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-rw-r--r--Documentation/Makefile2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt120
-rw-r--r--Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt285
-rw-r--r--Documentation/config.txt89
-rw-r--r--Documentation/date-formats.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/diff-config.txt12
-rw-r--r--Documentation/diff-heuristic-options.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/diff-options.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-branch.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-commit.txt3
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-fetch.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt5
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-gc.txt34
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-grep.txt14
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-gui.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-merge.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-p4.txt15
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-pull.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-push.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-rebase.txt7
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt3
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-shortlog.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-submodule.txt15
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-svn.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-tag.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git.txt47
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitattributes.txt4
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt12
-rw-r--r--Documentation/giteveryday.txt17
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitk.txt14
-rw-r--r--Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt20
-rw-r--r--Documentation/pretty-formats.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt14
-rw-r--r--Documentation/transfer-data-leaks.txt30
-rw-r--r--Documentation/user-manual.txt8
37 files changed, 715 insertions, 107 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile
index b43d66eae6..a9fb497b83 100644
--- a/Documentation/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/Makefile
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ manpage-base-url.xsl: manpage-base-url.xsl.in
user-manual.xml: user-manual.txt user-manual.conf
$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
- $(TXT_TO_XML) -d article -o $@+ $< && \
+ $(TXT_TO_XML) -d book -o $@+ $< && \
mv $@+ $@
technical/api-index.txt: technical/api-index-skel.txt \
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..74b193f1a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+Git v2.11.1 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v2.11
+-----------------
+
+ * The default Travis-CI configuration specifies newer P4 and GitLFS.
+
+ * The character width table has been updated to match Unicode 9.0
+
+ * Update the isatty() emulation for Windows by updating the previous
+ hack that depended on internals of (older) MSVC runtime.
+
+ * "git rev-parse --symbolic" failed with a more recent notation like
+ "HEAD^-1" and "HEAD^!".
+
+ * An empty directory in a working tree that can simply be nuked used
+ to interfere while merging or cherry-picking a change to create a
+ submodule directory there, which has been fixed..
+
+ * The code in "git push" to compute if any commit being pushed in the
+ superproject binds a commit in a submodule that hasn't been pushed
+ out was overly inefficient, making it unusable even for a small
+ project that does not have any submodule but have a reasonable
+ number of refs.
+
+ * "git push --dry-run --recurse-submodule=on-demand" wasn't
+ "--dry-run" in the submodules.
+
+ * The output from "git worktree list" was made in readdir() order,
+ and was unstable.
+
+ * mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode configuration variable did not apply
+ to built-in tools, but now it does.
+
+ * "git p4" LFS support was broken when LFS stores an empty blob.
+
+ * Fix a corner case in merge-recursive regression that crept in
+ during 2.10 development cycle.
+
+ * Update the error messages from the dumb-http client when it fails
+ to obtain loose objects; we used to give sensible error message
+ only upon 404 but we now forbid unexpected redirects that needs to
+ be reported with something sensible.
+
+ * When diff.renames configuration is on (and with Git 2.9 and later,
+ it is enabled by default, which made it worse), "git stash"
+ misbehaved if a file is removed and another file with a very
+ similar content is added.
+
+ * "git diff --no-index" did not take "--no-abbrev" option.
+
+ * "git difftool --dir-diff" had a minor regression when started from
+ a subdirectory, which has been fixed.
+
+ * "git commit --allow-empty --only" (no pathspec) with dirty index
+ ought to be an acceptable way to create a new commit that does not
+ change any paths, but it was forbidden, perhaps because nobody
+ needed it so far.
+
+ * A pathname that begins with "//" or "\\" on Windows is special but
+ path normalization logic was unaware of it.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase", when there is no new commits on our side since
+ we forked from the upstream, should be able to fast-forward without
+ invoking "git rebase", but it didn't.
+
+ * The way to specify hotkeys to "xxdiff" that is used by "git
+ mergetool" has been modernized to match recent versions of xxdiff.
+
+ * Unlike "git am --abort", "git cherry-pick --abort" moved HEAD back
+ to where cherry-pick started while picking multiple changes, when
+ the cherry-pick stopped to ask for help from the user, and the user
+ did "git reset --hard" to a different commit in order to re-attempt
+ the operation.
+
+ * Code cleanup in shallow boundary computation.
+
+ * A recent update to receive-pack to make it easier to drop garbage
+ objects made it clear that GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES cannot
+ have a pathname with a colon in it (no surprise!), and this in turn
+ made it impossible to push into a repository at such a path. This
+ has been fixed by introducing a quoting mechanism used when
+ appending such a path to the colon-separated list.
+
+ * The function usage_msg_opt() has been updated to say "fatal:"
+ before the custom message programs give, when they want to die
+ with a message about wrong command line options followed by the
+ standard usage string.
+
+ * "git index-pack --stdin" needs an access to an existing repository,
+ but "git index-pack file.pack" to generate an .idx file that
+ corresponds to a packfile does not.
+
+ * Fix for NDEBUG builds.
+
+ * A lazy "git push" without refspec did not internally use a fully
+ specified refspec to perform 'current', 'simple', or 'upstream'
+ push, causing unnecessary "ambiguous ref" errors.
+
+ * "git p4" misbehaved when swapping a directory and a symbolic link.
+
+ * Even though an fix was attempted in Git 2.9.3 days, but running
+ "git difftool --dir-diff" from a subdirectory never worked. This
+ has been fixed.
+
+ * "git p4" that tracks multile p4 paths imported a single changelist
+ that touches files in these multiple paths as one commit, followed
+ by many empty commits. This has been fixed.
+
+ * A potential but unlikely buffer overflow in Windows port has been
+ fixed.
+
+ * When the http server gives an incomplete response to a smart-http
+ rpc call, it could lead to client waiting for a full response that
+ will never come. Teach the client side to notice this condition
+ and abort the transfer.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt
index 08152d64b9..efff5264d8 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt
@@ -20,18 +20,111 @@ Updates since v2.11
UI, Workflows & Features
- *
+ * Various updates to "git p4".
+
+ * "git p4" didn't interact with the internal of .git directory
+ correctly in the modern "git-worktree"-enabled world.
+
+ * "git branch --list" and friends learned "--ignore-case" option to
+ optionally sort branches and tags case insensitively.
+
+ * In addition to %(subject), %(body), "log --pretty=format:..."
+ learned a new placeholder %(trailers).
+
+ * "git rebase" learned "--quit" option, which allows a user to
+ remove the metadata left by an earlier "git rebase" that was
+ manually aborted without using "git rebase --abort".
+
+ * "git clone --reference $there --recurse-submodules $super" has been
+ taught to guess repositories usable as references for submodules of
+ $super that are embedded in $there while making a clone of the
+ superproject borrow objects from $there; extend the mechanism to
+ also allow submodules of these submodules to borrow repositories
+ embedded in these clones of the submodules embedded in the clone of
+ the superproject.
+
+ * Porcelain scripts written in Perl are getting internationalized.
+
+ * "git merge --continue" has been added as a synonym to "git commit"
+ to conclude a merge that has stopped due to conflicts.
+
+ * Finer-grained control of what protocols are allowed for transports
+ during clone/fetch/push have been enabled via a new configuration
+ mechanism.
+
+ * "git shortlog" learned "--committer" option to group commits by
+ committer, instead of author.
+
+ * GitLFS integration with "git p4" has been updated.
+
+ * The isatty() emulation for Windows has been updated to eradicate
+ the previous hack that depended on internals of (older) MSVC
+ runtime.
+
+ * Some platforms no longer understand "latin-1" that is still seen in
+ the wild in e-mail headers; replace them with "iso-8859-1" that is
+ more widely known when conversion fails from/to it.
+ (merge df3755888b jc/latin-1 later to maint).
+
+ * "git grep" has been taught to optionally recurse into submodules.
+
+ * "git rm" used to refuse to remove a submodule when it has its own
+ git repository embedded in its working tree. It learned to move
+ the repository away to $GIT_DIR/modules/ of the superproject
+ instead, and allow the submodule to be deleted (as long as there
+ will be no loss of local modifications, that is).
+
+ * A recent updates to "git p4" was not usable for older p4 but it
+ could be made to work with minimum changes. Do so.
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
- *
+ * Commands that operate on a log message and add lines to the trailer
+ blocks, such as "format-patch -s", "cherry-pick (-x|-s)", and
+ "commit -s", have been taught to use the logic of and share the
+ code with "git interpret-trailer".
+ * The default Travis-CI configuration specifies newer P4 and GitLFS.
-Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+ * The "fast hash" that had disastrous performance issues in some
+ corner cases has been retired from the internal diff.
+
+ * The character width table has been updated to match Unicode 9.0
+
+ * Update the procedure to generate "tags" for developer support.
+ (merge 046e4c1c09 jk/make-tags-find-sources-tweak later to maint).
- *
+ * The codeflow of setting NOATIME and CLOEXEC on file descriptors Git
+ opens has been simplified.
+ (merge b4d065df03 jc/git-open-cloexec later to maint).
+ * "git diff" and its family had two experimental heuristics to shift
+ the contents of a hunk to make the patch easier to read. One of
+ them turns out to be better than the other, so leave only the
+ "--indent-heuristic" option and remove the other one.
+ (merge 3cde4e02ee jc/retire-compaction-heuristics later to maint).
+
+ * A new submodule helper "git submodule embedgitdirs" to make it
+ easier to move embedded .git/ directory for submodules in a
+ superproject to .git/modules/ (and point the latter with the former
+ that is turned into a "gitdir:" file) has been added.
+
+ * "git push \\server\share\dir" has recently regressed and then
+ fixed. A test has retroactively been added for this breakage.
+
+ * Build updates for Cygwin.
+
+ * The implementation of "real_path()" was to go there with chdir(2)
+ and call getcwd(3), but this obviously wouldn't be usable in a
+ threaded environment. Rewrite it to manually resolve relative
+ paths including symbolic links in path components.
+
+ * Adjust documentation to help AsciiDoctor render better while not
+ breaking the rendering done by AsciiDoc.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
Fixes since v2.10
-----------------
@@ -40,4 +133,188 @@ Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.9 in the maintenance
track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
notes for details).
+ * We often decide if a session is interactive by checking if the
+ standard I/O streams are connected to a TTY, but isatty() that
+ comes with Windows incorrectly returned true if it is used on NUL
+ (i.e. an equivalent to /dev/null). This has been fixed.
+
+ * "git svn" did not work well with path components that are "0", and
+ some configuration variable it uses were not documented.
+ (merge ea9a93dcc2 ew/svn-fixes later to maint).
+
+ * "git rev-parse --symbolic" failed with a more recent notation like
+ "HEAD^-1" and "HEAD^!".
+
+ * An empty directory in a working tree that can simply be nuked used
+ to interfere while merging or cherry-picking a change to create a
+ submodule directory there, which has been fixed..
+
+ * The code in "git push" to compute if any commit being pushed in the
+ superproject binds a commit in a submodule that hasn't been pushed
+ out was overly inefficient, making it unusable even for a small
+ project that does not have any submodule but have a reasonable
+ number of refs.
+
+ * "git push --dry-run --recurse-submodule=on-demand" wasn't
+ "--dry-run" in the submodules.
+
+ * The output from "git worktree list" was made in readdir() order,
+ and was unstable.
+
+ * mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode configuration variable did not apply
+ to built-in tools, but now it does.
+
+ * "git p4" LFS support was broken when LFS stores an empty blob.
+
+ * A corner case in merge-recursive regression that crept in
+ during 2.10 development cycle has been fixed.
+
+ * Transport with dumb http can be fooled into following foreign URLs
+ that the end user does not intend to, especially with the server
+ side redirects and http-alternates mechanism, which can lead to
+ security issues. Tighten the redirection and make it more obvious
+ to the end user when it happens.
+
+ * Update the error messages from the dumb-http client when it fails
+ to obtain loose objects; we used to give sensible error message
+ only upon 404 but we now forbid unexpected redirects that needs to
+ be reported with something sensible.
+
+ * When diff.renames configuration is on (and with Git 2.9 and later,
+ it is enabled by default, which made it worse), "git stash"
+ misbehaved if a file is removed and another file with a very
+ similar content is added.
+
+ * "git diff --no-index" did not take "--no-abbrev" option.
+
+ * "git difftool --dir-diff" had a minor regression when started from
+ a subdirectory, which has been fixed.
+
+ * "git commit --allow-empty --only" (no pathspec) with dirty index
+ ought to be an acceptable way to create a new commit that does not
+ change any paths, but it was forbidden, perhaps because nobody
+ needed it so far.
+
+ * Git 2.11 had a minor regression in "merge --ff-only" that competed
+ with another process that simultanously attempted to update the
+ index. We used to explain what went wrong with an error message,
+ but the new code silently failed. The error message has been
+ resurrected.
+
+ * A pathname that begins with "//" or "\\" on Windows is special but
+ path normalization logic was unaware of it.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase", when there is no new commits on our side since
+ we forked from the upstream, should be able to fast-forward without
+ invoking "git rebase", but it didn't.
+
+ * The way to specify hotkeys to "xxdiff" that is used by "git
+ mergetool" has been modernized to match recent versions of xxdiff.
+
+ * Unlike "git am --abort", "git cherry-pick --abort" moved HEAD back
+ to where cherry-pick started while picking multiple changes, when
+ the cherry-pick stopped to ask for help from the user, and the user
+ did "git reset --hard" to a different commit in order to re-attempt
+ the operation.
+
+ * Code cleanup in shallow boundary computation.
+
+ * A recent update to receive-pack to make it easier to drop garbage
+ objects made it clear that GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES cannot
+ have a pathname with a colon in it (no surprise!), and this in turn
+ made it impossible to push into a repository at such a path. This
+ has been fixed by introducing a quoting mechanism used when
+ appending such a path to the colon-separated list.
+
+ * The function usage_msg_opt() has been updated to say "fatal:"
+ before the custom message programs give, when they want to die
+ with a message about wrong command line options followed by the
+ standard usage string.
+
+ * "git index-pack --stdin" needs an access to an existing repository,
+ but "git index-pack file.pack" to generate an .idx file that
+ corresponds to a packfile does not.
+
+ * Fix for NDEBUG builds.
+
+ * A lazy "git push" without refspec did not internally use a fully
+ specified refspec to perform 'current', 'simple', or 'upstream'
+ push, causing unnecessary "ambiguous ref" errors.
+
+ * "git p4" misbehaved when swapping a directory and a symbolic link.
+
+ * Even though an fix was attempted in Git 2.9.3 days, but running
+ "git difftool --dir-diff" from a subdirectory never worked. This
+ has been fixed.
+
+ * "git p4" that tracks multile p4 paths imported a single changelist
+ that touches files in these multiple paths as one commit, followed
+ by many empty commits. This has been fixed.
+
+ * A potential but unlikely buffer overflow in Windows port has been
+ fixed.
+
+ * When the http server gives an incomplete response to a smart-http
+ rpc call, it could lead to client waiting for a full response that
+ will never come. Teach the client side to notice this condition
+ and abort the transfer.
+
+ * Compression setting for producing packfiles were spread across
+ three codepaths, one of which did not honor any configuration.
+ Unify these so that all of them honor core.compression and
+ pack.compression variables the same way.
+ (merge 8de7eeb54b jc/compression-config later to maint).
+
+ * "git fast-import" sometimes mishandled while rebalancing notes
+ tree, which has been fixed.
+ (merge 405d7f4af6 mh/fast-import-notes-fix-new later to maint).
+
+ * Recent update to the default abbreviation length that auto-scales
+ lacked documentation update, which has been corrected.
+ (merge 48d5014dd4 jc/abbrev-autoscale-config later to maint).
+
+ * Leakage of lockfiles in the config subsystem has been fixed.
+ (merge c06fa62dfc nd/config-misc-fixes later to maint).
+
+ * It is natural that "git gc --auto" may not attempt to pack
+ everything into a single pack, and there is no point in warning
+ when the user has configured the system to use the pack bitmap,
+ leading to disabling further "gc".
+ (merge 1c409a705c dt/disable-bitmap-in-auto-gc later to maint).
+
+ * "git archive" did not read the standard configuration files, and
+ failed to notice a file that is marked as binary via the userdiff
+ driver configuration.
+ (merge 965cba2e7e jk/archive-zip-userdiff-config later to maint).
+
+ * "git blame --porcelain" misidentified the "previous" <commit, path>
+ pair (aka "source") when contents came from two or more files.
+ (merge 4e76832984 jk/blame-fixes later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase -i" with a recent update started showing an incorrect
+ count when squashing more than 10 commits.
+ (merge 356b8ecff1 jk/rebase-i-squash-count-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git <cmd> @{push}" on a detached HEAD used to segfault; it has
+ been corrected to error out with a message.
+ (merge b10731f43d km/branch-get-push-while-detached later to maint).
+
+ * Running "git add a/b" when "a" is a submodule correctly errored
+ out, but without a meaningful error message.
+ (merge 2d81c48fa7 sb/pathspec-errors later to maint).
+
+ * Typing ^C to pager, which usually does not kill it, killed Git and
+ took the pager down as a collateral damage in certain process-tree
+ structure. This has been fixed.
+ (merge 46df6906f3 jk/execv-dashed-external later to maint).
+
+ * "git mergetool" without any pathspec on the command line that is
+ run from a subdirectory became no-op in Git v2.11 by mistake, which
+ has been fixed.
+
+ * Retire long unused/unmaintained gitview from the contrib/ area.
+ (merge 3120925c25 sb/remove-gitview later to maint).
+
* Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
+ (merge f2627d9b19 sb/submodule-config-cleanup later to maint).
+ (merge 384f1a167b sb/unpack-trees-cleanup later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index 0573f1f866..af2ae4cc02 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -783,10 +783,11 @@ core.sparseCheckout::
linkgit:git-read-tree[1] for more information.
core.abbrev::
- Set the length object names are abbreviated to. If unspecified,
- many commands abbreviate to 7 hexdigits, which may not be enough
- for abbreviated object names to stay unique for sufficiently long
- time.
+ Set the length object names are abbreviated to. If
+ unspecified or set to "auto", an appropriate value is
+ computed based on the approximate number of packed objects
+ in your repository, which hopefully is enough for
+ abbreviated object names to stay unique for some time.
add.ignoreErrors::
add.ignore-errors (deprecated)::
@@ -1409,7 +1410,9 @@ gc.pruneExpire::
Override the grace period with this config variable. The value
"now" may be used to disable this grace period and always prune
unreachable objects immediately, or "never" may be used to
- suppress pruning.
+ suppress pruning. This feature helps prevent corruption when
+ 'git gc' runs concurrently with another process writing to the
+ repository; see the "NOTES" section of linkgit:git-gc[1].
gc.worktreePruneExpire::
When 'git gc' is run, it calls
@@ -1891,6 +1894,16 @@ http.userAgent::
of common USER_AGENT strings (but not including those like git/1.7.1).
Can be overridden by the `GIT_HTTP_USER_AGENT` environment variable.
+http.followRedirects::
+ Whether git should follow HTTP redirects. If set to `true`, git
+ will transparently follow any redirect issued by a server it
+ encounters. If set to `false`, git will treat all redirects as
+ errors. If set to `initial`, git will follow redirects only for
+ the initial request to a remote, but not for subsequent
+ follow-up HTTP requests. Since git uses the redirected URL as
+ the base for the follow-up requests, this is generally
+ sufficient. The default is `initial`.
+
http.<url>.*::
Any of the http.* options above can be applied selectively to some URLs.
For a config key to match a URL, each element of the config key is
@@ -2308,6 +2321,52 @@ pretty.<name>::
Note that an alias with the same name as a built-in format
will be silently ignored.
+protocol.allow::
+ If set, provide a user defined default policy for all protocols which
+ don't explicitly have a policy (`protocol.<name>.allow`). By default,
+ if unset, known-safe protocols (http, https, git, ssh, file) have a
+ default policy of `always`, known-dangerous protocols (ext) have a
+ default policy of `never`, and all other protocols have a default
+ policy of `user`. Supported policies:
++
+--
+
+* `always` - protocol is always able to be used.
+
+* `never` - protocol is never able to be used.
+
+* `user` - protocol is only able to be used when `GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER` is
+ either unset or has a value of 1. This policy should be used when you want a
+ protocol to be directly usable by the user but don't want it used by commands which
+ execute clone/fetch/push commands without user input, e.g. recursive
+ submodule initialization.
+
+--
+
+protocol.<name>.allow::
+ Set a policy to be used by protocol `<name>` with clone/fetch/push
+ commands. See `protocol.allow` above for the available policies.
++
+The protocol names currently used by git are:
++
+--
+ - `file`: any local file-based path (including `file://` URLs,
+ or local paths)
+
+ - `git`: the anonymous git protocol over a direct TCP
+ connection (or proxy, if configured)
+
+ - `ssh`: git over ssh (including `host:path` syntax,
+ `ssh://`, etc).
+
+ - `http`: git over http, both "smart http" and "dumb http".
+ Note that this does _not_ include `https`; if you want to configure
+ both, you must do so individually.
+
+ - any external helpers are named by their protocol (e.g., use
+ `hg` to allow the `git-remote-hg` helper)
+--
+
pull.ff::
By default, Git does not create an extra merge commit when merging
a commit that is a descendant of the current commit. Instead, the
@@ -2930,6 +2989,11 @@ is omitted from the advertisements but `refs/heads/master` and
`refs/namespaces/bar/refs/heads/master` are still advertised as so-called
"have" lines. In order to match refs before stripping, add a `^` in front of
the ref name. If you combine `!` and `^`, `!` must be specified first.
++
+Even if you hide refs, a client may still be able to steal the target
+objects via the techniques described in the "SECURITY" section of the
+linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] man page; it's best to keep private data in a
+separate repository.
transfer.unpackLimit::
When `fetch.unpackLimit` or `receive.unpackLimit` are
@@ -2939,7 +3003,7 @@ transfer.unpackLimit::
uploadarchive.allowUnreachable::
If true, allow clients to use `git archive --remote` to request
any tree, whether reachable from the ref tips or not. See the
- discussion in the `SECURITY` section of
+ discussion in the "SECURITY" section of
linkgit:git-upload-archive[1] for more details. Defaults to
`false`.
@@ -2953,12 +3017,23 @@ uploadpack.allowTipSHA1InWant::
When `uploadpack.hideRefs` is in effect, allow `upload-pack`
to accept a fetch request that asks for an object at the tip
of a hidden ref (by default, such a request is rejected).
- see also `uploadpack.hideRefs`.
+ See also `uploadpack.hideRefs`. Even if this is false, a client
+ may be able to steal objects via the techniques described in the
+ "SECURITY" section of the linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] man page; it's
+ best to keep private data in a separate repository.
uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant::
Allow `upload-pack` to accept a fetch request that asks for an
object that is reachable from any ref tip. However, note that
calculating object reachability is computationally expensive.
+ Defaults to `false`. Even if this is false, a client may be able
+ to steal objects via the techniques described in the "SECURITY"
+ section of the linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] man page; it's best to
+ keep private data in a separate repository.
+
+uploadpack.allowAnySHA1InWant::
+ Allow `upload-pack` to accept a fetch request that asks for any
+ object at all.
Defaults to `false`.
uploadpack.keepAlive::
diff --git a/Documentation/date-formats.txt b/Documentation/date-formats.txt
index 35e8da2010..6926e0a4c8 100644
--- a/Documentation/date-formats.txt
+++ b/Documentation/date-formats.txt
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Git internal format::
It is `<unix timestamp> <time zone offset>`, where `<unix
timestamp>` is the number of seconds since the UNIX epoch.
`<time zone offset>` is a positive or negative offset from UTC.
- For example CET (which is 2 hours ahead UTC) is `+0200`.
+ For example CET (which is 1 hour ahead of UTC) is `+0100`.
RFC 2822::
The standard email format as described by RFC 2822, for example
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-config.txt b/Documentation/diff-config.txt
index 58f4bd6afa..15521f5191 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-config.txt
@@ -60,6 +60,12 @@ diff.context::
Generate diffs with <n> lines of context instead of the default
of 3. This value is overridden by the -U option.
+diff.interHunkContext::
+ Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified number
+ of lines, thereby fusing the hunks that are close to each other.
+ This value serves as the default for the `--inter-hunk-context`
+ command line option.
+
diff.external::
If this config variable is set, diff generation is not
performed using the internal diff machinery, but using the
@@ -172,10 +178,8 @@ diff.tool::
include::mergetools-diff.txt[]
diff.indentHeuristic::
-diff.compactionHeuristic::
- Set one of these options to `true` to enable one of two
- experimental heuristics that shift diff hunk boundaries to
- make patches easier to read.
+ Set this option to `true` to enable experimental heuristics
+ that shift diff hunk boundaries to make patches easier to read.
diff.algorithm::
Choose a diff algorithm. The variants are as follows:
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-heuristic-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-heuristic-options.txt
index 36cb549df9..d4f3d95505 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-heuristic-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-heuristic-options.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
--indent-heuristic::
--no-indent-heuristic::
---compaction-heuristic::
---no-compaction-heuristic::
These are to help debugging and tuning experimental heuristics
(which are off by default) that shift diff hunk boundaries to
make patches easier to read.
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
index e6215c372c..a219aa2907 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
@@ -511,6 +511,8 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
--inter-hunk-context=<lines>::
Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified number
of lines, thereby fusing hunks that are close to each other.
+ Defaults to `diff.interHunkContext` or 0 if the config option
+ is unset.
-W::
--function-context::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
index 1fe73448f3..5516a47b54 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
@@ -118,6 +118,10 @@ OPTIONS
default to color output.
Same as `--color=never`.
+-i::
+--ignore-case::
+ Sorting and filtering branches are case insensitive.
+
--column[=<options>]::
--no-column::
Display branch listing in columns. See configuration variable
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
index f2ab0ee2e7..4f8f20a360 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
@@ -265,7 +265,8 @@ FROM UPSTREAM REBASE" section in linkgit:git-rebase[1].)
If this option is specified together with `--amend`, then
no paths need to be specified, which can be used to amend
the last commit without committing changes that have
- already been staged.
+ already been staged. If used together with `--allow-empty`
+ paths are also not required, and an empty commit will be created.
-u[<mode>]::
--untracked-files[=<mode>]::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
index d45f6adc69..f7ebe36a7b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
@@ -119,9 +119,9 @@ be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
$GIT_DIR (e.g. "HEAD", "refs/heads/master"). When
unspecified, update from all heads the remote side has.
+
-If the remote has enabled the options `uploadpack.allowTipSHA1InWant` or
-`uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant`, they may alternatively be 40-hex
-sha1s present on the remote.
+If the remote has enabled the options `uploadpack.allowTipSHA1InWant`,
+`uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant`, or `uploadpack.allowAnySHA1InWant`,
+they may alternatively be 40-hex sha1s present on the remote.
SEE ALSO
--------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
index 9e4216999d..b153aefa68 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
@@ -192,6 +192,8 @@ The first command fetches the `maint` branch from the repository at
objects will eventually be removed by git's built-in housekeeping (see
linkgit:git-gc[1]).
+include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[]
+
BUGS
----
Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked
diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
index f57e69bc83..abe13f3bed 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
@@ -79,6 +79,9 @@ OPTIONS
Only list refs which contain the specified commit (HEAD if not
specified).
+--ignore-case::
+ Sorting and filtering refs are case insensitive.
+
FIELD NAMES
-----------
@@ -165,6 +168,8 @@ of all lines of the commit message up to the first blank line. The next
line is 'contents:body', where body is all of the lines after the first
blank line. The optional GPG signature is `contents:signature`. The
first `N` lines of the message is obtained using `contents:lines=N`.
+Additionally, the trailers as interpreted by linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1]
+are obtained as 'contents:trailers'.
For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric order
(`objectsize`, `authordate`, `committerdate`, `creatordate`, `taggerdate`).
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gc.txt b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
index bed60f471c..852b72c679 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
@@ -63,11 +63,10 @@ automatic consolidation of packs.
--prune=<date>::
Prune loose objects older than date (default is 2 weeks ago,
overridable by the config variable `gc.pruneExpire`).
- --prune=all prunes loose objects regardless of their age (do
- not use --prune=all unless you know exactly what you are doing.
- Unless the repository is quiescent, you will lose newly created
- objects that haven't been anchored with the refs and end up
- corrupting your repository). --prune is on by default.
+ --prune=all prunes loose objects regardless of their age and
+ increases the risk of corruption if another process is writing to
+ the repository concurrently; see "NOTES" below. --prune is on by
+ default.
--no-prune::
Do not prune any loose objects.
@@ -138,17 +137,36 @@ default is "2 weeks ago".
Notes
-----
-'git gc' tries very hard to be safe about the garbage it collects. In
+'git gc' tries very hard not to delete objects that are referenced
+anywhere in your repository. In
particular, it will keep not only objects referenced by your current set
of branches and tags, but also objects referenced by the index,
remote-tracking branches, refs saved by 'git filter-branch' in
refs/original/, or reflogs (which may reference commits in branches
that were later amended or rewound).
-
-If you are expecting some objects to be collected and they aren't, check
+If you are expecting some objects to be deleted and they aren't, check
all of those locations and decide whether it makes sense in your case to
remove those references.
+On the other hand, when 'git gc' runs concurrently with another process,
+there is a risk of it deleting an object that the other process is using
+but hasn't created a reference to. This may just cause the other process
+to fail or may corrupt the repository if the other process later adds a
+reference to the deleted object. Git has two features that significantly
+mitigate this problem:
+
+. Any object with modification time newer than the `--prune` date is kept,
+ along with everything reachable from it.
+
+. Most operations that add an object to the database update the
+ modification time of the object if it is already present so that #1
+ applies.
+
+However, these features fall short of a complete solution, so users who
+run commands concurrently have to live with some risk of corruption (which
+seems to be low in practice) unless they turn off automatic garbage
+collection with 'git config gc.auto 0'.
+
HOOKS
-----
diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
index 0ecea6e491..71f32f3508 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
[--threads <num>]
[-f <file>] [-e] <pattern>
[--and|--or|--not|(|)|-e <pattern>...]
+ [--recurse-submodules] [--parent-basename <basename>]
[ [--[no-]exclude-standard] [--cached | --no-index | --untracked] | <tree>...]
[--] [<pathspec>...]
@@ -88,6 +89,19 @@ OPTIONS
mechanism. Only useful when searching files in the current directory
with `--no-index`.
+--recurse-submodules::
+ Recursively search in each submodule that has been initialized and
+ checked out in the repository. When used in combination with the
+ <tree> option the prefix of all submodule output will be the name of
+ the parent project's <tree> object.
+
+--parent-basename <basename>::
+ For internal use only. In order to produce uniform output with the
+ --recurse-submodules option, this option can be used to provide the
+ basename of a parent's <tree> object to a submodule so the submodule
+ can prefix its output with the parent's name rather than the SHA1 of
+ the submodule.
+
-a::
--text::
Process binary files as if they were text.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gui.txt b/Documentation/git-gui.txt
index c1a3e8bf07..5f93f8003d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gui.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gui.txt
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ blame::
browser::
Start a tree browser showing all files in the specified
- commit (or `HEAD` by default). Files selected through the
+ commit. Files selected through the
browser are opened in the blame viewer.
citool::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
index b758d5556c..ca3c27b88a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
[--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [<commit>...]
'git merge' <msg> HEAD <commit>...
'git merge' --abort
+'git merge' --continue
DESCRIPTION
-----------
@@ -61,6 +62,8 @@ reconstruct the original (pre-merge) changes. Therefore:
discouraged: while possible, it may leave you in a state that is hard to
back out of in the case of a conflict.
+The fourth syntax ("`git merge --continue`") can only be run after the
+merge has resulted in conflicts.
OPTIONS
-------
@@ -99,6 +102,11 @@ commit or stash your changes before running 'git merge'.
'git merge --abort' is equivalent to 'git reset --merge' when
`MERGE_HEAD` is present.
+--continue::
+ After a 'git merge' stops due to conflicts you can conclude the
+ merge by running 'git merge --continue' (see "HOW TO RESOLVE
+ CONFLICTS" section below).
+
<commit>...::
Commits, usually other branch heads, to merge into our branch.
Specifying more than one commit will create a merge with
diff --git a/Documentation/git-p4.txt b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
index c83aaf39c3..7436c64a95 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-p4.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
@@ -303,6 +303,15 @@ These options can be used to modify 'git p4 submit' behavior.
submit manually or revert. This option always stops after the
first (oldest) commit. Git tags are not exported to p4.
+--shelve::
+ Instead of submitting create a series of shelved changelists.
+ After creating each shelve, the relevant files are reverted/deleted.
+ If you have multiple commits pending multiple shelves will be created.
+
+--update-shelve CHANGELIST::
+ Update an existing shelved changelist with this commit. Implies
+ --shelve.
+
--conflict=(ask|skip|quit)::
Conflicts can occur when applying a commit to p4. When this
happens, the default behavior ("ask") is to prompt whether to
@@ -467,6 +476,12 @@ git-p4.client::
Client specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
'-c <client>', including the client spec.
+git-p4.retries::
+ Specifies the number of times to retry a p4 command (notably,
+ 'p4 sync') if the network times out. The default value is 3.
+ Set the value to 0 to disable retries or if your p4 version
+ does not support retries (pre 2012.2).
+
Clone and sync variables
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
git-p4.syncFromOrigin::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
index d033b258e5..4470e4b574 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pull.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
@@ -237,6 +237,8 @@ If you tried a pull which resulted in complex conflicts and
would want to start over, you can recover with 'git reset'.
+include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[]
+
BUGS
----
Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked
diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt
index 47b77e693b..8eefabd0d1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt
@@ -559,6 +559,8 @@ Commits A and B would no longer belong to a branch with a symbolic name,
and so would be unreachable. As such, these commits would be removed by
a `git gc` command on the origin repository.
+include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[]
+
GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
index de222c81af..67d48e6883 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
[<upstream> [<branch>]]
'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>]
--root [<branch>]
-'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort | --edit-todo
+'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --edit-todo
DESCRIPTION
-----------
@@ -252,6 +252,11 @@ leave out at most one of A and B, in which case it defaults to HEAD.
will be reset to where it was when the rebase operation was
started.
+--quit::
+ Abort the rebase operation but HEAD is not reset back to the
+ original branch. The index and working tree are also left
+ unchanged as a result.
+
--keep-empty::
Keep the commits that do not change anything from its
parents in the result.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
index b6c6326cdc..7241e96893 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
@@ -91,7 +91,8 @@ repository. For example:
----
prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)
cd "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)"
-eval "set -- $(git rev-parse --sq --prefix "$prefix" "$@")"
+# rev-parse provides the -- needed for 'set'
+eval "set $(git rev-parse --sq --prefix "$prefix" -- "$@")"
----
--verify::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
index 31af7f2736..ee6c5476c1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ OPTIONS
Each pretty-printed commit will be rewrapped before it is shown.
+-c::
+--committer::
+ Collect and show committer identities instead of authors.
+
-w[<width>[,<indent1>[,<indent2>]]]::
Linewrap the output by wrapping each line at `width`. The first
line of each entry is indented by `indent1` spaces, and the second
diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
index d841573475..918bd1d1bd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
[commit] [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command>
'git submodule' [--quiet] sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] absorbgitdirs [--] [<path>...]
DESCRIPTION
@@ -245,6 +246,20 @@ sync::
If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into the
registered submodules, and sync any nested submodules within.
+absorbgitdirs::
+ If a git directory of a submodule is inside the submodule,
+ move the git directory of the submodule into its superprojects
+ `$GIT_DIR/modules` path and then connect the git directory and
+ its working directory by setting the `core.worktree` and adding
+ a .git file pointing to the git directory embedded in the
+ superprojects git directory.
++
+A repository that was cloned independently and later added as a submodule or
+old setups have the submodules git directory inside the submodule instead of
+embedded into the superprojects git directory.
++
+This command is recursive by default.
+
OPTIONS
-------
-q::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
index 5f9e65b0c4..9bee9b0c4c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-svn.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
@@ -664,13 +664,19 @@ creating the branch or tag.
When retrieving svn commits into Git (as part of 'fetch', 'rebase', or
'dcommit' operations), look for the first `From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line
in the log message and use that as the author string.
++
+[verse]
+config key: svn.useLogAuthor
+
--add-author-from::
When committing to svn from Git (as part of 'commit-diff', 'set-tree' or 'dcommit'
operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a
`From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line, append a `From:` line based on the
Git commit's author string. If you use this, then `--use-log-author`
will retrieve a valid author string for all commits.
-
++
+[verse]
+config key: svn.addAuthorFrom
ADVANCED OPTIONS
----------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
index 44c956c67b..5055a96823 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
@@ -108,6 +108,10 @@ OPTIONS
variable if it exists, or lexicographic order otherwise. See
linkgit:git-config[1].
+-i::
+--ignore-case::
+ Sorting and filtering tags are case insensitive.
+
--column[=<options>]::
--no-column::
Display tag listing in columns. See configuration variable
diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index af191c51b1..4f208fab92 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -44,9 +44,10 @@ unreleased) version of Git, that is available from the 'master'
branch of the `git.git` repository.
Documentation for older releases are available here:
-* link:v2.11.0/git.html[documentation for release 2.11]
+* link:v2.11.1/git.html[documentation for release 2.11.1]
* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/2.11.1.txt[2.11.1],
link:RelNotes/2.11.0.txt[2.11].
* link:v2.10.2/git.html[documentation for release 2.10.2]
@@ -871,6 +872,12 @@ Git so take care if using a foreign front-end.
specifies a ":" separated (on Windows ";" separated) list
of Git object directories which can be used to search for Git
objects. New objects will not be written to these directories.
++
+ Entries that begin with `"` (double-quote) will be interpreted
+ as C-style quoted paths, removing leading and trailing
+ double-quotes and respecting backslash escapes. E.g., the value
+ `"path-with-\"-and-:-in-it":vanilla-path` has two paths:
+ `path-with-"-and-:-in-it` and `vanilla-path`.
`GIT_DIR`::
If the `GIT_DIR` environment variable is set then it
@@ -1155,30 +1162,20 @@ of clones and fetches.
cloning a repository to make a backup).
`GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL`::
- If set, provide a colon-separated list of protocols which are
- allowed to be used with fetch/push/clone. This is useful to
- restrict recursive submodule initialization from an untrusted
- repository. Any protocol not mentioned will be disallowed (i.e.,
- this is a whitelist, not a blacklist). If the variable is not
- set at all, all protocols are enabled. The protocol names
- currently used by git are:
-
- - `file`: any local file-based path (including `file://` URLs,
- or local paths)
-
- - `git`: the anonymous git protocol over a direct TCP
- connection (or proxy, if configured)
-
- - `ssh`: git over ssh (including `host:path` syntax,
- `ssh://`, etc).
-
- - `http`: git over http, both "smart http" and "dumb http".
- Note that this does _not_ include `https`; if you want both,
- you should specify both as `http:https`.
-
- - any external helpers are named by their protocol (e.g., use
- `hg` to allow the `git-remote-hg` helper)
-
+ If set to a colon-separated list of protocols, behave as if
+ `protocol.allow` is set to `never`, and each of the listed
+ protocols has `protocol.<name>.allow` set to `always`
+ (overriding any existing configuration). In other words, any
+ protocol not mentioned will be disallowed (i.e., this is a
+ whitelist, not a blacklist). See the description of
+ `protocol.allow` in linkgit:git-config[1] for more details.
+
+`GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER`::
+ Set to 0 to prevent protocols used by fetch/push/clone which are
+ configured to the `user` state. This is useful to restrict recursive
+ submodule initialization from an untrusted repository or for programs
+ which feed potentially-untrusted URLS to git commands. See
+ linkgit:git-config[1] for more details.
Discussion[[Discussion]]
------------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
index 976243a63e..e0b66c1220 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
@@ -435,7 +435,9 @@ to filter relative to the repository root. Right after the flush packet
Git sends the content split in zero or more pkt-line packets and a
flush packet to terminate content. Please note, that the filter
must not send any response before it received the content and the
-final flush packet.
+final flush packet. Also note that the "value" of a "key=value" pair
+can contain the "=" character whereas the key would never contain
+that character.
------------------------
packet: git> command=smudge
packet: git> pathname=path/testfile.dat
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
index 4546fa0d75..22309cfb48 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ you want to understand Git's internals.
The core Git is often called "plumbing", with the prettier user
interfaces on top of it called "porcelain". You may not want to use the
plumbing directly very often, but it can be good to know what the
-plumbing does for when the porcelain isn't flushing.
+plumbing does when the porcelain isn't flushing.
Back when this document was originally written, many porcelain
commands were shell scripts. For simplicity, it still uses them as
@@ -1368,7 +1368,7 @@ $ git repack
will do it for you. If you followed the tutorial examples, you
would have accumulated about 17 objects in `.git/objects/??/`
directories by now. 'git repack' tells you how many objects it
-packed, and stores the packed file in `.git/objects/pack`
+packed, and stores the packed file in the `.git/objects/pack`
directory.
[NOTE]
@@ -1478,7 +1478,7 @@ You can repack this private repository whenever you feel like.
A recommended work cycle for a "subsystem maintainer" who works
on that project and has an own "public repository" goes like this:
-1. Prepare your work repository, by 'git clone' the public
+1. Prepare your work repository, by running 'git clone' on the public
repository of the "project lead". The URL used for the
initial cloning is stored in the remote.origin.url
configuration variable.
@@ -1543,9 +1543,9 @@ like this:
Working with Others, Shared Repository Style
--------------------------------------------
-If you are coming from CVS background, the style of cooperation
+If you are coming from a CVS background, the style of cooperation
suggested in the previous section may be new to you. You do not
-have to worry. Git supports "shared public repository" style of
+have to worry. Git supports the "shared public repository" style of
cooperation you are probably more familiar with as well.
See linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7] for the details.
@@ -1635,7 +1635,7 @@ $ git show-branch
++* [master~2] Pretty-print messages.
------------
-Note that you should not do Octopus because you can. An octopus
+Note that you should not do Octopus just because you can. An octopus
is a valid thing to do and often makes it easier to view the
commit history if you are merging more than two independent
changes at the same time. However, if you have merge conflicts
diff --git a/Documentation/giteveryday.txt b/Documentation/giteveryday.txt
index 35473ad02f..10c8ff93c0 100644
--- a/Documentation/giteveryday.txt
+++ b/Documentation/giteveryday.txt
@@ -307,9 +307,16 @@ master or exposed as a part of a stable branch.
<9> backport a critical fix.
<10> create a signed tag.
<11> make sure master was not accidentally rewound beyond that
-already pushed out. `ko` shorthand points at the Git maintainer's
+already pushed out.
+<12> In the output from `git show-branch`, `master` should have
+everything `ko/master` has, and `next` should have
+everything `ko/next` has, etc.
+<13> push out the bleeding edge, together with new tags that point
+into the pushed history.
+
+In this example, the `ko` shorthand points at the Git maintainer's
repository at kernel.org, and looks like this:
-+
+
------------
(in .git/config)
[remote "ko"]
@@ -320,12 +327,6 @@ repository at kernel.org, and looks like this:
push = +refs/heads/pu
push = refs/heads/maint
------------
-+
-<12> In the output from `git show-branch`, `master` should have
-everything `ko/master` has, and `next` should have
-everything `ko/next` has, etc.
-<13> push out the bleeding edge, together with new tags that point
-into the pushed history.
Repository Administration[[ADMINISTRATION]]
diff --git a/Documentation/gitk.txt b/Documentation/gitk.txt
index e382dd96df..ca96c281d1 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitk.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitk.txt
@@ -178,19 +178,21 @@ used by default. If '$XDG_CONFIG_HOME' is not set it defaults to
History
-------
Gitk was the first graphical repository browser. It's written in
-tcl/tk and started off in a separate repository but was later merged
-into the main Git repository.
+tcl/tk.
+'gitk' is actually maintained as an independent project, but stable
+versions are distributed as part of the Git suite for the convenience
+of end users.
+
+gitk-git/ comes from Paul Mackerras's gitk project:
+
+ git://ozlabs.org/~paulus/gitk
SEE ALSO
--------
'qgit(1)'::
A repository browser written in C++ using Qt.
-'gitview(1)'::
- A repository browser written in Python using Gtk. It's based on
- 'bzrk(1)' and distributed in the contrib area of the Git repository.
-
'tig(1)'::
A minimal repository browser and Git tool output highlighter written
in C using Ncurses.
diff --git a/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt b/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt
index 7685e3651a..b614969ad2 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt
@@ -61,22 +61,4 @@ For a simple local test, you can use linkgit:git-remote-ext[1]:
git clone ext::'git --namespace=foo %s /tmp/prefixed.git'
----------
-SECURITY
---------
-
-Anyone with access to any namespace within a repository can potentially
-access objects from any other namespace stored in the same repository.
-You can't directly say "give me object ABCD" if you don't have a ref to
-it, but you can do some other sneaky things like:
-
-. Claiming to push ABCD, at which point the server will optimize out the
- need for you to actually send it. Now you have a ref to ABCD and can
- fetch it (claiming not to have it, of course).
-
-. Requesting other refs, claiming that you have ABCD, at which point the
- server may generate deltas against ABCD.
-
-None of this causes a problem if you only host public repositories, or
-if everyone who may read one namespace may also read everything in every
-other namespace (for instance, if everyone in an organization has read
-permission to every repository).
+include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[]
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
index 3bcee2ddb1..47b286b33e 100644
--- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
@@ -199,6 +199,8 @@ endif::git-rev-list[]
than given and there are spaces on its left, use those spaces
- '%><(<N>)', '%><|(<N>)': similar to '% <(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)'
respectively, but padding both sides (i.e. the text is centered)
+-%(trailers): display the trailers of the body as interpreted by
+ linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1]
NOTE: Some placeholders may depend on other options given to the
revision traversal engine. For example, the `%g*` reflog options will
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt
index 540e455689..eb1fa9853e 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt
@@ -27,8 +27,6 @@ parse_pathspec(). This function takes several arguments:
- prefix and args come from cmd_* functions
-get_pathspec() is obsolete and should never be used in new code.
-
parse_pathspec() helps catch unsupported features and reject them
politely. At a lower level, different pathspec-related functions may
not support the same set of features. Such pathspec-sensitive
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt
index 941fa178dd..3dce003fda 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt
@@ -47,16 +47,20 @@ Functions
Can be passed to the config parsing infrastructure to parse
local (worktree) submodule configurations.
-`const struct submodule *submodule_from_path(const unsigned char *commit_sha1, const char *path)`::
+`const struct submodule *submodule_from_path(const unsigned char *treeish_name, const char *path)`::
- Lookup values for one submodule by its commit_sha1 and path.
+ Given a tree-ish in the superproject and a path, return the
+ submodule that is bound at the path in the named tree.
-`const struct submodule *submodule_from_name(const unsigned char *commit_sha1, const char *name)`::
+`const struct submodule *submodule_from_name(const unsigned char *treeish_name, const char *name)`::
The same as above but lookup by name.
-If given the null_sha1 as commit_sha1 the local configuration of a
-submodule will be returned (e.g. consolidated values from local git
+Whenever a submodule configuration is parsed in `parse_submodule_config_option`
+via e.g. `gitmodules_config()`, it will overwrite the null_sha1 entry.
+So in the normal case, when HEAD:.gitmodules is parsed first and then overlayed
+with the repository configuration, the null_sha1 entry contains the local
+configuration of a submodule (e.g. consolidated values from local git
configuration and the .gitmodules file in the worktree).
For an example usage see test-submodule-config.c.
diff --git a/Documentation/transfer-data-leaks.txt b/Documentation/transfer-data-leaks.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..914bacc39e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/transfer-data-leaks.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+SECURITY
+--------
+The fetch and push protocols are not designed to prevent one side from
+stealing data from the other repository that was not intended to be
+shared. If you have private data that you need to protect from a malicious
+peer, your best option is to store it in another repository. This applies
+to both clients and servers. In particular, namespaces on a server are not
+effective for read access control; you should only grant read access to a
+namespace to clients that you would trust with read access to the entire
+repository.
+
+The known attack vectors are as follows:
+
+. The victim sends "have" lines advertising the IDs of objects it has that
+ are not explicitly intended to be shared but can be used to optimize the
+ transfer if the peer also has them. The attacker chooses an object ID X
+ to steal and sends a ref to X, but isn't required to send the content of
+ X because the victim already has it. Now the victim believes that the
+ attacker has X, and it sends the content of X back to the attacker
+ later. (This attack is most straightforward for a client to perform on a
+ server, by creating a ref to X in the namespace the client has access
+ to and then fetching it. The most likely way for a server to perform it
+ on a client is to "merge" X into a public branch and hope that the user
+ does additional work on this branch and pushes it back to the server
+ without noticing the merge.)
+
+. As in #1, the attacker chooses an object ID X to steal. The victim sends
+ an object Y that the attacker already has, and the attacker falsely
+ claims to have X and not Y, so the victim sends Y as a delta against X.
+ The delta reveals regions of X that are similar to Y to the attacker.
diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.txt b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
index 5e07454572..bc29298678 100644
--- a/Documentation/user-manual.txt
+++ b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
@@ -4395,6 +4395,10 @@ itself!
Git Glossary
============
+[[git-explained]]
+Git explained
+-------------
+
include::glossary-content.txt[]
[[git-quick-start]]
@@ -4636,6 +4640,10 @@ $ git gc
Appendix B: Notes and todo list for this manual
===============================================
+[[todo-list]]
+Todo list
+---------
+
This is a work in progress.
The basic requirements: