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authorLibravatar Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>2014-09-12 11:17:07 -0700
committerLibravatar Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>2014-09-15 13:23:20 -0700
commita85b377d0419a9dfaca8af2320cc33b051cbed04 (patch)
tree3a4f0dcca09805637c419401190f0b2173509a35 /Documentation
parentpack-protocol doc: typofix for PKT-LINE (diff)
downloadtgif-a85b377d0419a9dfaca8af2320cc33b051cbed04.tar.xz
push: the beginning of "git push --signed"
While signed tags and commits assert that the objects thusly signed came from you, who signed these objects, there is not a good way to assert that you wanted to have a particular object at the tip of a particular branch. My signing v2.0.1 tag only means I want to call the version v2.0.1, and it does not mean I want to push it out to my 'master' branch---it is likely that I only want it in 'maint', so the signature on the object alone is insufficient. The only assurance to you that 'maint' points at what I wanted to place there comes from your trust on the hosting site and my authentication with it, which cannot easily audited later. Introduce a mechanism that allows you to sign a "push certificate" (for the lack of better name) every time you push, asserting that what object you are pushing to update which ref that used to point at what other object. Think of it as a cryptographic protection for ref updates, similar to signed tags/commits but working on an orthogonal axis. The basic flow based on this mechanism goes like this: 1. You push out your work with "git push --signed". 2. The sending side learns where the remote refs are as usual, together with what protocol extension the receiving end supports. If the receiving end does not advertise the protocol extension "push-cert", an attempt to "git push --signed" fails. Otherwise, a text file, that looks like the following, is prepared in core: certificate version 0.1 pusher Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> 1315427886 -0700 7339ca65... 21580ecb... refs/heads/master 3793ac56... 12850bec... refs/heads/next The file begins with a few header lines, which may grow as we gain more experience. The 'pusher' header records the name of the signer (the value of user.signingkey configuration variable, falling back to GIT_COMMITTER_{NAME|EMAIL}) and the time of the certificate generation. After the header, a blank line follows, followed by a copy of the protocol message lines. Each line shows the old and the new object name at the tip of the ref this push tries to update, in the way identical to how the underlying "git push" protocol exchange tells the ref updates to the receiving end (by recording the "old" object name, the push certificate also protects against replaying). It is expected that new command packet types other than the old-new-refname kind will be included in push certificate in the same way as would appear in the plain vanilla command packets in unsigned pushes. The user then is asked to sign this push certificate using GPG, formatted in a way similar to how signed tag objects are signed, and the result is sent to the other side (i.e. receive-pack). In the protocol exchange, this step comes immediately before the sender tells what the result of the push should be, which in turn comes before it sends the pack data. 3. When the receiving end sees a push certificate, the certificate is written out as a blob. The pre-receive hook can learn about the certificate by checking GIT_PUSH_CERT environment variable, which, if present, tells the object name of this blob, and make the decision to allow or reject this push. Additionally, the post-receive hook can also look at the certificate, which may be a good place to log all the received certificates for later audits. Because a push certificate carry the same information as the usual command packets in the protocol exchange, we can omit the latter when a push certificate is in use and reduce the protocol overhead. This however is not included in this patch to make it easier to review (in other words, the series at this step should never be released without the remainder of the series, as it implements an interim protocol that will be incompatible with the final one). As such, the documentation update for the protocol is left out of this step. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
-rw-r--r--Documentation/config.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-push.txt9
-rw-r--r--Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt19
3 files changed, 32 insertions, 2 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index c55c22ab7b..0d01e32888 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -2038,6 +2038,12 @@ rebase.autostash::
successful rebase might result in non-trivial conflicts.
Defaults to false.
+receive.acceptpushcert::
+ By default, `git receive-pack` will advertise that it
+ accepts `git push --signed`. Setting this variable to
+ false disables it (this is a tentative variable that
+ will go away at the end of this series).
+
receive.autogc::
By default, git-receive-pack will run "git-gc --auto" after
receiving data from git-push and updating refs. You can stop
diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt
index 21cd455508..21b3f29c3b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git push' [--all | --mirror | --tags] [--follow-tags] [-n | --dry-run] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
- [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [--prune] [-v | --verbose] [-u | --set-upstream]
+ [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [--prune] [-v | --verbose]
+ [-u | --set-upstream] [--signed]
[--force-with-lease[=<refname>[:<expect>]]]
[--no-verify] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]
@@ -129,6 +130,12 @@ already exists on the remote side.
from the remote but are pointing at commit-ish that are
reachable from the refs being pushed.
+--signed::
+ GPG-sign the push request to update refs on the receiving
+ side, to allow it to be checked by the hooks and/or be
+ logged. See linkgit:git-receive-pack[1] for the details
+ on the receiving end.
+
--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>::
--exec=<git-receive-pack>::
Path to the 'git-receive-pack' program on the remote
diff --git a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
index b1f7dc643a..a2dd74376c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
@@ -53,6 +53,11 @@ the update. Refs to be created will have sha1-old equal to 0\{40},
while refs to be deleted will have sha1-new equal to 0\{40}, otherwise
sha1-old and sha1-new should be valid objects in the repository.
+When accepting a signed push (see linkgit:git-push[1]), the signed
+push certificate is stored in a blob and an environment variable
+`GIT_PUSH_CERT` can be consulted for its object name. See the
+description of `post-receive` hook for an example.
+
This hook is called before any refname is updated and before any
fast-forward checks are performed.
@@ -101,9 +106,14 @@ the update. Refs that were created will have sha1-old equal to
0\{40}, otherwise sha1-old and sha1-new should be valid objects in
the repository.
+The `GIT_PUSH_CERT` environment variable can be inspected, just as
+in `pre-receive` hook, after accepting a signed push.
+
Using this hook, it is easy to generate mails describing the updates
to the repository. This example script sends one mail message per
-ref listing the commits pushed to the repository:
+ref listing the commits pushed to the repository, and logs the push
+certificates of signed pushes to a logger
+service:
#!/bin/sh
# mail out commit update information.
@@ -119,6 +129,13 @@ ref listing the commits pushed to the repository:
fi |
mail -s "Changes to ref $ref" commit-list@mydomain
done
+ # log signed push certificate, if any
+ if test -n "${GIT_PUSH_CERT-}"
+ then
+ (
+ git cat-file blob ${GIT_PUSH_CERT}
+ ) | mail -s "push certificate" push-log@mydomain
+ fi
exit 0
The exit code from this hook invocation is ignored, however a