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Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
87 files changed, 1366 insertions, 485 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines index f45db5b727..ed4e443a3c 100644 --- a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines +++ b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ For shell scripts specifically (not exhaustive): - If you want to find out if a command is available on the user's $PATH, you should use 'type <command>', instead of 'which <command>'. - The output of 'which' is not machine parseable and its exit code + The output of 'which' is not machine parsable and its exit code is not reliable across platforms. - We use POSIX compliant parameter substitutions and avoid bashisms; @@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ For C programs: . since early 2012 with e1327023ea, we have been using an enum definition whose last element is followed by a comma. This, like an array initializer that ends with a trailing comma, can be used - to reduce the patch noise when adding a new identifer at the end. + to reduce the patch noise when adding a new identifier at the end. . since mid 2017 with cbc0f81d, we have been using designated initializers for struct (e.g. "struct t v = { .val = 'a' };"). diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile index 06d85ad958..8fe829cc1b 100644 --- a/Documentation/Makefile +++ b/Documentation/Makefile @@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ API_DOCS = $(patsubst %.txt,%,$(filter-out technical/api-index-skel.txt technica SP_ARTICLES += $(API_DOCS) TECH_DOCS += MyFirstContribution +TECH_DOCS += MyFirstObjectWalk TECH_DOCS += SubmittingPatches TECH_DOCS += technical/hash-function-transition TECH_DOCS += technical/http-protocol diff --git a/Documentation/MyFirstContribution.txt b/Documentation/MyFirstContribution.txt index 5e9b808f5f..b55837e646 100644 --- a/Documentation/MyFirstContribution.txt +++ b/Documentation/MyFirstContribution.txt @@ -38,6 +38,26 @@ $ git clone https://github.com/git/git git $ cd git ---- +[[dependencies]] +=== Installing Dependencies + +To build Git from source, you need to have a handful of dependencies installed +on your system. For a hint of what's needed, you can take a look at +`INSTALL`, paying close attention to the section about Git's dependencies on +external programs and libraries. That document mentions a way to "test-drive" +our freshly built Git without installing; that's the method we'll be using in +this tutorial. + +Make sure that your environment has everything you need by building your brand +new clone of Git from the above step: + +---- +$ make +---- + +NOTE: The Git build is parallelizable. `-j#` is not included above but you can +use it as you prefer, here and elsewhere. + [[identify-problem]] === Identify Problem to Solve @@ -138,9 +158,6 @@ NOTE: When you are developing the Git project, it's preferred that you use the `DEVELOPER` flag; if there's some reason it doesn't work for you, you can turn it off, but it's a good idea to mention the problem to the mailing list. -NOTE: The Git build is parallelizable. `-j#` is not included above but you can -use it as you prefer, here and elsewhere. - Great, now your new command builds happily on its own. But nobody invokes it. Let's change that. @@ -534,6 +551,28 @@ you want to pass as a parameter something which would usually be interpreted as a flag.) `parse_options()` will terminate parsing when it reaches `--` and give you the rest of the options afterwards, untouched. +Now that you have a usage hint, you can teach Git how to show it in the general +command list shown by `git help git` or `git help -a`, which is generated from +`command-list.txt`. Find the line for 'git-pull' so you can add your 'git-psuh' +line above it in alphabetical order. Now, we can add some attributes about the +command which impacts where it shows up in the aforementioned help commands. The +top of `command-list.txt` shares some information about what each attribute +means; in those help pages, the commands are sorted according to these +attributes. `git psuh` is user-facing, or porcelain - so we will mark it as +"mainporcelain". For "mainporcelain" commands, the comments at the top of +`command-list.txt` indicate we can also optionally add an attribute from another +list; since `git psuh` shows some information about the user's workspace but +doesn't modify anything, let's mark it as "info". Make sure to keep your +attributes in the same style as the rest of `command-list.txt` using spaces to +align and delineate them: + +---- +git-prune-packed plumbingmanipulators +git-psuh mainporcelain info +git-pull mainporcelain remote +git-push mainporcelain remote +---- + Build again. Now, when you run with `-h`, you should see your usage printed and your command terminated before anything else interesting happens. Great! @@ -746,6 +785,14 @@ will automatically run your PRs through the CI even without the permission given but you will not be able to `/submit` your changes until someone allows you to use the tool. +NOTE: You can typically find someone who can `/allow` you on GitGitGadget by +either examining recent pull requests where someone has been granted `/allow` +(https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git/pulls?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=is%3Apr+is%3Aopen+%22%2Fallow%22[Search: +is:pr is:open "/allow"]), in which case both the author and the person who +granted the `/allow` can now `/allow` you, or by inquiring on the +https://webchat.freenode.net/#git-devel[#git-devel] IRC channel on Freenode +linking your pull request and asking for someone to `/allow` you. + If the CI fails, you can update your changes with `git rebase -i` and push your branch again: diff --git a/Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt b/Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4d24daeb9f --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt @@ -0,0 +1,906 @@ += My First Object Walk + +== What's an Object Walk? + +The object walk is a key concept in Git - this is the process that underpins +operations like object transfer and fsck. Beginning from a given commit, the +list of objects is found by walking parent relationships between commits (commit +X based on commit W) and containment relationships between objects (tree Y is +contained within commit X, and blob Z is located within tree Y, giving our +working tree for commit X something like `y/z.txt`). + +A related concept is the revision walk, which is focused on commit objects and +their parent relationships and does not delve into other object types. The +revision walk is used for operations like `git log`. + +=== Related Reading + +- `Documentation/user-manual.txt` under "Hacking Git" contains some coverage of + the revision walker in its various incarnations. +- `Documentation/technical/api-revision-walking.txt` +- https://eagain.net/articles/git-for-computer-scientists/[Git for Computer Scientists] + gives a good overview of the types of objects in Git and what your object + walk is really describing. + +== Setting Up + +Create a new branch from `master`. + +---- +git checkout -b revwalk origin/master +---- + +We'll put our fiddling into a new command. For fun, let's name it `git walken`. +Open up a new file `builtin/walken.c` and set up the command handler: + +---- +/* + * "git walken" + * + * Part of the "My First Object Walk" tutorial. + */ + +#include "builtin.h" + +int cmd_walken(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix) +{ + trace_printf(_("cmd_walken incoming...\n")); + return 0; +} +---- + +NOTE: `trace_printf()` differs from `printf()` in that it can be turned on or +off at runtime. For the purposes of this tutorial, we will write `walken` as +though it is intended for use as a "plumbing" command: that is, a command which +is used primarily in scripts, rather than interactively by humans (a "porcelain" +command). So we will send our debug output to `trace_printf()` instead. When +running, enable trace output by setting the environment variable `GIT_TRACE`. + +Add usage text and `-h` handling, like all subcommands should consistently do +(our test suite will notice and complain if you fail to do so). + +---- +int cmd_walken(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix) +{ + const char * const walken_usage[] = { + N_("git walken"), + NULL, + } + struct option options[] = { + OPT_END() + }; + + argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, walken_usage, 0); + + ... +} +---- + +Also add the relevant line in `builtin.h` near `cmd_whatchanged()`: + +---- +int cmd_walken(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix); +---- + +Include the command in `git.c` in `commands[]` near the entry for `whatchanged`, +maintaining alphabetical ordering: + +---- +{ "walken", cmd_walken, RUN_SETUP }, +---- + +Add it to the `Makefile` near the line for `builtin/worktree.o`: + +---- +BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/walken.o +---- + +Build and test out your command, without forgetting to ensure the `DEVELOPER` +flag is set, and with `GIT_TRACE` enabled so the debug output can be seen: + +---- +$ echo DEVELOPER=1 >>config.mak +$ make +$ GIT_TRACE=1 ./bin-wrappers/git walken +---- + +NOTE: For a more exhaustive overview of the new command process, take a look at +`Documentation/MyFirstContribution.txt`. + +NOTE: A reference implementation can be found at +https://github.com/nasamuffin/git/tree/revwalk. + +=== `struct rev_cmdline_info` + +The definition of `struct rev_cmdline_info` can be found in `revision.h`. + +This struct is contained within the `rev_info` struct and is used to reflect +parameters provided by the user over the CLI. + +`nr` represents the number of `rev_cmdline_entry` present in the array. + +`alloc` is used by the `ALLOC_GROW` macro. Check +`Documentation/technical/api-allocation-growing.txt` - this variable is used to +track the allocated size of the list. + +Per entry, we find: + +`item` is the object provided upon which to base the object walk. Items in Git +can be blobs, trees, commits, or tags. (See `Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt`.) + +`name` is the object ID (OID) of the object - a hex string you may be familiar +with from using Git to organize your source in the past. Check the tutorial +mentioned above towards the top for a discussion of where the OID can come +from. + +`whence` indicates some information about what to do with the parents of the +specified object. We'll explore this flag more later on; take a look at +`Documentation/revisions.txt` to get an idea of what could set the `whence` +value. + +`flags` are used to hint the beginning of the revision walk and are the first +block under the `#include`s in `revision.h`. The most likely ones to be set in +the `rev_cmdline_info` are `UNINTERESTING` and `BOTTOM`, but these same flags +can be used during the walk, as well. + +=== `struct rev_info` + +This one is quite a bit longer, and many fields are only used during the walk +by `revision.c` - not configuration options. Most of the configurable flags in +`struct rev_info` have a mirror in `Documentation/rev-list-options.txt`. It's a +good idea to take some time and read through that document. + +== Basic Commit Walk + +First, let's see if we can replicate the output of `git log --oneline`. We'll +refer back to the implementation frequently to discover norms when performing +an object walk of our own. + +To do so, we'll first find all the commits, in order, which preceded the current +commit. We'll extract the name and subject of the commit from each. + +Ideally, we will also be able to find out which ones are currently at the tip of +various branches. + +=== Setting Up + +Preparing for your object walk has some distinct stages. + +1. Perform default setup for this mode, and others which may be invoked. +2. Check configuration files for relevant settings. +3. Set up the `rev_info` struct. +4. Tweak the initialized `rev_info` to suit the current walk. +5. Prepare the `rev_info` for the walk. +6. Iterate over the objects, processing each one. + +==== Default Setups + +Before examining configuration files which may modify command behavior, set up +default state for switches or options your command may have. If your command +utilizes other Git components, ask them to set up their default states as well. +For instance, `git log` takes advantage of `grep` and `diff` functionality, so +its `init_log_defaults()` sets its own state (`decoration_style`) and asks +`grep` and `diff` to initialize themselves by calling each of their +initialization functions. + +For our first example within `git walken`, we don't intend to use any other +components within Git, and we don't have any configuration to do. However, we +may want to add some later, so for now, we can add an empty placeholder. Create +a new function in `builtin/walken.c`: + +---- +static void init_walken_defaults(void) +{ + /* + * We don't actually need the same components `git log` does; leave this + * empty for now. + */ +} +---- + +Make sure to add a line invoking it inside of `cmd_walken()`. + +---- +int cmd_walken(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix) +{ + init_walken_defaults(); +} +---- + +==== Configuring From `.gitconfig` + +Next, we should have a look at any relevant configuration settings (i.e., +settings readable and settable from `git config`). This is done by providing a +callback to `git_config()`; within that callback, you can also invoke methods +from other components you may need that need to intercept these options. Your +callback will be invoked once per each configuration value which Git knows about +(global, local, worktree, etc.). + +Similarly to the default values, we don't have anything to do here yet +ourselves; however, we should call `git_default_config()` if we aren't calling +any other existing config callbacks. + +Add a new function to `builtin/walken.c`: + +---- +static int git_walken_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb) +{ + /* + * For now, we don't have any custom configuration, so fall back to + * the default config. + */ + return git_default_config(var, value, cb); +} +---- + +Make sure to invoke `git_config()` with it in your `cmd_walken()`: + +---- +int cmd_walken(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix) +{ + ... + + git_config(git_walken_config, NULL); + + ... +} +---- + +==== Setting Up `rev_info` + +Now that we've gathered external configuration and options, it's time to +initialize the `rev_info` object which we will use to perform the walk. This is +typically done by calling `repo_init_revisions()` with the repository you intend +to target, as well as the `prefix` argument of `cmd_walken` and your `rev_info` +struct. + +Add the `struct rev_info` and the `repo_init_revisions()` call: +---- +int cmd_walken(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix) +{ + /* This can go wherever you like in your declarations.*/ + struct rev_info rev; + ... + + /* This should go after the git_config() call. */ + repo_init_revisions(the_repository, &rev, prefix); + + ... +} +---- + +==== Tweaking `rev_info` For the Walk + +We're getting close, but we're still not quite ready to go. Now that `rev` is +initialized, we can modify it to fit our needs. This is usually done within a +helper for clarity, so let's add one: + +---- +static void final_rev_info_setup(struct rev_info *rev) +{ + /* + * We want to mimic the appearance of `git log --oneline`, so let's + * force oneline format. + */ + get_commit_format("oneline", rev); + + /* Start our object walk at HEAD. */ + add_head_to_pending(rev); +} +---- + +[NOTE] +==== +Instead of using the shorthand `add_head_to_pending()`, you could do +something like this: +---- + struct setup_revision_opt opt; + + memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt)); + opt.def = "HEAD"; + opt.revarg_opt = REVARG_COMMITTISH; + setup_revisions(argc, argv, rev, &opt); +---- +Using a `setup_revision_opt` gives you finer control over your walk's starting +point. +==== + +Then let's invoke `final_rev_info_setup()` after the call to +`repo_init_revisions()`: + +---- +int cmd_walken(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix) +{ + ... + + final_rev_info_setup(&rev); + + ... +} +---- + +Later, we may wish to add more arguments to `final_rev_info_setup()`. But for +now, this is all we need. + +==== Preparing `rev_info` For the Walk + +Now that `rev` is all initialized and configured, we've got one more setup step +before we get rolling. We can do this in a helper, which will both prepare the +`rev_info` for the walk, and perform the walk itself. Let's start the helper +with the call to `prepare_revision_walk()`, which can return an error without +dying on its own: + +---- +static void walken_commit_walk(struct rev_info *rev) +{ + if (prepare_revision_walk(rev)) + die(_("revision walk setup failed")); +} +---- + +NOTE: `die()` prints to `stderr` and exits the program. Since it will print to +`stderr` it's likely to be seen by a human, so we will localize it. + +==== Performing the Walk! + +Finally! We are ready to begin the walk itself. Now we can see that `rev_info` +can also be used as an iterator; we move to the next item in the walk by using +`get_revision()` repeatedly. Add the listed variable declarations at the top and +the walk loop below the `prepare_revision_walk()` call within your +`walken_commit_walk()`: + +---- +static void walken_commit_walk(struct rev_info *rev) +{ + struct commit *commit; + struct strbuf prettybuf = STRBUF_INIT; + + ... + + while ((commit = get_revision(rev))) { + if (!commit) + continue; + + strbuf_reset(&prettybuf); + pp_commit_easy(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, &prettybuf); + puts(prettybuf.buf); + } + strbuf_release(&prettybuf); +} +---- + +NOTE: `puts()` prints a `char*` to `stdout`. Since this is the part of the +command we expect to be machine-parsed, we're sending it directly to stdout. + +Give it a shot. + +---- +$ make +$ ./bin-wrappers/git walken +---- + +You should see all of the subject lines of all the commits in +your tree's history, in order, ending with the initial commit, "Initial revision +of "git", the information manager from hell". Congratulations! You've written +your first revision walk. You can play with printing some additional fields +from each commit if you're curious; have a look at the functions available in +`commit.h`. + +=== Adding a Filter + +Next, let's try to filter the commits we see based on their author. This is +equivalent to running `git log --author=<pattern>`. We can add a filter by +modifying `rev_info.grep_filter`, which is a `struct grep_opt`. + +First some setup. Add `init_grep_defaults()` to `init_walken_defaults()` and add +`grep_config()` to `git_walken_config()`: + +---- +static void init_walken_defaults(void) +{ + init_grep_defaults(the_repository); +} + +... + +static int git_walken_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb) +{ + grep_config(var, value, cb); + return git_default_config(var, value, cb); +} +---- + +Next, we can modify the `grep_filter`. This is done with convenience functions +found in `grep.h`. For fun, we're filtering to only commits from folks using a +`gmail.com` email address - a not-very-precise guess at who may be working on +Git as a hobby. Since we're checking the author, which is a specific line in the +header, we'll use the `append_header_grep_pattern()` helper. We can use +the `enum grep_header_field` to indicate which part of the commit header we want +to search. + +In `final_rev_info_setup()`, add your filter line: + +---- +static void final_rev_info_setup(int argc, const char **argv, + const char *prefix, struct rev_info *rev) +{ + ... + + append_header_grep_pattern(&rev->grep_filter, GREP_HEADER_AUTHOR, + "gmail"); + compile_grep_patterns(&rev->grep_filter); + + ... +} +---- + +`append_header_grep_pattern()` adds your new "gmail" pattern to `rev_info`, but +it won't work unless we compile it with `compile_grep_patterns()`. + +NOTE: If you are using `setup_revisions()` (for example, if you are passing a +`setup_revision_opt` instead of using `add_head_to_pending()`), you don't need +to call `compile_grep_patterns()` because `setup_revisions()` calls it for you. + +NOTE: We could add the same filter via the `append_grep_pattern()` helper if we +wanted to, but `append_header_grep_pattern()` adds the `enum grep_context` and +`enum grep_pat_token` for us. + +=== Changing the Order + +There are a few ways that we can change the order of the commits during a +revision walk. Firstly, we can use the `enum rev_sort_order` to choose from some +typical orderings. + +`topo_order` is the same as `git log --topo-order`: we avoid showing a parent +before all of its children have been shown, and we avoid mixing commits which +are in different lines of history. (`git help log`'s section on `--topo-order` +has a very nice diagram to illustrate this.) + +Let's see what happens when we run with `REV_SORT_BY_COMMIT_DATE` as opposed to +`REV_SORT_BY_AUTHOR_DATE`. Add the following: + +---- +static void final_rev_info_setup(int argc, const char **argv, + const char *prefix, struct rev_info *rev) +{ + ... + + rev->topo_order = 1; + rev->sort_order = REV_SORT_BY_COMMIT_DATE; + + ... +} +---- + +Let's output this into a file so we can easily diff it with the walk sorted by +author date. + +---- +$ make +$ ./bin-wrappers/git walken > commit-date.txt +---- + +Then, let's sort by author date and run it again. + +---- +static void final_rev_info_setup(int argc, const char **argv, + const char *prefix, struct rev_info *rev) +{ + ... + + rev->topo_order = 1; + rev->sort_order = REV_SORT_BY_AUTHOR_DATE; + + ... +} +---- + +---- +$ make +$ ./bin-wrappers/git walken > author-date.txt +---- + +Finally, compare the two. This is a little less helpful without object names or +dates, but hopefully we get the idea. + +---- +$ diff -u commit-date.txt author-date.txt +---- + +This display indicates that commits can be reordered after they're written, for +example with `git rebase`. + +Let's try one more reordering of commits. `rev_info` exposes a `reverse` flag. +Set that flag somewhere inside of `final_rev_info_setup()`: + +---- +static void final_rev_info_setup(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, + struct rev_info *rev) +{ + ... + + rev->reverse = 1; + + ... +} +---- + +Run your walk again and note the difference in order. (If you remove the grep +pattern, you should see the last commit this call gives you as your current +HEAD.) + +== Basic Object Walk + +So far we've been walking only commits. But Git has more types of objects than +that! Let's see if we can walk _all_ objects, and find out some information +about each one. + +We can base our work on an example. `git pack-objects` prepares all kinds of +objects for packing into a bitmap or packfile. The work we are interested in +resides in `builtins/pack-objects.c:get_object_list()`; examination of that +function shows that the all-object walk is being performed by +`traverse_commit_list()` or `traverse_commit_list_filtered()`. Those two +functions reside in `list-objects.c`; examining the source shows that, despite +the name, these functions traverse all kinds of objects. Let's have a look at +the arguments to `traverse_commit_list_filtered()`, which are a superset of the +arguments to the unfiltered version. + +- `struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options`: This is a struct which + stores a filter-spec as outlined in `Documentation/rev-list-options.txt`. +- `struct rev_info *revs`: This is the `rev_info` used for the walk. +- `show_commit_fn show_commit`: A callback which will be used to handle each + individual commit object. +- `show_object_fn show_object`: A callback which will be used to handle each + non-commit object (so each blob, tree, or tag). +- `void *show_data`: A context buffer which is passed in turn to `show_commit` + and `show_object`. +- `struct oidset *omitted`: A linked-list of object IDs which the provided + filter caused to be omitted. + +It looks like this `traverse_commit_list_filtered()` uses callbacks we provide +instead of needing us to call it repeatedly ourselves. Cool! Let's add the +callbacks first. + +For the sake of this tutorial, we'll simply keep track of how many of each kind +of object we find. At file scope in `builtin/walken.c` add the following +tracking variables: + +---- +static int commit_count; +static int tag_count; +static int blob_count; +static int tree_count; +---- + +Commits are handled by a different callback than other objects; let's do that +one first: + +---- +static void walken_show_commit(struct commit *cmt, void *buf) +{ + commit_count++; +} +---- + +The `cmt` argument is fairly self-explanatory. But it's worth mentioning that +the `buf` argument is actually the context buffer that we can provide to the +traversal calls - `show_data`, which we mentioned a moment ago. + +Since we have the `struct commit` object, we can look at all the same parts that +we looked at in our earlier commit-only walk. For the sake of this tutorial, +though, we'll just increment the commit counter and move on. + +The callback for non-commits is a little different, as we'll need to check +which kind of object we're dealing with: + +---- +static void walken_show_object(struct object *obj, const char *str, void *buf) +{ + switch (obj->type) { + case OBJ_TREE: + tree_count++; + break; + case OBJ_BLOB: + blob_count++; + break; + case OBJ_TAG: + tag_count++; + break; + case OBJ_COMMIT: + BUG("unexpected commit object in walken_show_object\n"); + default: + BUG("unexpected object type %s in walken_show_object\n", + type_name(obj->type)); + } +} +---- + +Again, `obj` is fairly self-explanatory, and we can guess that `buf` is the same +context pointer that `walken_show_commit()` receives: the `show_data` argument +to `traverse_commit_list()` and `traverse_commit_list_filtered()`. Finally, +`str` contains the name of the object, which ends up being something like +`foo.txt` (blob), `bar/baz` (tree), or `v1.2.3` (tag). + +To help assure us that we aren't double-counting commits, we'll include some +complaining if a commit object is routed through our non-commit callback; we'll +also complain if we see an invalid object type. Since those two cases should be +unreachable, and would only change in the event of a semantic change to the Git +codebase, we complain by using `BUG()` - which is a signal to a developer that +the change they made caused unintended consequences, and the rest of the +codebase needs to be updated to understand that change. `BUG()` is not intended +to be seen by the public, so it is not localized. + +Our main object walk implementation is substantially different from our commit +walk implementation, so let's make a new function to perform the object walk. We +can perform setup which is applicable to all objects here, too, to keep separate +from setup which is applicable to commit-only walks. + +We'll start by enabling all types of objects in the `struct rev_info`. We'll +also turn on `tree_blobs_in_commit_order`, which means that we will walk a +commit's tree and everything it points to immediately after we find each commit, +as opposed to waiting for the end and walking through all trees after the commit +history has been discovered. With the appropriate settings configured, we are +ready to call `prepare_revision_walk()`. + +---- +static void walken_object_walk(struct rev_info *rev) +{ + rev->tree_objects = 1; + rev->blob_objects = 1; + rev->tag_objects = 1; + rev->tree_blobs_in_commit_order = 1; + + if (prepare_revision_walk(rev)) + die(_("revision walk setup failed")); + + commit_count = 0; + tag_count = 0; + blob_count = 0; + tree_count = 0; +---- + +Let's start by calling just the unfiltered walk and reporting our counts. +Complete your implementation of `walken_object_walk()`: + +---- + traverse_commit_list(rev, walken_show_commit, walken_show_object, NULL); + + printf("commits %d\nblobs %d\ntags %d\ntrees %d\n", commit_count, + blob_count, tag_count, tree_count); +} +---- + +NOTE: This output is intended to be machine-parsed. Therefore, we are not +sending it to `trace_printf()`, and we are not localizing it - we need scripts +to be able to count on the formatting to be exactly the way it is shown here. +If we were intending this output to be read by humans, we would need to localize +it with `_()`. + +Finally, we'll ask `cmd_walken()` to use the object walk instead. Discussing +command line options is out of scope for this tutorial, so we'll just hardcode +a branch we can change at compile time. Where you call `final_rev_info_setup()` +and `walken_commit_walk()`, instead branch like so: + +---- + if (1) { + add_head_to_pending(&rev); + walken_object_walk(&rev); + } else { + final_rev_info_setup(argc, argv, prefix, &rev); + walken_commit_walk(&rev); + } +---- + +NOTE: For simplicity, we've avoided all the filters and sorts we applied in +`final_rev_info_setup()` and simply added `HEAD` to our pending queue. If you +want, you can certainly use the filters we added before by moving +`final_rev_info_setup()` out of the conditional and removing the call to +`add_head_to_pending()`. + +Now we can try to run our command! It should take noticeably longer than the +commit walk, but an examination of the output will give you an idea why. Your +output should look similar to this example, but with different counts: + +---- +Object walk completed. Found 55733 commits, 100274 blobs, 0 tags, and 104210 trees. +---- + +This makes sense. We have more trees than commits because the Git project has +lots of subdirectories which can change, plus at least one tree per commit. We +have no tags because we started on a commit (`HEAD`) and while tags can point to +commits, commits can't point to tags. + +NOTE: You will have different counts when you run this yourself! The number of +objects grows along with the Git project. + +=== Adding a Filter + +There are a handful of filters that we can apply to the object walk laid out in +`Documentation/rev-list-options.txt`. These filters are typically useful for +operations such as creating packfiles or performing a partial clone. They are +defined in `list-objects-filter-options.h`. For the purposes of this tutorial we +will use the "tree:1" filter, which causes the walk to omit all trees and blobs +which are not directly referenced by commits reachable from the commit in +`pending` when the walk begins. (`pending` is the list of objects which need to +be traversed during a walk; you can imagine a breadth-first tree traversal to +help understand. In our case, that means we omit trees and blobs not directly +referenced by `HEAD` or `HEAD`'s history, because we begin the walk with only +`HEAD` in the `pending` list.) + +First, we'll need to `#include "list-objects-filter-options.h`" and set up the +`struct list_objects_filter_options` at the top of the function. + +---- +static void walken_object_walk(struct rev_info *rev) +{ + struct list_objects_filter_options filter_options = {}; + + ... +---- + +For now, we are not going to track the omitted objects, so we'll replace those +parameters with `NULL`. For the sake of simplicity, we'll add a simple +build-time branch to use our filter or not. Replace the line calling +`traverse_commit_list()` with the following, which will remind us which kind of +walk we've just performed: + +---- + if (0) { + /* Unfiltered: */ + trace_printf(_("Unfiltered object walk.\n")); + traverse_commit_list(rev, walken_show_commit, + walken_show_object, NULL); + } else { + trace_printf( + _("Filtered object walk with filterspec 'tree:1'.\n")); + parse_list_objects_filter(&filter_options, "tree:1"); + + traverse_commit_list_filtered(&filter_options, rev, + walken_show_commit, walken_show_object, NULL, NULL); + } +---- + +`struct list_objects_filter_options` is usually built directly from a command +line argument, so the module provides an easy way to build one from a string. +Even though we aren't taking user input right now, we can still build one with +a hardcoded string using `parse_list_objects_filter()`. + +With the filter spec "tree:1", we are expecting to see _only_ the root tree for +each commit; therefore, the tree object count should be less than or equal to +the number of commits. (For an example of why that's true: `git commit --revert` +points to the same tree object as its grandparent.) + +=== Counting Omitted Objects + +We also have the capability to enumerate all objects which were omitted by a +filter, like with `git log --filter=<spec> --filter-print-omitted`. Asking +`traverse_commit_list_filtered()` to populate the `omitted` list means that our +object walk does not perform any better than an unfiltered object walk; all +reachable objects are walked in order to populate the list. + +First, add the `struct oidset` and related items we will use to iterate it: + +---- +static void walken_object_walk( + ... + + struct oidset omitted; + struct oidset_iter oit; + struct object_id *oid = NULL; + int omitted_count = 0; + oidset_init(&omitted, 0); + + ... +---- + +Modify the call to `traverse_commit_list_filtered()` to include your `omitted` +object: + +---- + ... + + traverse_commit_list_filtered(&filter_options, rev, + walken_show_commit, walken_show_object, NULL, &omitted); + + ... +---- + +Then, after your traversal, the `oidset` traversal is pretty straightforward. +Count all the objects within and modify the print statement: + +---- + /* Count the omitted objects. */ + oidset_iter_init(&omitted, &oit); + + while ((oid = oidset_iter_next(&oit))) + omitted_count++; + + printf("commits %d\nblobs %d\ntags %d\ntrees%d\nomitted %d\n", + commit_count, blob_count, tag_count, tree_count, omitted_count); +---- + +By running your walk with and without the filter, you should find that the total +object count in each case is identical. You can also time each invocation of +the `walken` subcommand, with and without `omitted` being passed in, to confirm +to yourself the runtime impact of tracking all omitted objects. + +=== Changing the Order + +Finally, let's demonstrate that you can also reorder walks of all objects, not +just walks of commits. First, we'll make our handlers chattier - modify +`walken_show_commit()` and `walken_show_object()` to print the object as they +go: + +---- +static void walken_show_commit(struct commit *cmt, void *buf) +{ + trace_printf("commit: %s\n", oid_to_hex(&cmt->object.oid)); + commit_count++; +} + +static void walken_show_object(struct object *obj, const char *str, void *buf) +{ + trace_printf("%s: %s\n", type_name(obj->type), oid_to_hex(&obj->oid)); + + ... +} +---- + +NOTE: Since we will be examining this output directly as humans, we'll use +`trace_printf()` here. Additionally, since this change introduces a significant +number of printed lines, using `trace_printf()` will allow us to easily silence +those lines without having to recompile. + +(Leave the counter increment logic in place.) + +With only that change, run again (but save yourself some scrollback): + +---- +$ GIT_TRACE=1 ./bin-wrappers/git walken | head -n 10 +---- + +Take a look at the top commit with `git show` and the object ID you printed; it +should be the same as the output of `git show HEAD`. + +Next, let's change a setting on our `struct rev_info` within +`walken_object_walk()`. Find where you're changing the other settings on `rev`, +such as `rev->tree_objects` and `rev->tree_blobs_in_commit_order`, and add the +`reverse` setting at the bottom: + +---- + ... + + rev->tree_objects = 1; + rev->blob_objects = 1; + rev->tag_objects = 1; + rev->tree_blobs_in_commit_order = 1; + rev->reverse = 1; + + ... +---- + +Now, run again, but this time, let's grab the last handful of objects instead +of the first handful: + +---- +$ make +$ GIT_TRACE=1 ./bin-wrappers git walken | tail -n 10 +---- + +The last commit object given should have the same OID as the one we saw at the +top before, and running `git show <oid>` with that OID should give you again +the same results as `git show HEAD`. Furthermore, if you run and examine the +first ten lines again (with `head` instead of `tail` like we did before applying +the `reverse` setting), you should see that now the first commit printed is the +initial commit, `e83c5163`. + +== Wrapping Up + +Let's review. In this tutorial, we: + +- Built a commit walk from the ground up +- Enabled a grep filter for that commit walk +- Changed the sort order of that filtered commit walk +- Built an object walk (tags, commits, trees, and blobs) from the ground up +- Learned how to add a filter-spec to an object walk +- Changed the display order of the filtered object walk diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.5.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.5.0.txt index daf4bdb0d7..d6d42f3183 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.5.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.5.0.txt @@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ Updates in v1.5.0 since v1.4.4 series the repository when that happens. -* Crufts removal +* Cruft removal - We used to say "old commits are retrievable using reflog and 'master@{yesterday}' syntax as long as you haven't run @@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ Updates in v1.5.0 since v1.4.4 series - The value of i18n.commitencoding in the originating repository is recorded in the commit object on the "encoding" header, if it is not UTF-8. git-log and friends notice this, - and reencodes the message to the log output encoding when + and re-encodes the message to the log output encoding when displaying, if they are different. The log output encoding is determined by "git log --encoding=<encoding>", i18n.logoutputencoding configuration, or i18n.commitencoding diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.5.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.5.4.txt index d3a2a3e712..344333de66 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.5.4.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.5.4.txt @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Fixes since v1.6.5.3 * "git prune-packed" gave progress output even when its standard error is not connected to a terminal; this caused cron jobs that run it to - produce crufts. + produce cruft. * "git pack-objects --all-progress" is an option to ask progress output from write-object phase _if_ progress output were to be produced, and diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.0.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.0.2.txt index fcb46ca6a4..73ed2b5278 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.0.2.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.0.2.txt @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Fixes since v1.7.0.1 * "git status" in 1.7.0 lacked the optimization we used to have in 1.6.X series to speed up scanning of large working tree. - * "gitweb" did not diagnose parsing errors properly while reading tis configuration + * "gitweb" did not diagnose parsing errors properly while reading its configuration file. And other minor fixes and documentation updates. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.4.txt index 326670df6e..57597f2bf3 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.4.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.4.txt @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Fixes since v1.7.10.3 * The message file for Swedish translation has been updated a bit. * A name taken from mailmap was copied into an internal buffer - incorrectly and could overun the buffer if it is too long. + incorrectly and could overrun the buffer if it is too long. * A malformed commit object that has a header line chomped in the middle could kill git with a NULL pointer dereference. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.3.txt index ecda427a35..4b822976b8 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.3.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.3.txt @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Fixes since v1.7.12.2 its Accept-Encoding header. * "git receive-pack" (the counterpart to "git push") did not give - progress output while processing objects it received to the puser + progress output while processing objects it received to the user when run over the smart-http protocol. * "git status" honored the ignore=dirty settings in .gitmodules but diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt index 9c03353af2..1d24edcf2f 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Fixes since v1.7.5.2 * "git log --stdin path" with an input that has additional pathspec used to corrupt memory. - * "git send-pack" (hence "git push") over smalt-HTTP protocol could + * "git send-pack" (hence "git push") over smart-HTTP protocol could deadlock when the client side pack-object died early. * Compressed tarball gitweb generates used to be made with the timestamp diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.txt index 43883c14f0..63d6e4afa4 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.txt @@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ to them for details). together, misdetected branches. * "git receive-pack" (the counterpart to "git push") did not give - progress output while processing objects it received to the puser + progress output while processing objects it received to the user when run over the smart-http protocol. * When you misspell the command name you give to the "exec" action in diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.1.txt index 96090ef599..c257beb114 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.1.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.1.txt @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Fixes since v1.8.4 in 1.8.4-rc1). * "git rebase -i" and other scripted commands were feeding a - random, data dependant error message to 'echo' and expecting it + random, data dependent error message to 'echo' and expecting it to come out literally. * Setting the "submodule.<name>.path" variable to the empty diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.1.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.1.3.txt index acc9ebb886..0dfb17c4fc 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.1.3.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.1.3.txt @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Git v2.1.3 Release Notes they are new enough to support the `--output` option. * "git pack-objects" forgot to disable the codepath to generate - object recheability bitmap when it needs to split the resulting + object reachability bitmap when it needs to split the resulting pack. * "gitweb" used deprecated CGI::startfrom, which was removed from diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.0.txt index f4da28ab66..3792b7d03d 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.0.txt @@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ notes for details). * One part of "git am" had an oddball helper function that called stuff from outside "his" as opposed to calling what we have "ours", which was not gender-neutral and also inconsistent with the rest of - the system where outside stuff is usuall called "theirs" in + the system where outside stuff is usually called "theirs" in contrast to "ours". * "git blame file" allowed the lineage of lines in the uncommitted, diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.2.txt index c4d4397023..abbd331508 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.2.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.2.txt @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ Fixes since v2.10.1 by refusing to check out a branch that is already checked out in another worktree. However, this also prevented checking out a branch, which is designated as the primary branch of a bare - reopsitory, in a worktree that is connected to the bare + repository, in a worktree that is connected to the bare repository. The check has been corrected to allow it. * "git rebase" immediately after "git clone" failed to find the fork diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt index 9cd14c8197..7d35cf186d 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ Fixes since v2.11 "git difftool --dir-diff" from a subdirectory never worked. This has been fixed. - * "git p4" that tracks multile p4 paths imported a single changelist + * "git p4" that tracks multiple p4 paths imported a single changelist that touches files in these multiple paths as one commit, followed by many empty commits. This has been fixed. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt index ef8b97da9b..d2f6a83614 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt @@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ notes for details). "git difftool --dir-diff" from a subdirectory never worked. This has been fixed. - * "git p4" that tracks multile p4 paths imported a single changelist + * "git p4" that tracks multiple p4 paths imported a single changelist that touches files in these multiple paths as one commit, followed by many empty commits. This has been fixed. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.0.txt index aa99d4b3ce..2a47b4cb0c 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.0.txt @@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ UI, Workflows & Features been changed to enable "--decorate". * The output from "git status --short" has been extended to show - various kinds of dirtyness in submodules differently; instead of to + various kinds of dirtiness in submodules differently; instead of to "M" for modified, 'm' and '?' can be shown to signal changes only to the working tree of the submodule but not the commit that is checked out. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.3.txt index 5d76ad5310..384e4de265 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.3.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.13.3.txt @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Fixes since v2.13.2 * The code to pick up and execute command alias definition from the configuration used to switch to the top of the working tree and then come back when the expanded alias was executed, which was - unnecessarilyl complex. Attempt to simplify the logic by using the + unnecessarily complex. Attempt to simplify the logic by using the early-config mechanism that does not chdir around. * "git add -p" were updated in 2.12 timeframe to cope with custom @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Fixes since v2.13.2 * Fix a recent regression to "git rebase -i" and add tests that would have caught it and others. - * An unaligned 32-bit access in pack-bitmap code ahs been corrected. + * An unaligned 32-bit access in pack-bitmap code has been corrected. * Tighten error checks for invalid "git apply" input. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.0.txt index 4246c68ff5..2711a2529d 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.14.0.txt @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. * Some platforms have ulong that is smaller than time_t, and our historical use of ulong for timestamp would mean they cannot represent some timestamp that the platform allows. Invent a - separate and dedicated timestamp_t (so that we can distingiuish + separate and dedicated timestamp_t (so that we can distinguish timestamps and a vanilla ulongs, which along is already a good move), and then declare uintmax_t is the type to be used as the timestamp_t. @@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ notes for details). * The code to pick up and execute command alias definition from the configuration used to switch to the top of the working tree and then come back when the expanded alias was executed, which was - unnecessarilyl complex. Attempt to simplify the logic by using the + unnecessarily complex. Attempt to simplify the logic by using the early-config mechanism that does not chdir around. * Fix configuration codepath to pay proper attention to commondir diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.0.txt index 0c81c5915f..b474781ed8 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.0.txt @@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ Fixes since v2.15 (merge eef3df5a93 bw/pathspec-match-submodule-boundary later to maint). * Amending commits in git-gui broke the author name that is non-ascii - due to incorrect enconding conversion. + due to incorrect encoding conversion. * Recent update to the submodule configuration code broke "diff-tree" by accidentally stopping to read from the index upfront. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.3.txt index 64a0bcb0d2..f0121a8f2d 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.3.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.16.3.txt @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Fixes since v2.16.2 * The http tracing code, often used to debug connection issues, learned to redact potentially sensitive information from its output - so that it can be more safely sharable. + so that it can be more safely shareable. * Crash fix for a corner case where an error codepath tried to unlock what it did not acquire lock on. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.17.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.17.0.txt index c2cf891f71..8b17c26033 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.17.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.17.0.txt @@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ Fixes since v2.16 * The http tracing code, often used to debug connection issues, learned to redact potentially sensitive information from its output - so that it can be more safely sharable. + so that it can be more safely shareable. (merge 8ba18e6fa4 jt/http-redact-cookies later to maint). * Crash fix for a corner case where an error codepath tried to unlock diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.18.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.18.0.txt index 3ea280cf68..6c8a0e97c1 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.18.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.18.0.txt @@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. (merge 00a3da2a13 nd/remove-ignore-env-field later to maint). * Code to find the length to uniquely abbreviate object names based - on packfile content, which is a relatively recent addtion, has been + on packfile content, which is a relatively recent addition, has been optimized to use the same fan-out table. * The mechanism to use parse-options API to automate the command line diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt index a06ccf6e2a..891c79b9cb 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt @@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. * The conversion to pass "the_repository" and then "a_repository" throughout the object access API continues. - * Continuing with the idea to programatically enumerate various + * Continuing with the idea to programmatically enumerate various pieces of data required for command line completion, teach the codebase to report the list of configuration variables subcommands care about to help complete them. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.20.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.20.0.txt index e71fe3dee1..3dd7e6e1fc 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.20.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.20.0.txt @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ UI, Workflows & Features alias expansion. * The documentation of "git gc" has been updated to mention that it - is no longer limited to "pruning away crufts" but also updates + is no longer limited to "pruning away cruft" but also updates ancillary files like commit-graph as a part of repository optimization. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.24.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.24.0.txt index 22de0bc497..bde154124c 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.24.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.24.0.txt @@ -6,10 +6,9 @@ Updates since v2.23 Backward compatibility note - * Although it is not officially deprecated, "filter-branch" is - showing its age and alternatives are available. From this release, - we started to discourage its uses and hint people about - filter-repo. + * "filter-branch" is showing its age and alternatives are available. + From this release, we started to discourage its use and hint + people about filter-repo. UI, Workflows & Features @@ -75,6 +74,9 @@ UI, Workflows & Features submodules, but this did not apply to "git fetch --multiple" that fetches from multiple remote repositories. It now does. + * The installation instruction for zsh completion script (in + contrib/) has been a bit improved. + Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. @@ -313,7 +315,7 @@ Fixes since v2.23 to access the worktree correctly, which has been corrected. (merge dfd557c978 js/stash-apply-in-secondary-worktree later to maint). - * The merge-recursive machiery is one of the most complex parts of + * The merge-recursive machinery is one of the most complex parts of the system that accumulated cruft over time. This large series cleans up the implementation quite a bit. (merge b657047719 en/merge-recursive-cleanup later to maint). @@ -327,6 +329,20 @@ Fixes since v2.23 corrected. (merge 2b6a9b13ca tg/range-diff-output-update later to maint). + * Dev support update. + (merge 4f3c1dc5d6 dl/allow-running-cocci-verbosely later to maint). + + * "git format-patch -o <outdir>" did an equivalent of "mkdir <outdir>" + not "mkdir -p <outdir>", which was corrected. + + * "git stash save" lost local changes to submodules, which has been + corrected. + (merge 556895d0c8 jj/stash-reset-only-toplevel later to maint). + + * The atomic push over smart HTTP transport did not work, which has + been corrected. + (merge 6f1194246a bc/smart-http-atomic-push later to maint). + * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc. (merge d1387d3895 en/fast-import-merge-doc later to maint). (merge 1c24a54ea4 bm/repository-layout-typofix later to maint). @@ -368,3 +384,15 @@ Fixes since v2.23 (merge d928a8388a am/t0028-utf16-tests later to maint). (merge b05b40930e dl/t0000-skip-test-test later to maint). (merge 03d3b1297c js/xdiffi-comment-updates later to maint). + (merge 57d8f4b4c7 js/doc-stash-save later to maint). + (merge 8c1cfd58e3 ta/t1308-typofix later to maint). + (merge fa364ad790 bb/utf8-wcwidth-cleanup later to maint). + (merge 68b69211b2 bb/compat-util-comment-fix later to maint). + (merge 5cc6a4be11 rs/http-push-simplify later to maint). + (merge a81e42d235 rs/column-use-utf8-strnwidth later to maint). + (merge 062a309d36 rs/remote-curl-use-argv-array later to maint). + (merge 3b3c79f6c9 nr/diff-highlight-indent-fix later to maint). + (merge 3444ec2eb2 wb/fsmonitor-bitmap-fix later to maint). + (merge 10da030ab7 cb/pcre2-chartables-leakfix later to maint). + (merge 60e6569a12 js/mingw-needs-hiding-fix later to maint). + (merge 52bd3e4657 rl/gitweb-blame-prev-fix later to maint). diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.25.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.25.0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e4bb07ac25 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.25.0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ +Git 2.25 Release Notes +====================== + +Updates since v2.24 +------------------- + +Backward compatibility notes + + +UI, Workflows & Features + + * A tutorial on object enumeration has been added. + + * The branch description ("git branch --edit-description") has been + used to fill the body of the cover letters by the format-patch + command; this has been enhanced so that the subject can also be + filled. + + * "git rebase --preserve-merges" has been marked as deprecated; this + release stops advertising it in the "git rebase -h" output. + + * The code to generate multi-pack index learned to show (or not to + show) progress indicators. + + * "git apply --3way" learned to honor merge.conflictStyle + configuration variable, like merges would. + + * The custom format for "git log --format=<format>" learned the l/L + placeholder that is similar to e/E that fills in the e-mail + address, but only the local part on the left side of '@'. + + * Documentation pages for "git shortlog" now list commit limiting + options explicitly. + + * The patterns to detect function boundary for Elixir language has + been added. + + * The completion script (in contrib/) learned that the "--onto" + option of "git rebase" can take its argument as the value of the + option. + + +Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. + + * Debugging support for lazy cloning has been a bit improved. + + * Move the definition of a set of bitmask constants from 0ctal + literal to (1U<<count) notation. + + * Test updates to prepare for SHA-2 transition continues. + + * Crufty code and logic accumulated over time around the object + parsing and low-level object access used in "git fsck" have been + cleaned up. + + * The implementation of "git log --graph" got refactored and then its + output got simplified. + + * Follow recent push to move API docs from Documentation/ to header + files and update config.h + + * "git bundle" has been taught to use the parse options API. "git + bundle verify" learned "--quiet" and "git bundle create" learned + options to control the progress output. + + * Handling of commit objects that use non UTF-8 encoding during + "rebase -i" has been improved. + + +Fixes since v2.24 +----------------- + + * "rebase -i" ceased to run post-commit hook by mistake in an earlier + update, which has been corrected. + + * "git notes copy $original" ought to copy the notes attached to the + original object to HEAD, but a mistaken tightening to command line + parameter validation made earlier disabled that feature by mistake. + + * When all files from some subdirectory were renamed to the root + directory, the directory rename heuristics would fail to detect that + as a rename/merge of the subdirectory to the root directory, which has + been corrected. + + * Code clean-up and a bugfix in the logic used to tell worktree local + and repository global refs apart. + (merge f45f88b2e4 sg/dir-trie-fixes later to maint). + + * "git stash save" in a working tree that is sparsely checked out + mistakenly removed paths that are outside the area of interest. + (merge 4a58c3d7f7 js/update-index-ignore-removal-for-skip-worktree later to maint). + + * "git rev-parse --git-path HEAD.lock" did not give the right path + when run in a secondary worktree. + (merge 76a53d640f js/git-path-head-dot-lock-fix later to maint). + + * "git merge --no-commit" needs "--no-ff" if you do not want to move + HEAD, which has been corrected in the manual page for "git bisect". + (merge 8dd327b246 ma/bisect-doc-sample-update later to maint). + + * "git worktree add" internally calls "reset --hard" that should not + descend into submodules, even when submodule.recurse configuration + is set, but it was affected. This has been corrected. + (merge 4782cf2ab6 pb/no-recursive-reset-hard-in-worktree-add later to maint). + + * Messages from die() etc. can be mixed up from multiple processes + without even line buffering on Windows, which has been worked + around. + (merge 116d1fa6c6 js/vreportf-wo-buffering later to maint). + + * HTTP transport had possible allocator/deallocator mismatch, which + has been corrected. + + * The watchman integration for fsmonitor was racy, which has been + corrected to be more conservative. + (merge dd0b61f577 kw/fsmonitor-watchman-fix later to maint). + + * Fetching from multiple remotes into the same repository in parallel + had a bad interaction with the recent change to (optionally) update + the commit-graph after a fetch job finishes, as these parallel + fetches compete with each other. Which has been corrected. + + * Recent update to "git stash pop" made the command empty the index + when run with the "--quiet" option, which has been corrected. + + * "git fetch" codepath had a big "do not lazily fetch missing objects + when I ask if something exists" switch. This has been corrected by + marking the "does this thing exist?" calls with "if not please do not + lazily fetch it" flag. + + * Test update to avoid wasted cycles. + (merge e0316695ec sg/skip-skipped-prereq later to maint). + + * Error handling after "git push" finishes sending the packdata and + waits for the response to the remote side has been improved. + (merge ad7a403268 jk/send-pack-remote-failure later to maint). + + * Some codepaths in "gitweb" that forgot to escape URLs generated + based on end-user input have been corrected. + (merge a376e37b2c jk/gitweb-anti-xss later to maint). + + * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc. + (merge 80736d7c5e jc/am-show-current-patch-docfix later to maint). + (merge 8b656572ca sg/commit-graph-usage-fix later to maint). + (merge 6c02042139 mr/clone-dir-exists-to-path-exists later to maint). + (merge 44ae131e38 sg/blame-indent-heuristics-is-now-the-default later to maint). + (merge 0115e5d929 dl/doc-diff-no-index-implies-exit-code later to maint). + (merge 270de6acbe en/t6024-style later to maint). + (merge 14c4776d75 ns/test-desc-typofix later to maint). + (merge 68d40f30c4 dj/typofix-merge-strat later to maint). + (merge f66e0401ab jk/optim-in-pack-idx-conversion later to maint). + (merge 169bed7421 rs/parse-options-dup-null-fix later to maint). + (merge 51bd6be32d rs/use-copy-array-in-mingw-shell-command-preparation later to maint). + (merge b018719927 ma/t7004 later to maint). + (merge 932757b0cc ar/install-doc-update-cmds-needing-the-shell later to maint). diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.3.txt index 5ef12644c2..850dc68ede 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.3.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.3.txt @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Fixes since v2.3.2 * Description given by "grep -h" for its --exclude-standard option was phrased poorly. - * Documentaton for "git remote add" mentioned "--tags" and + * Documentation for "git remote add" mentioned "--tags" and "--no-tags" and it was not clear that fetch from the remote in the future will use the default behaviour when neither is given to override it. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.7.txt index fc95812cb3..5769184081 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.7.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.3.7.txt @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Git v2.3.7 Release Notes Fixes since v2.3.6 ------------------ - * An earlier update to the parser that disects a URL broke an + * An earlier update to the parser that dissects a URL broke an address, followed by a colon, followed by an empty string (instead of the port number), e.g. ssh://example.com:/path/to/repo. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.3.txt index 914d2c1860..422e930aa2 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.3.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.4.3.txt @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ Fixes since v2.4.3 * Some time ago, "git blame" (incorrectly) lost the convert_to_git() call when synthesizing a fake "tip" commit that represents the state in the working tree, which broke folks who record the history - with LF line ending to make their project portabile across + with LF line ending to make their project portable across platforms while terminating lines in their working tree files with CRLF for their platform. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.0.txt index 563dadc57e..e3cbf3a73c 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.7.0.txt @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ UI, Workflows & Features * "git interpret-trailers" can now run outside of a Git repository. - * "git p4" learned to reencode the pathname it uses to communicate + * "git p4" learned to re-encode the pathname it uses to communicate with the p4 depot with a new option. * Give progress meter to "git filter-branch". diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.0.txt index 5fbe1b86ee..27320b6a9f 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.0.txt @@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. * Some calls to strcpy(3) triggers a false warning from static analyzers that are less intelligent than humans, and reducing the number of these false hits helps us notice real issues. A few - calls to strcpy(3) in a couple of protrams that are already safe + calls to strcpy(3) in a couple of programs that are already safe has been rewritten to avoid false warnings. * The "name_path" API was an attempt to reduce the need to construct diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.3.txt index 695b86f612..305e08062b 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.3.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.9.3.txt @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ Fixes since v2.9.2 * One part of "git am" had an oddball helper function that called stuff from outside "his" as opposed to calling what we have "ours", which was not gender-neutral and also inconsistent with the rest of - the system where outside stuff is usuall called "theirs" in + the system where outside stuff is usually called "theirs" in contrast to "ours". * The test framework learned a new helper test_match_signal to diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt index f50f1b4128..83e7bba872 100644 --- a/Documentation/config.txt +++ b/Documentation/config.txt @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ refer to linkgit:gitignore[5] for details. For convenience: `gitdir/i`:: This is the same as `gitdir` except that matching is done - case-insensitively (e.g. on case-insensitive file sytems) + case-insensitively (e.g. on case-insensitive file systems) `onbranch`:: The data that follows the keyword `onbranch:` is taken to be a diff --git a/Documentation/config/add.txt b/Documentation/config/add.txt index 4d753f006e..c9f748f81c 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/add.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/add.txt @@ -5,3 +5,8 @@ add.ignore-errors (deprecated):: option of linkgit:git-add[1]. `add.ignore-errors` is deprecated, as it does not follow the usual naming convention for configuration variables. + +add.interactive.useBuiltin:: + [EXPERIMENTAL] Set to `true` to use the experimental built-in + implementation of the interactive version of linkgit:git-add[1] + instead of the Perl script version. Is `false` by default. diff --git a/Documentation/config/format.txt b/Documentation/config/format.txt index cb629fa769..513fcd88d5 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/format.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/format.txt @@ -36,6 +36,12 @@ format.subjectPrefix:: The default for format-patch is to output files with the '[PATCH]' subject prefix. Use this variable to change that prefix. +format.coverFromDescription:: + The default mode for format-patch to determine which parts of + the cover letter will be populated using the branch's + description. See the `--cover-from-description` option in + linkgit:git-format-patch[1]. + format.signature:: The default for format-patch is to output a signature containing the Git version number. Use this variable to change that default. @@ -81,7 +87,7 @@ format.coverLetter:: format.outputDirectory:: Set a custom directory to store the resulting files instead of the - current working directory. + current working directory. All directory components will be created. format.useAutoBase:: A boolean value which lets you enable the `--base=auto` option of diff --git a/Documentation/config/tag.txt b/Documentation/config/tag.txt index ef5adb3f42..6d9110d84c 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/tag.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/tag.txt @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ tag.gpgSign:: Use of this option when running in an automated script can result in a large number of tags being signed. It is therefore convenient to use an agent to avoid typing your gpg passphrase - several times. Note that this option doesn't affects tag signing + several times. Note that this option doesn't affect tag signing behavior enabled by "-u <keyid>" or "--local-user=<keyid>" options. tar.umask:: diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt index 43b9ff3bce..a2f78624a2 100644 --- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt @@ -92,6 +92,10 @@ ifndef::git-pull[] Run `git gc --auto` at the end to perform garbage collection if needed. This is enabled by default. +--[no-]write-commit-graph:: + Write a commit-graph after fetching. This overrides the config + setting `fetch.writeCommitGraph`. + -p:: --prune:: Before fetching, remove any remote-tracking references that no diff --git a/Documentation/git-am.txt b/Documentation/git-am.txt index fc3b993c33..fc5750b3b8 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-am.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-am.txt @@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ default. You can use `--no-utf8` to override this. untouched. --show-current-patch:: - Show the patch being applied when "git am" is stopped because + Show the entire e-mail message "git am" has stopped at, because of conflicts. DISCUSSION diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt index e99925184d..2957bc5e0a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt @@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ Test suites are very nice. But when they are used alone, they are supposed to be used so that all the tests are checked after each commit. This means that they are not very efficient, because many tests are run for no interesting result, and they suffer from -combinational explosion. +combinatorial explosion. In fact the problem is that big software often has many different configuration options and that each test case should pass for each diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt index 4b45d837a7..7586c5a843 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt @@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ $ cat ~/test.sh # tweak the working tree by merging the hot-fix branch # and then attempt a build -if git merge --no-commit hot-fix && +if git merge --no-commit --no-ff hot-fix && make then # run project specific test and report its status diff --git a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt index 7d6c9dcd17..ccada80a4a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ git-bundle - Move objects and refs by archive SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git bundle' create <file> <git-rev-list-args> -'git bundle' verify <file> +'git bundle' create [-q | --quiet | --progress | --all-progress] [--all-progress-implied] <file> <git-rev-list-args> +'git bundle' verify [-q | --quiet] <file> 'git bundle' list-heads <file> [<refname>...] 'git bundle' unbundle <file> [<refname>...] @@ -33,9 +33,11 @@ destination repository. OPTIONS ------- -create <file>:: +create [options] <file> <git-rev-list-args>:: Used to create a bundle named 'file'. This requires the 'git-rev-list-args' arguments to define the bundle contents. + 'options' contains the options specific to the 'git bundle create' + subcommand. verify <file>:: Used to check that a bundle file is valid and will apply @@ -75,6 +77,33 @@ unbundle <file>:: necessarily everything in the pack (in this case, 'git bundle' acts like 'git fetch-pack'). +--progress:: + Progress status is reported on the standard error stream + by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q + is specified. This flag forces progress status even if + the standard error stream is not directed to a terminal. + +--all-progress:: + When --stdout is specified then progress report is + displayed during the object count and compression phases + but inhibited during the write-out phase. The reason is + that in some cases the output stream is directly linked + to another command which may wish to display progress + status of its own as it processes incoming pack data. + This flag is like --progress except that it forces progress + report for the write-out phase as well even if --stdout is + used. + +--all-progress-implied:: + This is used to imply --all-progress whenever progress display + is activated. Unlike --all-progress this flag doesn't actually + force any progress display by itself. + +-q:: +--quiet:: + This flag makes the command not to report its progress + on the standard error stream. + SPECIFYING REFERENCES --------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt b/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt index 3c0578217b..84f41a8e82 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ OPTIONS instead of from the command-line. -z:: - The output format is modified to be machine-parseable. + The output format is modified to be machine-parsable. If `--stdin` is also given, input paths are separated with a NUL character instead of a linefeed character. diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt index 8b42cb3fb2..8b2d49c79e 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ OPTIONS instead of from the command-line. -z:: - The output format is modified to be machine-parseable (see + The output format is modified to be machine-parsable (see below). If `--stdin` is also given, input paths are separated with a NUL character instead of a linefeed character. diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt b/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt index 8c708a7a16..bcd85c1976 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt @@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ git-commit-graph - Write and verify Git commit-graph files SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git commit-graph read' [--object-dir <dir>] 'git commit-graph verify' [--object-dir <dir>] [--shallow] [--[no-]progress] 'git commit-graph write' <options> [--object-dir <dir>] [--[no-]progress] @@ -74,11 +73,6 @@ Finally, if `--expire-time=<datetime>` is not specified, let `datetime` be the current time. After writing the split commit-graph, delete all unused commit-graph whose modified times are older than `datetime`. -'read':: - -Read the commit-graph file and output basic details about it. -Used for debugging purposes. - 'verify':: Read the commit-graph file and verify its contents against the object @@ -118,12 +112,6 @@ $ git show-ref -s | git commit-graph write --stdin-commits $ git rev-parse HEAD | git commit-graph write --stdin-commits --append ------------------------------------------------ -* Read basic information from the commit-graph file. -+ ------------------------------------------------- -$ git commit-graph read ------------------------------------------------- - GIT --- diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt index 79e22b1f3a..1b1c71ad9d 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt @@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ In `dbDriver` and `dbUser` you can use the following variables: Git directory name %g:: Git directory name, where all characters except for - alpha-numeric ones, `.`, and `-` are replaced with + alphanumeric ones, `.`, and `-` are replaced with `_` (this should make it easier to use the directory name in a filename if wanted) %m:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff.txt b/Documentation/git-diff.txt index 72179d993c..37781cf175 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-diff.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-diff.txt @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ two blob objects, or changes between two files on disk. running the command in a working tree controlled by Git and at least one of the paths points outside the working tree, or when running the command outside a working tree - controlled by Git. + controlled by Git. This form implies `--exit-code`. 'git diff' [<options>] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt index 37634bffd1..e8950de3ba 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ by keeping the marks the same across runs. Specify how to handle `encoding` header in commit objects. When asking to 'abort' (which is the default), this program will die when encountering such a commit object. With 'yes', the commit - message will be reencoded into UTF-8. With 'no', the original + message will be re-encoded into UTF-8. With 'no', the original encoding will be preserved. --refspec:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt index 5876598852..3686a67d3e 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt @@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ repo-filter' also provides https://github.com/newren/git-filter-repo/blob/master/contrib/filter-repo-demos/filter-lamely[filter-lamely], a drop-in git-filter-branch replacement (with a few caveats). While filter-lamely suffers from all the same safety issues as -git-filter-branch, it at least ameloriates the performance issues a +git-filter-branch, it at least ameliorates the performance issues a little. [[SAFETY]] @@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ create hoards of confusing empty commits commits from before the filtering operation are also pruned instead of just pruning commits that became empty due to filtering rules. -* If --prune empty is specified, sometimes empty commits are missed +* If --prune-empty is specified, sometimes empty commits are missed and left around anyway (a somewhat rare bug, but it happens...) * A minor issue, but users who have a goal to update all names and diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt index 0ac56f4b70..00bdf9b125 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files] [--in-reply-to=<message id>] [--suffix=.<sfx>] [--ignore-if-in-upstream] + [--cover-from-description=<mode>] [--rfc] [--subject-prefix=<subject prefix>] [(--reroll-count|-v) <n>] [--to=<email>] [--cc=<email>] @@ -66,7 +67,8 @@ they are created in the current working directory. The default path can be set with the `format.outputDirectory` configuration option. The `-o` option takes precedence over `format.outputDirectory`. To store patches in the current working directory even when -`format.outputDirectory` points elsewhere, use `-o .`. +`format.outputDirectory` points elsewhere, use `-o .`. All directory +components will be created. By default, the subject of a single patch is "[PATCH] " followed by the concatenation of lines from the commit message up to the first blank @@ -171,6 +173,26 @@ will want to ensure that threading is disabled for `git send-email`. patches being generated, and any patch that matches is ignored. +--cover-from-description=<mode>:: + Controls which parts of the cover letter will be automatically + populated using the branch's description. ++ +If `<mode>` is `message` or `default`, the cover letter subject will be +populated with placeholder text. The body of the cover letter will be +populated with the branch's description. This is the default mode when +no configuration nor command line option is specified. ++ +If `<mode>` is `subject`, the first paragraph of the branch description will +populate the cover letter subject. The remainder of the description will +populate the body of the cover letter. ++ +If `<mode>` is `auto`, if the first paragraph of the branch description +is greater than 100 bytes, then the mode will be `message`, otherwise +`subject` will be used. ++ +If `<mode>` is `none`, both the cover letter subject and body will be +populated with placeholder text. + --subject-prefix=<subject prefix>:: Instead of the standard '[PATCH]' prefix in the subject line, instead use '[<subject prefix>]'. This @@ -347,6 +369,7 @@ with configuration variables. signOff = true outputDirectory = <directory> coverLetter = auto + coverFromDescription = auto ------------ diff --git a/Documentation/git-multi-pack-index.txt b/Documentation/git-multi-pack-index.txt index 233b2b7862..642d9ac5b7 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-multi-pack-index.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-multi-pack-index.txt @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-multi-pack-index - Write and verify multi-pack-indexes SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git multi-pack-index' [--object-dir=<dir>] <subcommand> +'git multi-pack-index' [--object-dir=<dir>] [--[no-]progress] <subcommand> DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ OPTIONS `<dir>/packs/multi-pack-index` for the current MIDX file, and `<dir>/packs` for the pack-files to index. +--[no-]progress:: + Turn progress on/off explicitly. If neither is specified, progress is + shown if standard error is connected to a terminal. + The following subcommands are available: write:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-notes.txt b/Documentation/git-notes.txt index f56a5a9197..ced2e8280e 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-notes.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-notes.txt @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [verse] 'git notes' [list [<object>]] 'git notes' add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-F <file> | -m <msg> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>] -'git notes' copy [-f] ( --stdin | <from-object> <to-object> ) +'git notes' copy [-f] ( --stdin | <from-object> [<to-object>] ) 'git notes' append [--allow-empty] [-F <file> | -m <msg> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>] 'git notes' edit [--allow-empty] [<object>] 'git notes' show [<object>] @@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ add:: subcommand). copy:: - Copy the notes for the first object onto the second object. - Abort if the second object already has notes, or if the first + Copy the notes for the first object onto the second object (defaults to + HEAD). Abort if the second object already has notes, or if the first object has none (use -f to overwrite existing notes to the second object). This subcommand is equivalent to: `git notes add [-f] -C $(git notes list <from-object>) <to-object>` diff --git a/Documentation/git-range-diff.txt b/Documentation/git-range-diff.txt index 8a6ea2c6c5..9701c1e5fd 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-range-diff.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-range-diff.txt @@ -57,6 +57,10 @@ to revert to color all lines according to the outer diff markers See the ``Algorithm`` section below for an explanation why this is needed. +--[no-]notes[=<ref>]:: + This flag is passed to the `git log` program + (see linkgit:git-log[1]) that generates the patches. + <range1> <range2>:: Compare the commits specified by the two ranges, where `<range1>` is considered an older version of `<range2>`. @@ -75,7 +79,7 @@ to revert to color all lines according to the outer diff markers linkgit:git-diff[1]), most notably the `--color=[<when>]` and `--no-color` options. These options are used when generating the "diff between patches", i.e. to compare the author, commit message and diff of -corresponding old/new commits. There is currently no means to tweak the +corresponding old/new commits. There is currently no means to tweak most of the diff options passed to `git log` when generating those patches. OUTPUT STABILITY @@ -242,7 +246,7 @@ corresponding. The overall time needed to compute this algorithm is the time needed to compute n+m commit diffs and then n*m diffs of patches, plus the time -needed to compute the least-cost assigment between n and m diffs. Git +needed to compute the least-cost assignment between n and m diffs. Git uses an implementation of the Jonker-Volgenant algorithm to solve the assignment problem, which has cubic runtime complexity. The matching found in this case will look like this: diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt index 639a4179d1..0c4f038dd6 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt @@ -443,8 +443,8 @@ the `rebase-cousins` mode is turned on, such commits are instead rebased onto `<upstream>` (or `<onto>`, if specified). + The `--rebase-merges` mode is similar in spirit to the deprecated -`--preserve-merges`, but in contrast to that option works well in interactive -rebases: commits can be reordered, inserted and dropped at will. +`--preserve-merges` but works with interactive rebases, +where commits can be reordered, inserted and dropped at will. + It is currently only possible to recreate the merge commits using the `recursive` merge strategy; Different merge strategies can be used only via diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt index e72d332b83..9985477efe 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt @@ -274,6 +274,13 @@ print a message to stderr and exit with nonzero status. Show the path to the shared index file in split index mode, or empty if not in split-index mode. +--show-object-format[=(storage|input|output)]:: + Show the object format (hash algorithm) used for the repository + for storage inside the `.git` directory, input, or output. For + input, multiple algorithms may be printed, space-separated. + If not specified, the default is "storage". + + Other Options ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ diff --git a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt index bc80905a8a..a72ea7f7ba 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt @@ -76,6 +76,9 @@ them. Paths may need to be prefixed with `--` to separate them from options or the revision range, when confusion arises. +:git-shortlog: 1 +include::rev-list-options.txt[] + MAPPING AUTHORS --------------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-stash.txt b/Documentation/git-stash.txt index 8fbe12c66c..53e1a1205d 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-stash.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-stash.txt @@ -87,8 +87,9 @@ The `--patch` option implies `--keep-index`. You can use save [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]:: This option is deprecated in favour of 'git stash push'. It - differs from "stash push" in that it cannot take pathspecs, - and any non-option arguments form the message. + differs from "stash push" in that it cannot take pathspecs. + Instead, all non-option arguments are concatenated to form the stash + message. list [<options>]:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt index 2e5599a67f..f6d9791780 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ OPTIONS --sign:: Make a GPG-signed tag, using the default e-mail address's key. The default behavior of tag GPG-signing is controlled by `tag.gpgSign` - configuration variable if it exists, or disabled oder otherwise. + configuration variable if it exists, or disabled otherwise. See linkgit:git-config[1]. --no-sign:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt index 1c4d146a41..c7a6271daf 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt @@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [--chmod=(+|-)x] [--[no-]assume-unchanged] [--[no-]skip-worktree] + [--[no-]ignore-skip-worktree-entries] [--[no-]fsmonitor-valid] [--ignore-submodules] [--[no-]split-index] @@ -113,6 +114,11 @@ you will need to handle the situation manually. set and unset the "skip-worktree" bit for the paths. See section "Skip-worktree bit" below for more information. + +--[no-]ignore-skip-worktree-entries:: + Do not remove skip-worktree (AKA "index-only") entries even when + the `--remove` option was specified. + --[no-]fsmonitor-valid:: When one of these flags is specified, the object name recorded for the paths are not updated. Instead, these options @@ -426,7 +432,7 @@ specified by the splitIndex.sharedIndexExpire config variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]). To avoid deleting a shared index file that is still used, its -modification time is updated to the current time everytime a new split +modification time is updated to the current time every time a new split index based on the shared index file is either created or read from. UNTRACKED CACHE diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt index 9b82564d1a..1b678e22db 100644 --- a/Documentation/git.txt +++ b/Documentation/git.txt @@ -271,8 +271,8 @@ In general, the interrogate commands do not touch the files in the working tree. -Synching repositories -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +Syncing repositories +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ include::cmds-synchingrepositories.txt[] diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt index c5a528c667..508fe713c4 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt @@ -293,10 +293,10 @@ web front ends do not visualize the contents of these files by default. In these cases you can tell Git the encoding of a file in the working directory with the `working-tree-encoding` attribute. If a file with this -attribute is added to Git, then Git reencodes the content from the +attribute is added to Git, then Git re-encodes the content from the specified encoding to UTF-8. Finally, Git stores the UTF-8 encoded content in its internal data structure (called "the index"). On checkout -the content is reencoded back to the specified encoding. +the content is re-encoded back to the specified encoding. Please note that using the `working-tree-encoding` attribute may have a number of pitfalls: @@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ command. This is achieved by using the long-running process protocol When Git encounters the first file that needs to be cleaned or smudged, it starts the filter and performs the handshake. In the handshake, the welcome message sent by Git is "git-filter-client", only version 2 is -suppported, and the supported capabilities are "clean", "smudge", and +supported, and the supported capabilities are "clean", "smudge", and "delay". Afterwards Git sends a list of "key=value" pairs terminated with @@ -812,6 +812,8 @@ patterns are available: - `dts` suitable for devicetree (DTS) files. +- `elixir` suitable for source code in the Elixir language. + - `fortran` suitable for source code in the Fortran language. - `fountain` suitable for Fountain documents. diff --git a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt index f2a65ba0ca..953c3876f0 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ submodule.<name>.ignore:: Committed differences and modifications to tracked files will show up. - none;; No modifiations to submodules are ignored, all of committed + none;; No modifications to submodules are ignored, all of committed differences, and modifications to tracked and untracked files are shown. This is the default option. diff --git a/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt b/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt index a5c3c04371..f48a031dc3 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt @@ -509,6 +509,11 @@ set by Git if the remote helper has the 'option' capability. Indicate that only the objects wanted need to be fetched, not their dependents. +'option atomic' {'true'|'false'}:: + When pushing, request the remote server to update refs in a single atomic + transaction. If successful, all refs will be updated, or none will. If the + remote side does not support this capability, the push will fail. + SEE ALSO -------- linkgit:git-remote[1] diff --git a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt index d6388f10bb..1a2ef4c150 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt @@ -96,9 +96,9 @@ refs:: directory. The 'git prune' command knows to preserve objects reachable from refs found in this directory and its subdirectories. - This directory is ignored (except refs/bisect and - refs/worktree) if $GIT_COMMON_DIR is set and - "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/refs" will be used instead. + This directory is ignored (except refs/bisect, + refs/rewritten and refs/worktree) if $GIT_COMMON_DIR is + set and "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/refs" will be used instead. refs/heads/`name`:: records tip-of-the-tree commit objects of branch `name` @@ -240,8 +240,8 @@ remotes:: logs:: Records of changes made to refs are stored in this directory. See linkgit:git-update-ref[1] for more information. This - directory is ignored if $GIT_COMMON_DIR is set and - "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/logs" will be used instead. + directory is ignored (except logs/HEAD) if $GIT_COMMON_DIR is + set and "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/logs" will be used instead. logs/refs/heads/`name`:: Records all changes made to the branch tip named `name`. diff --git a/Documentation/gitsubmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitsubmodules.txt index 0a890205b8..c476f891b5 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitsubmodules.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitsubmodules.txt @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gitsubmodules(7) NAME ---- -gitsubmodules - mounting one repository inside another +gitsubmodules - Mounting one repository inside another SYNOPSIS -------- diff --git a/Documentation/howto/separating-topic-branches.txt b/Documentation/howto/separating-topic-branches.txt index bd1027433b..81be0d6115 100644 --- a/Documentation/howto/separating-topic-branches.txt +++ b/Documentation/howto/separating-topic-branches.txt @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ After I am done, I'd try a pretend-merge between "topicA" and o---o---o---o---o---o The last diff better not to show anything other than cleanups -for crufts. Then I can finally clean things up: +for cruft. Then I can finally clean things up: $ git branch -D topic $ git reset --hard HEAD^ ;# nuke pretend merge diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-bold-literal.xsl b/Documentation/manpage-bold-literal.xsl index 608eb5df62..94d6c1b545 100644 --- a/Documentation/manpage-bold-literal.xsl +++ b/Documentation/manpage-bold-literal.xsl @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ <!-- manpage-bold-literal.xsl: special formatting for manpages rendered from asciidoc+docbook --> <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" + xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="1.0"> <!-- render literal text as bold (instead of plain or monospace); this makes literal text easier to distinguish in manpages viewed on a tty --> -<xsl:template match="literal"> +<xsl:template match="literal|d:literal"> <xsl:value-of select="$git.docbook.backslash"/> <xsl:text>fB</xsl:text> <xsl:apply-templates/> diff --git a/Documentation/merge-options.txt b/Documentation/merge-options.txt index 59b8ff1e51..40dc4f5e8c 100644 --- a/Documentation/merge-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/merge-options.txt @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ set to `no` at the beginning of them. --cleanup=<mode>:: This option determines how the merge message will be cleaned up before - commiting. See linkgit:git-commit[1] for more details. In addition, if + committing. See linkgit:git-commit[1] for more details. In addition, if the '<mode>' is given a value of `scissors`, scissors will be appended to `MERGE_MSG` before being passed on to the commit machinery in the case of a merge conflict. diff --git a/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt b/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt index aa66cbe41e..2912de706b 100644 --- a/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt +++ b/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ The 'recursive' strategy can take the following options: ours;; This option forces conflicting hunks to be auto-resolved cleanly by favoring 'our' version. Changes from the other tree that do not - conflict with our side are reflected to the merge result. + conflict with our side are reflected in the merge result. For a binary file, the entire contents are taken from our side. + This should not be confused with the 'ours' merge strategy, which does not diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt index b87e2e83e6..31c6e8d2b8 100644 --- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt +++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt @@ -163,6 +163,9 @@ The placeholders are: '%ae':: author email '%aE':: author email (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) +'%al':: author email local-part (the part before the '@' sign) +'%aL':: author local-part (see '%al') respecting .mailmap, see + linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) '%ad':: author date (format respects --date= option) '%aD':: author date, RFC2822 style '%ar':: author date, relative @@ -175,6 +178,9 @@ The placeholders are: '%ce':: committer email '%cE':: committer email (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) +'%cl':: author email local-part (the part before the '@' sign) +'%cL':: author local-part (see '%cl') respecting .mailmap, see + linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) '%cd':: committer date (format respects --date= option) '%cD':: committer date, RFC2822 style '%cr':: committer date, relative diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt index e44fc8f738..6893a4a7ba 100644 --- a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ message by 4 spaces (i.e. 'medium', which is the default, 'full', and 'fuller'). ifndef::git-rev-list[] ---notes[=<treeish>]:: +--notes[=<ref>]:: Show the notes (see linkgit:git-notes[1]) that annotate the commit, when showing the commit log message. This is the default for `git log`, `git show` and `git whatchanged` commands when @@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ By default, the notes shown are from the notes refs listed in the `core.notesRef` and `notes.displayRef` variables (or corresponding environment overrides). See linkgit:git-config[1] for more details. + -With an optional '<treeish>' argument, use the treeish to find the notes -to display. The treeish can specify the full refname when it begins +With an optional '<ref>' argument, use the ref to find the notes +to display. The ref can specify the full refname when it begins with `refs/notes/`; when it begins with `notes/`, `refs/` and otherwise `refs/notes/` is prefixed to form a full name of the ref. + @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ being displayed. Examples: "--notes=foo" will show only notes from "--notes --notes=foo --no-notes --notes=bar" will only show notes from "refs/notes/bar". ---show-notes[=<treeish>]:: +--show-notes[=<ref>]:: --[no-]standard-notes:: These options are deprecated. Use the above --notes/--no-notes options instead. diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt index 90ff9e2bea..f63ced607c 100644 --- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ endif::git-rev-list[] `--all-match`). ifndef::git-rev-list[] + -When `--show-notes` is in effect, the message from the notes is +When `--notes` is in effect, the message from the notes is matched as if it were part of the log message. endif::git-rev-list[] @@ -579,6 +579,7 @@ above) if (1) they are referenced by tags, or (2) they change the contents of the paths given on the command line. All other commits are marked as TREESAME (subject to be simplified away). +ifndef::git-shortlog[] ifdef::git-rev-list[] Bisection Helpers ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -634,8 +635,9 @@ This option can be used along with `--bisect-vars`, in this case, after all the sorted commit objects, there will be the same text as if `--bisect-vars` had been used alone. endif::git-rev-list[] +endif::git-shortlog[] - +ifndef::git-shortlog[] Commit Ordering ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -677,7 +679,9 @@ together. Output the commits chosen to be shown (see Commit Limiting section above) in reverse order. Cannot be combined with `--walk-reflogs`. +endif::git-shortlog[] +ifndef::git-shortlog[] Object Traversal ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -817,7 +821,9 @@ endif::git-rev-list[] --do-walk:: Overrides a previous `--no-walk`. +endif::git-shortlog[] +ifndef::git-shortlog[] Commit Formatting ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -973,7 +979,9 @@ ifdef::git-rev-list[] counts and print the count for equivalent commits separated by a tab. endif::git-rev-list[] +endif::git-shortlog[] +ifndef::git-shortlog[] ifndef::git-rev-list[] Diff Formatting ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -1016,3 +1024,4 @@ options may be given. See linkgit:git-diff-files[1] for more options. -t:: Show the tree objects in the diff output. This implies `-r`. endif::git-rev-list[] +endif::git-shortlog[] diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 7d20716c32..0000000000 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,319 +0,0 @@ -config API -========== - -The config API gives callers a way to access Git configuration files -(and files which have the same syntax). See linkgit:git-config[1] for a -discussion of the config file syntax. - -General Usage -------------- - -Config files are parsed linearly, and each variable found is passed to a -caller-provided callback function. The callback function is responsible -for any actions to be taken on the config option, and is free to ignore -some options. It is not uncommon for the configuration to be parsed -several times during the run of a Git program, with different callbacks -picking out different variables useful to themselves. - -A config callback function takes three parameters: - -- the name of the parsed variable. This is in canonical "flat" form: the - section, subsection, and variable segments will be separated by dots, - and the section and variable segments will be all lowercase. E.g., - `core.ignorecase`, `diff.SomeType.textconv`. - -- the value of the found variable, as a string. If the variable had no - value specified, the value will be NULL (typically this means it - should be interpreted as boolean true). - -- a void pointer passed in by the caller of the config API; this can - contain callback-specific data - -A config callback should return 0 for success, or -1 if the variable -could not be parsed properly. - -Basic Config Querying ---------------------- - -Most programs will simply want to look up variables in all config files -that Git knows about, using the normal precedence rules. To do this, -call `git_config` with a callback function and void data pointer. - -`git_config` will read all config sources in order of increasing -priority. Thus a callback should typically overwrite previously-seen -entries with new ones (e.g., if both the user-wide `~/.gitconfig` and -repo-specific `.git/config` contain `color.ui`, the config machinery -will first feed the user-wide one to the callback, and then the -repo-specific one; by overwriting, the higher-priority repo-specific -value is left at the end). - -The `config_with_options` function lets the caller examine config -while adjusting some of the default behavior of `git_config`. It should -almost never be used by "regular" Git code that is looking up -configuration variables. It is intended for advanced callers like -`git-config`, which are intentionally tweaking the normal config-lookup -process. It takes two extra parameters: - -`config_source`:: -If this parameter is non-NULL, it specifies the source to parse for -configuration, rather than looking in the usual files. See `struct -git_config_source` in `config.h` for details. Regular `git_config` defaults -to `NULL`. - -`opts`:: -Specify options to adjust the behavior of parsing config files. See `struct -config_options` in `config.h` for details. As an example: regular `git_config` -sets `opts.respect_includes` to `1` by default. - -Reading Specific Files ----------------------- - -To read a specific file in git-config format, use -`git_config_from_file`. This takes the same callback and data parameters -as `git_config`. - -Querying For Specific Variables -------------------------------- - -For programs wanting to query for specific variables in a non-callback -manner, the config API provides two functions `git_config_get_value` -and `git_config_get_value_multi`. They both read values from an internal -cache generated previously from reading the config files. - -`int git_config_get_value(const char *key, const char **value)`:: - - Finds the highest-priority value for the configuration variable `key`, - stores the pointer to it in `value` and returns 0. When the - configuration variable `key` is not found, returns 1 without touching - `value`. The caller should not free or modify `value`, as it is owned - by the cache. - -`const struct string_list *git_config_get_value_multi(const char *key)`:: - - Finds and returns the value list, sorted in order of increasing priority - for the configuration variable `key`. When the configuration variable - `key` is not found, returns NULL. The caller should not free or modify - the returned pointer, as it is owned by the cache. - -`void git_config_clear(void)`:: - - Resets and invalidates the config cache. - -The config API also provides type specific API functions which do conversion -as well as retrieval for the queried variable, including: - -`int git_config_get_int(const char *key, int *dest)`:: - - Finds and parses the value to an integer for the configuration variable - `key`. Dies on error; otherwise, stores the value of the parsed integer in - `dest` and returns 0. When the configuration variable `key` is not found, - returns 1 without touching `dest`. - -`int git_config_get_ulong(const char *key, unsigned long *dest)`:: - - Similar to `git_config_get_int` but for unsigned longs. - -`int git_config_get_bool(const char *key, int *dest)`:: - - Finds and parses the value into a boolean value, for the configuration - variable `key` respecting keywords like "true" and "false". Integer - values are converted into true/false values (when they are non-zero or - zero, respectively). Other values cause a die(). If parsing is successful, - stores the value of the parsed result in `dest` and returns 0. When the - configuration variable `key` is not found, returns 1 without touching - `dest`. - -`int git_config_get_bool_or_int(const char *key, int *is_bool, int *dest)`:: - - Similar to `git_config_get_bool`, except that integers are copied as-is, - and `is_bool` flag is unset. - -`int git_config_get_maybe_bool(const char *key, int *dest)`:: - - Similar to `git_config_get_bool`, except that it returns -1 on error - rather than dying. - -`int git_config_get_string_const(const char *key, const char **dest)`:: - - Allocates and copies the retrieved string into the `dest` parameter for - the configuration variable `key`; if NULL string is given, prints an - error message and returns -1. When the configuration variable `key` is - not found, returns 1 without touching `dest`. - -`int git_config_get_string(const char *key, char **dest)`:: - - Similar to `git_config_get_string_const`, except that retrieved value - copied into the `dest` parameter is a mutable string. - -`int git_config_get_pathname(const char *key, const char **dest)`:: - - Similar to `git_config_get_string`, but expands `~` or `~user` into - the user's home directory when found at the beginning of the path. - -`git_die_config(const char *key, const char *err, ...)`:: - - First prints the error message specified by the caller in `err` and then - dies printing the line number and the file name of the highest priority - value for the configuration variable `key`. - -`void git_die_config_linenr(const char *key, const char *filename, int linenr)`:: - - Helper function which formats the die error message according to the - parameters entered. Used by `git_die_config()`. It can be used by callers - handling `git_config_get_value_multi()` to print the correct error message - for the desired value. - -See test-config.c for usage examples. - -Value Parsing Helpers ---------------------- - -To aid in parsing string values, the config API provides callbacks with -a number of helper functions, including: - -`git_config_int`:: -Parse the string to an integer, including unit factors. Dies on error; -otherwise, returns the parsed result. - -`git_config_ulong`:: -Identical to `git_config_int`, but for unsigned longs. - -`git_config_bool`:: -Parse a string into a boolean value, respecting keywords like "true" and -"false". Integer values are converted into true/false values (when they -are non-zero or zero, respectively). Other values cause a die(). If -parsing is successful, the return value is the result. - -`git_config_bool_or_int`:: -Same as `git_config_bool`, except that integers are returned as-is, and -an `is_bool` flag is unset. - -`git_parse_maybe_bool`:: -Same as `git_config_bool`, except that it returns -1 on error rather -than dying. - -`git_config_string`:: -Allocates and copies the value string into the `dest` parameter; if no -string is given, prints an error message and returns -1. - -`git_config_pathname`:: -Similar to `git_config_string`, but expands `~` or `~user` into the -user's home directory when found at the beginning of the path. - -Include Directives ------------------- - -By default, the config parser does not respect include directives. -However, a caller can use the special `git_config_include` wrapper -callback to support them. To do so, you simply wrap your "real" callback -function and data pointer in a `struct config_include_data`, and pass -the wrapper to the regular config-reading functions. For example: - -------------------------------------------- -int read_file_with_include(const char *file, config_fn_t fn, void *data) -{ - struct config_include_data inc = CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT; - inc.fn = fn; - inc.data = data; - return git_config_from_file(git_config_include, file, &inc); -} -------------------------------------------- - -`git_config` respects includes automatically. The lower-level -`git_config_from_file` does not. - -Custom Configsets ------------------ - -A `config_set` can be used to construct an in-memory cache for -config-like files that the caller specifies (i.e., files like `.gitmodules`, -`~/.gitconfig` etc.). For example, - ----------------------------------------- -struct config_set gm_config; -git_configset_init(&gm_config); -int b; -/* we add config files to the config_set */ -git_configset_add_file(&gm_config, ".gitmodules"); -git_configset_add_file(&gm_config, ".gitmodules_alt"); - -if (!git_configset_get_bool(gm_config, "submodule.frotz.ignore", &b)) { - /* hack hack hack */ -} - -/* when we are done with the configset */ -git_configset_clear(&gm_config); ----------------------------------------- - -Configset API provides functions for the above mentioned work flow, including: - -`void git_configset_init(struct config_set *cs)`:: - - Initializes the config_set `cs`. - -`int git_configset_add_file(struct config_set *cs, const char *filename)`:: - - Parses the file and adds the variable-value pairs to the `config_set`, - dies if there is an error in parsing the file. Returns 0 on success, or - -1 if the file does not exist or is inaccessible. The user has to decide - if he wants to free the incomplete configset or continue using it when - the function returns -1. - -`int git_configset_get_value(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, const char **value)`:: - - Finds the highest-priority value for the configuration variable `key` - and config set `cs`, stores the pointer to it in `value` and returns 0. - When the configuration variable `key` is not found, returns 1 without - touching `value`. The caller should not free or modify `value`, as it - is owned by the cache. - -`const struct string_list *git_configset_get_value_multi(struct config_set *cs, const char *key)`:: - - Finds and returns the value list, sorted in order of increasing priority - for the configuration variable `key` and config set `cs`. When the - configuration variable `key` is not found, returns NULL. The caller - should not free or modify the returned pointer, as it is owned by the cache. - -`void git_configset_clear(struct config_set *cs)`:: - - Clears `config_set` structure, removes all saved variable-value pairs. - -In addition to above functions, the `config_set` API provides type specific -functions in the vein of `git_config_get_int` and family but with an extra -parameter, pointer to struct `config_set`. -They all behave similarly to the `git_config_get*()` family described in -"Querying For Specific Variables" above. - -Writing Config Files --------------------- - -Git gives multiple entry points in the Config API to write config values to -files namely `git_config_set_in_file` and `git_config_set`, which write to -a specific config file or to `.git/config` respectively. They both take a -key/value pair as parameter. -In the end they both call `git_config_set_multivar_in_file` which takes four -parameters: - -- the name of the file, as a string, to which key/value pairs will be written. - -- the name of key, as a string. This is in canonical "flat" form: the section, - subsection, and variable segments will be separated by dots, and the section - and variable segments will be all lowercase. - E.g., `core.ignorecase`, `diff.SomeType.textconv`. - -- the value of the variable, as a string. If value is equal to NULL, it will - remove the matching key from the config file. - -- the value regex, as a string. It will disregard key/value pairs where value - does not match. - -- a multi_replace value, as an int. If value is equal to zero, nothing or only - one matching key/value is replaced, else all matching key/values (regardless - how many) are removed, before the new pair is written. - -It returns 0 on success. - -Also, there are functions `git_config_rename_section` and -`git_config_rename_section_in_file` with parameters `old_name` and `new_name` -for renaming or removing sections in the config files. If NULL is passed -through `new_name` parameter, the section will be removed from the config file. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-grep.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-grep.txt deleted file mode 100644 index a69cc8964d..0000000000 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-grep.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,8 +0,0 @@ -grep API -======== - -Talk about <grep.h>, things like: - -* grep_buffer() - -(JC) diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-object-access.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-object-access.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 5b29622d00..0000000000 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-object-access.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,15 +0,0 @@ -object access API -================= - -Talk about <sha1-file.c> and <object.h> family, things like - -* read_sha1_file() -* read_object_with_reference() -* has_sha1_file() -* write_sha1_file() -* pretend_object_file() -* lookup_{object,commit,tag,blob,tree} -* parse_{object,commit,tag,blob,tree} -* Use of object flags - -(JC, Shawn, Daniel, Dscho, Linus) diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-quote.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-quote.txt deleted file mode 100644 index e8a1bce94e..0000000000 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-quote.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,10 +0,0 @@ -quote API -========= - -Talk about <quote.h>, things like - -* sq_quote and unquote -* c_style quote and unquote -* quoting for foreign languages - -(JC) diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt index fb06089393..c409559b86 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ Functions Whenever a submodule configuration is parsed in `parse_submodule_config_option` via e.g. `gitmodules_config()`, it will overwrite the null_sha1 entry. -So in the normal case, when HEAD:.gitmodules is parsed first and then overlayed +So in the normal case, when HEAD:.gitmodules is parsed first and then overlaid with the repository configuration, the null_sha1 entry contains the local configuration of a submodule (e.g. consolidated values from local git configuration and the .gitmodules file in the worktree). diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-trace2.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-trace2.txt index a045dbe422..17490b528c 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-trace2.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-trace2.txt @@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ describe the simplified forms. == Public API -All Trace2 API functions send a messsage to all of the active +All Trace2 API functions send a message to all of the active Trace2 Targets. This section describes the set of available messages. @@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ of `pthread_create()`. and the thread elapsed time. + This function must be called by the thread-proc before it returns -(so that the coorect TLS data is used and cleaned up. It should +(so that the correct TLS data is used and cleaned up). It should not be called by the caller of `pthread_join()`. === Region and Data Messages @@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ The `label` field is an arbitrary label used to describe the activity being started, such as "read_recursive" or "do_read_index". + The `repo` field, if set, will be used to get the "repo-id", so that -recursive oerations can be attributed to the correct repository. +recursive operations can be attributed to the correct repository. `void trace2_region_leave(const char *category, const char *label, const struct repository *repo)`:: @@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ This function pops the region nesting stack on the current thread and reports the elapsed time of the stack frame. + The `category`, `label`, and `repo` fields are the same as above. -The `category` and `label` do not need to match the correpsonding +The `category` and `label` do not need to match the corresponding "region_enter" message, but it makes the data stream easier to understand. @@ -816,7 +816,7 @@ with "?". Note that the session-id of the child process is not available to the current/spawning process, so the child's PID is reported here as a hint for post-processing. (But it is only a hint because the child -proces may be a shell script which doesn't have a session-id.) +process may be a shell script which doesn't have a session-id.) + Note that the `t_rel` field contains the observed run time in seconds for the child process (starting before the fork/exec/spawn and @@ -1176,7 +1176,7 @@ d0 | main | atexit | | 0.028809 | | + Regions may be nested. This causes messages to be indented in the PERF target, for example. -Elapsed times are relative to the start of the correpsonding nesting +Elapsed times are relative to the start of the corresponding nesting level as expected. For example, if we add region message to: + ---------------- @@ -1371,7 +1371,7 @@ d0 | main | atexit | | 0.030027 | | In this example, the preload region took 0.009122 seconds. The 7 threads took between 0.006069 and 0.008947 seconds to work on their portion of the index. Thread "th01" worked on 508 items at offset 0. Thread "th02" -worked on 508 items at offset 2032. Thread "th04" worked on 508 itemts +worked on 508 items at offset 2032. Thread "th04" worked on 508 items at offset 508. + This example also shows that thread names are assigned in a racy manner diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-xdiff-interface.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-xdiff-interface.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 6296ecad1d..0000000000 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-xdiff-interface.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,7 +0,0 @@ -xdiff interface API -=================== - -Talk about our calling convention to xdiff library, including -xdiff_emit_consume_fn. - -(Dscho, JC) diff --git a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph.txt b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph.txt index 729fbcb32f..1507117dc2 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph.txt @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ as "commit-graph" either in the .git/objects/info directory or in the info directory of an alternate. The commit-graph file stores the commit graph structure along with some -extra metadata to speed up graph walks. By listing commit OIDs in lexi- -cographic order, we can identify an integer position for each commit and -refer to the parents of a commit using those integer positions. We use -binary search to find initial commits and then use the integer positions -for fast lookups during the walk. +extra metadata to speed up graph walks. By listing commit OIDs in +lexicographic order, we can identify an integer position for each commit +and refer to the parents of a commit using those integer positions. We +use binary search to find initial commits and then use the integer +positions for fast lookups during the walk. A consumer may load the following info for a commit from the graph: @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ have generation number represented by the macro GENERATION_NUMBER_ZERO = 0. Since the commit-graph file is closed under reachability, we can guarantee the following weaker condition on all commits: - If A and B are commits with generation numbers N amd M, respectively, + If A and B are commits with generation numbers N and M, respectively, and N < M, then A cannot reach B. Note how the strict inequality differs from the inequality when we have diff --git a/Documentation/technical/hash-function-transition.txt b/Documentation/technical/hash-function-transition.txt index 2ae8fa470a..8a4596bec1 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/hash-function-transition.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/hash-function-transition.txt @@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ Until Git protocol gains SHA-256 support, using SHA-256 based storage on public-facing Git servers is strongly discouraged. Once Git protocol gains SHA-256 support, SHA-256 based servers are likely not to support SHA-1 compatibility, to avoid what may be a very expensive -hash reencode during clone and to encourage peers to modernize. +hash re-encode during clone and to encourage peers to modernize. The design described here allows fetches by SHA-1 clients of a personal SHA-256 repository because it's not much more difficult than @@ -602,7 +602,7 @@ git --output-format=sha1 log abac87a^{sha1}..f787cac^{sha256} Choice of Hash -------------- -In early 2005, around the time that Git was written, Xiaoyun Wang, +In early 2005, around the time that Git was written, Xiaoyun Wang, Yiqun Lisa Yin, and Hongbo Yu announced an attack finding SHA-1 collisions in 2^69 operations. In August they published details. Luckily, no practical demonstrations of a collision in full SHA-1 were diff --git a/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt index 7c4d67aa6a..faa25c5c52 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt @@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ The remaining data of each directory block is grouped by type: == End of Index Entry The End of Index Entry (EOIE) is used to locate the end of the variable - length index entries and the begining of the extensions. Code can take + length index entries and the beginning of the extensions. Code can take advantage of this to quickly locate the index extensions without having to parse through all of the index entries. @@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ The remaining data of each directory block is grouped by type: - A number of index offset entries each consisting of: - - 32-bit offset from the begining of the file to the first cache entry + - 32-bit offset from the beginning of the file to the first cache entry in this block of entries. - 32-bit count of cache entries in this block diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt index c73e72de0e..d5ce4eea8a 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt @@ -644,7 +644,7 @@ update was successful, or 'ng [refname] [error]' if the update was not. command-ok = PKT-LINE("ok" SP refname) command-fail = PKT-LINE("ng" SP refname SP error-msg) - error-msg = 1*(OCTECT) ; where not "ok" + error-msg = 1*(OCTET) ; where not "ok" ---- Updates can be unsuccessful for a number of reasons. The reference can have diff --git a/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt b/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt index 210373e258..a6034d5610 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ if/when needed. A remote that can later provide the missing objects is called a promisor remote, as it promises to send the objects when -requested. Initialy Git supported only one promisor remote, the origin +requested. Initially Git supported only one promisor remote, the origin remote from which the user cloned and that was configured in the "extensions.partialClone" config option. Later support for more than one promisor remote has been implemented. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt index 40f91f6b1e..7e3766cafb 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt @@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ A `fetch` request can take the following arguments: ofs-delta Indicate that the client understands PACKv2 with delta referring to its base by position in pack rather than by an oid. That is, - they can read OBJ_OFS_DELTA (ake type 6) in a packfile. + they can read OBJ_OFS_DELTA (aka type 6) in a packfile. If the 'shallow' feature is advertised the following arguments can be included in the clients request as well as the potential addition of the diff --git a/Documentation/technical/rerere.txt b/Documentation/technical/rerere.txt index aa22d7ace8..af5f9fc24f 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/rerere.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/rerere.txt @@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ early A became C or B, a late X became Y or Z". We can see there are 4 combinations of ("B or C", "C or B") x ("X or Y", "Y or X"). By sorting, the conflict is given its canonical name, namely, "an -early part became B or C, a late part becames X or Y", and whenever +early part became B or C, a late part became X or Y", and whenever any of these four patterns appear, and we can get to the same conflict and resolution that we saw earlier. |