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diff --git a/Documentation/git-reset.txt b/Documentation/git-reset.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b27399dd41 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/git-reset.txt @@ -0,0 +1,182 @@ +git-reset(1) +============ + +NAME +---- +git-reset - Reset current HEAD to the specified state + +SYNOPSIS +-------- +'git-reset' [--mixed | --soft | --hard] [<commit-ish>] + +DESCRIPTION +----------- +Sets the current head to the specified commit and optionally resets the +index and working tree to match. + +This command is useful if you notice some small error in a recent +commit (or set of commits) and want to redo that part without showing +the undo in the history. + +If you want to undo a commit other than the latest on a branch, +gitlink:git-revert[1] is your friend. + +OPTIONS +------- +--mixed:: + Resets the index but not the working tree (ie, the changed files + are preserved but not marked for commit) and reports what has not + been updated. This is the default action. + +--soft:: + Does not touch the index file nor the working tree at all, but + requires them to be in a good order. This leaves all your changed + files "Updated but not checked in", as gitlink:git-status[1] would + put it. + +--hard:: + Matches the working tree and index to that of the tree being + switched to. Any changes to tracked files in the working tree + since <commit-ish> are lost. + +<commit-ish>:: + Commit to make the current HEAD. + +Examples +-------- + +Undo a commit and redo:: ++ +------------ +$ git commit ... +$ git reset --soft HEAD^ <1> +$ edit <2> +$ git commit -a -c ORIG_HEAD <3> +------------ ++ +<1> This is most often done when you remembered what you +just committed is incomplete, or you misspelled your commit +message, or both. Leaves working tree as it was before "reset". +<2> make corrections to working tree files. +<3> "reset" copies the old head to .git/ORIG_HEAD; redo the +commit by starting with its log message. If you do not need to +edit the message further, you can give -C option instead. + +Undo commits permanently:: ++ +------------ +$ git commit ... +$ git reset --hard HEAD~3 <1> +------------ ++ +<1> The last three commits (HEAD, HEAD^, and HEAD~2) were bad +and you do not want to ever see them again. Do *not* do this if +you have already given these commits to somebody else. + +Undo a commit, making it a topic branch:: ++ +------------ +$ git branch topic/wip <1> +$ git reset --hard HEAD~3 <2> +$ git checkout topic/wip <3> +------------ ++ +<1> You have made some commits, but realize they were premature +to be in the "master" branch. You want to continue polishing +them in a topic branch, so create "topic/wip" branch off of the +current HEAD. +<2> Rewind the master branch to get rid of those three commits. +<3> Switch to "topic/wip" branch and keep working. + +Undo update-index:: ++ +------------ +$ edit <1> +$ git-update-index frotz.c filfre.c +$ mailx <2> +$ git reset <3> +$ git pull git://info.example.com/ nitfol <4> +------------ ++ +<1> you are happily working on something, and find the changes +in these files are in good order. You do not want to see them +when you run "git diff", because you plan to work on other files +and changes with these files are distracting. +<2> somebody asks you to pull, and the changes sounds worthy of merging. +<3> however, you already dirtied the index (i.e. your index does +not match the HEAD commit). But you know the pull you are going +to make does not affect frotz.c nor filfre.c, so you revert the +index changes for these two files. Your changes in working tree +remain there. +<4> then you can pull and merge, leaving frotz.c and filfre.c +changes still in the working tree. + +Undo a merge or pull:: ++ +------------ +$ git pull <1> +Trying really trivial in-index merge... +fatal: Merge requires file-level merging +Nope. +... +Auto-merging nitfol +CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in nitfol +Automatic merge failed/prevented; fix up by hand +$ git reset --hard <2> +$ git pull . topic/branch <3> +Updating from 41223... to 13134... +Fast forward +$ git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD <4> +------------ ++ +<1> try to update from the upstream resulted in a lot of +conflicts; you were not ready to spend a lot of time merging +right now, so you decide to do that later. +<2> "pull" has not made merge commit, so "git reset --hard" +which is a synonym for "git reset --hard HEAD" clears the mess +from the index file and the working tree. +<3> merge a topic branch into the current branch, which resulted +in a fast forward. +<4> but you decided that the topic branch is not ready for public +consumption yet. "pull" or "merge" always leaves the original +tip of the current branch in ORIG_HEAD, so resetting hard to it +brings your index file and the working tree back to that state, +and resets the tip of the branch to that commit. + +Interrupted workflow:: ++ +Suppose you are interrupted by an urgent fix request while you +are in the middle of a large change. The files in your +working tree are not in any shape to be committed yet, but you +need to get to the other branch for a quick bugfix. ++ +------------ +$ git checkout feature ;# you were working in "feature" branch and +$ work work work ;# got interrupted +$ git commit -a -m 'snapshot WIP' <1> +$ git checkout master +$ fix fix fix +$ git commit ;# commit with real log +$ git checkout feature +$ git reset --soft HEAD^ ;# go back to WIP state <2> +$ git reset <3> +------------ ++ +<1> This commit will get blown away so a throw-away log message is OK. +<2> This removes the 'WIP' commit from the commit history, and sets + your working tree to the state just before you made that snapshot. +<3> At this point the index file still has all the WIP changes you + committed as 'snapshot WIP'. This updates the index to show your + WIP files as uncommitted. + +Author +------ +Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> and Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> + +Documentation +-------------- +Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>. + +GIT +--- +Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite |