diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
42 files changed, 1118 insertions, 166 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5075bad51f --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.19.0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,423 @@ +Git 2.19 Release Notes +====================== + +Updates since v2.18 +------------------- + +UI, Workflows & Features + + * "git diff" compares the index and the working tree. For paths + added with intent-to-add bit, the command shows the full contents + of them as added, but the paths themselves were not marked as new + files. They are now shown as new by default. + + "git apply" learned the "--intent-to-add" option so that an + otherwise working-tree-only application of a patch will add new + paths to the index marked with the "intent-to-add" bit. + + * "git grep" learned the "--column" option that gives not just the + line number but the column number of the hit. + + * The "-l" option in "git branch -l" is an unfortunate short-hand for + "--create-reflog", but many users, both old and new, somehow expect + it to be something else, perhaps "--list". This step warns when "-l" + is used as a short-hand for "--create-reflog" and warns about the + future repurposing of the it when it is used. + + * The userdiff pattern for .php has been updated. + + * The content-transfer-encoding of the message "git send-email" sends + out by default was 8bit, which can cause trouble when there is an + overlong line to bust RFC 5322/2822 limit. A new option 'auto' to + automatically switch to quoted-printable when there is such a line + in the payload has been introduced and is made the default. + + * "git checkout" and "git worktree add" learned to honor + checkout.defaultRemote when auto-vivifying a local branch out of a + remote tracking branch in a repository with multiple remotes that + have tracking branches that share the same names. + (merge 8d7b558bae ab/checkout-default-remote later to maint). + + * "git grep" learned the "--only-matching" option. + + * "git rebase --rebase-merges" mode now handles octopus merges as + well. + + * Add a server-side knob to skip commits in exponential/fibbonacci + stride in an attempt to cover wider swath of history with a smaller + number of iterations, potentially accepting a larger packfile + transfer, instead of going back one commit a time during common + ancestor discovery during the "git fetch" transaction. + (merge 42cc7485a2 jt/fetch-negotiator-skipping later to maint). + + * A new configuration variable core.usereplacerefs has been added, + primarily to help server installations that want to ignore the + replace mechanism altogether. + + * Teach "git tag -s" etc. a few configuration variables (gpg.format + that can be set to "openpgp" or "x509", and gpg.<format>.program + that is used to specify what program to use to deal with the format) + to allow x.509 certs with CMS via "gpgsm" to be used instead of + openpgp via "gnupg". + + * Many more strings are prepared for l10n. + + * "git p4 submit" learns to ask its own pre-submit hook if it should + continue with submitting. + + +Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. + + * The bulk of "git submodule foreach" has been rewritten in C. + + * The in-core "commit" object had an all-purpose "void *util" field, + which was tricky to use especially in library-ish part of the + code. All of the existing uses of the field has been migrated to a + more dedicated "commit-slab" mechanism and the field is eliminated. + + * A less often used command "git show-index" has been modernized. + (merge fb3010c31f jk/show-index later to maint). + + * The conversion to pass "the_repository" and then "a_repository" + throughout the object access API continues. + + * Continuing with the idea to programatically enumerate various + pieces of data required for command line completion, teach the + codebase to report the list of configuration variables + subcommands care about to help complete them. + + * Separate "rebase -p" codepath out of "rebase -i" implementation to + slim down the latter and make it easier to manage. + + * Make refspec parsing codepath more robust. + + * Some flaky tests have been fixed. + + * Continuing with the idea to programmatically enumerate various + pieces of data required for command line completion, the codebase + has been taught to enumerate options prefixed with "--no-" to + negate them. + + * Build and test procedure for netrc credential helper (in contrib/) + has been updated. + + * The conversion to pass "the_repository" and then "a_repository" + throughout the object access API continues. + + * Remove unused function definitions and declarations from ewah + bitmap subsystem. + + * Code preparation to make "git p4" closer to be usable with Python 3. + + * Tighten the API to make it harder to misuse in-tree .gitmodules + file, even though it shares the same syntax with configuration + files, to read random configuration items from it. + + * "git fast-import" has been updated to avoid attempting to create + delta against a zero-byte-long string, which is pointless. + + * The codebase has been updated to compile cleanly with -pedantic + option. + (merge 2b647a05d7 bb/pedantic later to maint). + + * The character display width table has been updated to match the + latest Unicode standard. + (merge 570951eea2 bb/unicode-11-width later to maint). + + * test-lint now looks for broken use of "VAR=VAL shell_func" in test + scripts. + + * Conversion from uchar[40] to struct object_id continues. + + * Recent "security fix" to pay attention to contents of ".gitmodules" + while accepting "git push" was a bit overly strict than necessary, + which has been adjusted. + + * "git fsck" learns to make sure the optional commit-graph file is in + a sane state. + + * "git diff --color-moved" feature has further been tweaked. + + * Code restructuring and a small fix to transport protocol v2 during + fetching. + + * Parsing of -L[<N>][,[<M>]] parameters "git blame" and "git log" + take has been tweaked. + + * lookup_commit_reference() and friends have been updated to find + in-core object for a specific in-core repository instance. + + * Various glitches in the heuristics of merge-recursive strategy have + been documented in new tests. + + * "git fetch" learned a new option "--negotiation-tip" to limit the + set of commits it tells the other end as "have", to reduce wasted + bandwidth and cycles, which would be helpful when the receiving + repository has a lot of refs that have little to do with the + history at the remote it is fetching from. + + * For a large tree, the index needs to hold many cache entries + allocated on heap. These cache entries are now allocated out of a + dedicated memory pool to amortize malloc(3) overhead. + + * Tests to cover various conflicting cases have been added for + merge-recursive. + + * Tests to cover conflict cases that involve submodules have been + added for merge-recursive. + + * Look for broken "&&" chains that are hidden in subshell, many of + which have been found and corrected. + + * The singleton commit-graph in-core instance is made per in-core + repository instance. + + * "make DEVELOPER=1 DEVOPTS=pedantic" allows developers to compile + with -pedantic option, which may catch more problematic program + constructs and potential bugs. + + * Preparatory code to later add json output for telemetry data has + been added. + + * Update the way we use Coccinelle to find out-of-style code that + need to be modernised. + + * It is too easy to misuse system API functions such as strcat(); + these selected functions are now forbidden in this codebase and + will cause a compilation failure. + + * Add a script (in contrib/) to help users of VSCode work better with + our codebase. + + * The Travis CI scripts were taught to ship back the test data from + failed tests. + (merge aea8879a6a sg/travis-retrieve-trash-upon-failure later to maint). + + +Fixes since v2.18 +----------------- + + * "git remote update" can take both a single remote nickname and a + nickname for remote groups, and the completion script (in contrib/) + has been taught about it. + (merge 9cd4382ad5 ls/complete-remote-update-names later to maint). + + * "git fetch --shallow-since=<cutoff>" that specifies the cut-off + point that is newer than the existing history used to end up + grabbing the entire history. Such a request now errors out. + (merge e34de73c56 nd/reject-empty-shallow-request later to maint). + + * Fix for 2.17-era regression around `core.safecrlf`. + (merge 6cb09125be as/safecrlf-quiet-fix later to maint). + + * The recent addition of "partial clone" experimental feature kicked + in when it shouldn't, namely, when there is no partial-clone filter + defined even if extensions.partialclone is set. + (merge cac1137dc4 jh/partial-clone later to maint). + + * "git send-pack --signed" (hence "git push --signed" over the http + transport) did not read user ident from the config mechanism to + determine whom to sign the push certificate as, which has been + corrected. + (merge d067d98887 ms/send-pack-honor-config later to maint). + + * "git fetch-pack --all" used to unnecessarily fail upon seeing an + annotated tag that points at an object other than a commit. + (merge c12c9df527 jk/fetch-all-peeled-fix later to maint). + + * When user edits the patch in "git add -p" and the user's editor is + set to strip trailing whitespaces indiscriminately, an empty line + that is unchanged in the patch would become completely empty + (instead of a line with a sole SP on it). The code introduced in + Git 2.17 timeframe failed to parse such a patch, but now it learned + to notice the situation and cope with it. + (merge f4d35a6b49 pw/add-p-recount later to maint). + + * The code to try seeing if a fetch is necessary in a submodule + during a fetch with --recurse-submodules got confused when the path + to the submodule was changed in the range of commits in the + superproject, sometimes showing "(null)". This has been corrected. + + * "git submodule" did not correctly adjust core.worktree setting that + indicates whether/where a submodule repository has its associated + working tree across various state transitions, which has been + corrected. + (merge 984cd77ddb sb/submodule-core-worktree later to maint). + + * Bugfix for "rebase -i" corner case regression. + (merge a9279c6785 pw/rebase-i-keep-reword-after-conflict later to maint). + + * Recently added "--base" option to "git format-patch" command did + not correctly generate prereq patch ids. + (merge 15b76c1fb3 xy/format-patch-prereq-patch-id-fix later to maint). + + * POSIX portability fix in Makefile to fix a glitch introduced a few + releases ago. + (merge 6600054e9b dj/runtime-prefix later to maint). + + * "git filter-branch" when used with the "--state-branch" option + still attempted to rewrite the commits whose filtered result is + known from the previous attempt (which is recorded on the state + branch); the command has been corrected not to waste cycles doing + so. + (merge 709cfe848a mb/filter-branch-optim later to maint). + + * Clarify that setting core.ignoreCase to deviate from reality would + not turn a case-incapable filesystem into a case-capable one. + (merge 48294b512a ms/core-icase-doc later to maint). + + * "fsck.skipList" did not prevent a blob object listed there from + being inspected for is contents (e.g. we recently started to + inspect the contents of ".gitmodules" for certain malicious + patterns), which has been corrected. + (merge fb16287719 rj/submodule-fsck-skip later to maint). + + * "git checkout --recurse-submodules another-branch" did not report + in which submodule it failed to update the working tree, which + resulted in an unhelpful error message. + (merge ba95d4e4bd sb/submodule-move-head-error-msg later to maint). + + * "git rebase" behaved slightly differently depending on which one of + the three backends gets used; this has been documented and an + effort to make them more uniform has begun. + (merge b00bf1c9a8 en/rebase-consistency later to maint). + + * The "--ignore-case" option of "git for-each-ref" (and its friends) + did not work correctly, which has been fixed. + (merge e674eb2528 jk/for-each-ref-icase later to maint). + + * "git fetch" failed to correctly validate the set of objects it + received when making a shallow history deeper, which has been + corrected. + (merge cf1e7c0770 jt/connectivity-check-after-unshallow later to maint). + + * Partial clone support of "git clone" has been updated to correctly + validate the objects it receives from the other side. The server + side has been corrected to send objects that are directly + requested, even if they may match the filtering criteria (e.g. when + doing a "lazy blob" partial clone). + (merge a7e67c11b8 jt/partial-clone-fsck-connectivity later to maint). + + * Handling of an empty range by "git cherry-pick" was inconsistent + depending on how the range ended up to be empty, which has been + corrected. + (merge c5e358d073 jk/empty-pick-fix later to maint). + + * "git reset --merge" (hence "git merge ---abort") and "git reset --hard" + had trouble working correctly in a sparsely checked out working + tree after a conflict, which has been corrected. + (merge b33fdfc34c mk/merge-in-sparse-checkout later to maint). + + * Correct a broken use of "VAR=VAL shell_func" in a test. + (merge 650161a277 jc/t3404-one-shot-export-fix later to maint). + + * "git rev-parse ':/substring'" did not consider the history leading + only to HEAD when looking for a commit with the given substring, + when the HEAD is detached. This has been fixed. + (merge 6b3351e799 wc/find-commit-with-pattern-on-detached-head later to maint). + + * Build doc update for Windows. + (merge ede8d89bb1 nd/command-list later to maint). + + * core.commentchar is now honored when preparing the list of commits + to replay in "rebase -i". + + * "git pull --rebase" on a corrupt HEAD caused a segfault. In + general we substitute an empty tree object when running the in-core + equivalent of the diff-index command, and the codepath has been + corrected to do so as well to fix this issue. + (merge 3506dc9445 jk/has-uncommitted-changes-fix later to maint). + + * httpd tests saw occasional breakage due to the way its access log + gets inspected by the tests, which has been updated to make them + less flaky. + (merge e8b3b2e275 sg/httpd-test-unflake later to maint). + + * Tests to cover more D/F conflict cases have been added for + merge-recursive. + + * "git gc --auto" opens file descriptors for the packfiles before + spawning "git repack/prune", which would upset Windows that does + not want a process to work on a file that is open by another + process. The issue has been worked around. + (merge 12e73a3ce4 kg/gc-auto-windows-workaround later to maint). + + * The recursive merge strategy did not properly ensure there was no + change between HEAD and the index before performing its operation, + which has been corrected. + (merge 55f39cf755 en/dirty-merge-fixes later to maint). + + * "git rebase" started exporting GIT_DIR environment variable and + exposing it to hook scripts when part of it got rewritten in C. + Instead of matching the old scripted Porcelains' behaviour, + compensate by also exporting GIT_WORK_TREE environment as well to + lessen the damage. This can harm existing hooks that want to + operate on different repository, but the current behaviour is + already broken for them anyway. + (merge ab5e67d751 bc/sequencer-export-work-tree-as-well later to maint). + + * "git send-email" when using in a batched mode that limits the + number of messages sent in a single SMTP session lost the contents + of the variable used to choose between tls/ssl, unable to send the + second and later batches, which has been fixed. + (merge 636f3d7ac5 jm/send-email-tls-auth-on-batch later to maint). + + * The lazy clone support had a few places where missing but promised + objects were not correctly tolerated, which have been fixed. + + * One of the "diff --color-moved" mode "dimmed_zebra" that was named + in an unusual way has been deprecated and replaced by + "dimmed-zebra". + (merge e3f2f5f9cd es/diff-color-moved-fix later to maint). + + * The wire-protocol v2 relies on the client to send "ref prefixes" to + limit the bandwidth spent on the initial ref advertisement. "git + clone" when learned to speak v2 forgot to do so, which has been + corrected. + (merge 402c47d939 bw/clone-ref-prefixes later to maint). + + * "git diff --histogram" had a bad memory usage pattern, which has + been rearranged to reduce the peak usage. + (merge 79cb2ebb92 sb/histogram-less-memory later to maint). + + * Code clean-up to use size_t/ssize_t when they are the right type. + (merge 7726d360b5 jk/size-t later to maint). + + * The wire-protocol v2 relies on the client to send "ref prefixes" to + limit the bandwidth spent on the initial ref advertisement. "git + fetch $remote branch:branch" that asks tags that point into the + history leading to the "branch" automatically followed sent to + narrow prefix and broke the tag following, which has been fixed. + (merge 2b554353a5 jt/tag-following-with-proto-v2-fix later to maint). + + * When the sparse checkout feature is in use, "git cherry-pick" and + other mergy operations lost the skip_worktree bit when a path that + is excluded from checkout requires content level merge, which is + resolved as the same as the HEAD version, without materializing the + merge result in the working tree, which made the path appear as + deleted. This has been corrected by preserving the skip_worktree + bit (and not materializing the file in the working tree). + (merge 2b75fb601c en/merge-recursive-skip-fix later to maint). + + * Code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc. + (merge aee9be2ebe sg/update-ref-stdin-cleanup later to maint). + (merge 037714252f jc/clean-after-sanity-tests later to maint). + (merge 5b26c3c941 en/merge-recursive-cleanup later to maint). + (merge 0dcbc0392e bw/config-refer-to-gitsubmodules-doc later to maint). + (merge bb4d000e87 bw/protocol-v2 later to maint). + (merge 928f0ab4ba vs/typofixes later to maint). + (merge d7f590be84 en/rebase-i-microfixes later to maint). + (merge 81d395cc85 js/rebase-recreate-merge later to maint). + (merge 51d1863168 tz/exclude-doc-smallfixes later to maint). + (merge a9aa3c0927 ds/commit-graph later to maint). + (merge 5cf8e06474 js/enhanced-version-info later to maint). + (merge 6aaded5509 tb/config-default later to maint). + (merge 022d2ac1f3 sb/blame-color later to maint). + (merge 5a06a20e0c bp/test-drop-caches-for-windows later to maint). + (merge dd61cc1c2e jk/ui-color-always-to-auto later to maint). + (merge 1e83b9bfdd sb/trailers-docfix later to maint). + (merge ab29f1b329 sg/fast-import-dump-refs-on-checkpoint-fix later to maint). + (merge 6a8ad880f0 jn/subtree-test-fixes later to maint). + (merge ffbd51cc60 nd/pack-objects-threading-doc later to maint). + (merge e9dac7be60 es/mw-to-git-chain-fix later to maint). + (merge fe583c6c7a rs/remote-mv-leakfix later to maint). diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches index 2488544407..b44fd51f27 100644 --- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches +++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches @@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ smaller project it is a good discipline to follow it. The sign-off is a simple line at the end of the explanation for the patch, which certifies that you wrote it or otherwise have -the right to pass it on as a open-source patch. The rules are +the right to pass it on as an open-source patch. The rules are pretty simple: if you can certify the below D-C-O: [[dco]] @@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ don't demand). +git log -p {litdd} _$area_you_are_modifying_+ would help you find out who they are. . You get comments and suggestions for improvements. You may - even get them in a "on top of your change" patch form. + even get them in an "on top of your change" patch form. . Polish, refine, and re-send to the list and the people who spend their time to improve your patch. Go back to step (2). diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt index ab641bf5a9..b568bad15d 100644 --- a/Documentation/config.txt +++ b/Documentation/config.txt @@ -344,6 +344,16 @@ advice.*:: Advice shown when you used linkgit:git-checkout[1] to move to the detach HEAD state, to instruct how to create a local branch after the fact. + checkoutAmbiguousRemoteBranchName:: + Advice shown when the argument to + linkgit:git-checkout[1] ambiguously resolves to a + remote tracking branch on more than one remote in + situations where an unambiguous argument would have + otherwise caused a remote-tracking branch to be + checked out. See the `checkout.defaultRemote` + configuration variable for how to set a given remote + to used by default in some situations where this + advice would be printed. amWorkDir:: Advice that shows the location of the patch file when linkgit:git-am[1] fails to apply it. @@ -354,7 +364,7 @@ advice.*:: Advice on what to do when you've accidentally added one git repo inside of another. ignoredHook:: - Advice shown if an hook is ignored because the hook is not + Advice shown if a hook is ignored because the hook is not set as executable. waitingForEditor:: Print a message to the terminal whenever Git is waiting for @@ -390,16 +400,19 @@ core.hideDotFiles:: default mode is 'dotGitOnly'. core.ignoreCase:: - If true, this option enables various workarounds to enable + Internal variable which enables various workarounds to enable Git to work better on filesystems that are not case sensitive, - like FAT. For example, if a directory listing finds - "makefile" when Git expects "Makefile", Git will assume + like APFS, HFS+, FAT, NTFS, etc. For example, if a directory listing + finds "makefile" when Git expects "Makefile", Git will assume it is really the same file, and continue to remember it as "Makefile". + The default is false, except linkgit:git-clone[1] or linkgit:git-init[1] will probe and set core.ignoreCase true if appropriate when the repository is created. ++ +Git relies on the proper configuration of this variable for your operating +and file system. Modifying this value may result in unexpected behavior. core.precomposeUnicode:: This option is only used by Mac OS implementation of Git. @@ -904,9 +917,17 @@ core.notesRef:: This setting defaults to "refs/notes/commits", and it can be overridden by the `GIT_NOTES_REF` environment variable. See linkgit:git-notes[1]. -core.commitGraph:: - Enable git commit graph feature. Allows reading from the - commit-graph file. +gc.commitGraph:: + If true, then gc will rewrite the commit-graph file when + linkgit:git-gc[1] is run. When using linkgit:git-gc[1] + '--auto' the commit-graph will be updated if housekeeping is + required. Default is false. See linkgit:git-commit-graph[1] + for details. + +core.useReplaceRefs:: + If set to `false`, behave as if the `--no-replace-objects` + option was given on the command line. See linkgit:git[1] and + linkgit:git-replace[1] for more information. core.sparseCheckout:: Enable "sparse checkout" feature. See section "Sparse checkout" in @@ -1098,6 +1119,22 @@ browser.<tool>.path:: browse HTML help (see `-w` option in linkgit:git-help[1]) or a working repository in gitweb (see linkgit:git-instaweb[1]). +checkout.defaultRemote:: + When you run 'git checkout <something>' and only have one + remote, it may implicitly fall back on checking out and + tracking e.g. 'origin/<something>'. This stops working as soon + as you have more than one remote with a '<something>' + reference. This setting allows for setting the name of a + preferred remote that should always win when it comes to + disambiguation. The typical use-case is to set this to + `origin`. ++ +Currently this is used by linkgit:git-checkout[1] when 'git checkout +<something>' will checkout the '<something>' branch on another remote, +and by linkgit:git-worktree[1] when 'git worktree add' refers to a +remote branch. This setting might be used for other checkout-like +commands or functionality in the future. + clean.requireForce:: A boolean to make git-clean do nothing unless given -f, -i or -n. Defaults to true. @@ -1146,6 +1183,11 @@ diff.colorMoved:: true the default color mode will be used. When set to false, moved lines are not colored. +diff.colorMovedWS:: + When moved lines are colored using e.g. the `diff.colorMoved` setting, + this option controls the `<mode>` how spaces are treated + for details of valid modes see '--color-moved-ws' in linkgit:git-diff[1]. + color.diff.<slot>:: Use customized color for diff colorization. `<slot>` specifies which part of the patch to use the specified color, and is one @@ -1162,7 +1204,8 @@ color.diff.<slot>:: color.decorate.<slot>:: Use customized color for 'git log --decorate' output. `<slot>` is one of `branch`, `remoteBranch`, `tag`, `stash` or `HEAD` for local - branches, remote-tracking branches, tags, stash and HEAD, respectively. + branches, remote-tracking branches, tags, stash and HEAD, respectively + and `grafted` for grafted commits. color.grep:: When set to `always`, always highlight matches. When `false` (or @@ -1181,8 +1224,10 @@ color.grep.<slot>:: filename prefix (when not using `-h`) `function`;; function name lines (when using `-p`) -`linenumber`;; +`lineNumber`;; line number prefix (when using `-n`) +`column`;; + column number prefix (when using `--column`) `match`;; matching text (same as setting `matchContext` and `matchSelected`) `matchContext`;; @@ -1457,10 +1502,19 @@ fetch.recurseSubmodules:: fetch.fsckObjects:: If it is set to true, git-fetch-pack will check all fetched - objects. It will abort in the case of a malformed object or a - broken link. The result of an abort are only dangling objects. - Defaults to false. If not set, the value of `transfer.fsckObjects` - is used instead. + objects. See `transfer.fsckObjects` for what's + checked. Defaults to false. If not set, the value of + `transfer.fsckObjects` is used instead. + +fetch.fsck.<msg-id>:: + Acts like `fsck.<msg-id>`, but is used by + linkgit:git-fetch-pack[1] instead of linkgit:git-fsck[1]. See + the `fsck.<msg-id>` documentation for details. + +fetch.fsck.skipList:: + Acts like `fsck.skipList`, but is used by + linkgit:git-fetch-pack[1] instead of linkgit:git-fsck[1]. See + the `fsck.skipList` documentation for details. fetch.unpackLimit:: If the number of objects fetched over the Git native @@ -1491,6 +1545,18 @@ fetch.output:: `full` and `compact`. Default value is `full`. See section OUTPUT in linkgit:git-fetch[1] for detail. +fetch.negotiationAlgorithm:: + Control how information about the commits in the local repository is + sent when negotiating the contents of the packfile to be sent by the + server. Set to "skipping" to use an algorithm that skips commits in an + effort to converge faster, but may result in a larger-than-necessary + packfile; The default is "default" which instructs Git to use the default algorithm + that never skips commits (unless the server has acknowledged it or one + of its descendants). + Unknown values will cause 'git fetch' to error out. ++ +See also the `--negotiation-tip` option for linkgit:git-fetch[1]. + format.attach:: Enable multipart/mixed attachments as the default for 'format-patch'. The value can also be a double quoted string @@ -1590,15 +1656,42 @@ filter.<driver>.smudge:: linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details. fsck.<msg-id>:: - Allows overriding the message type (error, warn or ignore) of a - specific message ID such as `missingEmail`. -+ -For convenience, fsck prefixes the error/warning with the message ID, -e.g. "missingEmail: invalid author/committer line - missing email" means -that setting `fsck.missingEmail = ignore` will hide that issue. -+ -This feature is intended to support working with legacy repositories -which cannot be repaired without disruptive changes. + During fsck git may find issues with legacy data which + wouldn't be generated by current versions of git, and which + wouldn't be sent over the wire if `transfer.fsckObjects` was + set. This feature is intended to support working with legacy + repositories containing such data. ++ +Setting `fsck.<msg-id>` will be picked up by linkgit:git-fsck[1], but +to accept pushes of such data set `receive.fsck.<msg-id>` instead, or +to clone or fetch it set `fetch.fsck.<msg-id>`. ++ +The rest of the documentation discusses `fsck.*` for brevity, but the +same applies for the corresponding `receive.fsck.*` and +`fetch.<msg-id>.*`. variables. ++ +Unlike variables like `color.ui` and `core.editor` the +`receive.fsck.<msg-id>` and `fetch.fsck.<msg-id>` variables will not +fall back on the `fsck.<msg-id>` configuration if they aren't set. To +uniformly configure the same fsck settings in different circumstances +all three of them they must all set to the same values. ++ +When `fsck.<msg-id>` is set, errors can be switched to warnings and +vice versa by configuring the `fsck.<msg-id>` setting where the +`<msg-id>` is the fsck message ID and the value is one of `error`, +`warn` or `ignore`. For convenience, fsck prefixes the error/warning +with the message ID, e.g. "missingEmail: invalid author/committer line +- missing email" means that setting `fsck.missingEmail = ignore` will +hide that issue. ++ +In general, it is better to enumerate existing objects with problems +with `fsck.skipList`, instead of listing the kind of breakages these +problematic objects share to be ignored, as doing the latter will +allow new instances of the same breakages go unnoticed. ++ +Setting an unknown `fsck.<msg-id>` value will cause fsck to die, but +doing the same for `receive.fsck.<msg-id>` and `fetch.fsck.<msg-id>` +will only cause git to warn. fsck.skipList:: The path to a sorted list of object names (i.e. one SHA-1 per @@ -1607,6 +1700,15 @@ fsck.skipList:: should be accepted despite early commits containing errors that can be safely ignored such as invalid committer email addresses. Note: corrupt objects cannot be skipped with this setting. ++ +Like `fsck.<msg-id>` this variable has corresponding +`receive.fsck.skipList` and `fetch.fsck.skipList` variants. ++ +Unlike variables like `color.ui` and `core.editor` the +`receive.fsck.skipList` and `fetch.fsck.skipList` variables will not +fall back on the `fsck.skipList` configuration if they aren't set. To +uniformly configure the same fsck settings in different circumstances +all three of them they must all set to the same values. gc.aggressiveDepth:: The depth parameter used in the delta compression @@ -1797,6 +1899,9 @@ gitweb.snapshot:: grep.lineNumber:: If set to true, enable `-n` option by default. +grep.column:: + If set to true, enable the `--column` option by default. + grep.patternType:: Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended', 'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the `--basic-regexp`, `--extended-regexp`, @@ -1827,6 +1932,16 @@ gpg.program:: signed, and the program is expected to send the result to its standard output. +gpg.format:: + Specifies which key format to use when signing with `--gpg-sign`. + Default is "openpgp" and another possible value is "x509". + +gpg.<format>.program:: + Use this to customize the program used for the signing format you + chose. (see `gpg.program` and `gpg.format`) `gpg.program` can still + be used as a legacy synonym for `gpg.openpgp.program`. The default + value for `gpg.x509.program` is "gpgsm". + gui.commitMsgWidth:: Defines how wide the commit message window is in the linkgit:git-gui[1]. "75" is the default. @@ -2880,32 +2995,21 @@ receive.certNonceSlop:: receive.fsckObjects:: If it is set to true, git-receive-pack will check all received - objects. It will abort in the case of a malformed object or a - broken link. The result of an abort are only dangling objects. - Defaults to false. If not set, the value of `transfer.fsckObjects` - is used instead. + objects. See `transfer.fsckObjects` for what's checked. + Defaults to false. If not set, the value of + `transfer.fsckObjects` is used instead. receive.fsck.<msg-id>:: - When `receive.fsckObjects` is set to true, errors can be switched - to warnings and vice versa by configuring the `receive.fsck.<msg-id>` - setting where the `<msg-id>` is the fsck message ID and the value - is one of `error`, `warn` or `ignore`. For convenience, fsck prefixes - the error/warning with the message ID, e.g. "missingEmail: invalid - author/committer line - missing email" means that setting - `receive.fsck.missingEmail = ignore` will hide that issue. -+ -This feature is intended to support working with legacy repositories -which would not pass pushing when `receive.fsckObjects = true`, allowing -the host to accept repositories with certain known issues but still catch -other issues. + Acts like `fsck.<msg-id>`, but is used by + linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] instead of + linkgit:git-fsck[1]. See the `fsck.<msg-id>` documentation for + details. receive.fsck.skipList:: - The path to a sorted list of object names (i.e. one SHA-1 per - line) that are known to be broken in a non-fatal way and should - be ignored. This feature is useful when an established project - should be accepted despite early commits containing errors that - can be safely ignored such as invalid committer email addresses. - Note: corrupt objects cannot be skipped with this setting. + Acts like `fsck.skipList`, but is used by + linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] instead of + linkgit:git-fsck[1]. See the `fsck.skipList` documentation for + details. receive.keepAlive:: After receiving the pack from the client, `receive-pack` may @@ -3327,12 +3431,13 @@ submodule.<name>.ignore:: submodule.<name>.active:: Boolean value indicating if the submodule is of interest to git commands. This config option takes precedence over the - submodule.active config option. + submodule.active config option. See linkgit:gitsubmodules[7] for + details. submodule.active:: A repeated field which contains a pathspec used to match against a submodule's path to determine if the submodule is of interest to git - commands. + commands. See linkgit:gitsubmodules[7] for details. submodule.recurse:: Specifies if commands recurse into submodules by default. This @@ -3379,6 +3484,40 @@ transfer.fsckObjects:: When `fetch.fsckObjects` or `receive.fsckObjects` are not set, the value of this variable is used instead. Defaults to false. ++ +When set, the fetch or receive will abort in the case of a malformed +object or a link to a nonexistent object. In addition, various other +issues are checked for, including legacy issues (see `fsck.<msg-id>`), +and potential security issues like the existence of a `.GIT` directory +or a malicious `.gitmodules` file (see the release notes for v2.2.1 +and v2.17.1 for details). Other sanity and security checks may be +added in future releases. ++ +On the receiving side, failing fsckObjects will make those objects +unreachable, see "QUARANTINE ENVIRONMENT" in +linkgit:git-receive-pack[1]. On the fetch side, malformed objects will +instead be left unreferenced in the repository. ++ +Due to the non-quarantine nature of the `fetch.fsckObjects` +implementation it can not be relied upon to leave the object store +clean like `receive.fsckObjects` can. ++ +As objects are unpacked they're written to the object store, so there +can be cases where malicious objects get introduced even though the +"fetch" failed, only to have a subsequent "fetch" succeed because only +new incoming objects are checked, not those that have already been +written to the object store. That difference in behavior should not be +relied upon. In the future, such objects may be quarantined for +"fetch" as well. ++ +For now, the paranoid need to find some way to emulate the quarantine +environment if they'd like the same protection as "push". E.g. in the +case of an internal mirror do the mirroring in two steps, one to fetch +the untrusted objects, and then do a second "push" (which will use the +quarantine) to another internal repo, and have internal clients +consume this pushed-to repository, or embargo internal fetches and +only allow them once a full "fsck" has run (and no new fetches have +happened in the meantime). transfer.hideRefs:: String(s) `receive-pack` and `upload-pack` use to decide which @@ -3479,6 +3618,13 @@ Note that this configuration variable is ignored if it is seen in the repository-level config (this is a safety measure against fetching from untrusted repositories). +uploadpack.allowRefInWant:: + If this option is set, `upload-pack` will support the `ref-in-want` + feature of the protocol version 2 `fetch` command. This feature + is intended for the benefit of load-balanced servers which may + not have the same view of what OIDs their refs point to due to + replication delay. + url.<base>.insteadOf:: Any URL that starts with this value will be rewritten to start, instead, with <base>. In cases where some site serves a diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt index 41064909ee..0378cd574e 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt @@ -276,16 +276,46 @@ plain:: that are added somewhere else in the diff. This mode picks up any moved line, but it is not very useful in a review to determine if a block of code was moved without permutation. -zebra:: +blocks:: Blocks of moved text of at least 20 alphanumeric characters are detected greedily. The detected blocks are - painted using either the 'color.diff.{old,new}Moved' color or + painted using either the 'color.diff.{old,new}Moved' color. + Adjacent blocks cannot be told apart. +zebra:: + Blocks of moved text are detected as in 'blocks' mode. The blocks + are painted using either the 'color.diff.{old,new}Moved' color or 'color.diff.{old,new}MovedAlternative'. The change between the two colors indicates that a new block was detected. -dimmed_zebra:: +dimmed-zebra:: Similar to 'zebra', but additional dimming of uninteresting parts of moved code is performed. The bordering lines of two adjacent blocks are considered interesting, the rest is uninteresting. + `dimmed_zebra` is a deprecated synonym. +-- + +--color-moved-ws=<modes>:: + This configures how white spaces are ignored when performing the + move detection for `--color-moved`. +ifdef::git-diff[] + It can be set by the `diff.colorMovedWS` configuration setting. +endif::git-diff[] + These modes can be given as a comma separated list: ++ +-- +ignore-space-at-eol:: + Ignore changes in whitespace at EOL. +ignore-space-change:: + Ignore changes in amount of whitespace. This ignores whitespace + at line end, and considers all other sequences of one or + more whitespace characters to be equivalent. +ignore-all-space:: + Ignore whitespace when comparing lines. This ignores differences + even if one line has whitespace where the other line has none. +allow-indentation-change:: + Initially ignore any white spaces in the move detection, then + group the moved code blocks only into a block if the change in + whitespace is the same per line. This is incompatible with the + other modes. -- --word-diff[=<mode>]:: diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt index 97d3217df9..8bc36af4b1 100644 --- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt @@ -42,6 +42,25 @@ the current repository has the same history as the source repository. .git/shallow. This option updates .git/shallow and accept such refs. +--negotiation-tip=<commit|glob>:: + By default, Git will report, to the server, commits reachable + from all local refs to find common commits in an attempt to + reduce the size of the to-be-received packfile. If specified, + Git will only report commits reachable from the given tips. + This is useful to speed up fetches when the user knows which + local ref is likely to have commits in common with the + upstream ref being fetched. ++ +This option may be specified more than once; if so, Git will report +commits reachable from any of the given commits. ++ +The argument to this option may be a glob on ref names, a ref, or the (possibly +abbreviated) SHA-1 of a commit. Specifying a glob is equivalent to specifying +this option multiple times, one for each matching ref name. ++ +See also the `fetch.negotiationAlgorithm` configuration variable +documented in linkgit:git-config[1]. + ifndef::git-pull[] --dry-run:: Show what would be done, without making any changes. diff --git a/Documentation/git-apply.txt b/Documentation/git-apply.txt index 67228494c0..b9aa39000f 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-apply.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-apply.txt @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-apply - Apply a patch to files and/or to the index SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index] [--3way] +'git apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index | --intent-to-add] [--3way] [--apply] [--no-add] [--build-fake-ancestor=<file>] [-R | --reverse] [--allow-binary-replacement | --binary] [--reject] [-z] [-p<n>] [-C<n>] [--inaccurate-eof] [--recount] [--cached] @@ -74,6 +74,14 @@ OPTIONS cached data, apply the patch, and store the result in the index without using the working tree. This implies `--index`. +--intent-to-add:: + When applying the patch only to the working tree, mark new + files to be added to the index later (see `--intent-to-add` + option in linkgit:git-add[1]). This option is ignored unless + running in a Git repository and `--index` is not specified. + Note that `--index` could be implied by other options such + as `--cached` or `--3way`. + -3:: --3way:: When the patch does not apply cleanly, fall back on 3-way merge if diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt index 78479b003e..0f9ef2f25e 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt @@ -1103,7 +1103,7 @@ _____________ Combining test suites, git bisect and other systems together ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -We have seen that test suites an git bisect are very powerful when +We have seen that test suites and git bisect are very powerful when used together. It can be even more powerful if you can combine them with other systems. diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt index 02eccbb931..1072ca0eb6 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt @@ -91,7 +91,6 @@ OPTIONS -D:: Shortcut for `--delete --force`. --l:: --create-reflog:: Create the branch's reflog. This activates recording of all changes made to the branch ref, enabling use of date @@ -101,6 +100,8 @@ OPTIONS The negated form `--no-create-reflog` only overrides an earlier `--create-reflog`, but currently does not negate the setting of `core.logAllRefUpdates`. ++ +The `-l` option is a deprecated synonym for `--create-reflog`. -f:: --force:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt index ca5fc9c798..9db02928c4 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt @@ -38,6 +38,15 @@ equivalent to $ git checkout -b <branch> --track <remote>/<branch> ------------ + +If the branch exists in multiple remotes and one of them is named by +the `checkout.defaultRemote` configuration variable, we'll use that +one for the purposes of disambiguation, even if the `<branch>` isn't +unique across all remotes. Set it to +e.g. `checkout.defaultRemote=origin` to always checkout remote +branches from there if `<branch>` is ambiguous but exists on the +'origin' remote. See also `checkout.defaultRemote` in +linkgit:git-config[1]. ++ You could omit <branch>, in which case the command degenerates to "check out the current branch", which is a glorified no-op with rather expensive side-effects to show only the tracking information, diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt b/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt index 4c97b555cc..dececb79d7 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-commit-graph.txt @@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git commit-graph read' [--object-dir <dir>] +'git commit-graph verify' [--object-dir <dir>] 'git commit-graph write' <options> [--object-dir <dir>] @@ -37,12 +38,16 @@ Write a commit graph file based on the commits found in packfiles. + With the `--stdin-packs` option, generate the new commit graph by walking objects only in the specified pack-indexes. (Cannot be combined -with --stdin-commits.) +with `--stdin-commits` or `--reachable`.) + With the `--stdin-commits` option, generate the new commit graph by walking commits starting at the commits specified in stdin as a list of OIDs in hex, one OID per line. (Cannot be combined with ---stdin-packs.) +`--stdin-packs` or `--reachable`.) ++ +With the `--reachable` option, generate the new commit graph by walking +commits starting at all refs. (Cannot be combined with `--stdin-commits` +or `--stdin-packs`.) + With the `--append` option, include all commits that are present in the existing commit-graph file. @@ -52,6 +57,11 @@ existing commit-graph file. Read a graph file given by the commit-graph file and output basic details about the graph file. Used for debugging purposes. +'verify':: + +Read the commit-graph file and verify its contents against the object +database. Used to check for corrupted data. + EXAMPLES -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt index 085d177d97..901faef1bf 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ OPTIONS `xx`; for example `%00` interpolates to `\0` (NUL), `%09` to `\t` (TAB) and `%0a` to `\n` (LF). ---color[=<when>]: +--color[=<when>]:: Respect any colors specified in the `--format` option. The `<when>` field must be one of `always`, `never`, or `auto` (if `<when>` is absent, behave as if `always` was given). diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt index b9f060e3b2..ab9a93fb9b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt @@ -110,6 +110,9 @@ Any corrupt objects you will have to find in backups or other archives (i.e., you can just remove them and do an 'rsync' with some other site in the hopes that somebody else has the object you have corrupted). +If core.commitGraph is true, the commit-graph file will also be inspected +using 'git commit-graph verify'. See linkgit:git-commit-graph[1]. + Extracted Diagnostics --------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-gc.txt b/Documentation/git-gc.txt index 24b2dd44fe..f5bc98ccb3 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-gc.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-gc.txt @@ -136,6 +136,10 @@ The optional configuration variable `gc.packRefs` determines if it within all non-bare repos or it can be set to a boolean value. This defaults to true. +The optional configuration variable `gc.commitGraph` determines if +'git gc' should run 'git commit-graph write'. This can be set to a +boolean value. This defaults to false. + The optional configuration variable `gc.aggressiveWindow` controls how much time is spent optimizing the delta compression of the objects in the repository when the --aggressive option is specified. The larger diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt index 312409a607..a3049af1a3 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt @@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ SYNOPSIS [-v | --invert-match] [-h|-H] [--full-name] [-E | --extended-regexp] [-G | --basic-regexp] [-P | --perl-regexp] - [-F | --fixed-strings] [-n | --line-number] + [-F | --fixed-strings] [-n | --line-number] [--column] [-l | --files-with-matches] [-L | --files-without-match] [(-O | --open-files-in-pager) [<pager>]] [-z | --null] - [-c | --count] [--all-match] [-q | --quiet] + [ -o | --only-matching ] [-c | --count] [--all-match] [-q | --quiet] [--max-depth <depth>] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--break] [--heading] [-p | --show-function] @@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ CONFIGURATION grep.lineNumber:: If set to true, enable `-n` option by default. +grep.column:: + If set to true, enable the `--column` option by default. + grep.patternType:: Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended', 'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the `--basic-regexp`, `--extended-regexp`, @@ -169,6 +172,10 @@ providing this option will cause it to die. --line-number:: Prefix the line number to matching lines. +--column:: + Prefix the 1-indexed byte-offset of the first match from the start of the + matching line. + -l:: --files-with-matches:: --name-only:: @@ -194,6 +201,11 @@ providing this option will cause it to die. Output \0 instead of the character that normally follows a file name. +-o:: +--only-matching:: + Print only the matched (non-empty) parts of a matching line, with each such + part on a separate output line. + -c:: --count:: Instead of showing every matched line, show the number of diff --git a/Documentation/git-help.txt b/Documentation/git-help.txt index a40fc38d8b..83d25d825a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-help.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-help.txt @@ -45,6 +45,11 @@ OPTIONS When used with `--verbose` print description for all recognized commands. +-c:: +--config:: + List all available configuration variables. This is a short + summary of the list in linkgit:git-config[1]. + -g:: --guides:: Prints a list of useful guides on the standard output. This diff --git a/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt b/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt index 032613c420..7b157441eb 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt @@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ imap.tunnel:: to the server. Required when imap.host is not set. imap.host:: - A URL identifying the server. Use a `imap://` prefix for non-secure - connections and a `imaps://` prefix for secure connections. + A URL identifying the server. Use an `imap://` prefix for non-secure + connections and an `imaps://` prefix for secure connections. Ignored when imap.tunnel is set, but required otherwise. imap.user:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt b/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt index 9111c47a1b..b8fafb1e8b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt @@ -88,7 +88,8 @@ OPTIONS Specify where all new trailers will be added. A setting provided with '--where' overrides all configuration variables and applies to all '--trailer' options until the next occurrence of - '--where' or '--no-where'. + '--where' or '--no-where'. Possible values are `after`, `before`, + `end` or `start`. --if-exists <action>:: --no-if-exists:: @@ -96,7 +97,8 @@ OPTIONS least one trailer with the same <token> in the message. A setting provided with '--if-exists' overrides all configuration variables and applies to all '--trailer' options until the next occurrence of - '--if-exists' or '--no-if-exists'. + '--if-exists' or '--no-if-exists'. Possible actions are `addIfDifferent`, + `addIfDifferentNeighbor`, `add`, `replace` and `doNothing`. --if-missing <action>:: --no-if-missing:: @@ -104,7 +106,8 @@ OPTIONS trailer with the same <token> in the message. A setting provided with '--if-missing' overrides all configuration variables and applies to all '--trailer' options until the next occurrence of - '--if-missing' or '--no-if-missing'. + '--if-missing' or '--no-if-missing'. Possible actions are `doNothing` + or `add`. --only-trailers:: Output only the trailers, not any other parts of the input. diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt index 6a5c00e2c2..eb36837f86 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS 'git merge' [-n] [--stat] [--no-commit] [--squash] [--[no-]edit] [-s <strategy>] [-X <strategy-option>] [-S[<keyid>]] [--[no-]allow-unrelated-histories] - [--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [<commit>...] + [--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [-F <file>] [<commit>...] 'git merge' --abort 'git merge' --continue @@ -75,6 +75,14 @@ The 'git fmt-merge-msg' command can be used to give a good default for automated 'git merge' invocations. The automated message can include the branch description. +-F <file>:: +--file=<file>:: + Read the commit message to be used for the merge commit (in + case one is created). ++ +If `--log` is specified, a shortlog of the commits being merged +will be appended to the specified message. + --[no-]rerere-autoupdate:: Allow the rerere mechanism to update the index with the result of auto-conflict resolution if possible. @@ -122,9 +130,9 @@ merge' may need to update. To avoid recording unrelated changes in the merge commit, 'git pull' and 'git merge' will also abort if there are any changes -registered in the index relative to the `HEAD` commit. (One -exception is when the changed index entries are in the state that -would result from the merge already.) +registered in the index relative to the `HEAD` commit. (Special +narrow exceptions to this rule may exist depending on which merge +strategy is in use, but generally, the index must match HEAD.) If all named commits are already ancestors of `HEAD`, 'git merge' will exit early with the message "Already up to date." diff --git a/Documentation/git-notes.txt b/Documentation/git-notes.txt index e8dec1b3c8..df2b64dbb6 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-notes.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-notes.txt @@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ OPTIONS .git/NOTES_MERGE_REF symref is updated to the resulting commit. --abort:: - Abort/reset a in-progress 'git notes merge', i.e. a notes merge + Abort/reset an in-progress 'git notes merge', i.e. a notes merge with conflicts. This simply removes all files related to the notes merge. diff --git a/Documentation/git-p4.txt b/Documentation/git-p4.txt index f0de3b891b..41780a5aa9 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-p4.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-p4.txt @@ -374,6 +374,14 @@ These options can be used to modify 'git p4 submit' behavior. been submitted. Implies --disable-rebase. Can also be set with git-p4.disableP4Sync. Sync with origin/master still goes ahead if possible. +Hook for submit +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +The `p4-pre-submit` hook is executed if it exists and is executable. +The hook takes no parameters and nothing from standard input. Exiting with +non-zero status from this script prevents `git-p4 submit` from launching. + +One usage scenario is to run unit tests in the hook. + Rebase options ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ These options can be used to modify 'git p4 rebase' behavior. diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt index 0e20a66e73..1fbc6ebcde 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt @@ -243,11 +243,15 @@ leave out at most one of A and B, in which case it defaults to HEAD. --keep-empty:: Keep the commits that do not change anything from its parents in the result. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. --allow-empty-message:: By default, rebasing commits with an empty message will fail. This option overrides that behavior, allowing commits with empty messages to be rebased. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. --skip:: Restart the rebasing process by skipping the current patch. @@ -271,6 +275,8 @@ branch on top of the <upstream> branch. Because of this, when a merge conflict happens, the side reported as 'ours' is the so-far rebased series, starting with <upstream>, and 'theirs' is the working branch. In other words, the sides are swapped. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. -s <strategy>:: --strategy=<strategy>:: @@ -280,8 +286,10 @@ other words, the sides are swapped. + Because 'git rebase' replays each commit from the working branch on top of the <upstream> branch using the given strategy, using -the 'ours' strategy simply discards all patches from the <branch>, +the 'ours' strategy simply empties all patches from the <branch>, which makes little sense. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. -X <strategy-option>:: --strategy-option=<strategy-option>:: @@ -289,6 +297,8 @@ which makes little sense. This implies `--merge` and, if no strategy has been specified, `-s recursive`. Note the reversal of 'ours' and 'theirs' as noted above for the `-m` option. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. -S[<keyid>]:: --gpg-sign[=<keyid>]:: @@ -324,17 +334,21 @@ which makes little sense. and after each change. When fewer lines of surrounding context exist they all must match. By default no context is ever ignored. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. --f:: +--no-ff:: --force-rebase:: - Force a rebase even if the current branch is up to date and - the command without `--force` would return without doing anything. +-f:: + Individually replay all rebased commits instead of fast-forwarding + over the unchanged ones. This ensures that the entire history of + the rebased branch is composed of new commits. + -You may find this (or --no-ff with an interactive rebase) helpful after -reverting a topic branch merge, as this option recreates the topic branch with -fresh commits so it can be remerged successfully without needing to "revert -the reversion" (see the -link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for details). +You may find this helpful after reverting a topic branch merge, as this option +recreates the topic branch with fresh commits so it can be remerged +successfully without needing to "revert the reversion" (see the +link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for +details). --fork-point:: --no-fork-point:: @@ -355,19 +369,22 @@ default is `--no-fork-point`, otherwise the default is `--fork-point`. --whitespace=<option>:: These flag are passed to the 'git apply' program (see linkgit:git-apply[1]) that applies the patch. - Incompatible with the --interactive option. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. --committer-date-is-author-date:: --ignore-date:: These flags are passed to 'git am' to easily change the dates of the rebased commits (see linkgit:git-am[1]). - Incompatible with the --interactive option. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. --signoff:: Add a Signed-off-by: trailer to all the rebased commits. Note that if `--interactive` is given then only commits marked to be - picked, edited or reworded will have the trailer added. Incompatible - with the `--preserve-merges` option. + picked, edited or reworded will have the trailer added. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. -i:: --interactive:: @@ -378,6 +395,8 @@ default is `--no-fork-point`, otherwise the default is `--fork-point`. The commit list format can be changed by setting the configuration option rebase.instructionFormat. A customized instruction format will automatically have the long commit hash prepended to the format. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. -r:: --rebase-merges[=(rebase-cousins|no-rebase-cousins)]:: @@ -404,7 +423,7 @@ It is currently only possible to recreate the merge commits using the `recursive` merge strategy; Different merge strategies can be used only via explicit `exec git merge -s <strategy> [...]` commands. + -See also REBASING MERGES below. +See also REBASING MERGES and INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. -p:: --preserve-merges:: @@ -415,6 +434,8 @@ See also REBASING MERGES below. This uses the `--interactive` machinery internally, but combining it with the `--interactive` option explicitly is generally not a good idea unless you know what you are doing (see BUGS below). ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. -x <cmd>:: --exec <cmd>:: @@ -437,6 +458,8 @@ squash/fixup series. + This uses the `--interactive` machinery internally, but it can be run without an explicit `--interactive`. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. --root:: Rebase all commits reachable from <branch>, instead of @@ -447,6 +470,8 @@ without an explicit `--interactive`. When used together with both --onto and --preserve-merges, 'all' root commits will be rewritten to have <newbase> as parent instead. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. --autosquash:: --no-autosquash:: @@ -461,11 +486,11 @@ without an explicit `--interactive`. too. The recommended way to create fixup/squash commits is by using the `--fixup`/`--squash` options of linkgit:git-commit[1]. + -This option is only valid when the `--interactive` option is used. -+ If the `--autosquash` option is enabled by default using the configuration variable `rebase.autoSquash`, this option can be used to override and disable this setting. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. --autostash:: --no-autostash:: @@ -475,17 +500,73 @@ used to override and disable this setting. with care: the final stash application after a successful rebase might result in non-trivial conflicts. ---no-ff:: - With --interactive, cherry-pick all rebased commits instead of - fast-forwarding over the unchanged ones. This ensures that the - entire history of the rebased branch is composed of new commits. -+ -Without --interactive, this is a synonym for --force-rebase. -+ -You may find this helpful after reverting a topic branch merge, as this option -recreates the topic branch with fresh commits so it can be remerged -successfully without needing to "revert the reversion" (see the -link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for details). +INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS +-------------------- + +git-rebase has many flags that are incompatible with each other, +predominantly due to the fact that it has three different underlying +implementations: + + * one based on linkgit:git-am[1] (the default) + * one based on git-merge-recursive (merge backend) + * one based on linkgit:git-cherry-pick[1] (interactive backend) + +Flags only understood by the am backend: + + * --committer-date-is-author-date + * --ignore-date + * --whitespace + * --ignore-whitespace + * -C + +Flags understood by both merge and interactive backends: + + * --merge + * --strategy + * --strategy-option + * --allow-empty-message + +Flags only understood by the interactive backend: + + * --[no-]autosquash + * --rebase-merges + * --preserve-merges + * --interactive + * --exec + * --keep-empty + * --autosquash + * --edit-todo + * --root when used in combination with --onto + +Other incompatible flag pairs: + + * --preserve-merges and --interactive + * --preserve-merges and --signoff + * --preserve-merges and --rebase-merges + * --rebase-merges and --strategy + * --rebase-merges and --strategy-option + +BEHAVIORAL DIFFERENCES +----------------------- + + * empty commits: + + am-based rebase will drop any "empty" commits, whether the + commit started empty (had no changes relative to its parent to + start with) or ended empty (all changes were already applied + upstream in other commits). + + merge-based rebase does the same. + + interactive-based rebase will by default drop commits that + started empty and halt if it hits a commit that ended up empty. + The `--keep-empty` option exists for interactive rebases to allow + it to keep commits that started empty. + + * directory rename detection: + + merge-based and interactive-based rebases work fine with + directory rename detection. am-based rebases sometimes do not. include::merge-strategies.txt[] @@ -804,7 +885,7 @@ The ripple effect of a "hard case" recovery is especially bad: case" recovery too! REBASING MERGES ------------------ +--------------- The interactive rebase command was originally designed to handle individual patch series. As such, it makes sense to exclude merge @@ -879,8 +960,8 @@ rescheduled immediately, with a helpful message how to edit the todo list (this typically happens when a `reset` command was inserted into the todo list manually and contains a typo). -The `merge` command will merge the specified revision into whatever is -HEAD at that time. With `-C <original-commit>`, the commit message of +The `merge` command will merge the specified revision(s) into whatever +is HEAD at that time. With `-C <original-commit>`, the commit message of the specified merge commit will be used. When the `-C` is changed to a lower-case `-c`, the message will be opened in an editor after a successful merge so that the user can edit the message. @@ -889,7 +970,8 @@ If a `merge` command fails for any reason other than merge conflicts (i.e. when the merge operation did not even start), it is rescheduled immediately. At this time, the `merge` command will *always* use the `recursive` -merge strategy, with no way to choose a different one. To work around +merge strategy for regular merges, and `octopus` for octopus merges, +strategy, with no way to choose a different one. To work around this, an `exec` command can be used to call `git merge` explicitly, using the fact that the labels are worktree-local refs (the ref `refs/rewritten/onto` would correspond to the label `onto`, for example). diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt index 4f3efde80c..465a4ecbed 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt @@ -137,15 +137,17 @@ Note that no attempts whatsoever are made to validate the encoding. Specify encoding of compose message. Default is the value of the 'sendemail.composeencoding'; if that is unspecified, UTF-8 is assumed. ---transfer-encoding=(7bit|8bit|quoted-printable|base64):: +--transfer-encoding=(7bit|8bit|quoted-printable|base64|auto):: Specify the transfer encoding to be used to send the message over SMTP. 7bit will fail upon encountering a non-ASCII message. quoted-printable can be useful when the repository contains files that contain carriage returns, but makes the raw patch email file (as saved from a MUA) much harder to inspect manually. base64 is even more fool proof, but also - even more opaque. Default is the value of the `sendemail.transferEncoding` - configuration value; if that is unspecified, git will use 8bit and not - add a Content-Transfer-Encoding header. + even more opaque. auto will use 8bit when possible, and quoted-printable + otherwise. ++ +Default is the value of the `sendemail.transferEncoding` configuration +value; if that is unspecified, default to `auto`. --xmailer:: --no-xmailer:: @@ -398,8 +400,11 @@ have been specified, in which case default to 'compose'. + -- * Invoke the sendemail-validate hook if present (see linkgit:githooks[5]). - * Warn of patches that contain lines longer than 998 characters; this - is due to SMTP limits as described by http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt. + * Warn of patches that contain lines longer than + 998 characters unless a suitable transfer encoding + ('auto', 'base64', or 'quoted-printable') is used; + this is due to SMTP limits as described by + http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5322.txt. -- + Default is the value of `sendemail.validate`; if this is not set, diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-index.txt b/Documentation/git-show-index.txt index a8a9509e0e..424e4ba84c 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-show-index.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-show-index.txt @@ -14,13 +14,27 @@ SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ----------- -Read the idx file for a Git packfile created with -'git pack-objects' command from the standard input, and -dump its contents. +Read the `.idx` file for a Git packfile (created with +linkgit:git-pack-objects[1] or linkgit:git-index-pack[1]) from the +standard input, and dump its contents. The output consists of one object +per line, with each line containing two or three space-separated +columns: -The information it outputs is subset of what you can get from -'git verify-pack -v'; this command only shows the packfile -offset and SHA-1 of each object. + - the first column is the offset in bytes of the object within the + corresponding packfile + + - the second column is the object id of the object + + - if the index version is 2 or higher, the third column contains the + CRC32 of the object data + +The objects are output in the order in which they are found in the index +file, which should be (in a correctly constructed file) sorted by object +id. + +Note that you can get more information on a packfile by calling +linkgit:git-verify-pack[1]. However, as this command considers only the +index file itself, it's both faster and more flexible. GIT --- diff --git a/Documentation/git-status.txt b/Documentation/git-status.txt index c4467ffb98..d9f422d560 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-status.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-status.txt @@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ It is optional: it defaults to 'traditional'. The possible options are: + - 'traditional' - Shows ignored files and directories, unless - --untracked-files=all is specifed, in which case + --untracked-files=all is specified, in which case individual files in ignored directories are displayed. - 'no' - Show no ignored files. diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt index ef9d9d28a9..ba3c4df550 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt @@ -183,12 +183,17 @@ information too. foreach [--recursive] <command>:: Evaluates an arbitrary shell command in each checked out submodule. - The command has access to the variables $name, $path, $sha1 and - $toplevel: + The command has access to the variables $name, $sm_path, $displaypath, + $sha1 and $toplevel: $name is the name of the relevant submodule section in `.gitmodules`, - $path is the name of the submodule directory relative to the - superproject, $sha1 is the commit as recorded in the superproject, - and $toplevel is the absolute path to the top-level of the superproject. + $sm_path is the path of the submodule as recorded in the immediate + superproject, $displaypath contains the relative path from the + current working directory to the submodules root directory, + $sha1 is the commit as recorded in the immediate + superproject, and $toplevel is the absolute path to the top-level + of the immediate superproject. + Note that to avoid conflicts with '$PATH' on Windows, the '$path' + variable is now a deprecated synonym of '$sm_path' variable. Any submodules defined in the superproject but not checked out are ignored by this command. Unless given `--quiet`, foreach prints the name of each submodule before evaluating the command. diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt index 7ea24fc942..b99029520d 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-svn.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt @@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git log' 'commit-diff':: Commits the diff of two tree-ish arguments from the - command-line. This command does not rely on being inside an `git svn + command-line. This command does not rely on being inside a `git svn init`-ed repository. This command takes three arguments, (a) the original tree to diff against, (b) the new tree result, (c) the URL of the target Subversion repository. The final argument diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt index 87c4288ffc..92f9c12b87 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ options for details. variable if it exists, or lexicographic order otherwise. See linkgit:git-config[1]. ---color[=<when>]: +--color[=<when>]:: Respect any colors specified in the `--format` option. The `<when>` field must be one of `always`, `never`, or `auto` (if `<when>` is absent, behave as if `always` was given). diff --git a/Documentation/git-worktree.txt b/Documentation/git-worktree.txt index afc6576a14..9c26be40f4 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-worktree.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-worktree.txt @@ -60,6 +60,15 @@ with a matching name, treat as equivalent to: $ git worktree add --track -b <branch> <path> <remote>/<branch> ------------ + +If the branch exists in multiple remotes and one of them is named by +the `checkout.defaultRemote` configuration variable, we'll use that +one for the purposes of disambiguation, even if the `<branch>` isn't +unique across all remotes. Set it to +e.g. `checkout.defaultRemote=origin` to always checkout remote +branches from there if `<branch>` is ambiguous but exists on the +'origin' remote. See also `checkout.defaultRemote` in +linkgit:git-config[1]. ++ If `<commit-ish>` is omitted and neither `-b` nor `-B` nor `--detach` used, then, as a convenience, the new worktree is associated with a branch (call it `<branch>`) named after `$(basename <path>)`. If `<branch>` diff --git a/Documentation/giteveryday.txt b/Documentation/giteveryday.txt index 10c8ff93c0..9f2528fc8c 100644 --- a/Documentation/giteveryday.txt +++ b/Documentation/giteveryday.txt @@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ commands in addition to the ones needed by participants. This section can also be used by those who respond to `git request-pull` or pull-request on GitHub (www.github.com) to -integrate the work of others into their history. An sub-area +integrate the work of others into their history. A sub-area lieutenant for a repository will act both as a participant and as an integrator. diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt index e3c283a174..959044347e 100644 --- a/Documentation/githooks.txt +++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt @@ -485,6 +485,13 @@ The exit status determines whether git will use the data from the hook to limit its search. On error, it will fall back to verifying all files and folders. +p4-pre-submit +~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +This hook is invoked by `git-p4 submit`. It takes no parameters and nothing +from standard input. Exiting with non-zero status from this script prevent +`git-p4 submit` from launching. Run `git-p4 submit --help` for details. + GIT --- Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/gitignore.txt b/Documentation/gitignore.txt index ff5d7f9ed6..d107daaffd 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitignore.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitignore.txt @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ gitignore - Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore SYNOPSIS -------- -$HOME/.config/git/ignore, $GIT_DIR/info/exclude, .gitignore +$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore, $GIT_DIR/info/exclude, .gitignore DESCRIPTION ----------- diff --git a/Documentation/gitsubmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitsubmodules.txt index 3b9faabdbb..504c5f1a88 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitsubmodules.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitsubmodules.txt @@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ In the above config only the submodule 'bar' and 'baz' are active, Note that (c) is a historical artefact and will be ignored if the (a) and (b) specify that the submodule is not active. In other words, -if we have an `submodule.<name>.active` set to `false` or if the +if we have a `submodule.<name>.active` set to `false` or if the submodule's path is excluded in the pathspec in `submodule.active`, the url doesn't matter whether it is present or not. This is illustrated in the example that follows. diff --git a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt index 6c2d23dc48..0d2aa48c63 100644 --- a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt +++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt @@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ The optional colon that terminates the "magic signature" can be omitted if the pattern begins with a character that does not belong to "magic signature" symbol set and is not a colon. + -In the long form, the leading colon `:` is followed by a open +In the long form, the leading colon `:` is followed by an open parenthesis `(`, a comma-separated list of zero or more "magic words", and a close parentheses `)`, and the remainder is the pattern to match against the path. diff --git a/Documentation/revisions.txt b/Documentation/revisions.txt index 7d1bd44094..72daa20e76 100644 --- a/Documentation/revisions.txt +++ b/Documentation/revisions.txt @@ -184,7 +184,8 @@ existing tag object. A colon, followed by a slash, followed by a text, names a commit whose commit message matches the specified regular expression. This name returns the youngest matching commit which is - reachable from any ref. The regular expression can match any part of the + reachable from any ref, including HEAD. + The regular expression can match any part of the commit message. To match messages starting with a string, one can use e.g. ':/^foo'. The special sequence ':/!' is reserved for modifiers to what is matched. ':/!-foo' performs a negative match, while ':/!!foo' matches a diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt index 4f44ca24f6..5abb8e8b1f 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ The notable options are: this case, the contents are returned as individual entries. + If this is set, files and directories that explicitly match an ignore -pattern are reported. Implicity ignored directories (directories that +pattern are reported. Implicitly ignored directories (directories that do not match an ignore pattern, but whose contents are all ignored) are not reported, instead all of the contents are reported. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt index e7cbb7c13a..45f0df600f 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ To get the values of all attributes associated with a file: * Iterate over the `attr_check.items[]` array to examine the attribute names and values. The name of the attribute - described by a `attr_check.items[]` object can be retrieved via + described by an `attr_check.items[]` object can be retrieved via `git_attr_name(check->items[i].attr)`. (Please note that no items will be returned for unset attributes, so `ATTR_UNSET()` will return false for all returned `attr_check.items[]` objects.) diff --git a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt index ad6af8105c..cc0474ba3e 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt @@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ metadata, including: the graph file. These positional references are stored as unsigned 32-bit integers -corresponding to the array position withing the list of commit OIDs. We -use the most-significant bit for special purposes, so we can store at most -(1 << 31) - 1 (around 2 billion) commits. +corresponding to the array position within the list of commit OIDs. Due +to some special constants we use to track parents, we can store at most +(1 << 30) + (1 << 29) + (1 << 28) - 1 (around 1.8 billion) commits. == Commit graph files have the following format: @@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ CHUNK DATA: OID Lookup (ID: {'O', 'I', 'D', 'L'}) (N * H bytes) The OIDs for all commits in the graph, sorted in ascending order. - Commit Data (ID: {'C', 'G', 'E', 'T' }) (N * (H + 16) bytes) + Commit Data (ID: {'C', 'D', 'A', 'T' }) (N * (H + 16) bytes) * The first H bytes are for the OID of the root tree. * The next 8 bytes are for the positions of the first two parents - of the ith commit. Stores value 0xffffffff if no parent in that + of the ith commit. Stores value 0x7000000 if no parent in that position. If there are more than two parents, the second value has its most-significant bit on and the other bits store an array position into the Large Edge List chunk. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph.txt b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph.txt index 0550c6d0dc..c664acbd76 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph.txt @@ -77,6 +77,29 @@ in the commit graph. We can treat these commits as having "infinite" generation number and walk until reaching commits with known generation number. +We use the macro GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY = 0xFFFFFFFF to mark commits not +in the commit-graph file. If a commit-graph file was written by a version +of Git that did not compute generation numbers, then those commits will +have generation number represented by the macro GENERATION_NUMBER_ZERO = 0. + +Since the commit-graph file is closed under reachability, we can guarantee +the following weaker condition on all commits: + + If A and B are commits with generation numbers N amd M, respectively, + and N < M, then A cannot reach B. + +Note how the strict inequality differs from the inequality when we have +fully-computed generation numbers. Using strict inequality may result in +walking a few extra commits, but the simplicity in dealing with commits +with generation number *_INFINITY or *_ZERO is valuable. + +We use the macro GENERATION_NUMBER_MAX = 0x3FFFFFFF to for commits whose +generation numbers are computed to be at least this value. We limit at +this value since it is the largest value that can be stored in the +commit-graph file using the 30 bits available to generation numbers. This +presents another case where a commit can have generation number equal to +that of a parent. + Design Details -------------- @@ -95,40 +118,14 @@ Future Work - The commit graph feature currently does not honor commit grafts. This can be remedied by duplicating or refactoring the current graft logic. -- The 'commit-graph' subcommand does not have a "verify" mode that is - necessary for integration with fsck. - -- The file format includes room for precomputed generation numbers. These - are not currently computed, so all generation numbers will be marked as - 0 (or "uncomputed"). A later patch will include this calculation. - - After computing and storing generation numbers, we must make graph walks aware of generation numbers to gain the performance benefits they enable. This will mostly be accomplished by swapping a commit-date-ordered priority queue with one ordered by generation number. The following operations are important candidates: - - paint_down_to_common() - 'log --topo-order' - -- Currently, parse_commit_gently() requires filling in the root tree - object for a commit. This passes through lookup_tree() and consequently - lookup_object(). Also, it calls lookup_commit() when loading the parents. - These method calls check the ODB for object existence, even if the - consumer does not need the content. For example, we do not need the - tree contents when computing merge bases. Now that commit parsing is - removed from the computation time, these lookup operations are the - slowest operations keeping graph walks from being fast. Consider - loading these objects without verifying their existence in the ODB and - only loading them fully when consumers need them. Consider a method - such as "ensure_tree_loaded(commit)" that fully loads a tree before - using commit->tree. - -- The current design uses the 'commit-graph' subcommand to generate the graph. - When this feature stabilizes enough to recommend to most users, we should - add automatic graph writes to common operations that create many commits. - For example, one could compute a graph on 'clone', 'fetch', or 'repack' - commands. + - 'tag --merged' - A server could provide a commit graph file as part of the network protocol to avoid extra calculations by clients. This feature is only of benefit if diff --git a/Documentation/technical/directory-rename-detection.txt b/Documentation/technical/directory-rename-detection.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1c0086e287 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/technical/directory-rename-detection.txt @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ +Directory rename detection +========================== + +Rename detection logic in diffcore-rename that checks for renames of +individual files is aggregated and analyzed in merge-recursive for cases +where combinations of renames indicate that a full directory has been +renamed. + +Scope of abilities +------------------ + +It is perhaps easiest to start with an example: + + * When all of x/a, x/b and x/c have moved to z/a, z/b and z/c, it is + likely that x/d added in the meantime would also want to move to z/d by + taking the hint that the entire directory 'x' moved to 'z'. + +More interesting possibilities exist, though, such as: + + * one side of history renames x -> z, and the other renames some file to + x/e, causing the need for the merge to do a transitive rename. + + * one side of history renames x -> z, but also renames all files within + x. For example, x/a -> z/alpha, x/b -> z/bravo, etc. + + * both 'x' and 'y' being merged into a single directory 'z', with a + directory rename being detected for both x->z and y->z. + + * not all files in a directory being renamed to the same location; + i.e. perhaps most the files in 'x' are now found under 'z', but a few + are found under 'w'. + + * a directory being renamed, which also contained a subdirectory that was + renamed to some entirely different location. (And perhaps the inner + directory itself contained inner directories that were renamed to yet + other locations). + + * combinations of the above; see t/t6043-merge-rename-directories.sh for + various interesting cases. + +Limitations -- applicability of directory renames +------------------------------------------------- + +In order to prevent edge and corner cases resulting in either conflicts +that cannot be represented in the index or which might be too complex for +users to try to understand and resolve, a couple basic rules limit when +directory rename detection applies: + + 1) If a given directory still exists on both sides of a merge, we do + not consider it to have been renamed. + + 2) If a subset of to-be-renamed files have a file or directory in the + way (or would be in the way of each other), "turn off" the directory + rename for those specific sub-paths and report the conflict to the + user. + + 3) If the other side of history did a directory rename to a path that + your side of history renamed away, then ignore that particular + rename from the other side of history for any implicit directory + renames (but warn the user). + +Limitations -- detailed rules and testcases +------------------------------------------- + +t/t6043-merge-rename-directories.sh contains extensive tests and commentary +which generate and explore the rules listed above. It also lists a few +additional rules: + + a) If renames split a directory into two or more others, the directory + with the most renames, "wins". + + b) Avoid directory-rename-detection for a path, if that path is the + source of a rename on either side of a merge. + + c) Only apply implicit directory renames to directories if the other side + of history is the one doing the renaming. + +Limitations -- support in different commands +-------------------------------------------- + +Directory rename detection is supported by 'merge' and 'cherry-pick'. +Other git commands which users might be surprised to see limited or no +directory rename detection support in: + + * diff + + Folks have requested in the past that `git diff` detect directory + renames and somehow simplify its output. It is not clear whether this + would be desirable or how the output should be simplified, so this was + simply not implemented. Further, to implement this, directory rename + detection logic would need to move from merge-recursive to + diffcore-rename. + + * am + + git-am tries to avoid a full three way merge, instead calling + git-apply. That prevents us from detecting renames at all, which may + defeat the directory rename detection. There is a fallback, though; if + the initial git-apply fails and the user has specified the -3 option, + git-am will fall back to a three way merge. However, git-am lacks the + necessary information to do a "real" three way merge. Instead, it has + to use build_fake_ancestor() to get a merge base that is missing files + whose rename may have been important to detect for directory rename + detection to function. + + * rebase + + Since am-based rebases work by first generating a bunch of patches + (which no longer record what the original commits were and thus don't + have the necessary info from which we can find a real merge-base), and + then calling git-am, this implies that am-based rebases will not always + successfully detect directory renames either (see the 'am' section + above). merged-based rebases (rebase -m) and cherry-pick-based rebases + (rebase -i) are not affected by this shortcoming, and fully support + directory rename detection. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/http-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/http-protocol.txt index 64f49d0bbb..9c5b6f0fac 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/http-protocol.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/http-protocol.txt @@ -338,11 +338,11 @@ server advertises capability `allow-tip-sha1-in-want` or request_end request_end = "0000" / "done" - want_list = PKT-LINE(want NUL cap_list LF) + want_list = PKT-LINE(want SP cap_list LF) *(want_pkt) want_pkt = PKT-LINE(want LF) want = "want" SP id - cap_list = *(SP capability) SP + cap_list = capability *(SP capability) have_list = *PKT-LINE("have" SP id LF) diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt index 7fee6b780a..6ac774d5f6 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt @@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ Each Extra Parameter takes the form of `<key>=<value>` or `<key>`. Servers that receive any such Extra Parameters MUST ignore all unrecognized keys. Currently, the only Extra Parameter recognized is -"version=1". +"version" with a value of '1' or '2'. See protocol-v2.txt for more +information on protocol version 2. Git Transport ------------- @@ -284,7 +285,9 @@ information is sent back to the client in the next step. The client can optionally request that pack-objects omit various objects from the packfile using one of several filtering techniques. These are intended for use with partial clone and partial fetch -operations. See `rev-list` for possible "filter-spec" values. +operations. An object that does not meet a filter-spec value is +omitted unless explicitly requested in a 'want' line. See `rev-list` +for possible filter-spec values. Once all the 'want's and 'shallow's (and optional 'deepen') are transferred, clients MUST send a flush-pkt, to tell the server side diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt index 49bda76d23..09e4e0273f 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt @@ -64,9 +64,8 @@ When using the http:// or https:// transport a client makes a "smart" info/refs request as described in `http-protocol.txt` and requests that v2 be used by supplying "version=2" in the `Git-Protocol` header. - C: Git-Protocol: version=2 - C: C: GET $GIT_URL/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.0 + C: Git-Protocol: version=2 A v2 server would reply: @@ -299,12 +298,21 @@ included in the client's request: for use with partial clone and partial fetch operations. See `rev-list` for possible "filter-spec" values. +If the 'ref-in-want' feature is advertised, the following argument can +be included in the client's request as well as the potential addition of +the 'wanted-refs' section in the server's response as explained below. + + want-ref <ref> + Indicates to the server that the client wants to retrieve a + particular ref, where <ref> is the full name of a ref on the + server. + The response of `fetch` is broken into a number of sections separated by delimiter packets (0001), with each section beginning with its section header. output = *section - section = (acknowledgments | shallow-info | packfile) + section = (acknowledgments | shallow-info | wanted-refs | packfile) (flush-pkt | delim-pkt) acknowledgments = PKT-LINE("acknowledgments" LF) @@ -319,6 +327,10 @@ header. shallow = "shallow" SP obj-id unshallow = "unshallow" SP obj-id + wanted-refs = PKT-LINE("wanted-refs" LF) + *PKT-LINE(wanted-ref LF) + wanted-ref = obj-id SP refname + packfile = PKT-LINE("packfile" LF) *PKT-LINE(%x01-03 *%x00-ff) @@ -379,6 +391,19 @@ header. * This section is only included if a packfile section is also included in the response. + wanted-refs section + * This section is only included if the client has requested a + ref using a 'want-ref' line and if a packfile section is also + included in the response. + + * Always begins with the section header "wanted-refs". + + * The server will send a ref listing ("<oid> <refname>") for + each reference requested using 'want-ref' lines. + + * The server MUST NOT send any refs which were not requested + using 'want-ref' lines. + packfile section * This section is only included if the client has sent 'want' lines in its request and either requested that no more |