  * CMake support to build with MSVC for Windows bypassing the Makefile.
@@ -184,10 +184,6 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
    the ref backend in use, as its format is much richer than the
    normal refs, and written directly by "git fetch" as a plain file..
 
- * A handful of places in in-tree code still relied on being able to
-   execute the git subcommands, especially built-ins, in "git-foo"
-   form, which have been corrected.
-
  * An unused binary has been discarded, and and a bunch of commands
    have been turned into into built-in.
 
@@ -216,10 +212,25 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
  * "diff-highlight" (in contrib/) had a logic to flush its output upon
    seeing a blank line but the way it detected a blank line was broken.
 
+ * The logic to skip testing on the tagged commit and the tag itself
+   was not quite consistent which led to failure of Windows test
+   tasks.  It has been revamped to consistently skip revisions that
+   have already been tested, based on the tree object of the revision.
+
 
 Fixes since v2.28
 -----------------
 
+ * The "mediawiki" remote backend which lives in contrib/mw-to-git/
+   and is not built with git by default, had an RCE bug allowing a
+   malicious MediaWiki server operator to inject arbitrary commands
+   for execution by a cloning client. This has been fixed.
+
+   The bug was discovered and reported by Joern Schneeweisz of GitLab
+   to the git-security mailing list. Its practical impact due to the
+   obscurity of git-remote-mediawiki was deemed small enough to forgo
+   a dedicated security release.
+
  * "git clone --separate-git-dir=$elsewhere" used to stomp on the
    contents of the existing directory $elsewhere, which has been
    taught to fail when $elsewhere is not an empty directory.
@@ -355,16 +366,13 @@ Fixes since v2.28
    "git log --tags=no-tag-matches-this-pattern" does.
    (merge 04a0e98515 jk/rev-input-given-fix later to maint).
 
- * Various callers of run_command API has been modernized.
+ * Various callers of run_command API have been modernized.
    (merge afbdba391e jc/run-command-use-embedded-args later to maint).
 
  * List of options offered and accepted by "git add -i/-p" were
    inconsistent, which have been corrected.
    (merge ce910287e7 pw/add-p-allowed-options-fix later to maint).
 
- * Various callers of run_command API has been modernized.
-   (merge afbdba391e jc/run-command-use-embedded-args later to maint).
-
  * "git diff --stat -w" showed 0-line changes for paths whose changes
    were only whitespaces, which was not intuitive.  We now omit such
    paths from the stat output.
@@ -381,7 +389,7 @@ Fixes since v2.28
    information (e.g. "@{u}" does not record what branch the user was
    on hence which branch 'the upstream' needs to be computed, and even
    if the record were available, the relationship between branches may
-   have changed), at least hide the error to allow "status" show its
+   have changed), at least hide the error and allow "status" to show its
    output.
 
  * "git status --short" quoted a path with SP in it when tracked, but
@@ -398,7 +406,7 @@ Fixes since v2.28
    (merge 378fe5fc3d mt/config-fail-nongit-early later to maint).
 
  * There is a logic to estimate how many objects are in the
-   repository, which is mean to run once per process invocation, but
+   repository, which is meant to run once per process invocation, but
    it ran every time the estimated value was requested.
    (merge 67bb65de5d jk/dont-count-existing-objects-twice later to maint).
 
@@ -411,8 +419,8 @@ Fixes since v2.28
    which has been corrected.
    (merge 4e735c1326 ar/fetch-ipversion-in-all later to maint).
 
- * The "unshelve" subcommand of "git p4" used incorrectly used
-   commit^N where it meant to say commit~N to name the Nth generation
+ * The "unshelve" subcommand of "git p4" incorrectly used commit^N
+   where it meant to say commit~N to name the Nth generation
    ancestor, which has been corrected.
    (merge 0acbf5997f ld/p4-unshelve-fix later to maint).
 
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..295ee2135f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Git v2.29.1 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This is to fix the build procedure change in 2.28 where we failed to
+install a few programs that should be installed in /usr/bin (namely,
+receive-pack, upload-archive and upload-pack) when the non-default
+SKIP_DASHED_BUILT_INS installation option is in effect.
+
+A minor glitch in a non-default installation may usually not deserve
+a hotfix, but I know Git for Windows ship binaries built with this
+option, so let's make an exception.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..632b5b580a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Git v2.29.2 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release is primarily to fix brown-paper-bag breakages in the
+2.29.0 release.
+
+Fixes since v2.29.1
+-------------------
+
+ * In 2.29, "--committer-date-is-author-date" option of "rebase" and
+   "am" subcommands lost the e-mail address by mistake, which has been
+   corrected.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.30.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.30.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5e65d04de9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.30.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+Git 2.30 Release Notes
+======================
+
+Updates since v2.29
+-------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * Userdiff for PHP update.
+
+ * Userdiff for Rust update.
+
+ * Userdiff for CSS update.
+
+ * The command line completion script (in contrib/) learned that "git
+   stash show" takes the options "git diff" takes.
+
+ * "git worktree list" now shows if each worktree is locked.  This
+   possibly may open us to show other kinds of states in the future.
+
+ * "git maintenance", an extended big brother of "git gc", continues
+   to evolve.
+
+ * "git push --force-with-lease[=<ref>]" can easily be misused to lose
+   commits unless the user takes good care of their own "git fetch".
+   A new option "--force-if-includes" attempts to ensure that what is
+   being force-pushed was created after examining the commit at the
+   tip of the remote ref that is about to be force-replaced.
+
+ * "git clone" learned clone.defaultremotename configuration variable
+   to customize what nickname to use to call the remote the repository
+   was cloned from.
+
+ * "git checkout" learned to use checkout.guess configuration variable
+   and enable/disable its "--[no-]guess" option accordingly.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
+
+ * Use "git archive" more to produce the release tarball.
+
+
+
+Fixes since v2.29
+-----------------
+
+ * In 2.29, "--committer-date-is-author-date" option of "rebase" and
+   "am" subcommands lost the e-mail address by mistake, which has been
+   corrected.
+   (merge 5f35edd9d7 jk/committer-date-is-author-date-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git checkout -p A...B [-- <path>]" did not work, even though the
+   same command without "-p" correctly used the merge-base between
+   commits A and B.
+   (merge 35166b1fb5 dl/checkout-p-merge-base later to maint).
+
+ * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
+   (merge 3e0a5dc9af cc/doc-filter-branch-typofix later to maint).
+   (merge 32c83afc2c cw/ci-ghwf-check-ws-errors later to maint).
+   (merge 5eb2ed691b rs/tighten-callers-of-deref-tag later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index bf706b950e..025ca4df11 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -334,6 +334,8 @@ include::config/checkout.txt[]
 
 include::config/clean.txt[]
 
+include::config/clone.txt[]
+
 include::config/color.txt[]
 
 include::config/column.txt[]
diff --git a/Documentation/config/advice.txt b/Documentation/config/advice.txt
index bdd37c3eaa..acbd0c09aa 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/advice.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/advice.txt
@@ -10,9 +10,8 @@ advice.*::
 		that the check is disabled.
 	pushUpdateRejected::
 		Set this variable to 'false' if you want to disable
-		'pushNonFFCurrent',
-		'pushNonFFMatching', 'pushAlreadyExists',
-		'pushFetchFirst', and 'pushNeedsForce'
+		'pushNonFFCurrent', 'pushNonFFMatching', 'pushAlreadyExists',
+		'pushFetchFirst', 'pushNeedsForce', and 'pushRefNeedsUpdate'
 		simultaneously.
 	pushNonFFCurrent::
 		Advice shown when linkgit:git-push[1] fails due to a
@@ -41,6 +40,10 @@ advice.*::
 		we can still suggest that the user push to either
 		refs/heads/* or refs/tags/* based on the type of the
 		source object.
+	pushRefNeedsUpdate::
+		Shown when linkgit:git-push[1] rejects a forced update of
+		a branch when its remote-tracking ref has updates that we
+		do not have locally.
 	statusAheadBehind::
 		Shown when linkgit:git-status[1] computes the ahead/behind
 		counts for a local ref compared to its remote tracking ref,
diff --git a/Documentation/config/checkout.txt b/Documentation/config/checkout.txt
index 6b646813ab..2cddf7b4b4 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/checkout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/checkout.txt
@@ -1,18 +1,23 @@
 checkout.defaultRemote::
-	When you run 'git checkout <something>'
-	or 'git switch <something>' and only have one
+	When you run `git checkout <something>`
+	or `git switch <something>` and only have one
 	remote, it may implicitly fall back on checking out and
-	tracking e.g. 'origin/<something>'. This stops working as soon
-	as you have more than one remote with a '<something>'
+	tracking e.g. `origin/<something>`. This stops working as soon
+	as you have more than one remote with a `<something>`
 	reference. This setting allows for setting the name of a
 	preferred remote that should always win when it comes to
 	disambiguation. The typical use-case is to set this to
 	`origin`.
 +
 Currently this is used by linkgit:git-switch[1] and
-linkgit:git-checkout[1] when 'git checkout <something>'
-or 'git switch <something>'
-will checkout the '<something>' branch on another remote,
-and by linkgit:git-worktree[1] when 'git worktree add' refers to a
+linkgit:git-checkout[1] when `git checkout <something>`
+or `git switch <something>`
+will checkout the `<something>` branch on another remote,
+and by linkgit:git-worktree[1] when `git worktree add` refers to a
 remote branch. This setting might be used for other checkout-like
 commands or functionality in the future.
+
+checkout.guess::
+	Provides the default value for the `--guess` or `--no-guess`
+	option in `git checkout` and `git switch`. See
+	linkgit:git-switch[1] and linkgit:git-checkout[1].
diff --git a/Documentation/config/clone.txt b/Documentation/config/clone.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47de36a5fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/config/clone.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+clone.defaultRemoteName::
+	The name of the remote to create when cloning a repository.  Defaults to
+	`origin`, and can be overridden by passing the `--origin` command-line
+	option to linkgit:git-clone[1].
diff --git a/Documentation/config/core.txt b/Documentation/config/core.txt
index 02002cf109..160aacad84 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/core.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/core.txt
@@ -606,8 +606,8 @@ core.useReplaceRefs::
 
 core.multiPackIndex::
 	Use the multi-pack-index file to track multiple packfiles using a
-	single index. See link:technical/multi-pack-index.html[the
-	multi-pack-index design document].
+	single index. See linkgit:git-multi-pack-index[1] for more
+	information. Defaults to true.
 
 core.sparseCheckout::
 	Enable "sparse checkout" feature. See linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/config/maintenance.txt b/Documentation/config/maintenance.txt
index 7cc6700d57..a0706d8f09 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/maintenance.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/maintenance.txt
@@ -14,3 +14,21 @@ maintenance.commit-graph.auto::
 	reachable commits that are not in the commit-graph file is at least
 	the value of `maintenance.commit-graph.auto`. The default value is
 	100.
+
+maintenance.loose-objects.auto::
+	This integer config option controls how often the `loose-objects` task
+	should be run as part of `git maintenance run --auto`. If zero, then
+	the `loose-objects` task will not run with the `--auto` option. A
+	negative value will force the task to run every time. Otherwise, a
+	positive value implies the command should run when the number of
+	loose objects is at least the value of `maintenance.loose-objects.auto`.
+	The default value is 100.
+
+maintenance.incremental-repack.auto::
+	This integer config option controls how often the `incremental-repack`
+	task should be run as part of `git maintenance run --auto`. If zero,
+	then the `incremental-repack` task will not run with the `--auto`
+	option. A negative value will force the task to run every time.
+	Otherwise, a positive value implies the command should run when the
+	number of pack-files not in the multi-pack-index is at least the value
+	of `maintenance.incremental-repack.auto`. The default value is 10.
diff --git a/Documentation/config/push.txt b/Documentation/config/push.txt
index f5e5b38c68..21b256e0a4 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/push.txt
@@ -114,3 +114,9 @@ push.recurseSubmodules::
 	specifying '--recurse-submodules=check|on-demand|no'.
 	If not set, 'no' is used by default, unless 'submodule.recurse' is
 	set (in which case a 'true' value means 'on-demand').
+
+push.useForceIfIncludes::
+	If set to "true", it is equivalent to specifying
+	`--force-if-includes` as an option to linkgit:git-push[1]
+	in the command line. Adding `--no-force-if-includes` at the
+	time of push overrides this configuration setting.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
index 3ba49e85b7..f3d9566c89 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ Z-Z
 -------------
 
 2) starting from the "good" ends of the graph, associate to each
-commit the number of ancestors it has plus one
+   commit the number of ancestors it has plus one
 
 For example with the following graph where H is the "bad" commit and A
 and D are some parents of some "good" commits:
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ D---E
 -------------
 
 4) the best bisection point is the commit with the highest associated
-number
+   number
 
 So in the above example the best bisection point is commit C.
 
@@ -580,8 +580,8 @@ good or a bad commit does not give more or less information).
 
 Let's also suppose that we have a cleaned up graph like one after step
 1) in the bisection algorithm above. This means that we can measure
-the information we get in terms of number of commit we can remove from
-the graph..
+   the information we get in terms of number of commit we can remove
+   from the graph..
 
 And let's take a commit X in the graph.
 
@@ -689,18 +689,18 @@ roughly the following steps:
 6) sort the commit by decreasing associated value
 
 7) if the first commit has not been skipped, we can return it and stop
-here
+   here
 
 8) otherwise filter out all the skipped commits in the sorted list
 
 9) use a pseudo random number generator (PRNG) to generate a random
-number between 0 and 1
+   number between 0 and 1
 
 10) multiply this random number with its square root to bias it toward
-0
+    0
 
 11) multiply the result by the number of commits in the filtered list
-to get an index into this list
+    to get an index into this list
 
 12) return the commit at the computed index
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
index afa5c11fd3..b1a6fe4499 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
@@ -192,7 +192,10 @@ branches from there if `<branch>` is ambiguous but exists on the
 'origin' remote. See also `checkout.defaultRemote` in
 linkgit:git-config[1].
 +
-Use `--no-guess` to disable this.
+`--guess` is the default behavior. Use `--no-guess` to disable it.
++
+The default behavior can be set via the `checkout.guess` configuration
+variable.
 
 -l::
 	Create the new branch's reflog; see linkgit:git-branch[1] for
@@ -351,6 +354,10 @@ leave out at most one of `A` and `B`, in which case it defaults to `HEAD`.
 <tree-ish>::
 	Tree to checkout from (when paths are given). If not specified,
 	the index will be used.
++
+As a special case, you may use `"A...B"` as a shortcut for the
+merge base of `A` and `B` if there is exactly one merge base. You can
+leave out at most one of `A` and `B`, in which case it defaults to `HEAD`.
 
 \--::
 	Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
index 097e6a86c5..876aedcd47 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
@@ -183,8 +183,9 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
 
 -o <name>::
 --origin <name>::
-	Instead of using the remote name `origin` to keep track
-	of the upstream repository, use `<name>`.
+	Instead of using the remote name `origin` to keep track of the upstream
+	repository, use `<name>`.  Overrides `clone.defaultRemoteName` from the
+	config.
 
 -b <name>::
 --branch <name>::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
index 40ba4aa3e6..62e482a95e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ The https://github.com/newren/git-filter-repo/[git filter-repo] tool is
 an alternative to git-filter-branch which does not suffer from these
 performance problems or the safety problems (mentioned below). For those
 with existing tooling which relies upon git-filter-branch, 'git
-repo-filter' also provides
+filter-repo' also provides
 https://github.com/newren/git-filter-repo/blob/master/contrib/filter-repo-demos/filter-lamely[filter-lamely],
 a drop-in git-filter-branch replacement (with a few caveats).  While
 filter-lamely suffers from all the same safety issues as
diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
index a7f9bc99ea..6077ff01a4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ providing this option will cause it to die.
 	Use \0 as the delimiter for pathnames in the output, and print
 	them verbatim. Without this option, pathnames with "unusual"
 	characters are quoted as explained for the configuration
-	variable core.quotePath (see git-config(1)).
+	variable core.quotePath (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 -o::
 --only-matching::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init.txt b/Documentation/git-init.txt
index f35f70f13d..59ecda6c17 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init.txt
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ repository.
 +
 If this is reinitialization, the repository will be moved to the specified path.
 
--b <branch-name::
+-b <branch-name>::
 --initial-branch=<branch-name>::
 
 Use the specified name for the initial branch in the newly created repository.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt b/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt
index 6abcb8255a..3f5d8946b4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt
@@ -47,6 +47,21 @@ commit-graph::
 	`commit-graph-chain` file. They will be deleted by a later run based
 	on the expiration delay.
 
+prefetch::
+	The `prefetch` task updates the object directory with the latest
+	objects from all registered remotes. For each remote, a `git fetch`
+	command is run. The refmap is custom to avoid updating local or remote
+	branches (those in `refs/heads` or `refs/remotes`). Instead, the
+	remote refs are stored in `refs/prefetch/<remote>/`. Also, tags are
+	not updated.
++
+This is done to avoid disrupting the remote-tracking branches. The end users
+expect these refs to stay unmoved unless they initiate a fetch.  With prefetch
+task, however, the objects necessary to complete a later real fetch would
+already be obtained, so the real fetch would go faster.  In the ideal case,
+it will just become an update to bunch of remote-tracking branches without
+any object transfer.
+
 gc::
 	Clean up unnecessary files and optimize the local repository. "GC"
 	stands for "garbage collection," but this task performs many
@@ -55,6 +70,39 @@ gc::
 	be disruptive in some situations, as it deletes stale data. See
 	linkgit:git-gc[1] for more details on garbage collection in Git.
 
+loose-objects::
+	The `loose-objects` job cleans up loose objects and places them into
+	pack-files. In order to prevent race conditions with concurrent Git
+	commands, it follows a two-step process. First, it deletes any loose
+	objects that already exist in a pack-file; concurrent Git processes
+	will examine the pack-file for the object data instead of the loose
+	object. Second, it creates a new pack-file (starting with "loose-")
+	containing a batch of loose objects. The batch size is limited to 50
+	thousand objects to prevent the job from taking too long on a
+	repository with many loose objects. The `gc` task writes unreachable
+	objects as loose objects to be cleaned up by a later step only if
+	they are not re-added to a pack-file; for this reason it is not
+	advisable to enable both the `loose-objects` and `gc` tasks at the
+	same time.
+
+incremental-repack::
+	The `incremental-repack` job repacks the object directory
+	using the `multi-pack-index` feature. In order to prevent race
+	conditions with concurrent Git commands, it follows a two-step
+	process. First, it calls `git multi-pack-index expire` to delete
+	pack-files unreferenced by the `multi-pack-index` file. Second, it
+	calls `git multi-pack-index repack` to select several small
+	pack-files and repack them into a bigger one, and then update the
+	`multi-pack-index` entries that refer to the small pack-files to
+	refer to the new pack-file. This prepares those small pack-files
+	for deletion upon the next run of `git multi-pack-index expire`.
+	The selection of the small pack-files is such that the expected
+	size of the big pack-file is at least the batch size; see the
+	`--batch-size` option for the `repack` subcommand in
+	linkgit:git-multi-pack-index[1]. The default batch-size is zero,
+	which is a special case that attempts to repack all pack-files
+	into a single pack-file.
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 --auto::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt
index 3b8053447e..ab103c82cf 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	   [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [-d | --delete] [--prune] [-v | --verbose]
 	   [-u | --set-upstream] [-o <string> | --push-option=<string>]
 	   [--[no-]signed|--signed=(true|false|if-asked)]
-	   [--force-with-lease[=<refname>[:<expect>]]]
+	   [--force-with-lease[=<refname>[:<expect>]] [--force-if-includes]]
 	   [--no-verify] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -320,6 +320,14 @@ seen and are willing to overwrite, then rewrite history, and finally
 force push changes to `master` if the remote version is still at
 `base`, regardless of what your local `remotes/origin/master` has been
 updated to in the background.
++
+Alternatively, specifying `--force-if-includes` as an ancillary option
+along with `--force-with-lease[=<refname>]` (i.e., without saying what
+exact commit the ref on the remote side must be pointing at, or which
+refs on the remote side are being protected) at the time of "push" will
+verify if updates from the remote-tracking refs that may have been
+implicitly updated in the background are integrated locally before
+allowing a forced update.
 
 -f::
 --force::
@@ -341,6 +349,22 @@ one branch, use a `+` in front of the refspec to push (e.g `git push
 origin +master` to force a push to the `master` branch). See the
 `<refspec>...` section above for details.
 
+--[no-]force-if-includes::
+	Force an update only if the tip of the remote-tracking ref
+	has been integrated locally.
++
+This option enables a check that verifies if the tip of the
+remote-tracking ref is reachable from one of the "reflog" entries of
+the local branch based in it for a rewrite. The check ensures that any
+updates from the remote have been incorporated locally by rejecting the
+forced update if that is not the case.
++
+If the option is passed without specifying `--force-with-lease`, or
+specified along with `--force-with-lease=<refname>:<expect>`, it is
+a "no-op".
++
+Specifying `--no-force-if-includes` disables this behavior.
+
 --repo=<repository>::
 	This option is equivalent to the <repository> argument. If both
 	are specified, the command-line argument takes precedence.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
index 9659abbf8e..ea73386c81 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git remote' [-v | --verbose]
-'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--[no-]tags] [--mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>
+'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--[no-]tags] [--mirror=(fetch|push)] <name> <url>
 'git remote rename' <old> <new>
 'git remote remove' <name>
 'git remote set-head' <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>)
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -v::
 --verbose::
 	Be a little more verbose and show remote url after name.
-	NOTE: This must be placed between `remote` and `subcommand`.
+	NOTE: This must be placed between `remote` and subcommand.
 
 
 COMMANDS
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ subcommands are available to perform operations on the remotes.
 
 'add'::
 
-Adds a remote named <name> for the repository at
+Add a remote named <name> for the repository at
 <url>.  The command `git fetch <name>` can then be used to create and
 update remote-tracking branches <name>/<branch>.
 +
@@ -109,13 +109,13 @@ With `-d` or `--delete`, the symbolic ref `refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD` is deleted.
 +
 With `-a` or `--auto`, the remote is queried to determine its `HEAD`, then the
 symbolic-ref `refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD` is set to the same branch. e.g., if the remote
-`HEAD` is pointed at `next`, "`git remote set-head origin -a`" will set
+`HEAD` is pointed at `next`, `git remote set-head origin -a` will set
 the symbolic-ref `refs/remotes/origin/HEAD` to `refs/remotes/origin/next`. This will
 only work if `refs/remotes/origin/next` already exists; if not it must be
 fetched first.
 +
-Use `<branch>` to set the symbolic-ref `refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD` explicitly. e.g., "git
-remote set-head origin master" will set the symbolic-ref `refs/remotes/origin/HEAD` to
+Use `<branch>` to set the symbolic-ref `refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD` explicitly. e.g., `git
+remote set-head origin master` will set the symbolic-ref `refs/remotes/origin/HEAD` to
 `refs/remotes/origin/master`. This will only work if
 `refs/remotes/origin/master` already exists; if not it must be fetched first.
 +
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ This can be used to track a subset of the available remote branches
 after the initial setup for a remote.
 +
 The named branches will be interpreted as if specified with the
-`-t` option on the 'git remote add' command line.
+`-t` option on the `git remote add` command line.
 +
 With `--add`, instead of replacing the list of currently tracked
 branches, adds to that list.
@@ -181,16 +181,16 @@ fetch --prune <name>`, except that no new references will be fetched.
 See the PRUNING section of linkgit:git-fetch[1] for what it'll prune
 depending on various configuration.
 +
-With `--dry-run` option, report what branches will be pruned, but do not
+With `--dry-run` option, report what branches would be pruned, but do not
 actually prune them.
 
 'update'::
 
 Fetch updates for remotes or remote groups in the repository as defined by
-remotes.<group>.  If neither group nor remote is specified on the command line,
+`remotes.<group>`. If neither group nor remote is specified on the command line,
 the configuration parameter remotes.default will be used; if
 remotes.default is not defined, all remotes which do not have the
-configuration parameter remote.<name>.skipDefaultUpdate set to true will
+configuration parameter `remote.<name>.skipDefaultUpdate` set to true will
 be updated.  (See linkgit:git-config[1]).
 +
 With `--prune` option, run pruning against all the remotes that are updated.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-restore.txt b/Documentation/git-restore.txt
index 84c6c40010..55bde91ef9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-restore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-restore.txt
@@ -40,6 +40,10 @@ OPTIONS
 +
 If not specified, the contents are restored from `HEAD` if `--staged` is
 given, otherwise from the index.
++
+As a special case, you may use `"A...B"` as a shortcut for the
+merge base of `A` and `B` if there is exactly one merge base. You can
+leave out at most one of `A` and `B`, in which case it defaults to `HEAD`.
 
 -p::
 --patch::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-switch.txt b/Documentation/git-switch.txt
index 3759c3a265..5c438cd505 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-switch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-switch.txt
@@ -103,6 +103,9 @@ ambiguous but exists on the 'origin' remote. See also
 `checkout.defaultRemote` in linkgit:git-config[1].
 +
 `--guess` is the default behavior. Use `--no-guess` to disable it.
++
+The default behavior can be set via the `checkout.guess` configuration
+variable.
 
 -f::
 --force::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-worktree.txt b/D