diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/CodingGuidelines | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/Makefile | 63 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt | 49 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/config.txt | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/config/sparse.txt | 27 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/git-cat-file.txt | 42 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/git-help.txt | 15 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/git-read-tree.txt | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/git-remote.txt | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt | 76 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/git-update-index.txt | 57 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt | 12 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/technical/reftable.txt | 2 |
13 files changed, 247 insertions, 119 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines index c37c43186e..1a7bc4591c 100644 --- a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines +++ b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines @@ -217,6 +217,9 @@ For C programs: . since mid 2017 with 512f41cf, we have been using designated initializers for array (e.g. "int array[10] = { [5] = 2 }"). + . since early 2021 with 765dc168882, we have been using variadic + macros, mostly for printf-like trace and debug macros. + These used to be forbidden, but we have not heard any breakage report, and they are assumed to be safe. diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile index ed656db2ae..1eb9192dae 100644 --- a/Documentation/Makefile +++ b/Documentation/Makefile @@ -1,3 +1,6 @@ +# Import tree-wide shared Makefile behavior and libraries +include ../shared.mak + # Guard against environment variables MAN1_TXT = MAN5_TXT = @@ -215,38 +218,6 @@ DEFAULT_EDITOR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DEFAULT_EDITOR)) ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a 'git-default-editor=$(DEFAULT_EDITOR_SQ)' endif -QUIET_SUBDIR0 = +$(MAKE) -C # space to separate -C and subdir -QUIET_SUBDIR1 = - -ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),w),w) -PRINT_DIR = --no-print-directory -else # "make -w" -NO_SUBDIR = : -endif - -ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),s),s) -ifndef V - QUIET = @ - QUIET_ASCIIDOC = @echo ' ' ASCIIDOC $@; - QUIET_XMLTO = @echo ' ' XMLTO $@; - QUIET_DB2TEXI = @echo ' ' DB2TEXI $@; - QUIET_MAKEINFO = @echo ' ' MAKEINFO $@; - QUIET_DBLATEX = @echo ' ' DBLATEX $@; - QUIET_XSLTPROC = @echo ' ' XSLTPROC $@; - QUIET_GEN = @echo ' ' GEN $@; - QUIET_STDERR = 2> /dev/null - QUIET_SUBDIR0 = +@subdir= - QUIET_SUBDIR1 = ;$(NO_SUBDIR) echo ' ' SUBDIR $$subdir; \ - $(MAKE) $(PRINT_DIR) -C $$subdir - - QUIET_LINT_GITLINK = @echo ' ' LINT GITLINK $<; - QUIET_LINT_MANSEC = @echo ' ' LINT MAN SEC $<; - QUIET_LINT_MANEND = @echo ' ' LINT MAN END $<; - - export V -endif -endif - all: html man html: $(DOC_HTML) @@ -463,25 +434,11 @@ quick-install-html: require-htmlrepo print-man1: @for i in $(MAN1_TXT); do echo $$i; done -## Lint: Common -.build: - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ -.build/lint-docs: | .build - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ - ## Lint: gitlink -.build/lint-docs/gitlink: | .build/lint-docs - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ -.build/lint-docs/gitlink/howto: | .build/lint-docs/gitlink - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ -.build/lint-docs/gitlink/config: | .build/lint-docs/gitlink - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ LINT_DOCS_GITLINK = $(patsubst %.txt,.build/lint-docs/gitlink/%.ok,$(HOWTO_TXT) $(DOC_DEP_TXT)) -$(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): | .build/lint-docs/gitlink -$(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): | .build/lint-docs/gitlink/howto -$(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): | .build/lint-docs/gitlink/config $(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): lint-gitlink.perl $(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): .build/lint-docs/gitlink/%.ok: %.txt + $(call mkdir_p_parent_template) $(QUIET_LINT_GITLINK)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl \ $< \ $(HOWTO_TXT) $(DOC_DEP_TXT) \ @@ -492,23 +449,18 @@ $(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): .build/lint-docs/gitlink/%.ok: %.txt lint-docs-gitlink: $(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK) ## Lint: man-end-blurb -.build/lint-docs/man-end-blurb: | .build/lint-docs - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB = $(patsubst %.txt,.build/lint-docs/man-end-blurb/%.ok,$(MAN_TXT)) -$(LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB): | .build/lint-docs/man-end-blurb $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB): lint-man-end-blurb.perl $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB): .build/lint-docs/man-end-blurb/%.ok: %.txt + $(call mkdir_p_parent_template) $(QUIET_LINT_MANEND)$(PERL_PATH) lint-man-end-blurb.perl $< >$@ .PHONY: lint-docs-man-end-blurb -lint-docs-man-end-blurb: $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB) ## Lint: man-section-order -.build/lint-docs/man-section-order: | .build/lint-docs - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER = $(patsubst %.txt,.build/lint-docs/man-section-order/%.ok,$(MAN_TXT)) -$(LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER): | .build/lint-docs/man-section-order $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER): lint-man-section-order.perl $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER): .build/lint-docs/man-section-order/%.ok: %.txt + $(call mkdir_p_parent_template) $(QUIET_LINT_MANSEC)$(PERL_PATH) lint-man-section-order.perl $< >$@ .PHONY: lint-docs-man-section-order lint-docs-man-section-order: $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER) @@ -524,7 +476,4 @@ doc-l10n install-l10n:: $(MAKE) -C po $@ endif -# Delete the target file on error -.DELETE_ON_ERROR: - .PHONY: FORCE diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt index dcb39fe56c..6b2c6bfcc7 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt @@ -16,7 +16,13 @@ Backward compatibility warts Note to those who build from the source - * + * Since Git 2.31, our source assumed that the compiler you use to + build Git supports variadic macros, with an easy-to-use escape + hatch to allow compilation without variadic macros with an request + to report that you had to use the escape hatch to the list. + Because we haven't heard from anybody who actually needed to use + the escape hatch, it has been removed, making support of variadic + macros a hard requirement. UI, Workflows & Features @@ -52,6 +58,18 @@ UI, Workflows & Features * The error message given by "git switch HEAD~4" has been clarified to suggest the "--detach" option that is required. + * In sparse-checkouts, files mis-marked as missing from the working tree + could lead to later problems. Such files were hard to discover, and + harder to correct. Automatically detecting and correcting the marking + of such files has been added to avoid these problems. + + * "git cat-file" learns "--batch-command" mode, which is a more + flexible interface than the existing "--batch" or "--batch-check" + modes, to allow different kinds of inquiries made. + + * The level of verbose output from the ort backend during inner merge + has been aligned to that of the recursive backend. + Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. @@ -90,6 +108,20 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. * Use designated initializers we started using in mid 2017 in more parts of the codebase that are relatively quiescent. + * Improve failure case behaviour of xdiff library when memory + allocation fails. + + * General clean-up in reftable implementation, including + clarification of the API documentation, tightening the code to + honor documented length limit, etc. + + * Remove the escape hatch we added when we introduced the weather + balloon to use variadic macros unconditionally, to make it official + that we now have a hard dependency on the feature. + + * Makefile refactoring with a bit of suffixes rule stripping to + optimize the runtime overhead. + Fixes since v2.35 ----------------- @@ -253,6 +285,20 @@ Fixes since v2.35 recorded the last level component of the branch name, which has been corrected. + * "git fetch" can make two separate fetches, but ref updates coming + from them were in two separate ref transactions under "--atomic", + which has been corrected. + + * Check the return value from parse_tree_indirect() to turn segfaults + into calls to die(). + (merge 8d2eaf649a gc/parse-tree-indirect-errors later to maint). + + * Newer version of GPGSM changed its output in a backward + incompatible way to break our code that parses its output. It also + added more processes our tests need to kill when cleaning up. + Adjustments have been made to accommodate these changes. + (merge b0b70d54c4 fs/gpgsm-update later to maint). + * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc. (merge cfc5cf428b jc/find-header later to maint). (merge 40e7cfdd46 jh/p4-fix-use-of-process-error-exception later to maint). @@ -277,3 +323,4 @@ Fixes since v2.35 (merge 332acc248d ds/mailmap later to maint). (merge 04bf052eef ab/grep-patterntype later to maint). (merge 6ee36364eb ab/diff-free-more later to maint). + (merge 63a36017fe nj/read-tree-doc-reffix later to maint). diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt index bf3e512921..f0fb25a371 100644 --- a/Documentation/config.txt +++ b/Documentation/config.txt @@ -503,6 +503,8 @@ include::config/sequencer.txt[] include::config/showbranch.txt[] +include::config/sparse.txt[] + include::config/splitindex.txt[] include::config/ssh.txt[] diff --git a/Documentation/config/sparse.txt b/Documentation/config/sparse.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..aff49a8d3a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/config/sparse.txt @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +sparse.expectFilesOutsideOfPatterns:: + Typically with sparse checkouts, files not matching any + sparsity patterns are marked with a SKIP_WORKTREE bit in the + index and are missing from the working tree. Accordingly, Git + will ordinarily check whether files with the SKIP_WORKTREE bit + are in fact present in the working tree contrary to + expectations. If Git finds any, it marks those paths as + present by clearing the relevant SKIP_WORKTREE bits. This + option can be used to tell Git that such + present-despite-skipped files are expected and to stop + checking for them. ++ +The default is `false`, which allows Git to automatically recover +from the list of files in the index and working tree falling out of +sync. ++ +Set this to `true` if you are in a setup where some external factor +relieves Git of the responsibility for maintaining the consistency +between the presence of working tree files and sparsity patterns. For +example, if you have a Git-aware virtual file system that has a robust +mechanism for keeping the working tree and the sparsity patterns up to +date based on access patterns. ++ +Regardless of this setting, Git does not check for +present-despite-skipped files unless sparse checkout is enabled, so +this config option has no effect unless `core.sparseCheckout` is +`true`. diff --git a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt index bef76f4dd0..70c5b4f12d 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt @@ -96,6 +96,33 @@ OPTIONS need to specify the path, separated by whitespace. See the section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details. +--batch-command:: +--batch-command=<format>:: + Enter a command mode that reads commands and arguments from stdin. May + only be combined with `--buffer`, `--textconv` or `--filters`. In the + case of `--textconv` or `--filters`, the input lines also need to specify + the path, separated by whitespace. See the section `BATCH OUTPUT` below + for details. ++ +`--batch-command` recognizes the following commands: ++ +-- +contents <object>:: + Print object contents for object reference `<object>`. This corresponds to + the output of `--batch`. + +info <object>:: + Print object info for object reference `<object>`. This corresponds to the + output of `--batch-check`. + +flush:: + Used with `--buffer` to execute all preceding commands that were issued + since the beginning or since the last flush was issued. When `--buffer` + is used, no output will come until a `flush` is issued. When `--buffer` + is not used, commands are flushed each time without issuing `flush`. +-- ++ + --batch-all-objects:: Instead of reading a list of objects on stdin, perform the requested batch operation on all objects in the repository and @@ -110,7 +137,7 @@ OPTIONS that a process can interactively read and write from `cat-file`. With this option, the output uses normal stdio buffering; this is much more efficient when invoking - `--batch-check` on a large number of objects. + `--batch-check` or `--batch-command` on a large number of objects. --unordered:: When `--batch-all-objects` is in use, visit objects in an @@ -202,6 +229,13 @@ from stdin, one per line, and print information about them. By default, the whole line is considered as an object, as if it were fed to linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]. +When `--batch-command` is given, `cat-file` will read commands from stdin, +one per line, and print information based on the command given. With +`--batch-command`, the `info` command followed by an object will print +information about the object the same way `--batch-check` would, and the +`contents` command followed by an object prints contents in the same way +`--batch` would. + You can specify the information shown for each object by using a custom `<format>`. The `<format>` is copied literally to stdout for each object, with placeholders of the form `%(atom)` expanded, followed by a @@ -237,9 +271,9 @@ newline. The available atoms are: If no format is specified, the default format is `%(objectname) %(objecttype) %(objectsize)`. -If `--batch` is specified, the object information is followed by the -object contents (consisting of `%(objectsize)` bytes), followed by a -newline. +If `--batch` is specified, or if `--batch-command` is used with the `contents` +command, the object information is followed by the object contents (consisting +of `%(objectsize)` bytes), followed by a newline. For example, `--batch` without a custom format would produce: diff --git a/Documentation/git-help.txt b/Documentation/git-help.txt index 44ea63cc6d..239c68db45 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-help.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-help.txt @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ git-help - Display help information about Git SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git help' [-a|--all [--[no-]verbose]] - [[-i|--info] [-m|--man] [-w|--web]] [<command>|<guide>] +'git help' [-a|--all] [--[no-]verbose] [--[no-]external-commands] [--[no-]aliases] +'git help' [[-i|--info] [-m|--man] [-w|--web]] [<command>|<guide>] 'git help' [-g|--guides] 'git help' [-c|--config] @@ -46,8 +46,15 @@ OPTIONS ------- -a:: --all:: - Prints all the available commands on the standard output. This - option overrides any given command or guide name. + Prints all the available commands on the standard output. + +--no-external-commands:: + When used with `--all`, exclude the listing of external "git-*" + commands found in the `$PATH`. + +--no-aliases:: + When used with `--all`, exclude the listing of configured + aliases. --verbose:: When used with `--all` print description for all recognized diff --git a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt index 8c3aceb832..a5356a230b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt @@ -375,9 +375,14 @@ have finished your work-in-progress), attempt the merge again. SPARSE CHECKOUT --------------- +Note: The `update-index` and `read-tree` primitives for supporting the +skip-worktree bit predated the introduction of +linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1]. Users are encouraged to use +`sparse-checkout` in preference to these low-level primitives. + "Sparse checkout" allows populating the working directory sparsely. -It uses the skip-worktree bit (see linkgit:git-update-index[1]) to tell -Git whether a file in the working directory is worth looking at. +It uses the skip-worktree bit (see linkgit:git-update-index[1]) to +tell Git whether a file in the working directory is worth looking at. 'git read-tree' and other merge-based commands ('git merge', 'git checkout'...) can help maintaining the skip-worktree bitmap and working @@ -385,7 +390,8 @@ directory update. `$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout` is used to define the skip-worktree reference bitmap. When 'git read-tree' needs to update the working directory, it resets the skip-worktree bit in the index based on this file, which uses the same syntax as .gitignore files. -If an entry matches a pattern in this file, skip-worktree will not be +If an entry matches a pattern in this file, or the entry corresponds to +a file present in the working tree, then skip-worktree will not be set on that entry. Otherwise, skip-worktree will be set. Then it compares the new skip-worktree value with the previous one. If @@ -420,8 +426,8 @@ support. SEE ALSO -------- -linkgit:git-write-tree[1]; linkgit:git-ls-files[1]; -linkgit:gitignore[5]; linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1]; +linkgit:git-write-tree[1], linkgit:git-ls-files[1], +linkgit:gitignore[5], linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1] GIT --- diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-remote.txt index 2bebc32566..cde9614e36 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-remote.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-remote.txt @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [verse] 'git remote' [-v | --verbose] 'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--[no-]tags] [--mirror=(fetch|push)] <name> <URL> -'git remote rename' <old> <new> +'git remote rename' [--[no-]progress] <old> <new> 'git remote remove' <name> 'git remote set-head' <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>) 'git remote set-branches' [--add] <name> <branch>... diff --git a/Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt index 94dad137b9..88e55f432f 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt @@ -3,9 +3,7 @@ git-sparse-checkout(1) NAME ---- -git-sparse-checkout - Initialize and modify the sparse-checkout -configuration, which reduces the checkout to a set of paths -given by a list of patterns. +git-sparse-checkout - Reduce your working tree to a subset of tracked files SYNOPSIS @@ -17,8 +15,20 @@ SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ----------- -Initialize and modify the sparse-checkout configuration, which reduces -the checkout to a set of paths given by a list of patterns. +This command is used to create sparse checkouts, which means that it +changes the working tree from having all tracked files present, to only +have a subset of them. It can also switch which subset of files are +present, or undo and go back to having all tracked files present in the +working copy. + +The subset of files is chosen by providing a list of directories in +cone mode (which is recommended), or by providing a list of patterns +in non-cone mode. + +When in a sparse-checkout, other Git commands behave a bit differently. +For example, switching branches will not update paths outside the +sparse-checkout directories/patterns, and `git commit -a` will not record +paths outside the sparse-checkout directories/patterns as deleted. THIS COMMAND IS EXPERIMENTAL. ITS BEHAVIOR, AND THE BEHAVIOR OF OTHER COMMANDS IN THE PRESENCE OF SPARSE-CHECKOUTS, WILL LIKELY CHANGE IN @@ -28,7 +38,7 @@ THE FUTURE. COMMANDS -------- 'list':: - Describe the patterns in the sparse-checkout file. + Describe the directories or patterns in the sparse-checkout file. 'set':: Enable the necessary sparse-checkout config settings @@ -46,20 +56,26 @@ the 'set' subcommand are stored in the worktree-specific sparse-checkout file. See linkgit:git-worktree[1] and the documentation of `extensions.worktreeConfig` in linkgit:git-config[1] for more details. + -When the `--stdin` option is provided, the patterns are read from -standard in as a newline-delimited list instead of from the arguments. +When the `--stdin` option is provided, the directories or patterns are +read from standard in as a newline-delimited list instead of from the +arguments. + When `--cone` is passed or `core.sparseCheckoutCone` is enabled, the -input list is considered a list of directories instead of -sparse-checkout patterns. This allows for better performance with a -limited set of patterns (see 'CONE PATTERN SET' below). Note that the -set command will write patterns to the sparse-checkout file to include -all files contained in those directories (recursively) as well as -files that are siblings of ancestor directories. The input format -matches the output of `git ls-tree --name-only`. This includes -interpreting pathnames that begin with a double quote (") as C-style -quoted strings. This may become the default in the future; --no-cone -can be passed to request non-cone mode. +input list is considered a list of directories. This allows for +better performance with a limited set of patterns (see 'CONE PATTERN +SET' below). The input format matches the output of `git ls-tree +--name-only`. This includes interpreting pathnames that begin with a +double quote (") as C-style quoted strings. Note that the set command +will write patterns to the sparse-checkout file to include all files +contained in those directories (recursively) as well as files that are +siblings of ancestor directories. This may become the default in the +future; --no-cone can be passed to request non-cone mode. ++ +When `--no-cone` is passed or `core.sparseCheckoutCone` is not enabled, +the input list is considered a list of patterns. This mode is harder +to use and less performant, and is thus not recommended. See the +"Sparse Checkout" section of linkgit:git-read-tree[1] and the "Pattern +Set" sections below for more details. + Use the `--[no-]sparse-index` option to use a sparse index (the default is to not use it). A sparse index reduces the size of the @@ -77,11 +93,10 @@ understand the sparse directory entries index extension and may fail to interact with your repository until it is disabled. 'add':: - Update the sparse-checkout file to include additional patterns. - By default, these patterns are read from the command-line arguments, - but they can be read from stdin using the `--stdin` option. When - `core.sparseCheckoutCone` is enabled, the given patterns are interpreted - as directory names as in the 'set' subcommand. + Update the sparse-checkout file to include additional directories + (in cone mode) or patterns (in non-cone mode). By default, these + directories or patterns are read from the command-line arguments, + but they can be read from stdin using the `--stdin` option. 'reapply':: Reapply the sparsity pattern rules to paths in the working tree. @@ -125,13 +140,14 @@ decreased in utility. SPARSE CHECKOUT --------------- -"Sparse checkout" allows populating the working directory sparsely. -It uses the skip-worktree bit (see linkgit:git-update-index[1]) to tell -Git whether a file in the working directory is worth looking at. If -the skip-worktree bit is set, then the file is ignored in the working -directory. Git will avoid populating the contents of those files, which -makes a sparse checkout helpful when working in a repository with many -files, but only a few are important to the current user. +"Sparse checkout" allows populating the working directory sparsely. It +uses the skip-worktree bit (see linkgit:git-update-index[1]) to tell Git +whether a file in the working directory is worth looking at. If the +skip-worktree bit is set, and the file is not present in the working tree, +then its absence is ignored. Git will avoid populating the contents of +those files, which makes a sparse checkout helpful when working in a +repository with many files, but only a few are important to the current +user. The `$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout` file is used to define the skip-worktree reference bitmap. When Git updates the working diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt index 2853f168d9..568dbfe76b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt @@ -351,6 +351,10 @@ unchanged". Note that "assume unchanged" bit is *not* set if the index (use `git update-index --really-refresh` if you want to mark them as "assume unchanged"). +Sometimes users confuse the assume-unchanged bit with the +skip-worktree bit. See the final paragraph in the "Skip-worktree bit" +section below for an explanation of the differences. + EXAMPLES -------- @@ -392,22 +396,47 @@ M foo.c SKIP-WORKTREE BIT ----------------- -Skip-worktree bit can be defined in one (long) sentence: When reading -an entry, if it is marked as skip-worktree, then Git pretends its -working directory version is up to date and read the index version -instead. - -To elaborate, "reading" means checking for file existence, reading -file attributes or file content. The working directory version may be -present or absent. If present, its content may match against the index -version or not. Writing is not affected by this bit, content safety -is still first priority. Note that Git _can_ update working directory -file, that is marked skip-worktree, if it is safe to do so (i.e. -working directory version matches index version) +Skip-worktree bit can be defined in one (long) sentence: Tell git to +avoid writing the file to the working directory when reasonably +possible, and treat the file as unchanged when it is not +present in the working directory. + +Note that not all git commands will pay attention to this bit, and +some only partially support it. + +The update-index flags and the read-tree capabilities relating to the +skip-worktree bit predated the introduction of the +linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1] command, which provides a much easier +way to configure and handle the skip-worktree bits. If you want to +reduce your working tree to only deal with a subset of the files in +the repository, we strongly encourage the use of +linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1] in preference to the low-level +update-index and read-tree primitives. + +The primary purpose of the skip-worktree bit is to enable sparse +checkouts, i.e. to have working directories with only a subset of +paths present. When the skip-worktree bit is set, Git commands (such +as `switch`, `pull`, `merge`) will avoid writing these files. +However, these commands will sometimes write these files anyway in +important cases such as conflicts during a merge or rebase. Git +commands will also avoid treating the lack of such files as an +intentional deletion; for example `git add -u` will not not stage a +deletion for these files and `git commit -a` will not make a commit +deleting them either. Although this bit looks similar to assume-unchanged bit, its goal is -different from assume-unchanged bit's. Skip-worktree also takes -precedence over assume-unchanged bit when both are set. +different. The assume-unchanged bit is for leaving the file in the +working tree but having Git omit checking it for changes and presuming +that the file has not been changed (though if it can determine without +stat'ing the file that it has changed, it is free to record the +changes). skip-worktree tells Git to ignore the absence of the file, +avoid updating it when possible with commands that normally update +much of the working directory (e.g. `checkout`, `switch`, `pull`, +etc.), and not have its absence be recorded in commits. Note that in +sparse checkouts (setup by `git sparse-checkout` or by configuring +core.sparseCheckout to true), if a file is marked as skip-worktree in +the index but is found in the working tree, Git will clear the +skip-worktree bit for that file. SPLIT INDEX ----------- diff --git a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt index 87971c27dd..484b185ba9 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ CHUNK DATA: 2 bits of the lowest byte, storing the 33rd and 34th bit of the commit time. - Generation Data (ID: {'G', 'D', 'A', 'T' }) (N * 4 bytes) [Optional] + Generation Data (ID: {'G', 'D', 'A', '2' }) (N * 4 bytes) [Optional] * This list of 4-byte values store corrected commit date offsets for the commits, arranged in the same order as commit data chunk. * If the corrected commit date offset cannot be stored within 31 bits, @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ CHUNK DATA: by compatible versions of Git and in case of split commit-graph chains, the topmost layer also has Generation Data chunk. - Generation Data Overflow (ID: {'G', 'D', 'O', 'V' }) [Optional] + Generation Data Overflow (ID: {'G', 'D', 'O', '2' }) [Optional] * This list of 8-byte values stores the corrected commit date offsets for commits with corrected commit date offsets that cannot be stored within 31 bits. @@ -156,3 +156,11 @@ CHUNK DATA: TRAILER: H-byte HASH-checksum of all of the above. + +== Historical Notes: + +The Generation Data (GDA2) and Generation Data Overflow (GDO2) chunks have +the number '2' in their chunk IDs because a previous version of Git wrote +possibly erroneous data in these chunks with the IDs "GDAT" and "GDOV". By +changing the IDs, newer versions of Git will silently ignore those older +chunks and write the new information without trusting the incorrect data. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/reftable.txt b/Documentation/technical/reftable.txt index d7c3b645cf..6a67cc4174 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/reftable.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/reftable.txt @@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ Obj block format Object blocks are optional. Writers may choose to omit object blocks, especially if readers will not use the object name to ref mapping. -Object blocks use unique, abbreviated 2-32 object name keys, mapping to +Object blocks use unique, abbreviated 2-31 byte object name keys, mapping to ref blocks containing references pointing to that object directly, or as the peeled value of an annotated tag. Like ref blocks, object blocks use the file's standard block size. The abbreviation length is available in |