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Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/git-stash.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/git-stash.txt | 190 |
1 files changed, 147 insertions, 43 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stash.txt b/Documentation/git-stash.txt index 05f40cff6c..0aa4e20eae 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-stash.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-stash.txt @@ -8,44 +8,73 @@ git-stash - Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git-stash' (list | show [<stash>] | apply [<stash>] | clear) -'git-stash' [save] [message...] +'git stash' list [<options>] +'git stash' show [<stash>] +'git stash' drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>] +'git stash' ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>] +'git stash' branch <branchname> [<stash>] +'git stash' [save [--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] + [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [<message>]] +'git stash' clear +'git stash' create DESCRIPTION ----------- -Use 'git-stash' when you want to record the current state of the +Use `git stash` when you want to record the current state of the working directory and the index, but want to go back to a clean working directory. The command saves your local modifications away and reverts the working directory to match the `HEAD` commit. The modifications stashed away by this command can be listed with -`git-stash list`, inspected with `git-stash show`, and restored -(potentially on top of a different commit) with `git-stash apply`. -Calling git-stash without any arguments is equivalent to `git-stash -save`. A stash is by default listed as "WIP on 'branchname' ...", but +`git stash list`, inspected with `git stash show`, and restored +(potentially on top of a different commit) with `git stash apply`. +Calling `git stash` without any arguments is equivalent to `git stash save`. +A stash is by default listed as "WIP on 'branchname' ...", but you can give a more descriptive message on the command line when you create one. -The latest stash you created is stored in `$GIT_DIR/refs/stash`; older +The latest stash you created is stored in `refs/stash`; older stashes are found in the reflog of this reference and can be named using -the usual reflog syntax (e.g. `stash@\{0}` is the most recently -created stash, `stash@\{1}` is the one before it, `stash@\{2.hours.ago}` +the usual reflog syntax (e.g. `stash@{0}` is the most recently +created stash, `stash@{1}` is the one before it, `stash@{2.hours.ago}` is also possible). OPTIONS ------- -save:: +save [-p|--patch] [--[no-]keep-index] [-u|--include-untracked] [-a|--all] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]:: - Save your local modifications to a new 'stash', and run `git-reset - --hard` to revert them. This is the default action when no - subcommand is given. + Save your local modifications to a new 'stash', and run `git reset + --hard` to revert them. The <message> part is optional and gives + the description along with the stashed state. For quickly making + a snapshot, you can omit _both_ "save" and <message>, but giving + only <message> does not trigger this action to prevent a misspelled + subcommand from making an unwanted stash. ++ +If the `--keep-index` option is used, all changes already added to the +index are left intact. ++ +If the `--include-untracked` option is used, all untracked files are also +stashed and then cleaned up with `git clean`, leaving the working directory +in a very clean state. If the `--all` option is used instead then the +ignored files are stashed and cleaned in addition to the untracked files. ++ +With `--patch`, you can interactively select hunks from the diff +between HEAD and the working tree to be stashed. The stash entry is +constructed such that its index state is the same as the index state +of your repository, and its worktree contains only the changes you +selected interactively. The selected changes are then rolled back +from your worktree. See the ``Interactive Mode'' section of +linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode. ++ +The `--patch` option implies `--keep-index`. You can use +`--no-keep-index` to override this. -list:: +list [<options>]:: List the stashes that you currently have. Each 'stash' is listed - with its name (e.g. `stash@\{0}` is the latest stash, `stash@\{1}` is + with its name (e.g. `stash@{0}` is the latest stash, `stash@{1}` is the one before, etc.), the name of the branch that was current when the stash was made, and a short description of the commit the stash was based on. @@ -54,27 +83,74 @@ list:: stash@{0}: WIP on submit: 6ebd0e2... Update git-stash documentation stash@{1}: On master: 9cc0589... Add git-stash ---------------------------------------------------------------- ++ +The command takes options applicable to the 'git log' +command to control what is shown and how. See linkgit:git-log[1]. show [<stash>]:: - Show the changes recorded in the stash as a diff between the the + Show the changes recorded in the stash as a diff between the stashed state and its original parent. When no `<stash>` is given, shows the latest one. By default, the command shows the diffstat, but - it will accept any format known to `git-diff` (e.g., `git-stash show - -p stash@\{1}` to view the second most recent stash in patch form). + it will accept any format known to 'git diff' (e.g., `git stash show + -p stash@{1}` to view the second most recent stash in patch form). + +pop [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]:: + + Remove a single stashed state from the stash list and apply it + on top of the current working tree state, i.e., do the inverse + operation of `git stash save`. The working directory must + match the index. ++ +Applying the state can fail with conflicts; in this case, it is not +removed from the stash list. You need to resolve the conflicts by hand +and call `git stash drop` manually afterwards. ++ +If the `--index` option is used, then tries to reinstate not only the working +tree's changes, but also the index's ones. However, this can fail, when you +have conflicts (which are stored in the index, where you therefore can no +longer apply the changes as they were originally). ++ +When no `<stash>` is given, `stash@{0}` is assumed, otherwise `<stash>` must +be a reference of the form `stash@{<revision>}`. + +apply [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]:: -apply [<stash>]:: + Like `pop`, but do not remove the state from the stash list. Unlike `pop`, + `<stash>` may be any commit that looks like a commit created by + `stash save` or `stash create`. - Restore the changes recorded in the stash on top of the current - working tree state. When no `<stash>` is given, applies the latest - one. The working directory must match the index. +branch <branchname> [<stash>]:: + + Creates and checks out a new branch named `<branchname>` starting from + the commit at which the `<stash>` was originally created, applies the + changes recorded in `<stash>` to the new working tree and index. + If that succeeds, and `<stash>` is a reference of the form + `stash@{<revision>}`, it then drops the `<stash>`. When no `<stash>` + is given, applies the latest one. + -This operation can fail with conflicts; you need to resolve them -by hand in the working tree. +This is useful if the branch on which you ran `git stash save` has +changed enough that `git stash apply` fails due to conflicts. Since +the stash is applied on top of the commit that was HEAD at the time +`git stash` was run, it restores the originally stashed state with +no conflicts. clear:: Remove all the stashed states. Note that those states will then - be subject to pruning, and may be difficult or impossible to recover. + be subject to pruning, and may be impossible to recover (see + 'Examples' below for a possible strategy). + +drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]:: + + Remove a single stashed state from the stash list. When no `<stash>` + is given, it removes the latest one. i.e. `stash@{0}`, otherwise + `<stash>` must a valid stash log reference of the form + `stash@{<revision>}`. + +create:: + + Create a stash (which is a regular commit object) and return its + object name, without storing it anywhere in the ref namespace. DISCUSSION @@ -112,11 +188,11 @@ perform a pull, and then unstash, like this: + ---------------------------------------------------------------- $ git pull -... + ... file foobar not up to date, cannot merge. $ git stash $ git pull -$ git stash apply +$ git stash pop ---------------------------------------------------------------- Interrupted workflow:: @@ -127,7 +203,7 @@ make a commit to a temporary branch to store your changes away, and return to your original branch to make the emergency fix, like this: + ---------------------------------------------------------------- -... hack hack hack ... +# ... hack hack hack ... $ git checkout -b my_wip $ git commit -a -m "WIP" $ git checkout master @@ -135,31 +211,59 @@ $ edit emergency fix $ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry" $ git checkout my_wip $ git reset --soft HEAD^ -... continue hacking ... +# ... continue hacking ... ---------------------------------------------------------------- + -You can use `git-stash` to simplify the above, like this: +You can use 'git stash' to simplify the above, like this: + ---------------------------------------------------------------- -... hack hack hack ... +# ... hack hack hack ... $ git stash $ edit emergency fix $ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry" -$ git stash apply -... continue hacking ... +$ git stash pop +# ... continue hacking ... +---------------------------------------------------------------- + +Testing partial commits:: + +You can use `git stash save --keep-index` when you want to make two or +more commits out of the changes in the work tree, and you want to test +each change before committing: ++ +---------------------------------------------------------------- +# ... hack hack hack ... +$ git add --patch foo # add just first part to the index +$ git stash save --keep-index # save all other changes to the stash +$ edit/build/test first part +$ git commit -m 'First part' # commit fully tested change +$ git stash pop # prepare to work on all other changes +# ... repeat above five steps until one commit remains ... +$ edit/build/test remaining parts +$ git commit foo -m 'Remaining parts' ---------------------------------------------------------------- +Recovering stashes that were cleared/dropped erroneously:: + +If you mistakenly drop or clear stashes, they cannot be recovered +through the normal safety mechanisms. However, you can try the +following incantation to get a list of stashes that are still in your +repository, but not reachable any more: ++ +---------------------------------------------------------------- +git fsck --unreachable | +grep commit | cut -d\ -f3 | +xargs git log --merges --no-walk --grep=WIP +---------------------------------------------------------------- + + SEE ALSO -------- -gitlink:git-checkout[1], -gitlink:git-commit[1], -gitlink:git-reflog[1], -gitlink:git-reset[1] - -AUTHOR ------- -Written by Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@bluebottle.com> +linkgit:git-checkout[1], +linkgit:git-commit[1], +linkgit:git-reflog[1], +linkgit:git-reset[1] GIT --- -Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite +Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite |