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Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/gitattributes.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/gitattributes.txt | 132 |
1 files changed, 111 insertions, 21 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt index c4aebc4351..1195e83b6e 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt @@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ A `gitattributes` file is a simple text file that gives Each line in `gitattributes` file is of form: - glob attr1 attr2 ... + pattern attr1 attr2 ... -That is, a glob pattern followed by an attributes list, -separated by whitespaces. When the glob pattern matches the +That is, a pattern followed by an attributes list, +separated by whitespaces. When the pattern matches the path in question, the attributes listed on the line are given to the path. @@ -48,13 +48,14 @@ Set to a value:: Unspecified:: - No glob pattern matches the path, and nothing says if + No pattern matches the path, and nothing says if the path has or does not have the attribute, the attribute for the path is said to be Unspecified. -When more than one glob pattern matches the path, a later line +When more than one pattern matches the path, a later line overrides an earlier line. This overriding is done per -attribute. +attribute. The rules how the pattern matches paths are the +same as in `.gitignore` files; see linkgit:gitignore[5]. When deciding what attributes are assigned to a path, git consults `$GIT_DIR/info/attributes` file (which has the highest @@ -216,10 +217,12 @@ Generating diff text `diff` ^^^^^^ -The attribute `diff` affects if 'git-diff' generates textual -patch for the path or just says `Binary files differ`. It also -can affect what line is shown on the hunk header `@@ -k,l +n,m @@` -line. +The attribute `diff` affects how 'git' generates diffs for particular +files. It can tell git whether to generate a textual patch for the path +or to treat the path as a binary file. It can also affect what line is +shown on the hunk header `@@ -k,l +n,m @@` line, tell git to use an +external command to generate the diff, or ask git to convert binary +files to a text format before generating the diff. Set:: @@ -230,7 +233,8 @@ Set:: Unset:: A path to which the `diff` attribute is unset will - generate `Binary files differ`. + generate `Binary files differ` (or a binary patch, if + binary patches are enabled). Unspecified:: @@ -241,21 +245,21 @@ Unspecified:: String:: - Diff is shown using the specified custom diff driver. - The driver program is given its input using the same - calling convention as used for GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF - program. This name is also used for custom hunk header - selection. + Diff is shown using the specified diff driver. Each driver may + specify one or more options, as described in the following + section. The options for the diff driver "foo" are defined + by the configuration variables in the "diff.foo" section of the + git config file. -Defining a custom diff driver -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ +Defining an external diff driver +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The definition of a diff driver is done in `gitconfig`, not `gitattributes` file, so strictly speaking this manual page is a wrong place to talk about it. However... -To define a custom diff driver `jcdiff`, add a section to your +To define an external diff driver `jcdiff`, add a section to your `$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file) like this: ---------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -293,7 +297,8 @@ for paths. Then, you would define a "diff.tex.xfuncname" configuration to specify a regular expression that matches a line that you would -want to appear as the hunk header "TEXT", like this: +want to appear as the hunk header "TEXT". Add a section to your +`$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file) like this: ------------------------ [diff "tex"] @@ -314,15 +319,83 @@ patterns are available: - `bibtex` suitable for files with BibTeX coded references. +- `cpp` suitable for source code in the C and C++ languages. + +- `html` suitable for HTML/XHTML documents. + - `java` suitable for source code in the Java language. +- `objc` suitable for source code in the Objective-C language. + - `pascal` suitable for source code in the Pascal/Delphi language. +- `php` suitable for source code in the PHP language. + +- `python` suitable for source code in the Python language. + - `ruby` suitable for source code in the Ruby language. - `tex` suitable for source code for LaTeX documents. +Customizing word diff +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +You can customize the rules that `git diff --color-words` uses to +split words in a line, by specifying an appropriate regular expression +in the "diff.*.wordRegex" configuration variable. For example, in TeX +a backslash followed by a sequence of letters forms a command, but +several such commands can be run together without intervening +whitespace. To separate them, use a regular expression in your +`$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file) like this: + +------------------------ +[diff "tex"] + wordRegex = "\\\\[a-zA-Z]+|[{}]|\\\\.|[^\\{}[:space:]]+" +------------------------ + +A built-in pattern is provided for all languages listed in the +previous section. + + +Performing text diffs of binary files +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +Sometimes it is desirable to see the diff of a text-converted +version of some binary files. For example, a word processor +document can be converted to an ASCII text representation, and +the diff of the text shown. Even though this conversion loses +some information, the resulting diff is useful for human +viewing (but cannot be applied directly). + +The `textconv` config option is used to define a program for +performing such a conversion. The program should take a single +argument, the name of a file to convert, and produce the +resulting text on stdout. + +For example, to show the diff of the exif information of a +file instead of the binary information (assuming you have the +exif tool installed), add the following section to your +`$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file): + +------------------------ +[diff "jpg"] + textconv = exif +------------------------ + +NOTE: The text conversion is generally a one-way conversion; +in this example, we lose the actual image contents and focus +just on the text data. This means that diffs generated by +textconv are _not_ suitable for applying. For this reason, +only `git diff` and the `git log` family of commands (i.e., +log, whatchanged, show) will perform text conversion. `git +format-patch` will never generate this output. If you want to +send somebody a text-converted diff of a binary file (e.g., +because it quickly conveys the changes you have made), you +should generate it separately and send it as a comment _in +addition to_ the usual binary diff that you might send. + + Performing a three-way merge ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -331,7 +404,7 @@ Performing a three-way merge The attribute `merge` affects how three versions of a file is merged when a file-level merge is necessary during `git merge`, -and other programs such as `git revert` and `git cherry-pick`. +and other commands such as `git revert` and `git cherry-pick`. Set:: @@ -487,6 +560,23 @@ in the file. E.g. the string `$Format:%H$` will be replaced by the commit hash. +Viewing files in GUI tools +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +`encoding` +^^^^^^^^^^ + +The value of this attribute specifies the character encoding that should +be used by GUI tools (e.g. linkgit:gitk[1] and linkgit:git-gui[1]) to +display the contents of the relevant file. Note that due to performance +considerations linkgit:gitk[1] does not use this attribute unless you +manually enable per-file encodings in its options. + +If this attribute is not set or has an invalid value, the value of the +`gui.encoding` configuration variable is used instead +(See linkgit:git-config[1]). + + USING ATTRIBUTE MACROS ---------------------- |