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Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/git-rebase.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/git-rebase.txt | 106 |
1 files changed, 64 insertions, 42 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt index dff17b3178..0c4f038dd6 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt @@ -8,16 +8,16 @@ git-rebase - Reapply commits on top of another base tip SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [<options>] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>] - [<upstream> [<branch>]] +'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [<options>] [--exec <cmd>] + [--onto <newbase> | --keep-base] [<upstream> [<branch>]] 'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [<options>] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>] --root [<branch>] -'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --edit-todo | --show-current-patch +'git rebase' (--continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --edit-todo | --show-current-patch) DESCRIPTION ----------- If <branch> is specified, 'git rebase' will perform an automatic -`git checkout <branch>` before doing anything else. Otherwise +`git switch <branch>` before doing anything else. Otherwise it remains on the current branch. If <upstream> is not specified, the upstream configured in @@ -217,6 +217,24 @@ As a special case, you may use "A\...B" as a shortcut for the merge base of A and B if there is exactly one merge base. You can leave out at most one of A and B, in which case it defaults to HEAD. +--keep-base:: + Set the starting point at which to create the new commits to the + merge base of <upstream> <branch>. Running + 'git rebase --keep-base <upstream> <branch>' is equivalent to + running 'git rebase --onto <upstream>... <upstream>'. ++ +This option is useful in the case where one is developing a feature on +top of an upstream branch. While the feature is being worked on, the +upstream branch may advance and it may not be the best idea to keep +rebasing on top of the upstream but to keep the base commit as-is. ++ +Although both this option and --fork-point find the merge base between +<upstream> and <branch>, this option uses the merge base as the _starting +point_ on which new commits will be created, whereas --fork-point uses +the merge base to determine the _set of commits_ which will be rebased. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. + <upstream>:: Upstream branch to compare against. May be any valid commit, not just an existing branch name. Defaults to the configured @@ -300,6 +318,11 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. + See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. +--rerere-autoupdate:: +--no-rerere-autoupdate:: + Allow the rerere mechanism to update the index with the + result of auto-conflict resolution if possible. + -S[<keyid>]:: --gpg-sign[=<keyid>]:: GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and @@ -364,6 +387,10 @@ ends up being empty, the <upstream> will be used as a fallback. + If either <upstream> or --root is given on the command line, then the default is `--no-fork-point`, otherwise the default is `--fork-point`. ++ +If your branch was based on <upstream> but <upstream> was rewound and +your branch contains commits which were dropped, this option can be used +with `--keep-base` in order to drop those commits from your branch. --ignore-whitespace:: --whitespace=<option>:: @@ -410,14 +437,14 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. + By default, or when `no-rebase-cousins` was specified, commits which do not have `<upstream>` as direct ancestor will keep their original branch point, -i.e. commits that would be excluded by gitlink:git-log[1]'s +i.e. commits that would be excluded by linkgit:git-log[1]'s `--ancestry-path` option will keep their original ancestry by default. If the `rebase-cousins` mode is turned on, such commits are instead rebased onto `<upstream>` (or `<onto>`, if specified). + -The `--rebase-merges` mode is similar in spirit to `--preserve-merges`, but -in contrast to that option works well in interactive rebases: commits can be -reordered, inserted and dropped at will. +The `--rebase-merges` mode is similar in spirit to the deprecated +`--preserve-merges` but works with interactive rebases, +where commits can be reordered, inserted and dropped at will. + It is currently only possible to recreate the merge commits using the `recursive` merge strategy; Different merge strategies can be used only via @@ -427,9 +454,10 @@ See also REBASING MERGES and INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. -p:: --preserve-merges:: - Recreate merge commits instead of flattening the history by replaying - commits a merge commit introduces. Merge conflict resolutions or manual - amendments to merge commits are not preserved. + [DEPRECATED: use `--rebase-merges` instead] Recreate merge commits + instead of flattening the history by replaying commits a merge commit + introduces. Merge conflict resolutions or manual amendments to merge + commits are not preserved. + This uses the `--interactive` machinery internally, but combining it with the `--interactive` option explicitly is generally not a good @@ -501,18 +529,15 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. with care: the final stash application after a successful rebase might result in non-trivial conflicts. +--reschedule-failed-exec:: +--no-reschedule-failed-exec:: + Automatically reschedule `exec` commands that failed. This only makes + sense in interactive mode (or when an `--exec` option was provided). + INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS -------------------- -git-rebase has many flags that are incompatible with each other, -predominantly due to the fact that it has three different underlying -implementations: - - * one based on linkgit:git-am[1] (the default) - * one based on git-merge-recursive (merge backend) - * one based on linkgit:git-cherry-pick[1] (interactive backend) - -Flags only understood by the am backend: +The following options: * --committer-date-is-author-date * --ignore-date @@ -520,32 +545,28 @@ Flags only understood by the am backend: * --ignore-whitespace * -C -Flags understood by both merge and interactive backends: +are incompatible with the following options: * --merge * --strategy * --strategy-option * --allow-empty-message - -Flags only understood by the interactive backend: - * --[no-]autosquash * --rebase-merges * --preserve-merges * --interactive * --exec * --keep-empty - * --autosquash * --edit-todo * --root when used in combination with --onto -Other incompatible flag pairs: +In addition, the following pairs of options are incompatible: * --preserve-merges and --interactive * --preserve-merges and --signoff * --preserve-merges and --rebase-merges - * --rebase-merges and --strategy - * --rebase-merges and --strategy-option + * --keep-base and --onto + * --keep-base and --root BEHAVIORAL DIFFERENCES ----------------------- @@ -560,8 +581,6 @@ commit started empty (had no changes relative to its parent to start with) or ended empty (all changes were already applied upstream in other commits). -The merge backend does the same. - The interactive backend drops commits by default that started empty and halts if it hits a commit that ended up empty. The `--keep-empty` option exists for the interactive backend to allow @@ -570,8 +589,9 @@ it to keep commits that started empty. Directory rename detection ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -The merge and interactive backends work fine with -directory rename detection. The am backend sometimes does not. +Directory rename heuristics are enabled in the merge and interactive +backends. Due to the lack of accurate tree information, directory +rename detection is disabled in the am backend. include::merge-strategies.txt[] @@ -677,7 +697,8 @@ $ git rebase -i HEAD~5 And move the first patch to the end of the list. -You might want to preserve merges, if you have a history like this: +You might want to recreate merge commits, e.g. if you have a history +like this: ------------------ X @@ -691,7 +712,7 @@ Suppose you want to rebase the side branch starting at "A" to "Q". Make sure that the current HEAD is "B", and call ----------------------------- -$ git rebase -i -p --onto Q O +$ git rebase -i -r --onto Q O ----------------------------- Reordering and editing commits usually creates untested intermediate @@ -833,7 +854,8 @@ Hard case: The changes are not the same.:: This happens if the 'subsystem' rebase had conflicts, or used `--interactive` to omit, edit, squash, or fixup commits; or if the upstream used one of `commit --amend`, `reset`, or - `filter-branch`. + a full history rewriting command like + https://github.com/newren/git-filter-repo[`filter-repo`]. The easy case @@ -871,7 +893,7 @@ NOTE: While an "easy case recovery" sometimes appears to be successful --interactive` will be **resurrected**! The idea is to manually tell 'git rebase' "where the old 'subsystem' -ended and your 'topic' began", that is, what the old merge-base +ended and your 'topic' began", that is, what the old merge base between them was. You will have to find a way to name the last commit of the old 'subsystem', for example: @@ -979,7 +1001,7 @@ when the merge operation did not even start), it is rescheduled immediately. At this time, the `merge` command will *always* use the `recursive` merge strategy for regular merges, and `octopus` for octopus merges, -strategy, with no way to choose a different one. To work around +with no way to choose a different one. To work around this, an `exec` command can be used to call `git merge` explicitly, using the fact that the labels are worktree-local refs (the ref `refs/rewritten/onto` would correspond to the label `onto`, for example). @@ -1028,11 +1050,11 @@ merge cmake BUGS ---- -The todo list presented by `--preserve-merges --interactive` does not -represent the topology of the revision graph. Editing commits and -rewording their commit messages should work fine, but attempts to -reorder commits tend to produce counterintuitive results. Use -`--rebase-merges` in such scenarios instead. +The todo list presented by the deprecated `--preserve-merges --interactive` +does not represent the topology of the revision graph (use `--rebase-merges` +instead). Editing commits and rewording their commit messages should work +fine, but attempts to reorder commits tend to produce counterintuitive results. +Use `--rebase-merges` in such scenarios instead. For example, an attempt to rearrange ------------ |