[feature] proof of work scraper deterrence (#4043)

This adds a proof-of-work based scraper deterrence to GoToSocial's middleware stack on profile and status web pages. Heavily inspired by https://github.com/TecharoHQ/anubis, but massively stripped back for our own usecase.

Todo:
- ~~add configuration option so this is disabled by default~~
- ~~fix whatever weirdness is preventing this working with CSP (even in debug)~~
- ~~use our standard templating mechanism going through apiutil helper func~~
- ~~probably some absurdly small performance improvements to be made in pooling re-used hex encode / hash encode buffers~~ the web endpoints aren't as hot a path as API / ActivityPub, will leave as-is for now as it is already very minimal and well optimized
- ~~verify the cryptographic assumptions re: using a portion of token as challenge data~~ this isn't a serious application of cryptography, if it turns out to be a problem we'll fix it, but it definitely should not be easily possible to guess a SHA256 hash from the first 1/4 of it even if mathematically it might make it a bit easier
- ~~theme / make look nice??~~
- ~~add a spinner~~
- ~~add entry in example configuration~~
- ~~add documentation~~

Verification page originally based on https://github.com/LucienV1/powtect

Co-authored-by: tobi <tobi.smethurst@protonmail.com>
Reviewed-on: https://codeberg.org/superseriousbusiness/gotosocial/pulls/4043
Reviewed-by: tobi <tsmethurst@noreply.codeberg.org>
Co-authored-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>
Co-committed-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>

1 files changed, 27 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/web/source/css/nollamas.css b/web/source/css/nollamas.css
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2f6671a62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/source/css/nollamas.css
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+	GoToSocial
+	Copyright (C) GoToSocial Authors admin@gotosocial.org
+	SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+
+	This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+	it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+	the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+	(at your option) any later version.
+
+	This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+	but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+	MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+	GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+
+	You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+	along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+.nollamas {
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: column;
+
+	.nollamas-solving {
+		align-self: center;
+	}
+}