diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/git-rebase.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/git-rebase.txt | 111 |
1 files changed, 86 insertions, 25 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt index 8c1f4b8268..4624cfd288 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt @@ -256,7 +256,8 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. --quit:: Abort the rebase operation but HEAD is not reset back to the original branch. The index and working tree are also left - unchanged as a result. + unchanged as a result. If a temporary stash entry was created + using --autostash, it will be saved to the stash list. --apply: Use applying strategies to rebase (calling `git-am` @@ -277,20 +278,51 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. Other options, like --exec, will use the default of drop unless -i/--interactive is explicitly specified. + -Note that commits which start empty are kept, and commits which are -clean cherry-picks (as determined by `git log --cherry-mark ...`) are -always dropped. +Note that commits which start empty are kept (unless --no-keep-empty +is specified), and commits which are clean cherry-picks (as determined +by `git log --cherry-mark ...`) are detected and dropped as a +preliminary step (unless --reapply-cherry-picks is passed). + See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. +--no-keep-empty:: --keep-empty:: - No-op. Rebasing commits that started empty (had no change - relative to their parent) used to fail and this option would - override that behavior, allowing commits with empty changes to - be rebased. Now commits with no changes do not cause rebasing - to halt. + Do not keep commits that start empty before the rebase + (i.e. that do not change anything from its parent) in the + result. The default is to keep commits which start empty, + since creating such commits requires passing the --allow-empty + override flag to `git commit`, signifying that a user is very + intentionally creating such a commit and thus wants to keep + it. + -See also BEHAVIORAL DIFFERENCES and INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. +Usage of this flag will probably be rare, since you can get rid of +commits that start empty by just firing up an interactive rebase and +removing the lines corresponding to the commits you don't want. This +flag exists as a convenient shortcut, such as for cases where external +tools generate many empty commits and you want them all removed. ++ +For commits which do not start empty but become empty after rebasing, +see the --empty flag. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. + +--reapply-cherry-picks:: +--no-reapply-cherry-picks:: + Reapply all clean cherry-picks of any upstream commit instead + of preemptively dropping them. (If these commits then become + empty after rebasing, because they contain a subset of already + upstream changes, the behavior towards them is controlled by + the `--empty` flag.) ++ +By default (or if `--no-reapply-cherry-picks` is given), these commits +will be automatically dropped. Because this necessitates reading all +upstream commits, this can be expensive in repos with a large number +of upstream commits that need to be read. ++ +`--reapply-cherry-picks` allows rebase to forgo reading all upstream +commits, potentially improving performance. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. --allow-empty-message:: No-op. Rebasing commits with an empty message used to fail @@ -354,9 +386,12 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. -S[<keyid>]:: --gpg-sign[=<keyid>]:: +--no-gpg-sign:: GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be - stuck to the option without a space. + stuck to the option without a space. `--no-gpg-sign` is useful to + countermand both `commit.gpgSign` configuration variable, and + earlier `--gpg-sign`. -q:: --quiet:: @@ -414,12 +449,14 @@ When --fork-point is active, 'fork_point' will be used instead of <branch>` command (see linkgit:git-merge-base[1]). If 'fork_point' ends up being empty, the <upstream> will be used as a fallback. + -If either <upstream> or --root is given on the command line, then the -default is `--no-fork-point`, otherwise the default is `--fork-point`. +If <upstream> is given on the command line, then the default is +`--no-fork-point`, otherwise the default is `--fork-point`. + If your branch was based on <upstream> but <upstream> was rewound and your branch contains commits which were dropped, this option can be used with `--keep-base` in order to drop those commits from your branch. ++ +See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. --ignore-whitespace:: --whitespace=<option>:: @@ -587,8 +624,9 @@ are incompatible with the following options: * --preserve-merges * --interactive * --exec - * --keep-empty + * --no-keep-empty * --empty= + * --reapply-cherry-picks * --edit-todo * --root when used in combination with --onto @@ -600,12 +638,13 @@ In addition, the following pairs of options are incompatible: * --preserve-merges and --empty= * --keep-base and --onto * --keep-base and --root + * --fork-point and --root BEHAVIORAL DIFFERENCES ----------------------- git rebase has two primary backends: apply and merge. (The apply -backend used to known as the 'am' backend, but the name led to +backend used to be known as the 'am' backend, but the name led to confusion as it looks like a verb instead of a noun. Also, the merge backend used to be known as the interactive backend, but it is now used for non-interactive cases as well. Both were renamed based on @@ -620,12 +659,15 @@ commits that started empty, though these are rare in practice. It also drops commits that become empty and has no option for controlling this behavior. -The merge backend keeps intentionally empty commits. Similar to the -apply backend, by default the merge backend drops commits that become -empty unless -i/--interactive is specified (in which case it stops and -asks the user what to do). The merge backend also has an ---empty={drop,keep,ask} option for changing the behavior of handling -commits that become empty. +The merge backend keeps intentionally empty commits by default (though +with -i they are marked as empty in the todo list editor, or they can +be dropped automatically with --no-keep-empty). + +Similar to the apply backend, by default the merge backend drops +commits that become empty unless -i/--interactive is specified (in +which case it stops and asks the user what to do). The merge backend +also has an --empty={drop,keep,ask} option for changing the behavior +of handling commits that become empty. Directory rename detection ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -684,9 +726,17 @@ Hooks ~~~~~ The apply backend has not traditionally called the post-commit hook, -while the merge backend has. However, this was by accident of -implementation rather than by design. Both backends should have the -same behavior, though it is not clear which one is correct. +while the merge backend has. Both have called the post-checkout hook, +though the merge backend has squelched its output. Further, both +backends only call the post-checkout hook with the starting point +commit of the rebase, not the intermediate commits nor the final +commit. In each case, the calling of these hooks was by accident of +implementation rather than by design (both backends were originally +implemented as shell scripts and happened to invoke other commands +like 'git checkout' or 'git commit' that would call the hooks). Both +backends should have the same behavior, though it is not entirely +clear which, if any, is correct. We will likely make rebase stop +calling either of these hooks in the future. Interruptability ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -699,6 +749,16 @@ suffer from the same shortcoming. (See https://lore.kernel.org/git/20200207132152.GC2868@szeder.dev/ for details.) +Commit Rewording +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +When a conflict occurs while rebasing, rebase stops and asks the user +to resolve. Since the user may need to make notable changes while +resolving conflicts, after conflicts are resolved and the user has run +`git rebase --continue`, the rebase should open an editor and ask the +user to update the commit message. The merge backend does this, while +the apply backend blindly applies the original commit message. + Miscellaneous differences ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -992,7 +1052,8 @@ Only works if the changes (patch IDs based on the diff contents) on 'subsystem' did. In that case, the fix is easy because 'git rebase' knows to skip -changes that are already present in the new upstream. So if you say +changes that are already present in the new upstream (unless +`--reapply-cherry-picks` is given). So if you say (assuming you're on 'topic') ------------ $ git rebase subsystem |