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-rw-r--r--Documentation/git.txt824
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diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index e178fb5813..8b2c5424c4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -9,10 +9,11 @@ git - the stupid content tracker
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
-'git' [--version] [--exec-path[=GIT_EXEC_PATH]]
- [-p|--paginate|--no-pager]
- [--bare] [--git-dir=GIT_DIR] [--work-tree=GIT_WORK_TREE]
- [--help] COMMAND [ARGS]
+'git' [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]
+ [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
+ [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
+ [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
+ <command> [<args>]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
@@ -21,107 +22,392 @@ unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations
and full access to internals.
See linkgit:gittutorial[7] to get started, then see
-link:everyday.html[Everyday Git] for a useful minimum set of commands, and
-"man git-commandname" for documentation of each command. CVS users may
-also want to read linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7]. See
-the link:user-manual.html[Git User's Manual] for a more in-depth
-introduction.
+link:everyday.html[Everyday Git] for a useful minimum set of
+commands. The link:user-manual.html[Git User's Manual] has a more
+in-depth introduction.
-The COMMAND is either a name of a Git command (see below) or an alias
-as defined in the configuration file (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
+After you mastered the basic concepts, you can come back to this
+page to learn what commands Git offers. You can learn more about
+individual Git commands with "git help command". linkgit:gitcli[7]
+manual page gives you an overview of the command-line command syntax.
-Formatted and hyperlinked version of the latest git
-documentation can be viewed at
-`http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/`.
+Formatted and hyperlinked version of the latest Git documentation
+can be viewed at `http://git-htmldocs.googlecode.com/git/git.html`.
ifdef::stalenotes[]
[NOTE]
============
You are reading the documentation for the latest (possibly
-unreleased) version of git, that is available from 'master'
+unreleased) version of Git, that is available from the 'master'
branch of the `git.git` repository.
Documentation for older releases are available here:
-* link:v1.6.1/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.1]
+* link:v2.1.1/git.html[documentation for release 2.1.1]
* release notes for
- link:RelNotes-1.6.1.txt[1.6.1],
- link:RelNotes-1.6.0.txt[1.6.0].
+ link:RelNotes/2.1.1.txt[2.1.1],
+ link:RelNotes/2.1.0.txt[2.1].
-* link:v1.5.6.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.6.5]
+* link:v2.0.4/git.html[documentation for release 2.0.4]
* release notes for
- link:RelNotes-1.5.6.5.txt[1.5.6.5],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.6.4.txt[1.5.6.4],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.6.3.txt[1.5.6.3],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.6.2.txt[1.5.6.2],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.6.1.txt[1.5.6.1],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.6.txt[1.5.6].
+ link:RelNotes/2.0.4.txt[2.0.4],
+ link:RelNotes/2.0.3.txt[2.0.3],
+ link:RelNotes/2.0.2.txt[2.0.2],
+ link:RelNotes/2.0.1.txt[2.0.1],
+ link:RelNotes/2.0.0.txt[2.0.0].
-* link:v1.5.5.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.5.4]
+* link:v1.9.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.9.4]
* release notes for
- link:RelNotes-1.5.5.4.txt[1.5.5.4],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.5.3.txt[1.5.5.3],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.5.2.txt[1.5.5.2],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.5.1.txt[1.5.5.1],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.5.txt[1.5.5].
+ link:RelNotes/1.9.4.txt[1.9.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.9.3.txt[1.9.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.9.2.txt[1.9.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.9.1.txt[1.9.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.9.0.txt[1.9.0].
-* link:v1.5.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.4.5]
+* link:v1.8.5.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.5.5]
* release notes for
- link:RelNotes-1.5.4.5.txt[1.5.4.5],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.4.4.txt[1.5.4.4],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.4.3.txt[1.5.4.3],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.4.2.txt[1.5.4.2],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.4.1.txt[1.5.4.1],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.4.txt[1.5.4].
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.5.5.txt[1.8.5.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.5.4.txt[1.8.5.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.5.3.txt[1.8.5.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.5.2.txt[1.8.5.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.5.1.txt[1.8.5.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.5.txt[1.8.5].
+
+* link:v1.8.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.4.5]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.4.5.txt[1.8.4.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.4.4.txt[1.8.4.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.4.3.txt[1.8.4.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.4.2.txt[1.8.4.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.4.1.txt[1.8.4.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.4.txt[1.8.4].
+
+* link:v1.8.3.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.3.4]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.3.4.txt[1.8.3.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.3.3.txt[1.8.3.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.3.2.txt[1.8.3.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.3.1.txt[1.8.3.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.3.txt[1.8.3].
+
+* link:v1.8.2.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.2.3]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.2.3.txt[1.8.2.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.2.2.txt[1.8.2.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.2.1.txt[1.8.2.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.2.txt[1.8.2].
+
+* link:v1.8.1.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.1.6]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.1.6.txt[1.8.1.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.1.5.txt[1.8.1.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.1.4.txt[1.8.1.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.1.3.txt[1.8.1.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.1.2.txt[1.8.1.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.1.1.txt[1.8.1.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.1.txt[1.8.1].
+
+* link:v1.8.0.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.0.3]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.0.3.txt[1.8.0.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.0.2.txt[1.8.0.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.0.1.txt[1.8.0.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.8.0.txt[1.8.0].
+
+* link:v1.7.12.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.12.4]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.12.4.txt[1.7.12.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.12.3.txt[1.7.12.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.12.2.txt[1.7.12.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.12.1.txt[1.7.12.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.12.txt[1.7.12].
+
+* link:v1.7.11.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.11.7]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.11.7.txt[1.7.11.7],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.11.6.txt[1.7.11.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.11.5.txt[1.7.11.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.11.4.txt[1.7.11.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.11.3.txt[1.7.11.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.11.2.txt[1.7.11.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.11.1.txt[1.7.11.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.11.txt[1.7.11].
+
+* link:v1.7.10.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.10.5]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.10.5.txt[1.7.10.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.10.4.txt[1.7.10.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.10.3.txt[1.7.10.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.10.2.txt[1.7.10.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.10.1.txt[1.7.10.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.10.txt[1.7.10].
+
+* link:v1.7.9.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.9.7]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.9.7.txt[1.7.9.7],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.9.6.txt[1.7.9.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.9.5.txt[1.7.9.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.9.4.txt[1.7.9.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.9.3.txt[1.7.9.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.9.2.txt[1.7.9.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.9.1.txt[1.7.9.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.9.txt[1.7.9].
+
+* link:v1.7.8.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.8.6]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.8.6.txt[1.7.8.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.8.5.txt[1.7.8.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.8.4.txt[1.7.8.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.8.3.txt[1.7.8.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.8.2.txt[1.7.8.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.8.1.txt[1.7.8.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.8.txt[1.7.8].
+
+* link:v1.7.7.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.7.7]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.7.7.txt[1.7.7.7],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.7.6.txt[1.7.7.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.7.5.txt[1.7.7.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.7.4.txt[1.7.7.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.7.3.txt[1.7.7.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.7.2.txt[1.7.7.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.7.1.txt[1.7.7.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.7.txt[1.7.7].
+
+* link:v1.7.6.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.6.6]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.6.6.txt[1.7.6.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.6.5.txt[1.7.6.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.6.4.txt[1.7.6.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.6.3.txt[1.7.6.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.6.2.txt[1.7.6.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.6.1.txt[1.7.6.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.6.txt[1.7.6].
+
+* link:v1.7.5.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.5.4]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.5.4.txt[1.7.5.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt[1.7.5.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.5.2.txt[1.7.5.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.5.1.txt[1.7.5.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.5.txt[1.7.5].
+
+* link:v1.7.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.4.5]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.4.5.txt[1.7.4.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.4.4.txt[1.7.4.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.4.3.txt[1.7.4.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.4.2.txt[1.7.4.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.4.1.txt[1.7.4.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.4.txt[1.7.4].
+
+* link:v1.7.3.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.3.5]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.3.5.txt[1.7.3.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.3.4.txt[1.7.3.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.3.3.txt[1.7.3.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.3.2.txt[1.7.3.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.3.1.txt[1.7.3.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.3.txt[1.7.3].
+
+* link:v1.7.2.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.2.5]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.2.5.txt[1.7.2.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.2.4.txt[1.7.2.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.2.3.txt[1.7.2.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.2.2.txt[1.7.2.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.2.1.txt[1.7.2.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.2.txt[1.7.2].
+
+* link:v1.7.1.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.1.4]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.1.4.txt[1.7.1.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.1.3.txt[1.7.1.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.1.2.txt[1.7.1.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.1.1.txt[1.7.1.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.1.txt[1.7.1].
+
+* link:v1.7.0.9/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.0.9]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.0.9.txt[1.7.0.9],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.0.8.txt[1.7.0.8],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.0.7.txt[1.7.0.7],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.0.6.txt[1.7.0.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.0.5.txt[1.7.0.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.0.4.txt[1.7.0.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.0.3.txt[1.7.0.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.0.2.txt[1.7.0.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.0.1.txt[1.7.0.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.7.0.txt[1.7.0].
+
+* link:v1.6.6.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.6.3]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.6.3.txt[1.6.6.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.6.2.txt[1.6.6.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.6.1.txt[1.6.6.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.6.txt[1.6.6].
+
+* link:v1.6.5.9/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.5.9]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.5.9.txt[1.6.5.9],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.5.8.txt[1.6.5.8],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.5.7.txt[1.6.5.7],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.5.6.txt[1.6.5.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.5.5.txt[1.6.5.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.5.4.txt[1.6.5.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.5.3.txt[1.6.5.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.5.2.txt[1.6.5.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.5.1.txt[1.6.5.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.5.txt[1.6.5].
+
+* link:v1.6.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.4.5]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.4.5.txt[1.6.4.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.4.4.txt[1.6.4.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.4.3.txt[1.6.4.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.4.2.txt[1.6.4.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.4.1.txt[1.6.4.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.4.txt[1.6.4].
+
+* link:v1.6.3.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.3.4]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.3.4.txt[1.6.3.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.3.3.txt[1.6.3.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.3.2.txt[1.6.3.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.3.1.txt[1.6.3.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.3.txt[1.6.3].
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.2.5.txt[1.6.2.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.2.4.txt[1.6.2.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.2.3.txt[1.6.2.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.2.2.txt[1.6.2.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.2.1.txt[1.6.2.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.2.txt[1.6.2].
+
+* link:v1.6.1.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.1.3]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.1.3.txt[1.6.1.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.1.2.txt[1.6.1.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.1.1.txt[1.6.1.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.1.txt[1.6.1].
+
+* link:v1.6.0.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.0.6]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.0.6.txt[1.6.0.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.0.5.txt[1.6.0.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.0.4.txt[1.6.0.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.0.3.txt[1.6.0.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.0.2.txt[1.6.0.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.0.1.txt[1.6.0.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.6.0.txt[1.6.0].
+
+* link:v1.5.6.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.6.6]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.6.6.txt[1.5.6.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.6.5.txt[1.5.6.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.6.4.txt[1.5.6.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.6.3.txt[1.5.6.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.6.2.txt[1.5.6.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.6.1.txt[1.5.6.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.6.txt[1.5.6].
+
+* link:v1.5.5.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.5.6]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.5.6.txt[1.5.5.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.5.5.txt[1.5.5.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.5.4.txt[1.5.5.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.5.3.txt[1.5.5.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.5.2.txt[1.5.5.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.5.1.txt[1.5.5.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.5.txt[1.5.5].
+
+* link:v1.5.4.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.4.7]
+
+* release notes for
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.4.7.txt[1.5.4.7],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.4.6.txt[1.5.4.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.4.5.txt[1.5.4.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.4.4.txt[1.5.4.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.4.3.txt[1.5.4.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.4.2.txt[1.5.4.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.4.1.txt[1.5.4.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.4.txt[1.5.4].
* link:v1.5.3.8/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.3.8]
* release notes for
- link:RelNotes-1.5.3.8.txt[1.5.3.8],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.3.7.txt[1.5.3.7],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.3.6.txt[1.5.3.6],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.3.5.txt[1.5.3.5],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.3.4.txt[1.5.3.4],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.3.3.txt[1.5.3.3],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.3.2.txt[1.5.3.2],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.3.1.txt[1.5.3.1],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.3.txt[1.5.3].
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.3.8.txt[1.5.3.8],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.3.7.txt[1.5.3.7],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.3.6.txt[1.5.3.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.3.5.txt[1.5.3.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.3.4.txt[1.5.3.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.3.3.txt[1.5.3.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.3.2.txt[1.5.3.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.3.1.txt[1.5.3.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.3.txt[1.5.3].
* link:v1.5.2.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.2.5]
* release notes for
- link:RelNotes-1.5.2.5.txt[1.5.2.5],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.2.4.txt[1.5.2.4],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.2.3.txt[1.5.2.3],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.2.2.txt[1.5.2.2],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.2.1.txt[1.5.2.1],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.2.txt[1.5.2].
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.2.5.txt[1.5.2.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.2.4.txt[1.5.2.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.2.3.txt[1.5.2.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.2.2.txt[1.5.2.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.2.1.txt[1.5.2.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.2.txt[1.5.2].
* link:v1.5.1.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.1.6]
* release notes for
- link:RelNotes-1.5.1.6.txt[1.5.1.6],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.1.5.txt[1.5.1.5],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.1.4.txt[1.5.1.4],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.1.3.txt[1.5.1.3],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.1.2.txt[1.5.1.2],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.1.1.txt[1.5.1.1],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.1.txt[1.5.1].
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.1.6.txt[1.5.1.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.1.5.txt[1.5.1.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.1.4.txt[1.5.1.4],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.1.3.txt[1.5.1.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.1.2.txt[1.5.1.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.1.1.txt[1.5.1.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.1.txt[1.5.1].
* link:v1.5.0.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.0.7]
* release notes for
- link:RelNotes-1.5.0.7.txt[1.5.0.7],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.0.6.txt[1.5.0.6],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.0.5.txt[1.5.0.5],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.0.3.txt[1.5.0.3],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.0.2.txt[1.5.0.2],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.0.1.txt[1.5.0.1],
- link:RelNotes-1.5.0.txt[1.5.0].
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.0.7.txt[1.5.0.7],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.0.6.txt[1.5.0.6],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.0.5.txt[1.5.0.5],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.0.3.txt[1.5.0.3],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.0.2.txt[1.5.0.2],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.0.1.txt[1.5.0.1],
+ link:RelNotes/1.5.0.txt[1.5.0].
* documentation for release link:v1.4.4.4/git.html[1.4.4.4],
link:v1.3.3/git.html[1.3.3],
@@ -135,12 +421,12 @@ endif::stalenotes[]
OPTIONS
-------
--version::
- Prints the git suite version that the 'git' program came from.
+ Prints the Git suite version that the 'git' program came from.
--help::
Prints the synopsis and a list of the most commonly used
commands. If the option '--all' or '-a' is given then all
- available commands are printed. If a git command is named this
+ available commands are printed. If a Git command is named this
option will bring up the manual page for that command.
+
Other options are available to control how the manual page is
@@ -148,18 +434,58 @@ displayed. See linkgit:git-help[1] for more information,
because `git --help ...` is converted internally into `git
help ...`.
---exec-path::
- Path to wherever your core git programs are installed.
+-C <path>::
+ Run as if git was started in '<path>' instead of the current working
+ directory. When multiple `-C` options are given, each subsequent
+ non-absolute `-C <path>` is interpreted relative to the preceding `-C
+ <path>`.
++
+This option affects options that expect path name like `--git-dir` and
+`--work-tree` in that their interpretations of the path names would be
+made relative to the working directory caused by the `-C` option. For
+example the following invocations are equivalent:
+
+ git --git-dir=a.git --work-tree=b -C c status
+ git --git-dir=c/a.git --work-tree=c/b status
+
+-c <name>=<value>::
+ Pass a configuration parameter to the command. The value
+ given will override values from configuration files.
+ The <name> is expected in the same format as listed by
+ 'git config' (subkeys separated by dots).
++
+Note that omitting the `=` in `git -c foo.bar ...` is allowed and sets
+`foo.bar` to the boolean true value (just like `[foo]bar` would in a
+config file). Including the equals but with an empty value (like `git -c
+foo.bar= ...`) sets `foo.bar` to the empty string.
+
+--exec-path[=<path>]::
+ Path to wherever your core Git programs are installed.
This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_EXEC_PATH
environment variable. If no path is given, 'git' will print
the current setting and then exit.
+--html-path::
+ Print the path, without trailing slash, where Git's HTML
+ documentation is installed and exit.
+
+--man-path::
+ Print the manpath (see `man(1)`) for the man pages for
+ this version of Git and exit.
+
+--info-path::
+ Print the path where the Info files documenting this
+ version of Git are installed and exit.
+
-p::
--paginate::
- Pipe all output into 'less' (or if set, $PAGER).
+ Pipe all output into 'less' (or if set, $PAGER) if standard
+ output is a terminal. This overrides the `pager.<cmd>`
+ configuration options (see the "Configuration Mechanism" section
+ below).
--no-pager::
- Do not pipe git output into a pager.
+ Do not pipe Git output into a pager.
--git-dir=<path>::
Set the path to the repository. This can also be controlled by
@@ -167,44 +493,52 @@ help ...`.
path or relative path to current working directory.
--work-tree=<path>::
- Set the path to the working tree. The value will not be
- used in combination with repositories found automatically in
- a .git directory (i.e. $GIT_DIR is not set).
+ Set the path to the working tree. It can be an absolute path
+ or a path relative to the current working directory.
This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_WORK_TREE
environment variable and the core.worktree configuration
- variable. It can be an absolute path or relative path to
- the directory specified by --git-dir or GIT_DIR.
- Note: If --git-dir or GIT_DIR are specified but none of
- --work-tree, GIT_WORK_TREE and core.worktree is specified,
- the current working directory is regarded as the top directory
- of your working tree.
+ variable (see core.worktree in linkgit:git-config[1] for a
+ more detailed discussion).
+
+--namespace=<path>::
+ Set the Git namespace. See linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for more
+ details. Equivalent to setting the `GIT_NAMESPACE` environment
+ variable.
--bare::
Treat the repository as a bare repository. If GIT_DIR
environment is not set, it is set to the current working
directory.
+--no-replace-objects::
+ Do not use replacement refs to replace Git objects. See
+ linkgit:git-replace[1] for more information.
-FURTHER DOCUMENTATION
----------------------
+--literal-pathspecs::
+ Treat pathspecs literally (i.e. no globbing, no pathspec magic).
+ This is equivalent to setting the `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS` environment
+ variable to `1`.
-See the references above to get started using git. The following is
-probably more detail than necessary for a first-time user.
+--glob-pathspecs::
+ Add "glob" magic to all pathspec. This is equivalent to setting
+ the `GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS` environment variable to `1`. Disabling
+ globbing on individual pathspecs can be done using pathspec
+ magic ":(literal)"
-The link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[git concepts chapter of the
-user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] both provide
-introductions to the underlying git architecture.
-
-See also the link:howto-index.html[howto] documents for some useful
-examples.
+--noglob-pathspecs::
+ Add "literal" magic to all pathspec. This is equivalent to setting
+ the `GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS` environment variable to `1`. Enabling
+ globbing on individual pathspecs can be done using pathspec
+ magic ":(glob)"
-The internals are documented in the
-link:technical/api-index.html[GIT API documentation].
+--icase-pathspecs::
+ Add "icase" magic to all pathspec. This is equivalent to setting
+ the `GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS` environment variable to `1`.
GIT COMMANDS
------------
-We divide git into high level ("porcelain") commands and low level
+We divide Git into high level ("porcelain") commands and low level
("plumbing") commands.
High-level commands (porcelain)
@@ -241,7 +575,7 @@ include::cmds-foreignscminterface.txt[]
Low-level commands (plumbing)
-----------------------------
-Although git includes its
+Although Git includes its
own porcelain layer, its low-level commands are sufficient to support
development of alternative porcelains. Developers of such porcelains
might start by reading about linkgit:git-update-index[1] and
@@ -281,7 +615,7 @@ Synching repositories
include::cmds-synchingrepositories.txt[]
-The following are helper programs used by the above; end users
+The following are helper commands used by the above; end users
typically do not use them directly.
include::cmds-synchelpers.txt[]
@@ -299,10 +633,9 @@ include::cmds-purehelpers.txt[]
Configuration Mechanism
-----------------------
-Starting from 0.99.9 (actually mid 0.99.8.GIT), `.git/config` file
-is used to hold per-repository configuration options. It is a
-simple text file modeled after `.ini` format familiar to some
-people. Here is an example:
+Git uses a simple text format to store customizations that are per
+repository and are per user. Such a configuration file may look
+like this:
------------
#
@@ -317,12 +650,13 @@ people. Here is an example:
; user identity
[user]
name = "Junio C Hamano"
- email = "junkio@twinsun.com"
+ email = "gitster@pobox.com"
------------
Various commands read from the configuration file and adjust
-their operation accordingly.
+their operation accordingly. See linkgit:git-config[1] for a
+list and more details about the configuration mechanism.
Identifier Terminology
@@ -361,23 +695,22 @@ Identifier Terminology
Symbolic Identifiers
--------------------
-Any git command accepting any <object> can also use the following
+Any Git command accepting any <object> can also use the following
symbolic notation:
HEAD::
- indicates the head of the current branch (i.e. the
- contents of `$GIT_DIR/HEAD`).
+ indicates the head of the current branch.
<tag>::
a valid tag 'name'
- (i.e. the contents of `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags/<tag>`).
+ (i.e. a `refs/tags/<tag>` reference).
<head>::
a valid head 'name'
- (i.e. the contents of `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/<head>`).
+ (i.e. a `refs/heads/<head>` reference).
For a more complete list of ways to spell object names, see
-"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
+"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
File/Directory Structure
@@ -398,19 +731,24 @@ Please see linkgit:gitglossary[7].
Environment Variables
---------------------
-Various git commands use the following environment variables:
+Various Git commands use the following environment variables:
-The git Repository
+The Git Repository
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-These environment variables apply to 'all' core git commands. Nb: it
+These environment variables apply to 'all' core Git commands. Nb: it
is worth noting that they may be used/overridden by SCMS sitting above
-git so take care if using Cogito etc.
+Git so take care if using Cogito etc.
'GIT_INDEX_FILE'::
This environment allows the specification of an alternate
index file. If not specified, the default of `$GIT_DIR/index`
is used.
+'GIT_INDEX_VERSION'::
+ This environment variable allows the specification of an index
+ version for new repositories. It won't affect existing index
+ files. By default index file version [23] is used.
+
'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY'::
If the object storage directory is specified via this
environment variable then the sha1 directories are created
@@ -418,33 +756,53 @@ git so take care if using Cogito etc.
directory is used.
'GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES'::
- Due to the immutable nature of git objects, old objects can be
+ Due to the immutable nature of Git objects, old objects can be
archived into shared, read-only directories. This variable
specifies a ":" separated (on Windows ";" separated) list
- of git object directories which can be used to search for git
+ of Git object directories which can be used to search for Git
objects. New objects will not be written to these directories.
'GIT_DIR'::
If the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable is set then it
specifies a path to use instead of the default `.git`
for the base of the repository.
+ The '--git-dir' command-line option also sets this value.
'GIT_WORK_TREE'::
- Set the path to the working tree. The value will not be
- used in combination with repositories found automatically in
- a .git directory (i.e. $GIT_DIR is not set).
- This can also be controlled by the '--work-tree' command line
+ Set the path to the root of the working tree.
+ This can also be controlled by the '--work-tree' command-line
option and the core.worktree configuration variable.
+'GIT_NAMESPACE'::
+ Set the Git namespace; see linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for details.
+ The '--namespace' command-line option also sets this value.
+
'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES'::
- This should be a colon-separated list of absolute paths.
- If set, it is a list of directories that git should not chdir
- up into while looking for a repository directory.
- It will not exclude the current working directory or
- a GIT_DIR set on the command line or in the environment.
- (Useful for excluding slow-loading network directories.)
-
-git Commits
+ This should be a colon-separated list of absolute paths. If
+ set, it is a list of directories that Git should not chdir up
+ into while looking for a repository directory (useful for
+ excluding slow-loading network directories). It will not
+ exclude the current working directory or a GIT_DIR set on the
+ command line or in the environment. Normally, Git has to read
+ the entries in this list and resolve any symlink that
+ might be present in order to compare them with the current
+ directory. However, if even this access is slow, you
+ can add an empty entry to the list to tell Git that the
+ subsequent entries are not symlinks and needn't be resolved;
+ e.g.,
+ 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=/maybe/symlink::/very/slow/non/symlink'.
+
+'GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM'::
+ When run in a directory that does not have ".git" repository
+ directory, Git tries to find such a directory in the parent
+ directories to find the top of the working tree, but by default it
+ does not cross filesystem boundaries. This environment variable
+ can be set to true to tell Git not to stop at filesystem
+ boundaries. Like 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES', this will not affect
+ an explicit repository directory set via 'GIT_DIR' or on the
+ command line.
+
+Git Commits
~~~~~~~~~~~
'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME'::
'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL'::
@@ -455,13 +813,13 @@ git Commits
'EMAIL'::
see linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]
-git Diffs
+Git Diffs
~~~~~~~~~
'GIT_DIFF_OPTS'::
Only valid setting is "--unified=??" or "-u??" to set the
number of context lines shown when a unified diff is created.
This takes precedence over any "-U" or "--unified" option
- value passed on the git diff command line.
+ value passed on the Git diff command line.
'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF'::
When the environment variable 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is set, the
@@ -475,9 +833,8 @@ where:
<old|new>-file:: are files GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF can use to read the
contents of <old|new>,
- <old|new>-hex:: are the 40-hexdigit SHA1 hashes,
+ <old|new>-hex:: are the 40-hexdigit SHA-1 hashes,
<old|new>-mode:: are the octal representation of the file modes.
-
+
The file parameters can point at the user's working file
(e.g. `new-file` in "git-diff-files"), `/dev/null` (e.g. `old-file`
@@ -487,6 +844,15 @@ temporary file --- it is removed when 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' exits.
+
For a path that is unmerged, 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called with 1
parameter, <path>.
++
+For each path 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called, two environment variables,
+'GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER' and 'GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL' are set.
+
+'GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER'::
+ A 1-based counter incremented by one for every path.
+
+'GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL'::
+ The total number of paths.
other
~~~~~
@@ -497,17 +863,26 @@ other
'GIT_PAGER'::
This environment variable overrides `$PAGER`. If it is set
- to an empty string or to the value "cat", git will not launch
+ to an empty string or to the value "cat", Git will not launch
a pager. See also the `core.pager` option in
linkgit:git-config[1].
+'GIT_EDITOR'::
+ This environment variable overrides `$EDITOR` and `$VISUAL`.
+ It is used by several Git commands when, on interactive mode,
+ an editor is to be launched. See also linkgit:git-var[1]
+ and the `core.editor` option in linkgit:git-config[1].
+
'GIT_SSH'::
- If this environment variable is set then 'git-fetch'
- and 'git-push' will use this command instead
+ If this environment variable is set then 'git fetch'
+ and 'git push' will use this command instead
of 'ssh' when they need to connect to a remote system.
- The '$GIT_SSH' command will be given exactly two arguments:
- the 'username@host' (or just 'host') from the URL and the
- shell command to execute on that remote system.
+ The '$GIT_SSH' command will be given exactly two or
+ four arguments: the 'username@host' (or just 'host')
+ from the URL and the shell command to execute on that
+ remote system, optionally preceded by '-p' (literally) and
+ the 'port' from the URL when it specifies something other
+ than the default SSH port.
+
To pass options to the program that you want to list in GIT_SSH
you will need to wrap the program and options into a shell script,
@@ -517,38 +892,122 @@ Usually it is easier to configure any desired options through your
personal `.ssh/config` file. Please consult your ssh documentation
for further details.
+'GIT_ASKPASS'::
+ If this environment variable is set, then Git commands which need to
+ acquire passwords or passphrases (e.g. for HTTP or IMAP authentication)
+ will call this program with a suitable prompt as command-line argument
+ and read the password from its STDOUT. See also the 'core.askpass'
+ option in linkgit:git-config[1].
+
+'GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM'::
+ Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
+ `$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file. This environment variable can
+ be used along with `$HOME` and `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` to create a
+ predictable environment for a picky script, or you can set it
+ temporarily to avoid using a buggy `/etc/gitconfig` file while
+ waiting for someone with sufficient permissions to fix it.
+
'GIT_FLUSH'::
If this environment variable is set to "1", then commands such
- as 'git-blame' (in incremental mode), 'git-rev-list', 'git-log',
- and 'git-whatchanged' will force a flush of the output stream
- after each commit-oriented record have been flushed. If this
+ as 'git blame' (in incremental mode), 'git rev-list', 'git log',
+ 'git check-attr' and 'git check-ignore' will
+ force a flush of the output stream after each record have been
+ flushed. If this
variable is set to "0", the output of these commands will be done
using completely buffered I/O. If this environment variable is
- not set, git will choose buffered or record-oriented flushing
+ not set, Git will choose buffered or record-oriented flushing
based on whether stdout appears to be redirected to a file or not.
'GIT_TRACE'::
- If this variable is set to "1", "2" or "true" (comparison
- is case insensitive), git will print `trace:` messages on
- stderr telling about alias expansion, built-in command
- execution and external command execution.
- If this variable is set to an integer value greater than 1
- and lower than 10 (strictly) then git will interpret this
- value as an open file descriptor and will try to write the
- trace messages into this file descriptor.
- Alternatively, if this variable is set to an absolute path
- (starting with a '/' character), git will interpret this
- as a file path and will try to write the trace messages
- into it.
+ Enables general trace messages, e.g. alias expansion, built-in
+ command execution and external command execution.
++
+If this variable is set to "1", "2" or "true" (comparison
+is case insensitive), trace messages will be printed to
+stderr.
++
+If the variable is set to an integer value greater than 2
+and lower than 10 (strictly) then Git will interpret this
+value as an open file descriptor and will try to write the
+trace messages into this file descriptor.
++
+Alternatively, if the variable is set to an absolute path
+(starting with a '/' character), Git will interpret this
+as a file path and will try to write the trace messages
+into it.
++
+Unsetting the variable, or setting it to empty, "0" or
+"false" (case insensitive) disables trace messages.
+
+'GIT_TRACE_PACK_ACCESS'::
+ Enables trace messages for all accesses to any packs. For each
+ access, the pack file name and an offset in the pack is
+ recorded. This may be helpful for troubleshooting some
+ pack-related performance problems.
+ See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+
+'GIT_TRACE_PACKET'::
+ Enables trace messages for all packets coming in or out of a
+ given program. This can help with debugging object negotiation
+ or other protocol issues. Tracing is turned off at a packet
+ starting with "PACK".
+ See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+
+'GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE'::
+ Enables performance related trace messages, e.g. total execution
+ time of each Git command.
+ See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+
+'GIT_TRACE_SETUP'::
+ Enables trace messages printing the .git, working tree and current
+ working directory after Git has completed its setup phase.
+ See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+
+'GIT_TRACE_SHALLOW'::
+ Enables trace messages that can help debugging fetching /
+ cloning of shallow repositories.
+ See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
+
+GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS::
+ Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
+ pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. For example,
+ running `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS=1 git log -- '*.c'` will search
+ for commits that touch the path `*.c`, not any paths that the
+ glob `*.c` matches. You might want this if you are feeding
+ literal paths to Git (e.g., paths previously given to you by
+ `git ls-tree`, `--raw` diff output, etc).
+
+GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS::
+ Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
+ pathspecs as glob patterns (aka "glob" magic).
+
+GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS::
+ Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
+ pathspecs as literal (aka "literal" magic).
+
+GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS::
+ Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
+ pathspecs as case-insensitive.
+
+'GIT_REFLOG_ACTION'::
+ When a ref is updated, reflog entries are created to keep
+ track of the reason why the ref was updated (which is
+ typically the name of the high-level command that updated
+ the ref), in addition to the old and new values of the ref.
+ A scripted Porcelain command can use set_reflog_action
+ helper function in `git-sh-setup` to set its name to this
+ variable when it is invoked as the top level command by the
+ end user, to be recorded in the body of the reflog.
+
Discussion[[Discussion]]
------------------------
More detail on the following is available from the
-link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[git concepts chapter of the
+link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[Git concepts chapter of the
user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7].
-A git project normally consists of a working directory with a ".git"
+A Git project normally consists of a working directory with a ".git"
subdirectory at the top level. The .git directory contains, among other
things, a compressed object database representing the complete history
of the project, an "index" file which links that history to the current
@@ -565,7 +1024,7 @@ The commit, equivalent to what other systems call a "changeset" or
represents an immediately preceding step. Commits with more than one
parent represent merges of independent lines of development.
-All objects are named by the SHA1 hash of their contents, normally
+All objects are named by the SHA-1 hash of their contents, normally
written as a string of 40 hex digits. Such names are globally unique.
The entire history leading up to a commit can be vouched for by signing
just that commit. A fourth object type, the tag, is provided for this
@@ -575,9 +1034,9 @@ When first created, objects are stored in individual files, but for
efficiency may later be compressed together into "pack files".
Named pointers called refs mark interesting points in history. A ref
-may contain the SHA1 name of an object or the name of another ref. Refs
-with names beginning `ref/head/` contain the SHA1 name of the most
-recent commit (or "head") of a branch under development. SHA1 names of
+may contain the SHA-1 name of an object or the name of another ref. Refs
+with names beginning `ref/head/` contain the SHA-1 name of the most
+recent commit (or "head") of a branch under development. SHA-1 names of
tags of interest are stored under `ref/tags/`. A special ref named
`HEAD` contains the name of the currently checked-out branch.
@@ -594,25 +1053,54 @@ The index is also capable of storing multiple entries (called "stages")
for a given pathname. These stages are used to hold the various
unmerged version of a file when a merge is in progress.
+FURTHER DOCUMENTATION
+---------------------
+
+See the references in the "description" section to get started
+using Git. The following is probably more detail than necessary
+for a first-time user.
+
+The link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[Git concepts chapter of the
+user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] both provide
+introductions to the underlying Git architecture.
+
+See linkgit:gitworkflows[7] for an overview of recommended workflows.
+
+See also the link:howto-index.html[howto] documents for some useful
+examples.
+
+The internals are documented in the
+link:technical/api-index.html[Git API documentation].
+
+Users migrating from CVS may also want to
+read linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
+
+
Authors
-------
-* git's founding father is Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>.
-* The current git nurse is Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>.
-* The git potty was written by Andreas Ericsson <ae@op5.se>.
-* General upbringing is handled by the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+Git was started by Linus Torvalds, and is currently maintained by Junio
+C Hamano. Numerous contributions have come from the Git mailing list
+<git@vger.kernel.org>. http://www.openhub.net/p/git/contributors/summary
+gives you a more complete list of contributors.
+
+If you have a clone of git.git itself, the
+output of linkgit:git-shortlog[1] and linkgit:git-blame[1] can show you
+the authors for specific parts of the project.
-Documentation
+Reporting Bugs
--------------
-The documentation for git suite was started by David Greaves
-<david@dgreaves.com>, and later enhanced greatly by the
-contributors on the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+
+Report bugs to the Git mailing list <git@vger.kernel.org> where the
+development and maintenance is primarily done. You do not have to be
+subscribed to the list to send a message there.
SEE ALSO
--------
linkgit:gittutorial[7], linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
link:everyday.html[Everyday Git], linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
linkgit:gitglossary[7], linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
-linkgit:gitcli[7], link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
+linkgit:gitcli[7], link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual],
+linkgit:gitworkflows[7]
GIT
---