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-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt54
-rw-r--r--Documentation/blame-options.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/config.txt24
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-branch.txt7
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-describe.txt15
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-difftool.txt5
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt92
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-gc.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-init.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-name-rev.txt13
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-push.txt13
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-reset.txt48
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-stash.txt5
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-submodule.txt66
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-worktree.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git.txt11
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitattributes.txt10
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitglossary.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt10
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gittutorial.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitworkflows.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/glossary-content.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/rev-list-options.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt86
-rw-r--r--Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt5
32 files changed, 389 insertions, 123 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt
index 0c6eed2007..29154805b4 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt
@@ -131,6 +131,9 @@ UI, Workflows & Features
other than the ones that are expected to be updated (i.e. branches,
remote-tracking branches and notes).
+ * Comes with more command line completion (in contrib/) for recently
+ introduced options.
+
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
@@ -436,6 +439,45 @@ notes for details).
with AsciiDoc. "make USE_ASCIIDOCTOR=YesPlease" to use it out of
the box to document our pages is getting closer to reality.
+ * Correct command line completion (in contrib/) on "git svn"
+ (merge 2cbad17642 ew/complete-svn-authorship-options later to maint).
+
+ * Incorrect usage help message for "git worktree prune" has been fixed.
+ (merge 2488dcab22 ps/worktree-prune-help-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Adjust a perf test to new world order where commands that do
+ require a repository are really strict about having a repository.
+ (merge c86000c1a7 rs/p5302-create-repositories-before-tests later to maint).
+
+ * "git log --graph" did not work well with "--name-only", even though
+ other forms of "diff" output were handled correctly.
+ (merge f5022b5fed jk/log-graph-name-only later to maint).
+
+ * The push-options given via the "--push-options" option were not
+ passed through to external remote helpers such as "smart HTTP" that
+ are invoked via the transport helper.
+
+ * The documentation explained what "git stash" does to the working
+ tree (after stashing away the local changes) in terms of "reset
+ --hard", which was exposing an unnecessary implementation detail.
+ (merge 20a7e06172 tg/stash-doc-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * When "git p4" imports changelist that removes paths, it failed to
+ convert pathnames when the p4 used encoding different from the one
+ used on the Git side. This has been corrected.
+ (merge a8b05162e8 ls/p4-path-encoding later to maint).
+
+ * A new coccinelle rule that catches a check of !pointer before the
+ pointer is free(3)d, which most likely is a bug.
+ (merge ec6cd14c7a rs/cocci-check-free-only-null later to maint).
+
+ * "ls-files" run with pathspec has been micro-optimized to avoid
+ having to memmove(3) unnecessary bytes.
+ (merge 96f6d3f61a rs/ls-files-partial-optim later to maint).
+
+ * A hotfix for a topic already in 'master'.
+ (merge a4d92d579f js/mingw-isatty later to maint).
+
* Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
(merge f2627d9b19 sb/submodule-config-cleanup later to maint).
(merge 384f1a167b sb/unpack-trees-cleanup later to maint).
@@ -444,3 +486,15 @@ notes for details).
(merge 0aaad415bc rs/absolute-pathdup later to maint).
(merge 4432dd6b5b rs/receive-pack-cleanup later to maint).
(merge 540a398e9c sg/mailmap-self later to maint).
+ (merge 209df269a6 nd/rev-list-all-includes-HEAD-doc later to maint).
+ (merge 941b9c5270 sb/doc-unify-bottom later to maint).
+ (merge 2aaf37b62c jk/doc-remote-helpers-markup-fix later to maint).
+ (merge e91461b332 jk/doc-submodule-markup-fix later to maint).
+ (merge 8ab9740d9f dp/submodule-doc-markup-fix later to maint).
+ (merge 0838cbc22f jk/tempfile-ferror-fclose-confusion later to maint).
+ (merge 115a40add6 dr/doc-check-ref-format-normalize later to maint).
+ (merge 133f0a299d gp/document-dotfiles-in-templates-are-not-copied later to maint).
+ (merge 2b35a9f4c7 bc/blame-doc-fix later to maint).
+ (merge 7e82388024 ps/doc-gc-aggressive-depth-update later to maint).
+ (merge 9993a7c5f1 bc/worktree-doc-fix-detached later to maint).
+ (merge e519eccdf4 rt/align-add-i-help-text later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/blame-options.txt b/Documentation/blame-options.txt
index 2669b87c9d..dc41957afa 100644
--- a/Documentation/blame-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/blame-options.txt
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ include::line-range-format.txt[]
terminal. Can't use `--progress` together with `--porcelain`
or `--incremental`.
--M|<num>|::
+-M[<num>]::
Detect moved or copied lines within a file. When a commit
moves or copies a block of lines (e.g. the original file
has A and then B, and the commit changes it to B and then
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ alphanumeric characters that Git must detect as moving/copying
within a file for it to associate those lines with the parent
commit. The default value is 20.
--C|<num>|::
+-C[<num>]::
In addition to `-M`, detect lines moved or copied from other
files that were modified in the same commit. This is
useful when you reorganize your program and move code
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index fc5a28a320..47603f5484 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -1402,6 +1402,12 @@ gc.autoDetach::
Make `git gc --auto` return immediately and run in background
if the system supports it. Default is true.
+gc.logExpiry::
+ If the file gc.log exists, then `git gc --auto` won't run
+ unless that file is more than 'gc.logExpiry' old. Default is
+ "1.day". See `gc.pruneExpire` for more ways to specify its
+ value.
+
gc.packRefs::
Running `git pack-refs` in a repository renders it
unclonable by Git versions prior to 1.5.1.2 over dumb
@@ -1919,7 +1925,10 @@ http.<url>.*::
must match exactly between the config key and the URL.
. Host/domain name (e.g., `example.com` in `https://example.com/`).
- This field must match exactly between the config key and the URL.
+ This field must match between the config key and the URL. It is
+ possible to specify a `*` as part of the host name to match all subdomains
+ at this level. `https://*.example.com/` for example would match
+ `https://foo.example.com/`, but not `https://foo.bar.example.com/`.
. Port number (e.g., `8080` in `http://example.com:8080/`).
This field must match exactly between the config key and the URL.
@@ -1954,6 +1963,17 @@ Environment variable settings always override any matches. The URLs that are
matched against are those given directly to Git commands. This means any URLs
visited as a result of a redirection do not participate in matching.
+ssh.variant::
+ Depending on the value of the environment variables `GIT_SSH` or
+ `GIT_SSH_COMMAND`, or the config setting `core.sshCommand`, Git
+ auto-detects whether to adjust its command-line parameters for use
+ with plink or tortoiseplink, as opposed to the default (OpenSSH).
++
+The config variable `ssh.variant` can be set to override this auto-detection;
+valid values are `ssh`, `plink`, `putty` or `tortoiseplink`. Any other value
+will be treated as normal ssh. This setting can be overridden via the
+environment variable `GIT_SSH_VARIANT`.
+
i18n.commitEncoding::
Character encoding the commit messages are stored in; Git itself
does not care per se, but this information is necessary e.g. when
@@ -2949,7 +2969,7 @@ submodule.alternateLocation::
value is set to `superproject` the submodule to be cloned computes
its alternates location relative to the superprojects alternate.
-submodule.alternateErrorStrategy
+submodule.alternateErrorStrategy::
Specifies how to treat errors with the alternates for a submodule
as computed via `submodule.alternateLocation`. Possible values are
`ignore`, `info`, `die`. Default is `die`.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
index 28d46cc03b..092f1bcf9f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
[--list] [-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]]
[--column[=<options>] | --no-column]
[(--merged | --no-merged | --contains) [<commit>]] [--sort=<key>]
- [--points-at <object>] [<pattern>...]
+ [--points-at <object>] [--format=<format>] [<pattern>...]
'git branch' [--set-upstream | --track | --no-track] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
'git branch' (--set-upstream-to=<upstream> | -u <upstream>) [<branchname>]
'git branch' --unset-upstream [<branchname>]
@@ -253,6 +253,11 @@ start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch.
--points-at <object>::
Only list branches of the given object.
+--format <format>::
+ A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from the object
+ pointed at by a ref being shown. The format is the same as
+ that of linkgit:git-for-each-ref[1].
+
Examples
--------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
index 8611a99120..92777cef25 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
@@ -100,10 +100,10 @@ OPTIONS
--normalize::
Normalize 'refname' by removing any leading slash (`/`)
characters and collapsing runs of adjacent slashes between
- name components into a single slash. Iff the normalized
+ name components into a single slash. If the normalized
refname is valid then print it to standard output and exit
- with a status of 0. (`--print` is a deprecated way to spell
- `--normalize`.)
+ with a status of 0, otherwise exit with a non-zero status.
+ (`--print` is a deprecated way to spell `--normalize`.)
EXAMPLES
diff --git a/Documentation/git-describe.txt b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
index e4ac448ff5..8755f3af7b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-describe.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
@@ -83,7 +83,20 @@ OPTIONS
--match <pattern>::
Only consider tags matching the given `glob(7)` pattern,
excluding the "refs/tags/" prefix. This can be used to avoid
- leaking private tags from the repository.
+ leaking private tags from the repository. If given multiple times, a
+ list of patterns will be accumulated, and tags matching any of the
+ patterns will be considered. Use `--no-match` to clear and reset the
+ list of patterns.
+
+--exclude <pattern>::
+ Do not consider tags matching the given `glob(7)` pattern, excluding
+ the "refs/tags/" prefix. This can be used to narrow the tag space and
+ find only tags matching some meaningful criteria. If given multiple
+ times, a list of patterns will be accumulated and tags matching any
+ of the patterns will be excluded. When combined with --match a tag will
+ be considered when it matches at least one --match pattern and does not
+ match any of the --exclude patterns. Use `--no-exclude` to clear and
+ reset the list of patterns.
--always::
Show uniquely abbreviated commit object as fallback.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
index 224fb3090b..96c26e6aa8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
@@ -86,10 +86,11 @@ instead. `--no-symlinks` is the default on Windows.
Additionally, `$BASE` is set in the environment.
-g::
---gui::
+--[no-]gui::
When 'git-difftool' is invoked with the `-g` or `--gui` option
the default diff tool will be read from the configured
- `diff.guitool` variable instead of `diff.tool`.
+ `diff.guitool` variable instead of `diff.tool`. The `--no-gui`
+ option can be used to override this setting.
--[no-]trust-exit-code::
'git-difftool' invokes a diff tool individually on each file.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
index abe13f3bed..111e1be6f5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
@@ -95,11 +95,20 @@ refname::
The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/).
For a non-ambiguous short name of the ref append `:short`.
The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
- abbreviation mode. If `strip=<N>` is appended, strips `<N>`
- slash-separated path components from the front of the refname
- (e.g., `%(refname:strip=2)` turns `refs/tags/foo` into `foo`.
- `<N>` must be a positive integer. If a displayed ref has fewer
- components than `<N>`, the command aborts with an error.
+ abbreviation mode. If `lstrip=<N>` (`rstrip=<N>`) is appended, strips `<N>`
+ slash-separated path components from the front (back) of the refname
+ (e.g. `%(refname:lstrip=2)` turns `refs/tags/foo` into `foo` and
+ `%(refname:rstrip=2)` turns `refs/tags/foo` into `refs`).
+ If `<N>` is a negative number, strip as many path components as
+ necessary from the specified end to leave `-<N>` path components
+ (e.g. `%(refname:lstrip=-2)` turns
+ `refs/tags/foo` into `tags/foo` and `%(refname:rstrip=-1)`
+ turns `refs/tags/foo` into `refs`). When the ref does not have
+ enough components, the result becomes an empty string if
+ stripping with positive <N>, or it becomes the full refname if
+ stripping with negative <N>. Neither is an error.
++
+`strip` can be used as a synomym to `lstrip`.
objecttype::
The type of the object (`blob`, `tree`, `commit`, `tag`).
@@ -110,21 +119,31 @@ objectsize::
objectname::
The object name (aka SHA-1).
For a non-ambiguous abbreviation of the object name append `:short`.
+ For an abbreviation of the object name with desired length append
+ `:short=<length>`, where the minimum length is MINIMUM_ABBREV. The
+ length may be exceeded to ensure unique object names.
upstream::
The name of a local ref which can be considered ``upstream''
- from the displayed ref. Respects `:short` in the same way as
- `refname` above. Additionally respects `:track` to show
- "[ahead N, behind M]" and `:trackshort` to show the terse
- version: ">" (ahead), "<" (behind), "<>" (ahead and behind),
- or "=" (in sync). Has no effect if the ref does not have
- tracking information associated with it.
+ from the displayed ref. Respects `:short`, `:lstrip` and
+ `:rstrip` in the same way as `refname` above. Additionally
+ respects `:track` to show "[ahead N, behind M]" and
+ `:trackshort` to show the terse version: ">" (ahead), "<"
+ (behind), "<>" (ahead and behind), or "=" (in sync). `:track`
+ also prints "[gone]" whenever unknown upstream ref is
+ encountered. Append `:track,nobracket` to show tracking
+ information without brackets (i.e "ahead N, behind M"). Has
+ no effect if the ref does not have tracking information
+ associated with it. All the options apart from `nobracket`
+ are mutually exclusive, but if used together the last option
+ is selected.
push::
- The name of a local ref which represents the `@{push}` location
- for the displayed ref. Respects `:short`, `:track`, and
- `:trackshort` options as `upstream` does. Produces an empty
- string if no `@{push}` ref is configured.
+ The name of a local ref which represents the `@{push}`
+ location for the displayed ref. Respects `:short`, `:lstrip`,
+ `:rstrip`, `:track`, and `:trackshort` options as `upstream`
+ does. Produces an empty string if no `@{push}` ref is
+ configured.
HEAD::
'*' if HEAD matches current ref (the checked out branch), ' '
@@ -149,6 +168,25 @@ align::
quoted, but if nested then only the topmost level performs
quoting.
+if::
+ Used as %(if)...%(then)...%(end) or
+ %(if)...%(then)...%(else)...%(end). If there is an atom with
+ value or string literal after the %(if) then everything after
+ the %(then) is printed, else if the %(else) atom is used, then
+ everything after %(else) is printed. We ignore space when
+ evaluating the string before %(then), this is useful when we
+ use the %(HEAD) atom which prints either "*" or " " and we
+ want to apply the 'if' condition only on the 'HEAD' ref.
+ Append ":equals=<string>" or ":notequals=<string>" to compare
+ the value between the %(if:...) and %(then) atoms with the
+ given string.
+
+symref::
+ The ref which the given symbolic ref refers to. If not a
+ symbolic ref, nothing is printed. Respects the `:short`,
+ `:lstrip` and `:rstrip` options in the same way as `refname`
+ above.
+
In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
field names (`tree`, `parent`, `object`, `type`, and `tag`) can
be used to specify the value in the header field.
@@ -186,6 +224,14 @@ As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for
the date by adding `:` followed by date format name (see the
values the `--date` option to linkgit:git-rev-list[1] takes).
+Some atoms like %(align) and %(if) always require a matching %(end).
+We call them "opening atoms" and sometimes denote them as %($open).
+
+When a scripting language specific quoting is in effect, everything
+between a top-level opening atom and its matching %(end) is evaluated
+according to the semantics of the opening atom and only its result
+from the top-level is quoted.
+
EXAMPLES
--------
@@ -273,6 +319,22 @@ eval=`git for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
eval "$eval"
------------
+
+An example to show the usage of %(if)...%(then)...%(else)...%(end).
+This prefixes the current branch with a star.
+
+------------
+git for-each-ref --format="%(if)%(HEAD)%(then)* %(else) %(end)%(refname:short)" refs/heads/
+------------
+
+
+An example to show the usage of %(if)...%(then)...%(end).
+This prints the authorname, if present.
+
+------------
+git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)%(if)%(authorname)%(then) Authored by: %(authorname)%(end)"
+------------
+
SEE ALSO
--------
linkgit:git-show-ref[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gc.txt b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
index 852b72c679..571b5a7e3c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ the documentation for the --window' option in linkgit:git-repack[1] for
more details. This defaults to 250.
Similarly, the optional configuration variable `gc.aggressiveDepth`
-controls --depth option in linkgit:git-repack[1]. This defaults to 250.
+controls --depth option in linkgit:git-repack[1]. This defaults to 50.
The optional configuration variable `gc.pruneExpire` controls how old
the unreferenced loose objects have to be before they are pruned. The
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init.txt b/Documentation/git-init.txt
index 9d27197de8..3c5a67fb96 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init.txt
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ does not exist, it will be created.
TEMPLATE DIRECTORY
------------------
-The template directory contains files and directories that will be copied to
-the `$GIT_DIR` after it is created.
+Files and directories in the template directory whose name do not start with a
+dot will be copied to the `$GIT_DIR` after it is created.
The template directory will be one of the following (in order):
diff --git a/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt b/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
index ca28fb8e2a..e8e68f528c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt
@@ -26,7 +26,18 @@ OPTIONS
--refs=<pattern>::
Only use refs whose names match a given shell pattern. The pattern
- can be one of branch name, tag name or fully qualified ref name.
+ can be one of branch name, tag name or fully qualified ref name. If
+ given multiple times, use refs whose names match any of the given shell
+ patterns. Use `--no-refs` to clear any previous ref patterns given.
+
+--exclude=<pattern>::
+ Do not use any ref whose name matches a given shell pattern. The
+ pattern can be one of branch name, tag name or fully qualified ref
+ name. If given multiple times, a ref will be excluded when it matches
+ any of the given patterns. When used together with --refs, a ref will
+ be used as a match only when it matches at least one --refs pattern and
+ does not match any --exclude patterns. Use `--no-exclude` to clear the
+ list of exclude patterns.
--all::
List all commits reachable from all refs
diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt
index 8eefabd0d1..1624a35888 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ origin +master` to force a push to the `master` branch). See the
standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
--no-recurse-submodules::
---recurse-submodules=check|on-demand|no::
+--recurse-submodules=check|on-demand|only|no::
May be used to make sure all submodule commits used by the
revisions to be pushed are available on a remote-tracking branch.
If 'check' is used Git will verify that all submodule commits that
@@ -280,11 +280,12 @@ origin +master` to force a push to the `master` branch). See the
remote of the submodule. If any commits are missing the push will
be aborted and exit with non-zero status. If 'on-demand' is used
all submodules that changed in the revisions to be pushed will be
- pushed. If on-demand was not able to push all necessary revisions
- it will also be aborted and exit with non-zero status. A value of
- 'no' or using `--no-recurse-submodules` can be used to override the
- push.recurseSubmodules configuration variable when no submodule
- recursion is required.
+ pushed. If on-demand was not able to push all necessary revisions it will
+ also be aborted and exit with non-zero status. If 'only' is used all
+ submodules will be recursively pushed while the superproject is left
+ unpushed. A value of 'no' or using `--no-recurse-submodules` can be used
+ to override the push.recurseSubmodules configuration variable when no
+ submodule recursion is required.
--[no-]verify::
Toggle the pre-push hook (see linkgit:githooks[5]). The
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reset.txt b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
index 25432d9257..8a21198d65 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reset.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
@@ -292,6 +292,54 @@ $ git reset --keep start <3>
<3> But you can use "reset --keep" to remove the unwanted commit after
you switched to "branch2".
+Split a commit apart into a sequence of commits::
++
+Suppose that you have created lots of logically separate changes and commited
+them together. Then, later you decide that it might be better to have each
+logical chunk associated with its own commit. You can use git reset to rewind
+history without changing the contents of your local files, and then successively
+use `git add -p` to interactively select which hunks to include into each commit,
+using `git commit -c` to pre-populate the commit message.
++
+------------
+$ git reset -N HEAD^ <1>
+$ git add -p <2>
+$ git diff --cached <3>
+$ git commit -c HEAD@{1} <4>
+... <5>
+$ git add ... <6>
+$ git diff --cached <7>
+$ git commit ... <8>
+------------
++
+<1> First, reset the history back one commit so that we remove the original
+ commit, but leave the working tree with all the changes. The -N ensures
+ that any new files added with HEAD are still marked so that git add -p
+ will find them.
+<2> Next, we interactively select diff hunks to add using the git add -p
+ facility. This will ask you about each diff hunk in sequence and you can
+ use simple commands such as "yes, include this", "No don't include this"
+ or even the very powerful "edit" facility.
+<3> Once satisfied with the hunks you want to include, you should verify what
+ has been prepared for the first commit by using git diff --cached. This
+ shows all the changes that have been moved into the index and are about
+ to be committed.
+<4> Next, commit the changes stored in the index. The -c option specifies to
+ pre-populate the commit message from the original message that you started
+ with in the first commit. This is helpful to avoid retyping it. The HEAD@{1}
+ is a special notation for the commit that HEAD used to be at prior to the
+ original reset commit (1 change ago). See linkgit:git-reflog[1] for more
+ details. You may also use any other valid commit reference.
+<5> You can repeat steps 2-4 multiple times to break the original code into
+ any number of commits.
+<6> Now you've split out many of the changes into their own commits, and might
+ no longer use the patch mode of git add, in order to select all remaining
+ uncommitted changes.
+<7> Once again, check to verify that you've included what you want to. You may
+ also wish to verify that git diff doesn't show any remaining changes to be
+ committed later.
+<8> And finally create the final commit.
+
DISCUSSION
----------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
index 7241e96893..91c02b8c85 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
@@ -217,6 +217,10 @@ If `$GIT_DIR` is not defined and the current directory
is not detected to lie in a Git repository or work tree
print a message to stderr and exit with nonzero status.
+--absolute-git-dir::
+ Like `--git-dir`, but its output is always the canonicalized
+ absolute path.
+
--git-common-dir::
Show `$GIT_COMMON_DIR` if defined, else `$GIT_DIR`.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stash.txt b/Documentation/git-stash.txt
index 2e9cef06e6..2e9e344cd7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-stash.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-stash.txt
@@ -47,8 +47,9 @@ OPTIONS
save [-p|--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]::
- Save your local modifications to a new 'stash', and run `git reset
- --hard` to revert them. The <message> part is optional and gives
+ Save your local modifications to a new 'stash' and roll them
+ back to HEAD (in the working tree and in the index).
+ The <message> part is optional and gives
the description along with the stashed state. For quickly making
a snapshot, you can omit _both_ "save" and <message>, but giving
only <message> does not trigger this action to prevent a misspelled
diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
index 918bd1d1bd..8acc72ebb8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
@@ -9,17 +9,12 @@ git-submodule - Initialize, update or inspect submodules
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] add [-b <branch>] [-f|--force] [--name <name>]
- [--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] add [<options>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] (--all|[--] <path>...)
-'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch]
- [--[no-]recommend-shallow] [-f|--force] [--rebase|--merge]
- [--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--recursive]
- [--jobs <n>] [--] [<path>...]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [(-n|--summary-limit) <n>]
- [commit] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] update [<options>] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [<options>] [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command>
'git submodule' [--quiet] sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] absorbgitdirs [--] [<path>...]
@@ -63,7 +58,7 @@ if you choose to go that route.
COMMANDS
--------
-add::
+add [-b <branch>] [-f|--force] [--name <name>] [--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<path>]::
Add the given repository as a submodule at the given path
to the changeset to be committed next to the current
project: the current project is termed the "superproject".
@@ -104,7 +99,7 @@ together in the same relative location, and only the
superproject's URL needs to be provided: git-submodule will correctly
locate the submodule using the relative URL in .gitmodules.
-status::
+status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]::
Show the status of the submodules. This will print the SHA-1 of the
currently checked out commit for each submodule, along with the
submodule path and the output of 'git describe' for the
@@ -121,7 +116,7 @@ submodules with respect to the commit recorded in the index or the HEAD,
linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-diff[1] will provide that information
too (and can also report changes to a submodule's work tree).
-init::
+init [--] [<path>...]::
Initialize the submodules recorded in the index (which were
added and committed elsewhere) by copying submodule
names and urls from .gitmodules to .git/config.
@@ -136,7 +131,7 @@ init::
the explicit 'init' step if you do not intend to customize
any submodule locations.
-deinit::
+deinit [-f|--force] (--all|[--] <path>...)::
Unregister the given submodules, i.e. remove the whole
`submodule.$name` section from .git/config together with their work
tree. Further calls to `git submodule update`, `git submodule foreach`
@@ -152,20 +147,20 @@ instead of deinit-ing everything, to prevent mistakes.
If `--force` is specified, the submodule's working tree will
be removed even if it contains local modifications.
-update::
+update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch] [--[no-]recommend-shallow] [-f|--force] [--checkout|--rebase|--merge] [--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--jobs <n>] [--] [<path>...]::
+
--
Update the registered submodules to match what the superproject
expects by cloning missing submodules and updating the working tree of
the submodules. The "updating" can be done in several ways depending
on command line options and the value of `submodule.<name>.update`
-configuration variable. Supported update procedures are:
+configuration variable. The command line option takes precedence over
+the configuration variable. if neither is given, a checkout is performed.
+update procedures supported both from the command line as well as setting
+`submodule.<name>.update`:
checkout;; the commit recorded in the superproject will be
- checked out in the submodule on a detached HEAD. This is
- done when `--checkout` option is given, or no option is
- given, and `submodule.<name>.update` is unset, or if it is
- set to 'checkout'.
+ checked out in the submodule on a detached HEAD.
+
If `--force` is specified, the submodule will be checked out (using
`git checkout --force` if appropriate), even if the commit specified
@@ -173,23 +168,21 @@ in the index of the containing repository already matches the commit
checked out in the submodule.
rebase;; the current branch of the submodule will be rebased
- onto the commit recorded in the superproject. This is done
- when `--rebase` option is given, or no option is given, and
- `submodule.<name>.update` is set to 'rebase'.
+ onto the commit recorded in the superproject.
merge;; the commit recorded in the superproject will be merged
- into the current branch in the submodule. This is done
- when `--merge` option is given, or no option is given, and
- `submodule.<name>.update` is set to 'merge'.
+ into the current branch in the submodule.
+
+The following procedures are only available via the `submodule.<name>.update`
+configuration variable:
custom command;; arbitrary shell command that takes a single
argument (the sha1 of the commit recorded in the
- superproject) is executed. This is done when no option is
- given, and `submodule.<name>.update` has the form of
- '!command'.
+ superproject) is executed. When `submodule.<name>.update`
+ is set to '!command', the remainder after the exclamation mark
+ is the custom command.
-When no option is given and `submodule.<name>.update` is set to 'none',
-the submodule is not updated.
+ none;; the submodule is not updated.
If the submodule is not yet initialized, and you just want to use the
setting as stored in .gitmodules, you can automatically initialize the
@@ -198,7 +191,7 @@ submodule with the `--init` option.
If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into the
registered submodules, and update any nested submodules within.
--
-summary::
+summary [--cached|--files] [(-n|--summary-limit) <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...]::
Show commit summary between the given commit (defaults to HEAD) and
working tree/index. For a submodule in question, a series of commits
in the submodule between the given super project commit and the
@@ -211,7 +204,7 @@ summary::
Using the `--submodule=log` option with linkgit:git-diff[1] will provide that
information too.
-foreach::
+foreach [--recursive] <command>::
Evaluates an arbitrary shell command in each checked out submodule.
The command has access to the variables $name, $path, $sha1 and
$toplevel:
@@ -228,11 +221,14 @@ foreach::
the processing to terminate. This can be overridden by adding '|| :'
to the end of the command.
+
-As an example, +git submodule foreach \'echo $path {backtick}git
-rev-parse HEAD{backtick}'+ will show the path and currently checked out
-commit for each submodule.
+As an example, the command below will show the path and currently
+checked out commit for each submodule:
++
+--------------
+git submodule foreach 'echo $path `git rev-parse HEAD`'
+--------------
-sync::
+sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]::
Synchronizes submodules' remote URL configuration setting
to the value specified in .gitmodules. It will only affect those
submodules which already have a URL entry in .git/config (that is the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-worktree.txt b/Documentation/git-worktree.txt
index e257c19ebe..553cf8413f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-worktree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-worktree.txt
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ is linked to the current repository, sharing everything except working
directory specific files such as HEAD, index, etc. `-` may also be
specified as `<branch>`; it is synonymous with `@{-1}`.
+
-If `<branch>` is omitted and neither `-b` nor `-B` nor `--detached` used,
+If `<branch>` is omitted and neither `-b` nor `-B` nor `--detach` used,
then, as a convenience, a new branch based at HEAD is created automatically,
as if `-b $(basename <path>)` was specified.
diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index 4f208fab92..df0941d456 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -44,6 +44,11 @@ unreleased) version of Git, that is available from the 'master'
branch of the `git.git` repository.
Documentation for older releases are available here:
+* link:v2.12.0/git.html[documentation for release 2.12.0]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/2.12.0.txt[2.12].
+
* link:v2.11.1/git.html[documentation for release 2.11.1]
* release notes for
@@ -1020,6 +1025,12 @@ Usually it is easier to configure any desired options through your
personal `.ssh/config` file. Please consult your ssh documentation
for further details.
+`GIT_SSH_VARIANT`::
+ If this environment variable is set, it overrides Git's autodetection
+ whether `GIT_SSH`/`GIT_SSH_COMMAND`/`core.sshCommand` refer to OpenSSH,
+ plink or tortoiseplink. This variable overrides the config setting
+ `ssh.variant` that serves the same purpose.
+
`GIT_ASKPASS`::
If this environment variable is set, then Git commands which need to
acquire passwords or passphrases (e.g. for HTTP or IMAP authentication)
diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
index e0b66c1220..a53d093ca1 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
@@ -21,9 +21,11 @@ Each line in `gitattributes` file is of form:
pattern attr1 attr2 ...
That is, a pattern followed by an attributes list,
-separated by whitespaces. When the pattern matches the
-path in question, the attributes listed on the line are given to
-the path.
+separated by whitespaces. Leading and trailing whitespaces are
+ignored. Lines that begin with '#' are ignored. Patterns
+that begin with a double quote are quoted in C style.
+When the pattern matches the path in question, the attributes
+listed on the line are given to the path.
Each attribute can be in one of these states for a given path:
@@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ is either not set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/attributes is used instead.
Attributes for all users on a system should be placed in the
`$(prefix)/etc/gitattributes` file.
-Sometimes you would need to override an setting of an attribute
+Sometimes you would need to override a setting of an attribute
for a path to `Unspecified` state. This can be done by listing
the name of the attribute prefixed with an exclamation point `!`.
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
index 22309cfb48..3a0ec8c53a 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
@@ -1658,4 +1658,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
GIT
---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt b/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
index 4c6143c511..1cd1283d0f 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
@@ -203,4 +203,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
GIT
---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
index 08cf62278e..46bc6d077c 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
@@ -288,4 +288,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
GIT
---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitglossary.txt b/Documentation/gitglossary.txt
index 212e254adc..571f640f5c 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitglossary.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitglossary.txt
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
GIT
---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt b/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt
index 9e8681f9e1..e4b785eb60 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt
@@ -452,16 +452,20 @@ set by Git if the remote helper has the 'option' capability.
Request the helper to perform a force update. Defaults to
'false'.
-'option cloning {'true'|'false'}::
+'option cloning' {'true'|'false'}::
Notify the helper this is a clone request (i.e. the current
repository is guaranteed empty).
-'option update-shallow {'true'|'false'}::
+'option update-shallow' {'true'|'false'}::
Allow to extend .git/shallow if the new refs require it.
-'option pushcert {'true'|'false'}::
+'option pushcert' {'true'|'false'}::
GPG sign pushes.
+'option push-option <string>::
+ Transmit <string> as a push option. As the a push option
+ must not contain LF or NUL characters, the string is not encoded.
+
SEE ALSO
--------
linkgit:git-remote[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
index a5f99cbb11..f51ed4e37c 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
@@ -289,4 +289,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
GIT
---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
index 30d2119565..e0976f6017 100644
--- a/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
@@ -433,4 +433,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
GIT
---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gittutorial.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
index b3b58d324e..794b83393e 100644
--- a/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
@@ -674,4 +674,4 @@ link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
GIT
---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
index f16c414ea7..177610e44e 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
@@ -477,4 +477,4 @@ linkgit:git-am[1]
GIT
---
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
index 8ad29e61a9..fc9320e59e 100644
--- a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
+++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
@@ -386,8 +386,10 @@ Glob magic is incompatible with literal magic.
exclude;;
After a path matches any non-exclude pathspec, it will be run
- through all exclude pathspec (magic signature: `!`). If it
- matches, the path is ignored.
+ through all exclude pathspec (magic signature: `!` or its
+ synonym `^`). If it matches, the path is ignored. When there
+ is no non-exclude pathspec, the exclusion is applied to the
+ result set as if invoked without any pathspec.
--
[[def_parent]]parent::
diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
index 5da7cf5a8d..a02f7324c0 100644
--- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
@@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ parents) and `--max-parents=-1` (negative numbers denote no upper limit).
for all following revision specifiers, up to the next `--not`.
--all::
- Pretend as if all the refs in `refs/` are listed on the
- command line as '<commit>'.
+ Pretend as if all the refs in `refs/`, along with `HEAD`, are
+ listed on the command line as '<commit>'.
--branches[=<pattern>]::
Pretend as if all the refs in `refs/heads` are listed
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt
index 2602668677..e7cbb7c13a 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt
@@ -16,10 +16,15 @@ Data Structure
of no interest to the calling programs. The name of the
attribute can be retrieved by calling `git_attr_name()`.
-`struct git_attr_check`::
+`struct attr_check_item`::
- This structure represents a set of attributes to check in a call
- to `git_check_attr()` function, and receives the results.
+ This structure represents one attribute and its value.
+
+`struct attr_check`::
+
+ This structure represents a collection of `attr_check_item`.
+ It is passed to `git_check_attr()` function, specifying the
+ attributes to check, and receives their values.
Attribute Values
@@ -27,7 +32,7 @@ Attribute Values
An attribute for a path can be in one of four states: Set, Unset,
Unspecified or set to a string, and `.value` member of `struct
-git_attr_check` records it. There are three macros to check these:
+attr_check_item` records it. There are three macros to check these:
`ATTR_TRUE()`::
@@ -48,49 +53,51 @@ value of the attribute for the path.
Querying Specific Attributes
----------------------------
-* Prepare an array of `struct git_attr_check` to define the list of
- attributes you would want to check. To populate this array, you would
- need to define necessary attributes by calling `git_attr()` function.
+* Prepare `struct attr_check` using attr_check_initl()
+ function, enumerating the names of attributes whose values you are
+ interested in, terminated with a NULL pointer. Alternatively, an
+ empty `struct attr_check` can be prepared by calling
+ `attr_check_alloc()` function and then attributes you want to
+ ask about can be added to it with `attr_check_append()`
+ function.
* Call `git_check_attr()` to check the attributes for the path.
-* Inspect `git_attr_check` structure to see how each of the attribute in
- the array is defined for the path.
+* Inspect `attr_check` structure to see how each of the
+ attribute in the array is defined for the path.
Example
-------
-To see how attributes "crlf" and "indent" are set for different paths.
+To see how attributes "crlf" and "ident" are set for different paths.
-. Prepare an array of `struct git_attr_check` with two elements (because
- we are checking two attributes). Initialize their `attr` member with
- pointers to `struct git_attr` obtained by calling `git_attr()`:
+. Prepare a `struct attr_check` with two elements (because
+ we are checking two attributes):
------------
-static struct git_attr_check check[2];
+static struct attr_check *check;
static void setup_check(void)
{
- if (check[0].attr)
+ if (check)
return; /* already done */
- check[0].attr = git_attr("crlf");
- check[1].attr = git_attr("ident");
+ check = attr_check_initl("crlf", "ident", NULL);
}
------------
-. Call `git_check_attr()` with the prepared array of `struct git_attr_check`:
+. Call `git_check_attr()` with the prepared `struct attr_check`:
------------
const char *path;
setup_check();
- git_check_attr(path, ARRAY_SIZE(check), check);
+ git_check_attr(path, check);
------------
-. Act on `.value` member of the result, left in `check[]`:
+. Act on `.value` member of the result, left in `check->items[]`:
------------
- const char *value = check[0].value;
+ const char *value = check->items[0].value;
if (ATTR_TRUE(value)) {
The attribute is Set, by listing only the name of the
@@ -109,20 +116,39 @@ static void setup_check(void)
}
------------
+To see how attributes in argv[] are set for different paths, only
+the first step in the above would be different.
+
+------------
+static struct attr_check *check;
+static void setup_check(const char **argv)
+{
+ check = attr_check_alloc();
+ while (*argv) {
+ struct git_attr *attr = git_attr(*argv);
+ attr_check_append(check, attr);
+ argv++;
+ }
+}
+------------
+
Querying All Attributes
-----------------------
To get the values of all attributes associated with a file:
-* Call `git_all_attrs()`, which returns an array of `git_attr_check`
- structures.
+* Prepare an empty `attr_check` structure by calling
+ `attr_check_alloc()`.
+
+* Call `git_all_attrs()`, which populates the `attr_check`
+ with the attributes attached to the path.
-* Iterate over the `git_attr_check` array to examine the attribute
- names and values. The name of the attribute described by a
- `git_attr_check` object can be retrieved via
- `git_attr_name(check[i].attr)`. (Please note that no items will be
- returned for unset attributes, so `ATTR_UNSET()` will return false
- for all returned `git_array_check` objects.)
+* Iterate over the `attr_check.items[]` array to examine
+ the attribute names and values. The name of the attribute
+ described by a `attr_check.items[]` object can be retrieved via
+ `git_attr_name(check->items[i].attr)`. (Please note that no items
+ will be returned for unset attributes, so `ATTR_UNSET()` will return
+ false for all returned `attr_check.items[]` objects.)
-* Free the `git_array_check` array.
+* Free the `attr_check` struct by calling `attr_check_free()`.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
index 27bd701c0d..36768b479e 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
@@ -168,6 +168,11 @@ There are some macros to easily define options:
Introduce an option with string argument.
The string argument is put into `str_var`.
+`OPT_STRING_LIST(short, long, &struct string_list, arg_str, description)`::
+ Introduce an option with string argument.
+ The string argument is stored as an element in `string_list`.
+ Use of `--no-option` will clear the list of preceding values.
+
`OPT_INTEGER(short, long, &int_var, description)`::
Introduce an option with integer argument.
The integer is put into `int_var`.