diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
33 files changed, 656 insertions, 103 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/MyFirstContribution.txt b/Documentation/MyFirstContribution.txt index 015cf24631..b20bc8e914 100644 --- a/Documentation/MyFirstContribution.txt +++ b/Documentation/MyFirstContribution.txt @@ -1029,22 +1029,42 @@ kidding - be patient!) [[v2-git-send-email]] === Sending v2 -Skip ahead to <<reviewing,Responding to Reviews>> for information on how to -handle comments from reviewers. Continue this section when your topic branch is -shaped the way you want it to look for your patchset v2. +This section will focus on how to send a v2 of your patchset. To learn what +should go into v2, skip ahead to <<reviewing,Responding to Reviews>> for +information on how to handle comments from reviewers. + +We'll reuse our `psuh` topic branch for v2. Before we make any changes, we'll +mark the tip of our v1 branch for easy reference: -When you're ready with the next iteration of your patch, the process is fairly -similar. +---- +$ git checkout psuh +$ git branch psuh-v1 +---- -First, generate your v2 patches again: +Refine your patch series by using `git rebase -i` to adjust commits based upon +reviewer comments. Once the patch series is ready for submission, generate your +patches again, but with some new flags: ---- -$ git format-patch -v2 --cover-letter -o psuh/ master..psuh +$ git format-patch -v2 --cover-letter -o psuh/ --range-diff master..psuh-v1 master.. ---- -This will add your v2 patches, all named like `v2-000n-my-commit-subject.patch`, -to the `psuh/` directory. You may notice that they are sitting alongside the v1 -patches; that's fine, but be careful when you are ready to send them. +The `--range-diff master..psuh-v1` parameter tells `format-patch` to include a +range-diff between `psuh-v1` and `psuh` in the cover letter (see +linkgit:git-range-diff[1]). This helps tell reviewers about the differences +between your v1 and v2 patches. + +The `-v2` parameter tells `format-patch` to output your patches +as version "2". For instance, you may notice that your v2 patches are +all named like `v2-000n-my-commit-subject.patch`. `-v2` will also format +your patches by prefixing them with "[PATCH v2]" instead of "[PATCH]", +and your range-diff will be prefaced with "Range-diff against v1". + +Afer you run this command, `format-patch` will output the patches to the `psuh/` +directory, alongside the v1 patches. Using a single directory makes it easy to +refer to the old v1 patches while proofreading the v2 patches, but you will need +to be careful to send out only the v2 patches. We will use a pattern like +"psuh/v2-*.patch" (not "psuh/*.patch", which would match v1 and v2 patches). Edit your cover letter again. Now is a good time to mention what's different between your last version and now, if it's something significant. You do not @@ -1082,7 +1102,7 @@ to the command: ---- $ git send-email --to=target@example.com --in-reply-to="<foo.12345.author@example.com>" - psuh/v2* + psuh/v2-*.patch ---- [[single-patch]] diff --git a/Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt b/Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt index 2d10eea7a9..45eb84d8b4 100644 --- a/Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt +++ b/Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt @@ -691,7 +691,7 @@ help understand. In our case, that means we omit trees and blobs not directly referenced by `HEAD` or `HEAD`'s history, because we begin the walk with only `HEAD` in the `pending` list.) -First, we'll need to `#include "list-objects-filter-options.h`" and set up the +First, we'll need to `#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"` and set up the `struct list_objects_filter_options` at the top of the function. ---- @@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ Count all the objects within and modify the print statement: while ((oid = oidset_iter_next(&oit))) omitted_count++; - printf("commits %d\nblobs %d\ntags %d\ntrees%d\nomitted %d\n", + printf("commits %d\nblobs %d\ntags %d\ntrees %d\nomitted %d\n", commit_count, blob_count, tag_count, tree_count, omitted_count); ---- diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.34.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.34.0.txt index e378a99416..9d583ead04 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.34.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.34.0.txt @@ -14,6 +14,54 @@ UI, Workflows & Features * The userdiff pattern for "java" language has been updated. + * "git rebase" by default skips changes that are equivalent to + commits that are already in the history the branch is rebased onto; + give messages when this happens to let the users be aware of + skipped commits, and also teach them how to tell "rebase" to keep + duplicated changes. + + * The advice message that "git cherry-pick" gives when it asks + conflicted replay of a commit to be resolved by the end user has + been updated. + + * After "git clone --recurse-submodules", all submodules are cloned + but they are not by default recursed into by other commands. With + submodule.stickyRecursiveClone configuration set, submodule.recurse + configuration is set to true in a repository created by "clone" + with "--recurse-submodules" option. + + * The logic for auto-correction of misspelt subcommands learned to go + interactive when the help.autocorrect configuration variable is set + to 'prompt'. + + * "git maintenance" scheduler learned to use systemd timers as a + possible backend. + + * "git diff --submodule=diff" showed failure from run_command() when + trying to run diff inside a submodule, when the user manually + removes the submodule directory. + + * "git bundle unbundle" learned to show progress display. + + * In cone mode, the sparse-index code path learned to remove ignored + files (like build artifacts) outside the sparse cone, allowing the + entire directory outside the sparse cone to be removed, which is + especially useful when the sparse patterns change. + + * Taking advantage of the CGI interface, http-backend has been + updated to enable protocol v2 automatically when the other side + asks for it. + + * The credential-cache helper has been adjusted to Windows. + + * The error in "git help no-such-git-command" is handled better. + + * The unicode character width table (used for output alignment) has + been updated. + + * The ref iteration code used to optionally allow dangling refs to be + shown, which has been tightened up. + Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. @@ -44,6 +92,55 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. that checking for the lack of a prerequisite would not work. Avoid the use of "if ! test_have_prereq X" in a test script. + * The revision traversal API has been optimized by taking advantage + of the commit-graph, when available, to determine if a commit is + reachable from any of the existing refs. + + * "git fetch --quiet" optimization to avoid useless computation of + info that will never be displayed. + + * Callers from older advice_config[] based API has been updated to + use the newer advice_if_enabled() and advice_enabled() API. + + * Teach "test_pause" and "debug" helpers to allow using the HOME and + TERM environment variables the user usually uses. + + * "make INSTALL_STRIP=-s install" allows the installation step to use + "install -s" to strip the binaries as they get installed. + + * Code that handles large number of refs in the "git fetch" code + path has been optimized. + + * The reachability bitmap file used to be generated only for a single + pack, but now we've learned to generate bitmaps for history that + span across multiple packfiles. + + * The code to make "git grep" recurse into submodules has been + updated to migrate away from the "add submodule's object store as + an alternate object store" mechanism (which is suboptimal). + + * The tracing of process ancestry information has been enhanced. + + * Reduce number of write(2) system calls while sending the + ref advertisement. + + * Update the build procedure to use the "-pedantic" build when + DEVELOPER makefile macro is in effect. + + * Large part of "git submodule add" gets rewritten in C. + + * The run-command API has been updated so that the callers can easily + ask the file descriptors open for packfiles to be closed immediately + before spawning commands that may trigger auto-gc. + + * An oddball OPTION_ARGUMENT feature has been removed from the + parse-options API. + + * The mergesort implementation used to sort linked list has been + optimized. + + * Remove external declaration of functions that no longer exist. + Fixes since v2.33 ----------------- @@ -69,9 +166,188 @@ Fixes since v2.33 * "git range-diff" code clean-up. (merge c4d5907324 jk/range-diff-fixes later to maint). + * "git commit --fixup" now works with "--edit" again, after it was + broken in v2.32. + (merge 8ef6aad664 jk/commit-edit-fixup-fix later to maint). + + * Use upload-artifacts v1 (instead of v2) for 32-bit linux, as the + new version has a blocker bug for that architecture. + (merge 3cf9bb36bf cb/ci-use-upload-artifacts-v1 later to maint). + + * Checking out all the paths from HEAD during the last conflicted + step in "git rebase" and continuing would cause the step to be + skipped (which is expected), but leaves MERGE_MSG file behind in + $GIT_DIR and confuses the next "git commit", which has been + corrected. + (merge e5ee33e855 pw/rebase-skip-final-fix later to maint). + + * Various bugs in "git rebase -r" have been fixed. + (merge f2563c9ef3 pw/rebase-r-fixes later to maint). + + * mmap() imitation used to call xmalloc() that dies upon malloc() + failure, which has been corrected to just return an error to the + caller to be handled. + (merge 95b4ff3931 rs/git-mmap-uses-malloc later to maint). + + * "git diff --relative" segfaulted and/or produced incorrect result + when there are unmerged paths. + (merge 8174627b3d dd/diff-files-unmerged-fix later to maint). + + * The delayed checkout code path in "git checkout" etc. were chatty + even when --quiet and/or --no-progress options were given. + (merge 7a132c628e mt/quiet-with-delayed-checkout later to maint). + + * "git branch -D <branch>" used to refuse to remove a broken branch + ref that points at a missing commit, which has been corrected. + (merge 597a977489 rs/branch-allow-deleting-dangling later to maint). + + * Build update for Apple clang. + (merge f32c5d3716 cb/makefile-apple-clang later to maint). + + * The parser for the "--nl" option of "git column" has been + corrected. + (merge c93ca46cf5 sg/column-nl later to maint). + + * "git upload-pack" which runs on the other side of "git fetch" + forgot to take the ref namespaces into account when handling + want-ref requests. + (merge 53a66ec37c ka/want-ref-in-namespace later to maint). + + * The sparse-index support can corrupt the index structure by storing + a stale and/or uninitialized data, which has been corrected. + (merge d9e9b44d7a jh/sparse-index-resize-fix later to maint). + + * Buggy tests could damage repositories outside the throw-away test + area we created. We now by default export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES + to limit the damage from such a stray test. + (merge 614c3d8f2e sg/set-ceiling-during-tests later to maint). + + * Even when running "git send-email" without its own threaded + discussion support, a threading related header in one message is + carried over to the subsequent message to result in an unwanted + threading, which has been corrected. + (merge e082113484 mh/send-email-reset-in-reply-to later to maint). + + * The output from "git fast-export", when its anonymization feature + is in use, showed an annotated tag incorrectly. + (merge 2f040a9671 tk/fast-export-anonymized-tag-fix later to maint). + + * Doc update plus improved error reporting. + (merge 1e93770888 jk/log-warn-on-bogus-encoding later to maint). + + * Recent "diff -m" changes broke "gitk", which has been corrected. + (merge 5acffd3473 so/diff-index-regression-fix later to maint). + + * Regression fix. + (merge b996f84989 ab/send-email-config-fix later to maint). + + * The "git apply -3" code path learned not to bother the lower level + merge machinery when the three-way merge can be trivially resolved + without the content level merge. This fixes a regression caused by + recent "-3way first and fall back to direct application" change. + (merge 57f183b698 jc/trivial-threeway-binary-merge later to maint). + + * The code that optionally creates the *.rev reverse index file has + been optimized to avoid needless computation when it is not writing + the file out. + (merge 8fe8bae9d2 ab/reverse-midx-optim later to maint). + + * "git range-diff -I... <range> <range>" segfaulted, which has been + corrected. + (merge 709b3f32d3 rs/range-diff-avoid-segfault-with-I later to maint). + + * The order in which various files that make up a single (conceptual) + packfile has been reevaluated and straightened up. This matters in + correctness, as an incomplete set of files must not be shown to a + running Git. + (merge 4bc1fd6e39 tb/pack-finalize-ordering later to maint). + + * The "mode" word is useless in a call to open(2) that does not + create a new file. Such a call in the files backend of the ref + subsystem has been cleaned up. + (merge 35cf94eaf6 rs/no-mode-to-open-when-appending later to maint). + + * "git update-ref --stdin" failed to flush its output as needed, + which potentially led the conversation to a deadlock. + (merge 7c1200745b ps/update-ref-batch-flush later to maint). + + * When "git am --abort" fails to abort correctly, it still exited + with exit status of 0, which has been corrected. + (merge c5ead19ea2 en/am-abort-fix later to maint). + + * Correct nr and alloc members of strvec struct to be of type size_t. + (merge 8d133a4653 jk/strvec-typefix later to maint). + + * "git stash", where the tentative change involves changing a + directory to a file (or vice versa), was confused, which has been + corrected. + (merge bee8691f19 en/stash-df-fix later to maint). + + * "git clone" from a repository whose HEAD is unborn into a bare + repository didn't follow the branch name the other side used, which + is corrected. + (merge 6b58df54cf jk/clone-unborn-head-in-bare later to maint). + + * "git cvsserver" had a long-standing bug in its authentication code, + which has finally been corrected (it is unclear and is a separate + question if anybody is seriously using it, though). + (merge 4b81f690f6 cb/cvsserver later to maint). + + * "git difftool --dir-diff" mishandled symbolic links. + (merge 5bafb3576a da/difftool-dir-diff-symlink-fix later to maint). + + * Sensitive data in the HTTP trace were supposed to be redacted, but + we failed to do so in HTTP/2 requests. + (merge b66c77a64e jk/http-redact-fix later to maint). + + * "make clean" has been updated to remove leftover .depend/ + directories, even when it is not told to use them to compute header + dependencies. + (merge f0a74bcb03 ab/make-clean-depend-dirs later to maint). + + * Protocol v0 clients can get stuck parsing a malformed feature line. + (merge 44d2aec6e8 ah/connect-parse-feature-v0-fix later to maint). + * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc. (merge 1d9c8daef8 ab/bundle-doc later to maint). (merge 81483fe613 en/merge-strategy-docs later to maint). (merge 626beebdf8 js/log-protocol-version later to maint). (merge 00e302da76 cb/builtin-merge-format-string-fix later to maint). (merge ad51ae4dc0 cb/ci-freebsd-update later to maint). + (merge be6444d1ca fc/completion-updates later to maint). + (merge ff7b83f562 ti/tcsh-completion-regression-fix later to maint). + (merge 325b06deda sg/make-fix-ar-invocation later to maint). + (merge bd72824c60 me/t5582-cleanup later to maint). + (merge f6a5af0f62 ga/send-email-sendmail-cmd later to maint). + (merge f58c7468cd ab/ls-remote-packet-trace later to maint). + (merge 0160f7e725 ab/rebase-fatal-fatal-fix later to maint). + (merge a16eb6b1ff js/maintenance-launchctl-fix later to maint). + (merge c21b2511c2 jk/t5323-no-pack-test-fix later to maint). + (merge 5146c2f148 mh/credential-leakfix later to maint). + (merge 1549577338 dd/t6300-wo-gpg-fix later to maint). + (merge 66e905b7dd rs/xopen-reports-open-failures later to maint). + (merge 469888e6a5 es/walken-tutorial-fix later to maint). + (merge 88682b016d ba/object-info later to maint). + (merge b45c172e51 ab/gc-log-rephrase later to maint). + (merge ccdd5d1eb1 ab/mailmap-leakfix later to maint). + (merge 6540b71614 cb/remote-ndebug-fix later to maint). + (merge e4f8d27585 rs/show-branch-simplify later to maint). + (merge e124ecf7f7 rs/archive-use-object-id later to maint). + (merge cebead1ebf cb/ci-build-pedantic later to maint). + (merge ca0cc98e03 bs/doc-bugreport-outdir later to maint). + (merge 72b113e562 ab/no-more-check-bindir later to maint). + (merge 92a5d1c9b4 jc/prefix-filename-allocates later to maint). + (merge d9a65b6c0a rs/setup-use-xopen-and-xdup later to maint). + (merge e8f55568de jk/t5562-racefix later to maint). + (merge 8f0f110156 rs/drop-core-compression-vars later to maint). + (merge b6d8887d3d ma/doc-git-version later to maint). + (merge 66c0c44df6 cb/plug-leaks-in-alloca-emu-users later to maint). + (merge afb32e8101 kz/revindex-comment-fix later to maint). + (merge ae578de926 po/git-config-doc-mentions-help-c later to maint). + (merge 187fc8b8b6 cb/unicode-14 later to maint). + (merge 3584cff71c en/typofixes later to maint). + (merge f188160be9 ab/bundle-remove-verbose-option later to maint). + (merge 8c6b4332b4 rs/close-pack-leakfix later to maint). + (merge 51b04c05b7 bs/difftool-msg-tweak later to maint). + (merge dd20e4a6db ab/make-compdb-fix later to maint). + (merge 6ffb990dc4 os/status-docfix later to maint). diff --git a/Documentation/config/advice.txt b/Documentation/config/advice.txt index 8b2849ff7b..063eec2511 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/advice.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/advice.txt @@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ advice.*:: Shown when linkgit:git-push[1] rejects a forced update of a branch when its remote-tracking ref has updates that we do not have locally. + skippedCherryPicks:: + Shown when linkgit:git-rebase[1] skips a commit that has already + been cherry-picked onto the upstream branch. statusAheadBehind:: Shown when linkgit:git-status[1] computes the ahead/behind counts for a local ref compared to its remote tracking ref, diff --git a/Documentation/config/gui.txt b/Documentation/config/gui.txt index d30831a130..0c087fd8c9 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/gui.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/gui.txt @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ gui.displayUntracked:: in the file list. The default is "true". gui.encoding:: - Specifies the default encoding to use for displaying of + Specifies the default character encoding to use for displaying of file contents in linkgit:git-gui[1] and linkgit:gitk[1]. It can be overridden by setting the 'encoding' attribute for relevant files (see linkgit:gitattributes[5]). diff --git a/Documentation/config/help.txt b/Documentation/config/help.txt index 783a90a0f9..610701f9a3 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/help.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/help.txt @@ -9,13 +9,15 @@ help.format:: help.autoCorrect:: If git detects typos and can identify exactly one valid command similar - to the error, git will automatically run the intended command after - waiting a duration of time defined by this configuration value in - deciseconds (0.1 sec). If this value is 0, the suggested corrections - will be shown, but not executed. If it is a negative integer, or - "immediate", the suggested command - is run immediately. If "never", suggestions are not shown at all. The - default value is zero. + to the error, git will try to suggest the correct command or even + run the suggestion automatically. Possible config values are: + - 0 (default): show the suggested command. + - positive number: run the suggested command after specified +deciseconds (0.1 sec). + - "immediate": run the suggested command immediately. + - "prompt": show the suggestion and prompt for confirmation to run +the command. + - "never": don't run or show any suggested command. help.htmlPath:: Specify the path where the HTML documentation resides. File system paths diff --git a/Documentation/config/pack.txt b/Documentation/config/pack.txt index 763f7af7c4..ad7f73a1ea 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/pack.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/pack.txt @@ -159,6 +159,10 @@ pack.writeBitmapHashCache:: between an older, bitmapped pack and objects that have been pushed since the last gc). The downside is that it consumes 4 bytes per object of disk space. Defaults to true. ++ +When writing a multi-pack reachability bitmap, no new namehashes are +computed; instead, any namehashes stored in an existing bitmap are +permuted into their appropriate location when writing a new bitmap. pack.writeReverseIndex:: When true, git will write a corresponding .rev file (see: diff --git a/Documentation/config/transfer.txt b/Documentation/config/transfer.txt index 505126a780..b49429eb4d 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/transfer.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/transfer.txt @@ -52,13 +52,17 @@ If you have multiple hideRefs values, later entries override earlier ones (and entries in more-specific config files override less-specific ones). + If a namespace is in use, the namespace prefix is stripped from each -reference before it is matched against `transfer.hiderefs` patterns. +reference before it is matched against `transfer.hiderefs` patterns. In +order to match refs before stripping, add a `^` in front of the ref name. If +you combine `!` and `^`, `!` must be specified first. ++ For example, if `refs/heads/master` is specified in `transfer.hideRefs` and the current namespace is `foo`, then `refs/namespaces/foo/refs/heads/master` -is omitted from the advertisements but `refs/heads/master` and -`refs/namespaces/bar/refs/heads/master` are still advertised as so-called -"have" lines. In order to match refs before stripping, add a `^` in front of -the ref name. If you combine `!` and `^`, `!` must be specified first. +is omitted from the advertisements. If `uploadpack.allowRefInWant` is set, +`upload-pack` will treat `want-ref refs/heads/master` in a protocol v2 +`fetch` command as if `refs/namespaces/foo/refs/heads/master` did not exist. +`receive-pack`, on the other hand, will still advertise the object id the +ref is pointing to without mentioning its name (a so-called ".have" line). + Even if you hide refs, a client may still be able to steal the target objects via the techniques described in the "SECURITY" section of the diff --git a/Documentation/git-am.txt b/Documentation/git-am.txt index 8714dfcb76..0a4a984dfd 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-am.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-am.txt @@ -178,6 +178,8 @@ default. You can use `--no-utf8` to override this. --abort:: Restore the original branch and abort the patching operation. + Revert contents of files involved in the am operation to their + pre-am state. --quit:: Abort the patching operation but keep HEAD and the index diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt index 94dc9a54f2..5449767121 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt @@ -118,7 +118,8 @@ OPTIONS Reset <branchname> to <startpoint>, even if <branchname> exists already. Without `-f`, 'git branch' refuses to change an existing branch. In combination with `-d` (or `--delete`), allow deleting the - branch irrespective of its merged status. In combination with + branch irrespective of its merged status, or whether it even + points to a valid commit. In combination with `-m` (or `--move`), allow renaming the branch even if the new branch name already exists, the same applies for `-c` (or `--copy`). diff --git a/Documentation/git-bugreport.txt b/Documentation/git-bugreport.txt index 66e88c2e31..d8817bf3ce 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-bugreport.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-bugreport.txt @@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ OPTIONS ------- -o <path>:: --output-directory <path>:: - Place the resulting bug report file in `<path>` instead of the root of - the Git repository. + Place the resulting bug report file in `<path>` instead of the current + directory. -s <format>:: --suffix <format>:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt index ac0d003835..71b5ecabd1 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [--version=<version>] <file> <git-rev-list-args> 'git bundle' verify [-q | --quiet] <file> 'git bundle' list-heads <file> [<refname>...] -'git bundle' unbundle <file> [<refname>...] +'git bundle' unbundle [--progress] <file> [<refname>...] DESCRIPTION ----------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-column.txt b/Documentation/git-column.txt index f58e9c43e6..6cea9ab463 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-column.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-column.txt @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ OPTIONS --indent=<string>:: String to be printed at the beginning of each line. ---nl=<N>:: +--nl=<string>:: String to be printed at the end of each line, including newline character. diff --git a/Documentation/git-config.txt b/Documentation/git-config.txt index 2dc4bae6da..992225f612 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-config.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-config.txt @@ -71,6 +71,9 @@ codes are: On success, the command returns the exit code 0. +A list of all available configuration variables can be obtained using the +`git help --config` command. + [[OPTIONS]] OPTIONS ------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt index f2e4a47ebe..4dc57ed254 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ looks like ------ -Only anonymous access is provided by pserve by default. To commit you +Only anonymous access is provided by pserver by default. To commit you will have to create pserver accounts, simply add a gitcvs.authdb setting in the config file of the repositories you want the cvsserver to allow writes to, for example: @@ -114,21 +114,20 @@ The format of these files is username followed by the encrypted password, for example: ------ - myuser:$1Oyx5r9mdGZ2 - myuser:$1$BA)@$vbnMJMDym7tA32AamXrm./ + myuser:sqkNi8zPf01HI + myuser:$1$9K7FzU28$VfF6EoPYCJEYcVQwATgOP/ + myuser:$5$.NqmNH1vwfzGpV8B$znZIcumu1tNLATgV2l6e1/mY8RzhUDHMOaVOeL1cxV3 ------ You can use the 'htpasswd' facility that comes with Apache to make these -files, but Apache's MD5 crypt method differs from the one used by most C -library's crypt() function, so don't use the -m option. +files, but only with the -d option (or -B if your system suports it). -Alternatively you can produce the password with perl's crypt() operator: ------ - perl -e 'my ($user, $pass) = @ARGV; printf "%s:%s\n", $user, crypt($user, $pass)' $USER password ------ +Preferably use the system specific utility that manages password hash +creation in your platform (e.g. mkpasswd in Linux, encrypt in OpenBSD or +pwhash in NetBSD) and paste it in the right location. Then provide your password via the pserver method, for example: ------ - cvs -d:pserver:someuser:somepassword <at> server/path/repo.git co <HEAD_name> + cvs -d:pserver:someuser:somepassword@server:/path/repo.git co <HEAD_name> ------ No special setup is needed for SSH access, other than having Git tools in the PATH. If you have clients that do not accept the CVS_SERVER @@ -138,7 +137,7 @@ Note: Newer CVS versions (>= 1.12.11) also support specifying CVS_SERVER directly in CVSROOT like ------ -cvs -d ":ext;CVS_SERVER=git cvsserver:user@server/path/repo.git" co <HEAD_name> + cvs -d ":ext;CVS_SERVER=git cvsserver:user@server/path/repo.git" co <HEAD_name> ------ This has the advantage that it will be saved in your 'CVS/Root' files and you don't need to worry about always setting the correct environment @@ -186,8 +185,8 @@ allowing access over SSH. + -- ------ - export CVSROOT=:ext:user@server:/var/git/project.git - export CVS_SERVER="git cvsserver" + export CVSROOT=:ext:user@server:/var/git/project.git + export CVS_SERVER="git cvsserver" ------ -- 4. For SSH clients that will make commits, make sure their server-side @@ -203,7 +202,7 @@ allowing access over SSH. `project-master` directory: + ------ - cvs co -d project-master master + cvs co -d project-master master ------ [[dbbackend]] diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt b/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt index 558966aa83..0c5c0dde19 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt @@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ A simple CGI program to serve the contents of a Git repository to Git clients accessing the repository over http:// and https:// protocols. The program supports clients fetching using both the smart HTTP protocol and the backwards-compatible dumb HTTP protocol, as well as clients -pushing using the smart HTTP protocol. +pushing using the smart HTTP protocol. It also supports Git's +more-efficient "v2" protocol if properly configured; see the +discussion of `GIT_PROTOCOL` in the ENVIRONMENT section below. It verifies that the directory has the magic file "git-daemon-export-ok", and it will refuse to export any Git directory @@ -77,6 +79,18 @@ Apache 2.x:: SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /var/www/git SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL ScriptAlias /git/ /usr/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend/ + +# This is not strictly necessary using Apache and a modern version of +# git-http-backend, as the webserver will pass along the header in the +# environment as HTTP_GIT_PROTOCOL, and http-backend will copy that into +# GIT_PROTOCOL. But you may need this line (or something similar if you +# are using a different webserver), or if you want to support older Git +# versions that did not do that copying. +# +# Having the webserver set up GIT_PROTOCOL is perfectly fine even with +# modern versions (and will take precedence over HTTP_GIT_PROTOCOL, +# which means it can be used to override the client's request). +SetEnvIf Git-Protocol ".*" GIT_PROTOCOL=$0 ---------------------------------------------------------------- + To enable anonymous read access but authenticated write access, @@ -264,6 +278,16 @@ a repository with an extremely large number of refs. The value can be specified with a unit (e.g., `100M` for 100 megabytes). The default is 10 megabytes. +Clients may probe for optional protocol capabilities (like the v2 +protocol) using the `Git-Protocol` HTTP header. In order to support +these, the contents of that header must appear in the `GIT_PROTOCOL` +environment variable. Most webservers will pass this header to the CGI +via the `HTTP_GIT_PROTOCOL` variable, and `git-http-backend` will +automatically copy that to `GIT_PROTOCOL`. However, some webservers may +be more selective about which headers they'll pass, in which case they +need to be configured explicitly (see the mention of `Git-Protocol` in +the Apache config from the earlier EXAMPLES section). + The backend process sets GIT_COMMITTER_NAME to '$REMOTE_USER' and GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL to '$\{REMOTE_USER}@http.$\{REMOTE_ADDR\}', ensuring that any reflogs created by 'git-receive-pack' contain some diff --git a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt index 7fa74b9e79..1f1e359225 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt @@ -82,6 +82,12 @@ OPTIONS --strict:: Die, if the pack contains broken objects or links. +--progress-title:: + For internal use only. ++ +Set the title of the progress bar. The title is "Receiving objects" by +default and "Indexing objects" when `--stdin` is specified. + --check-self-contained-and-connected:: Die if the pack contains broken links. For internal use only. diff --git a/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt b/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt index 1e738ad398..e2cfb68ab5 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt @@ -179,6 +179,17 @@ OPTIONS `maintenance.<task>.enabled` configured as `true` are considered. See the 'TASKS' section for the list of accepted `<task>` values. +--scheduler=auto|crontab|systemd-timer|launchctl|schtasks:: + When combined with the `start` subcommand, specify the scheduler + for running the hourly, daily and weekly executions of + `git maintenance run`. + Possible values for `<scheduler>` are `auto`, `crontab` + (POSIX), `systemd-timer` (Linux), `launchctl` (macOS), and + `schtasks` (Windows). When `auto` is specified, the + appropriate platform-specific scheduler is used; on Linux, + `systemd-timer` is used if available, otherwise + `crontab`. Default is `auto`. + TROUBLESHOOTING --------------- @@ -277,6 +288,52 @@ schedule to ensure you are executing the correct binaries in your schedule. +BACKGROUND MAINTENANCE ON LINUX SYSTEMD SYSTEMS +----------------------------------------------- + +While Linux supports `cron`, depending on the distribution, `cron` may +be an optional package not necessarily installed. On modern Linux +distributions, systemd timers are superseding it. + +If user systemd timers are available, they will be used as a replacement +of `cron`. + +In this case, `git maintenance start` will create user systemd timer units +and start the timers. The current list of user-scheduled tasks can be found +by running `systemctl --user list-timers`. The timers written by `git +maintenance start` are similar to this: + +----------------------------------------------------------------------- +$ systemctl --user list-timers +NEXT LEFT LAST PASSED UNIT ACTIVATES +Thu 2021-04-29 19:00:00 CEST 42min left Thu 2021-04-29 18:00:11 CEST 17min ago git-maintenance@hourly.timer git-maintenance@hourly.service +Fri 2021-04-30 00:00:00 CEST 5h 42min left Thu 2021-04-29 00:00:11 CEST 18h ago git-maintenance@daily.timer git-maintenance@daily.service +Mon 2021-05-03 00:00:00 CEST 3 days left Mon 2021-04-26 00:00:11 CEST 3 days ago git-maintenance@weekly.timer git-maintenance@weekly.service +----------------------------------------------------------------------- + +One timer is registered for each `--schedule=<frequency>` option. + +The definition of the systemd units can be inspected in the following files: + +----------------------------------------------------------------------- +~/.config/systemd/user/git-maintenance@.timer +~/.config/systemd/user/git-maintenance@.service +~/.config/systemd/user/timers.target.wants/git-maintenance@hourly.timer +~/.config/systemd/user/timers.target.wants/git-maintenance@daily.timer +~/.config/systemd/user/timers.target.wants/git-maintenance@weekly.timer +----------------------------------------------------------------------- + +`git maintenance start` will overwrite these files and start the timer +again with `systemctl --user`, so any customization should be done by +creating a drop-in file, i.e. a `.conf` suffixed file in the +`~/.config/systemd/user/git-maintenance@.service.d` directory. + +`git maintenance stop` will stop the user systemd timers and delete +the above mentioned files. + +For more details, see `systemd.timer(5)`. + + BACKGROUND MAINTENANCE ON MACOS SYSTEMS --------------------------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-multi-pack-index.txt b/Documentation/git-multi-pack-index.txt index ffd601bc17..3b0b55cd75 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-multi-pack-index.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-multi-pack-index.txt @@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ git-multi-pack-index - Write and verify multi-pack-indexes SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git multi-pack-index' [--object-dir=<dir>] [--[no-]progress] - [--preferred-pack=<pack>] <subcommand> +'git multi-pack-index' [--object-dir=<dir>] [--[no-]bitmap] <sub-command> DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -23,10 +22,13 @@ OPTIONS Use given directory for the location of Git objects. We check `<dir>/packs/multi-pack-index` for the current MIDX file, and `<dir>/packs` for the pack-files to index. ++ +`<dir>` must be an alternate of the current repository. --[no-]progress:: Turn progress on/off explicitly. If neither is specified, progress is - shown if standard error is connected to a terminal. + shown if standard error is connected to a terminal. Supported by + sub-commands `write`, `verify`, `expire`, and `repack. The following subcommands are available: @@ -37,9 +39,12 @@ write:: -- --preferred-pack=<pack>:: Optionally specify the tie-breaking pack used when - multiple packs contain the same object. If not given, - ties are broken in favor of the pack with the lowest - mtime. + multiple packs contain the same object. `<pack>` must + contain at least one object. If not given, ties are + broken in favor of the pack with the lowest mtime. + + --[no-]bitmap:: + Control whether or not a multi-pack bitmap is written. -- verify:: @@ -81,6 +86,13 @@ EXAMPLES $ git multi-pack-index write ----------------------------------------------- +* Write a MIDX file for the packfiles in the current .git folder with a +corresponding bitmap. ++ +------------------------------------------------------------- +$ git multi-pack-index write --preferred-pack=<pack> --bitmap +------------------------------------------------------------- + * Write a MIDX file for the packfiles in an alternate object store. + ----------------------------------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt index 3f1030df70..c116dbf4bb 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt @@ -79,9 +79,10 @@ remain the checked-out branch. If the upstream branch already contains a change you have made (e.g., because you mailed a patch which was applied upstream), then that commit -will be skipped. For example, running `git rebase master` on the -following history (in which `A'` and `A` introduce the same set of changes, -but have different committer information): +will be skipped and warnings will be issued (if the `merge` backend is +used). For example, running `git rebase master` on the following +history (in which `A'` and `A` introduce the same set of changes, but +have different committer information): ------------ A---B---C topic @@ -312,7 +313,10 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. By default (or if `--no-reapply-cherry-picks` is given), these commits will be automatically dropped. Because this necessitates reading all upstream commits, this can be expensive in repos with a large number -of upstream commits that need to be read. +of upstream commits that need to be read. When using the `merge` +backend, warnings will be issued for each dropped commit (unless +`--quiet` is given). Advice will also be issued unless +`advice.skippedCherryPicks` is set to false (see linkgit:git-config[1]). + `--reapply-cherry-picks` allows rebase to forgo reading all upstream commits, potentially improving performance. @@ -442,7 +446,8 @@ When --fork-point is active, 'fork_point' will be used instead of ends up being empty, the <upstream> will be used as a fallback. + If <upstream> is given on the command line, then the default is -`--no-fork-point`, otherwise the default is `--fork-point`. +`--no-fork-point`, otherwise the default is `--fork-point`. See also +`rebase.forkpoint` in linkgit:git-config[1]. + If your branch was based on <upstream> but <upstream> was rewound and your branch contains commits which were dropped, this option can be used diff --git a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt index 25702ed730..014a78409b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt @@ -41,6 +41,11 @@ OPTIONS <directory>:: The repository to sync into. +--http-backend-info-refs:: + Used by linkgit:git-http-backend[1] to serve up + `$GIT_URL/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack` requests. See + `--http-backend-info-refs` in linkgit:git-upload-pack[1]. + PRE-RECEIVE HOOK ---------------- Before any ref is updated, if $GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-receive file exists diff --git a/Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt index fdcf43f87c..42056ee9ff 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt @@ -210,6 +210,16 @@ case-insensitive check. This corrects for case mismatched filenames in the 'git sparse-checkout set' command to reflect the expected cone in the working directory. +When changing the sparse-checkout patterns in cone mode, Git will inspect each +tracked directory that is not within the sparse-checkout cone to see if it +contains any untracked files. If all of those files are ignored due to the +`.gitignore` patterns, then the directory will be deleted. If any of the +untracked files within that directory is not ignored, then no deletions will +occur within that directory and a warning message will appear. If these files +are important, then reset your sparse-checkout definition so they are included, +use `git add` and `git commit` to store them, then remove any remaining files +manually to ensure Git can behave optimally. + SUBMODULES ---------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-status.txt b/Documentation/git-status.txt index 83f38e3198..c33a3d8d53 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-status.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-status.txt @@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ Field Meaning Unmerged entries have the following format; the first character is a "u" to distinguish from ordinary changed entries. - u <xy> <sub> <m1> <m2> <m3> <mW> <h1> <h2> <h3> <path> + u <XY> <sub> <m1> <m2> <m3> <mW> <h1> <h2> <h3> <path> .... Field Meaning diff --git a/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt index 9822c1eb1a..8f87b23ea8 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt @@ -36,14 +36,26 @@ OPTIONS This fits with the HTTP POST request processing model where a program may read the request, write a response, and must exit. ---advertise-refs:: - Only the initial ref advertisement is output, and the program exits - immediately. This fits with the HTTP GET request model, where - no request content is received but a response must be produced. +--http-backend-info-refs:: + Used by linkgit:git-http-backend[1] to serve up + `$GIT_URL/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack` requests. See + "Smart Clients" in link:technical/http-protocol.html[the HTTP + transfer protocols] documentation and "HTTP Transport" in + link:technical/protocol-v2.html[the Git Wire Protocol, Version + 2] documentation. Also understood by + linkgit:git-receive-pack[1]. <directory>:: The repository to sync from. +ENVIRONMENT +----------- + +`GIT_PROTOCOL`:: + Internal variable used for handshaking the wire protocol. Server + admins may need to configure some transports to allow this + variable to be passed. See the discussion in linkgit:git[1]. + SEE ALSO -------- linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] diff --git a/Documentation/git-version.txt b/Documentation/git-version.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..80fa7754a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/git-version.txt @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +git-version(1) +============== + +NAME +---- +git-version - Display version information about Git + +SYNOPSIS +-------- +[verse] +'git version' [--build-options] + +DESCRIPTION +----------- +With no options given, the version of 'git' is printed on the standard output. + +Note that `git --version` is identical to `git version` because the +former is internally converted into the latter. + +OPTIONS +------- +--build-options:: + Include additional information about how git was built for diagnostic + purposes. + +GIT +--- +Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt index 6dd241ef83..d63c65e67d 100644 --- a/Documentation/git.txt +++ b/Documentation/git.txt @@ -41,6 +41,10 @@ OPTIONS ------- --version:: Prints the Git suite version that the 'git' program came from. ++ +This option is internaly converted to `git version ...` and accepts +the same options as the linkgit:git-version[1] command. If `--help` is +also given, it takes precedence over `--version`. --help:: Prints the synopsis and a list of the most commonly used @@ -863,15 +867,16 @@ for full details. end user, to be recorded in the body of the reflog. `GIT_REF_PARANOIA`:: - If set to `1`, include broken or badly named refs when iterating - over lists of refs. In a normal, non-corrupted repository, this - does nothing. However, enabling it may help git to detect and - abort some operations in the presence of broken refs. Git sets - this variable automatically when performing destructive - operations like linkgit:git-prune[1]. You should not need to set - it yourself unless you want to be paranoid about making sure - an operation has touched every ref (e.g., because you are - cloning a repository to make a backup). + If set to `0`, ignore broken or badly named refs when iterating + over lists of refs. Normally Git will try to include any such + refs, which may cause some operations to fail. This is usually + preferable, as potentially destructive operations (e.g., + linkgit:git-prune[1]) are better off aborting rather than + ignoring broken refs (and thus considering the history they + point to as not worth saving). The default value is `1` (i.e., + be paranoid about detecting and aborting all operations). You + should not normally need to set this to `0`, but it may be + useful when trying to salvage data from a corrupted repository. `GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL`:: If set to a colon-separated list of protocols, behave as if @@ -894,6 +899,21 @@ for full details. Contains a colon ':' separated list of keys with optional values 'key[=value]'. Presence of unknown keys and values must be ignored. ++ +Note that servers may need to be configured to allow this variable to +pass over some transports. It will be propagated automatically when +accessing local repositories (i.e., `file://` or a filesystem path), as +well as over the `git://` protocol. For git-over-http, it should work +automatically in most configurations, but see the discussion in +linkgit:git-http-backend[1]. For git-over-ssh, the ssh server may need +to be configured to allow clients to pass this variable (e.g., by using +`AcceptEnv GIT_PROTOCOL` with OpenSSH). ++ +This configuration is optional. If the variable is not propagated, then +clients will fall back to the original "v0" protocol (but may miss out +on some performance improvements or features). This variable currently +only affects clones and fetches; it is not yet used for pushes (but may +be in the future). `GIT_OPTIONAL_LOCKS`:: If set to `0`, Git will complete any requested operation without diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt index 27ddaf84a1..b3af850608 100644 --- a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt @@ -33,14 +33,16 @@ people using 80-column terminals. used together. --encoding=<encoding>:: - The commit objects record the encoding used for the log message + Commit objects record the character encoding used for the log message in their encoding header; this option can be used to tell the command to re-code the commit log message in the encoding preferred by the user. For non plumbing commands this defaults to UTF-8. Note that if an object claims to be encoded in `X` and we are outputting in `X`, we will output the object verbatim; this means that invalid sequences in the original - commit may be copied to the output. + commit may be copied to the output. Likewise, if iconv(3) fails + to convert the commit, we will output the original object + verbatim, along with a warning. --expand-tabs=<n>:: --expand-tabs:: diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt index 24569b06d1..b7bd27e171 100644 --- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt @@ -968,6 +968,11 @@ list of the missing objects. Object IDs are prefixed with a ``?'' character. objects. endif::git-rev-list[] +--unsorted-input:: + Show commits in the order they were given on the command line instead + of sorting them in reverse chronological order by commit time. Cannot + be combined with `--no-walk` or `--no-walk=sorted`. + --no-walk[=(sorted|unsorted)]:: Only show the given commits, but do not traverse their ancestors. This has no effect if a range is specified. If the argument @@ -975,7 +980,8 @@ endif::git-rev-list[] given on the command line. Otherwise (if `sorted` or no argument was given), the commits are shown in reverse chronological order by commit time. - Cannot be combined with `--graph`. + Cannot be combined with `--graph`. Cannot be combined with + `--unsorted-input` if `sorted` or no argument was given. --do-walk:: Overrides a previous `--no-walk`. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt index 5a60bbfa7f..acfd5dc1d8 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt @@ -198,11 +198,6 @@ There are some macros to easily define options: The filename will be prefixed by passing the filename along with the prefix argument of `parse_options()` to `prefix_filename()`. -`OPT_ARGUMENT(long, &int_var, description)`:: - Introduce a long-option argument that will be kept in `argv[]`. - If this option was seen, `int_var` will be set to one (except - if a `NULL` pointer was passed). - `OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&var, description, func_ptr)`:: Recognize numerical options like -123 and feed the integer as if it was an argument to the function given by `func_ptr`. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/bitmap-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/bitmap-format.txt index f8c18a0f7a..04b3ec2178 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/bitmap-format.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/bitmap-format.txt @@ -1,6 +1,44 @@ GIT bitmap v1 format ==================== +== Pack and multi-pack bitmaps + +Bitmaps store reachability information about the set of objects in a packfile, +or a multi-pack index (MIDX). The former is defined obviously, and the latter is +defined as the union of objects in packs contained in the MIDX. + +A bitmap may belong to either one pack, or the repository's multi-pack index (if +it exists). A repository may have at most one bitmap. + +An object is uniquely described by its bit position within a bitmap: + + - If the bitmap belongs to a packfile, the __n__th bit corresponds to + the __n__th object in pack order. For a function `offset` which maps + objects to their byte offset within a pack, pack order is defined as + follows: + + o1 <= o2 <==> offset(o1) <= offset(o2) + + - If the bitmap belongs to a MIDX, the __n__th bit corresponds to the + __n__th object in MIDX order. With an additional function `pack` which + maps objects to the pack they were selected from by the MIDX, MIDX order + is defined as follows: + + o1 <= o2 <==> pack(o1) <= pack(o2) /\ offset(o1) <= offset(o2) + + The ordering between packs is done according to the MIDX's .rev file. + Notably, the preferred pack sorts ahead of all other packs. + +The on-disk representation (described below) of a bitmap is the same regardless +of whether or not that bitmap belongs to a packfile or a MIDX. The only +difference is the interpretation of the bits, which is described above. + +Certain bitmap extensions are supported (see: Appendix B). No extensions are +required for bitmaps corresponding to packfiles. For bitmaps that correspond to +MIDXs, both the bit-cache and rev-cache extensions are required. + +== On-disk format + - A header appears at the beginning: 4-byte signature: {'B', 'I', 'T', 'M'} @@ -14,17 +52,19 @@ GIT bitmap v1 format The following flags are supported: - BITMAP_OPT_FULL_DAG (0x1) REQUIRED - This flag must always be present. It implies that the bitmap - index has been generated for a packfile with full closure - (i.e. where every single object in the packfile can find - its parent links inside the same packfile). This is a - requirement for the bitmap index format, also present in JGit, - that greatly reduces the complexity of the implementation. + This flag must always be present. It implies that the + bitmap index has been generated for a packfile or + multi-pack index (MIDX) with full closure (i.e. where + every single object in the packfile/MIDX can find its + parent links inside the same packfile/MIDX). This is a + requirement for the bitmap index format, also present in + JGit, that greatly reduces the complexity of the + implementation. - BITMAP_OPT_HASH_CACHE (0x4) If present, the end of the bitmap file contains `N` 32-bit name-hash values, one per object in the - pack. The format and meaning of the name-hash is + pack/MIDX. The format and meaning of the name-hash is described below. 4-byte entry count (network byte order) @@ -33,7 +73,8 @@ GIT bitmap v1 format 20-byte checksum - The SHA1 checksum of the pack this bitmap index belongs to. + The SHA1 checksum of the pack/MIDX this bitmap index + belongs to. - 4 EWAH bitmaps that act as type indexes @@ -50,7 +91,7 @@ GIT bitmap v1 format - Tags In each bitmap, the `n`th bit is set to true if the `n`th object - in the packfile is of that type. + in the packfile or multi-pack index is of that type. The obvious consequence is that the OR of all 4 bitmaps will result in a full set (all bits set), and the AND of all 4 bitmaps will @@ -62,8 +103,9 @@ GIT bitmap v1 format Each entry contains the following: - 4-byte object position (network byte order) - The position **in the index for the packfile** where the - bitmap for this commit is found. + The position **in the index for the packfile or + multi-pack index** where the bitmap for this commit is + found. - 1-byte XOR-offset The xor offset used to compress this bitmap. For an entry @@ -146,10 +188,11 @@ Name-hash cache --------------- If the BITMAP_OPT_HASH_CACHE flag is set, the end of the bitmap contains -a cache of 32-bit values, one per object in the pack. The value at +a cache of 32-bit values, one per object in the pack/MIDX. The value at position `i` is the hash of the pathname at which the `i`th object -(counting in index order) in the pack can be found. This can be fed -into the delta heuristics to compare objects with similar pathnames. +(counting in index or multi-pack index order) in the pack/MIDX can be found. +This can be fed into the delta heuristics to compare objects with similar +pathnames. The hash algorithm used is: diff --git a/Documentation/technical/http-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/http-protocol.txt index 96d89ea9b2..cc5126cfed 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/http-protocol.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/http-protocol.txt @@ -225,6 +225,9 @@ The client may send Extra Parameters (see Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt) as a colon-separated string in the Git-Protocol HTTP header. +Uses the `--http-backend-info-refs` option to +linkgit:git-upload-pack[1]. + Dumb Server Response ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Dumb servers MUST respond with the dumb server reply format. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt b/Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt index fb688976c4..86f40f2490 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt @@ -36,7 +36,9 @@ Design Details directory of an alternate. It refers only to packfiles in that same directory. -- The core.multiPackIndex config setting must be on to consume MIDX files. +- The core.multiPackIndex config setting must be on (which is the + default) to consume MIDX files. Setting it to `false` prevents + Git from reading a MIDX file, even if one exists. - The file format includes parameters for the object ID hash function, so a future change of hash algorithm does not require @@ -71,14 +73,10 @@ Future Work still reducing the number of binary searches required for object lookups. -- The reachability bitmap is currently paired directly with a single - packfile, using the pack-order as the object order to hopefully - compress the bitmaps well using run-length encoding. This could be - extended to pair a reachability bitmap with a multi-pack-index. If - the multi-pack-index is extended to store a "stable object order" +- If the multi-pack-index is extended to store a "stable object order" (a function Order(hash) = integer that is constant for a given hash, - even as the multi-pack-index is updated) then a reachability bitmap - could point to a multi-pack-index and be updated independently. + even as the multi-pack-index is updated) then MIDX bitmaps could be + updated independently of the MIDX. - Packfiles can be marked as "special" using empty files that share the initial name but replace ".pack" with ".keep" or ".promisor". diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt index 1040d85319..21e8258ccf 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt @@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ Initial Client Request In general a client can request to speak protocol v2 by sending `version=2` through the respective side-channel for the transport being used which inevitably sets `GIT_PROTOCOL`. More information can be -found in `pack-protocol.txt` and `http-protocol.txt`. In all cases the +found in `pack-protocol.txt` and `http-protocol.txt`, as well as the +`GIT_PROTOCOL` definition in `git.txt`. In all cases the response from the server is the capability advertisement. Git Transport @@ -58,6 +59,8 @@ SSH and File Transport When using either the ssh:// or file:// transport, the GIT_PROTOCOL environment variable must be set explicitly to include "version=2". +The server may need to be configured to allow this environment variable +to pass. HTTP Transport ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -81,6 +84,12 @@ A v2 server would reply: Subsequent requests are then made directly to the service `$GIT_URL/git-upload-pack`. (This works the same for git-receive-pack). +Uses the `--http-backend-info-refs` option to +linkgit:git-upload-pack[1]. + +The server may need to be configured to pass this header's contents via +the `GIT_PROTOCOL` variable. See the discussion in `git-http-backend.txt`. + Capability Advertisement ------------------------ @@ -190,7 +199,11 @@ ls-refs takes in the following arguments: Show peeled tags. ref-prefix <prefix> When specified, only references having a prefix matching one of - the provided prefixes are displayed. + the provided prefixes are displayed. Multiple instances may be + given, in which case references matching any prefix will be + shown. Note that this is purely for optimization; a server MAY + show refs not matching the prefix if it chooses, and clients + should filter the result themselves. If the 'unborn' feature is advertised the following argument can be included in the client's request. |