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authorLibravatar Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>2017-10-03 15:42:48 +0900
committerLibravatar Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>2017-10-03 15:42:48 +0900
commitd9ec072a2903f31a0e1afde4125f62b9fc57f620 (patch)
tree07d84e3267dfb5c6b6d4b726cec8fe33913639de /Documentation
parentMerge branch 'hn/path-ownership-comment' (diff)
parentstring-list.h: move documentation from Documentation/api/ into header (diff)
downloadtgif-d9ec072a2903f31a0e1afde4125f62b9fc57f620.tar.xz
Merge branch 'hn/string-list-doc'
Doc reorg. * hn/string-list-doc: string-list.h: move documentation from Documentation/api/ into header
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-string-list API
-===============
-
-The string_list API offers a data structure and functions to handle
-sorted and unsorted string lists. A "sorted" list is one whose
-entries are sorted by string value in `strcmp()` order.
-
-The 'string_list' struct used to be called 'path_list', but was renamed
-because it is not specific to paths.
-
-The caller:
-
-. Allocates and clears a `struct string_list` variable.
-
-. Initializes the members. You might want to set the flag `strdup_strings`
- if the strings should be strdup()ed. For example, this is necessary
- when you add something like git_path("..."), since that function returns
- a static buffer that will change with the next call to git_path().
-+
-If you need something advanced, you can manually malloc() the `items`
-member (you need this if you add things later) and you should set the
-`nr` and `alloc` members in that case, too.
-
-. Adds new items to the list, using `string_list_append`,
- `string_list_append_nodup`, `string_list_insert`,
- `string_list_split`, and/or `string_list_split_in_place`.
-
-. Can check if a string is in the list using `string_list_has_string` or
- `unsorted_string_list_has_string` and get it from the list using
- `string_list_lookup` for sorted lists.
-
-. Can sort an unsorted list using `string_list_sort`.
-
-. Can remove duplicate items from a sorted list using
- `string_list_remove_duplicates`.
-
-. Can remove individual items of an unsorted list using
- `unsorted_string_list_delete_item`.
-
-. Can remove items not matching a criterion from a sorted or unsorted
- list using `filter_string_list`, or remove empty strings using
- `string_list_remove_empty_items`.
-
-. Finally it should free the list using `string_list_clear`.
-
-Example:
-
-----
-struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
-int i;
-
-string_list_append(&list, "foo");
-string_list_append(&list, "bar");
-for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
- printf("%s\n", list.items[i].string)
-----
-
-NOTE: It is more efficient to build an unsorted list and sort it
-afterwards, instead of building a sorted list (`O(n log n)` instead of
-`O(n^2)`).
-+
-However, if you use the list to check if a certain string was added
-already, you should not do that (using unsorted_string_list_has_string()),
-because the complexity would be quadratic again (but with a worse factor).
-
-Functions
----------
-
-* General ones (works with sorted and unsorted lists as well)
-
-`string_list_init`::
-
- Initialize the members of the string_list, set `strdup_strings`
- member according to the value of the second parameter.
-
-`filter_string_list`::
-
- Apply a function to each item in a list, retaining only the
- items for which the function returns true. If free_util is
- true, call free() on the util members of any items that have
- to be deleted. Preserve the order of the items that are
- retained.
-
-`string_list_remove_empty_items`::
-
- Remove any empty strings from the list. If free_util is true,
- call free() on the util members of any items that have to be
- deleted. Preserve the order of the items that are retained.
-
-`print_string_list`::
-
- Dump a string_list to stdout, useful mainly for debugging purposes. It
- can take an optional header argument and it writes out the
- string-pointer pairs of the string_list, each one in its own line.
-
-`string_list_clear`::
-
- Free a string_list. The `string` pointer of the items will be freed in
- case the `strdup_strings` member of the string_list is set. The second
- parameter controls if the `util` pointer of the items should be freed
- or not.
-
-* Functions for sorted lists only
-
-`string_list_has_string`::
-
- Determine if the string_list has a given string or not.
-
-`string_list_insert`::
-
- Insert a new element to the string_list. The returned pointer can be
- handy if you want to write something to the `util` pointer of the
- string_list_item containing the just added string. If the given
- string already exists the insertion will be skipped and the
- pointer to the existing item returned.
-+
-Since this function uses xrealloc() (which die()s if it fails) if the
-list needs to grow, it is safe not to check the pointer. I.e. you may
-write `string_list_insert(...)->util = ...;`.
-
-`string_list_lookup`::
-
- Look up a given string in the string_list, returning the containing
- string_list_item. If the string is not found, NULL is returned.
-
-`string_list_remove_duplicates`::
-
- Remove all but the first of consecutive entries that have the
- same string value. If free_util is true, call free() on the
- util members of any items that have to be deleted.
-
-* Functions for unsorted lists only
-
-`string_list_append`::
-
- Append a new string to the end of the string_list. If
- `strdup_string` is set, then the string argument is copied;
- otherwise the new `string_list_entry` refers to the input
- string.
-
-`string_list_append_nodup`::
-
- Append a new string to the end of the string_list. The new
- `string_list_entry` always refers to the input string, even if
- `strdup_string` is set. This function can be used to hand
- ownership of a malloc()ed string to a `string_list` that has
- `strdup_string` set.
-
-`string_list_sort`::
-
- Sort the list's entries by string value in `strcmp()` order.
-
-`unsorted_string_list_has_string`::
-
- It's like `string_list_has_string()` but for unsorted lists.
-
-`unsorted_string_list_lookup`::
-
- It's like `string_list_lookup()` but for unsorted lists.
-+
-The above two functions need to look through all items, as opposed to their
-counterpart for sorted lists, which performs a binary search.
-
-`unsorted_string_list_delete_item`::
-
- Remove an item from a string_list. The `string` pointer of the items
- will be freed in case the `strdup_strings` member of the string_list
- is set. The third parameter controls if the `util` pointer of the
- items should be freed or not.
-
-`string_list_split`::
-`string_list_split_in_place`::
-
- Split a string into substrings on a delimiter character and
- append the substrings to a `string_list`. If `maxsplit` is
- non-negative, then split at most `maxsplit` times. Return the
- number of substrings appended to the list.
-+
-`string_list_split` requires a `string_list` that has `strdup_strings`
-set to true; it leaves the input string untouched and makes copies of
-the substrings in newly-allocated memory.
-`string_list_split_in_place` requires a `string_list` that has
-`strdup_strings` set to false; it splits the input string in place,
-overwriting the delimiter characters with NULs and creating new
-string_list_items that point into the original string (the original
-string must therefore not be modified or freed while the `string_list`
-is in use).
-
-
-Data structures
----------------
-
-* `struct string_list_item`
-
-Represents an item of the list. The `string` member is a pointer to the
-string, and you may use the `util` member for any purpose, if you want.
-
-* `struct string_list`
-
-Represents the list itself.
-
-. The array of items are available via the `items` member.
-. The `nr` member contains the number of items stored in the list.
-. The `alloc` member is used to avoid reallocating at every insertion.
- You should not tamper with it.
-. Setting the `strdup_strings` member to 1 will strdup() the strings
- before adding them, see above.
-. The `compare_strings_fn` member is used to specify a custom compare
- function, otherwise `strcmp()` is used as the default function.